Julian Elliott
Biographic Data
| ID | 3656095 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Julian Elliott |
| GIVEN NAMES | Julian |
| FAMILY NAME | Elliott |
| SIGNATURE | ELLIOTT J |
| AFFILIATIONS | Durham University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-9165-5875 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 30 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 125 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 30 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1993 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 7 |
Specific Learning Difficulties
This study investigates disparities in the identification of specific learning difficulties (SpLD) in England. We estimated multilevel logistic regression models on National Pupil Database records for approximately 540,000 Year 6 students across 14,800 schools. Student-level predictors included academic performance in reading and math, gender, English as an additional language (EAL) status, mobility status, and individual economic deprivation ind…
Special Educational Needs and Disability tribunals
This paper examines the operation of the English Special Educational Needs and Disability tribunal system in relation to children who present with a dyslexia diagnosis. It identifies a number of significant weaknesses; in particular, the absence of clear diagnostic criteria capable of differentiating such children from large numbers of other struggling readers. It then explains why it is inappropriate to identify particular cognitive processes as…
The dyslexia debate
In this paper, we discuss the problematic use of the term dyslexia. Noting that there are no unambiguous objective diagnostic criteria for ‘dyslexia’, in part because this term is understood in multiple ways, we discuss its relevance for informing educational assessment, intervention and resourcing. We conclude by highlighting how current approaches to dyslexia diagnosis and remediation typically fail to serve the needs of large numbers of strugg…
When ‘best practice’ meets the pedagogical nexus
Notions of ‘best practice’ have long dominated studies of pedagogy. It is therefore not surprising that international comparison has historically led researchers and policymakers to cast envious ey
What did Pisa and TIMSS ever do for us
There appears to be something of an intellectual and philosophical gulf between education researchers who seek insights from statistical analyses of complex data-sets such as those provided by the OECD (PISA), and others who seek to develop rich, contextualised socio-historical understandings that can shed light upon why particular classroom practices operate and are sustained within a given milieu. This paper outlines these different perspective…
Leaders’ smiles reflect cultural differences in ideal affect
Cultures differ in the emotions they teach their members to value ("ideal affect"). We conducted 3 studies to examine whether leaders' smiles reflect these cultural differences in ideal affect. In Study 1, we compared the smiles of top-ranked American and Chinese government leaders, chief executive officers, and university presidents in their official photos. Consistent with findings that Americans value excitement and other high-arousal positive…
The Positive Outlook Study
Chronic Disease Self-Management by People With HIV
As HIV has transitioned into a chronic disease, reappraisal of clinical management has occurred with chronic disease self-management (CDSM) as one possibility. However, despite extensive work on CDSM across a range of diseases, little attention has focused on psychosocial contexts of the lives of people for whom programs are intended. This article reports semi-structured interviews used to explore health practices and motivations of 33 people wit…
Targets for intervention to improve virological outcomes for patients receiving free antiretroviral therapy in Tamil Nadu, India
Operational research to identify factors predicting poor clinical outcomes is critical to maximize patient care and prolong first-line regimens for those receiving free antiretroviral therapy (ART) in India. We sought to identify social or clinical factors amenable to intervention that predict virological outcomes after 12 months of ART. We examined a retrospective cohort of consecutive adults initiating free nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase i…
Informing the development of an online self-management program for men living with HIV
The findings from this needs assessment highlight the need to target socio-emotional contexts of HIV positive men's daily lives to improve quality of life and well-being. Intervention priorities for the proposed online self-management program include: (1) managing the emotional impact of HIV; (2) disclosing HIV status to family and friends; (3) maintaining social connectedness; (4) managing HIV within intimate relationships; and (5) disclosure of…
The positive outlook study- a randomised controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness of an online self-management program targeting psychosocial issues for men living with HIV
ACTRN12612000642886
Lessons from abroad
This paper considers attempts to import pedagogic practices from other educational systems. In so doing, it focuses upon policymakers’ attempts to: (a) import interactive whole class teaching approaches to the UK (and, to a lesser extent, the US); and (b) export learner-centred pedagogies, largely derived from Anglo-American theorising and practice, to industrialised and developing countries that often vary greatly in educational performance. The…
Pharmacy and Self-Report Adherence Measures to Predict Virological Outcomes for Patients on Free Antiretroviral Therapy in Tamil Nadu, India
Social meanings of adherence to antiretroviral therapy in Cambodia
Global expansion of antiretroviral therapy (ART) programmes for people living with HIV is the largest public health undertaking to date. Antiretroviral therapy adherence drives individual and programme outcomes, yet little is known regarding the determinants of these behaviours. We investigated beliefs and practices associated with ART use in Cambodia. In-depth interviews were conducted during 2005 with 27 people living with HIV who were recruite…
International orthodoxy versus national realities
Specialists with international influence have been advocating in an uncompromising manner the policy of including all children with special educational needs (SEN) in regular schools and classrooms. The endorsement of this policy by an internationally agreed convention implies that it is universally applicable. This paper, however, questions the relevance of this orthodoxy to the educational systems of low‐income countries and argues that the lat…
The Diagnostic Utility of Behavioral Checklists in Identifying Children with ADHD and Children with Working Memory Deficits
Neocolonialism in education
This article is concerned with the influence of western educational approaches in non‐western countries and societies. This influence is frequently referred to as educational neocolonialism in the sense that western paradigms tend to shape and influence educational systems and thinking elsewhere through the process of globalisation. Given the perceived pressure to modernise and reform in order to attain high international standards, educational p…
Cooperative learning that features a culturally appropriate pedagogy
Many recent intercultural studies have shown that people cooperate with each other differently across cultures. We argue that cooperative learning (CL), an educational method originating in the USA and with fundamental psychological assumptions based on Western values, should be adjusted to be culturally appropriate for any non‐Western cultures in which it is applied. In the light of this assertion, this paper reports a series of experiments cond…
Sustainability science
Does Dyslexia Exist
In this paper we argue that attempts to distinguish between categories of ‘dyslexia’ and ‘poor reader’ or ‘reading disabled’ are scientifically unsupportable, arbitrary and thus potentially discriminatory. We do not seek to veto scientific curiosity in examining underlying factors in reading disability, for seeking greater understanding of the relationship between visual symbols and spoken language is crucial. However, while stressing the potenti…
The impact of the west on post‐Soviet Russian education
In this paper we draw on Bronfenbrenner's theory of human development in order to examine western influences upon Russian education. We argue that while some have embraced western ideas about education and schooling, reflecting both the influence of specific educational theorizing and that of broader globalizing trends, many teachers have continued to rely on traditional practices and values and have shown resistance to these changes. We examine …
Are western educational theories and practices truly universal
Education departments in universities throughout the western world are increasingly recruiting international students, who are subsequently exposed to educational and psychological theories and app
Thinking skills frameworks for use in education and training
This article details findings from a systematic review and evaluation of frameworks and taxonomies for understanding thinking, with particular reference to learning in post‐16 contexts. It describes the means used to identify and evaluate 35 frameworks and identifies three that appear to be particularly useful in the context of lifelong learning. In the light of this analysis, a schematic integrated model of thinking is outlined and discussed
Teachers' beliefs about student motivation
The opinions of 108 teachers, about what influenced adolescent students' motivation and de-motivation, were sought through interview, at sites in each of the UK, the USA and Russia. Teachers' opinions in all three milieux were found to concur—on the positive effects of: parental interest and involvement and parental dissatisfaction; partnership with parents; teacher-student relations; symbolic and material rewards; grades and marks; success in le…
Achievement motivation across cultures
Cross-cultural study of motivation to learn in school suggests that many constructs may not generalize across cultures. Culturally sensitive, multimethod approaches that can research meaning making may increase understanding of motivation in context
Neocolonialism in education
This article is concerned with the influence of western educational approaches in non‐western countries and societies. This influence is frequently referred to as educational neocolonialism in the sense that western paradigms tend to shape and influence educational systems and thinking elsewhere through the process of globalisation. Given the perceived pressure to modernise and reform in order to attain high international standards, educational p…
When ‘best practice’ meets the pedagogical nexus
Notions of ‘best practice’ have long dominated studies of pedagogy. It is therefore not surprising that international comparison has historically led researchers and policymakers to cast envious ey
The impact of the west on post‐Soviet Russian education
In this paper we draw on Bronfenbrenner's theory of human development in order to examine western influences upon Russian education. We argue that while some have embraced western ideas about education and schooling, reflecting both the influence of specific educational theorizing and that of broader globalizing trends, many teachers have continued to rely on traditional practices and values and have shown resistance to these changes. We examine …
Does Dyslexia Exist
In this paper we argue that attempts to distinguish between categories of ‘dyslexia’ and ‘poor reader’ or ‘reading disabled’ are scientifically unsupportable, arbitrary and thus potentially discriminatory. We do not seek to veto scientific curiosity in examining underlying factors in reading disability, for seeking greater understanding of the relationship between visual symbols and spoken language is crucial. However, while stressing the potenti…
International orthodoxy versus national realities
Specialists with international influence have been advocating in an uncompromising manner the policy of including all children with special educational needs (SEN) in regular schools and classrooms. The endorsement of this policy by an internationally agreed convention implies that it is universally applicable. This paper, however, questions the relevance of this orthodoxy to the educational systems of low‐income countries and argues that the lat…
Teachers' beliefs about student motivation
The opinions of 108 teachers, about what influenced adolescent students' motivation and de-motivation, were sought through interview, at sites in each of the UK, the USA and Russia. Teachers' opinions in all three milieux were found to concur—on the positive effects of: parental interest and involvement and parental dissatisfaction; partnership with parents; teacher-student relations; symbolic and material rewards; grades and marks; success in le…
What did Pisa and TIMSS ever do for us
There appears to be something of an intellectual and philosophical gulf between education researchers who seek insights from statistical analyses of complex data-sets such as those provided by the OECD (PISA), and others who seek to develop rich, contextualised socio-historical understandings that can shed light upon why particular classroom practices operate and are sustained within a given milieu. This paper outlines these different perspective…
Lessons from abroad
This paper considers attempts to import pedagogic practices from other educational systems. In so doing, it focuses upon policymakers’ attempts to: (a) import interactive whole class teaching approaches to the UK (and, to a lesser extent, the US); and (b) export learner-centred pedagogies, largely derived from Anglo-American theorising and practice, to industrialised and developing countries that often vary greatly in educational performance. The…
Chronic Disease Self-Management by People With HIV
As HIV has transitioned into a chronic disease, reappraisal of clinical management has occurred with chronic disease self-management (CDSM) as one possibility. However, despite extensive work on CDSM across a range of diseases, little attention has focused on psychosocial contexts of the lives of people for whom programs are intended. This article reports semi-structured interviews used to explore health practices and motivations of 33 people wit…
Factors Influencing Educational Motivation
Worldwide concern about educational achievement, fuelled by comparative studies, has resulted in much debate about appropriate pedagogic practices. This article argues, however, that in considering how to raise educational attainment, key attitudinal and other sociocultural factors have been insufficiently considered. To support this position, it reports the findings from a large‐scale international investigation of the attitudes, perceptions and…
Thinking skills frameworks for use in education and training
This article details findings from a systematic review and evaluation of frameworks and taxonomies for understanding thinking, with particular reference to learning in post‐16 contexts. It describes the means used to identify and evaluate 35 frameworks and identifies three that appear to be particularly useful in the context of lifelong learning. In the light of this analysis, a schematic integrated model of thinking is outlined and discussed
The psychological assessment of learning potential
Background. The paper considers the construct of learning potential (or dynamic assessment) and its use in the psychoeducational assessment of children with learning difficulties. Aims. The principal research aim was to examine the extent to which learning potential (dynamic) assessment can predict which children with severe learning difficulties will gain most from a structured programme of cognitive intervention. Sample. The sample consisted of…
Are western educational theories and practices truly universal
Education departments in universities throughout the western world are increasingly recruiting international students, who are subsequently exposed to educational and psychological theories and app
Volunteer Support in the Primary Classroom
This article reports an evaluation of the effectiveness of a volunteer tutor reading intervention. Volunteers were provided with instruction and supervision in order that they might assist class teachers in the teaching of reading. A strong emphasis upon phonological awareness and storytelling underpinned the programme. Intervention took place in reception classes in three socially disadvantaged schools that could provide parallel classes to serv…
Cooperative learning that features a culturally appropriate pedagogy
Many recent intercultural studies have shown that people cooperate with each other differently across cultures. We argue that cooperative learning (CL), an educational method originating in the USA and with fundamental psychological assumptions based on Western values, should be adjusted to be culturally appropriate for any non‐Western cultures in which it is applied. In the light of this assertion, this paper reports a series of experiments cond…
Locus of control in behaviourally disordered children
It is widely held that behaviourally disordered children have greater difficulty than their peers in recognising a contingent relationship between their actions and subsequent outcomes (i.e., they have a relatively external locus of control) yet studies have not examined intra-group differences within this population. For this reason, this study explored the relationship between a number of specific behaviours and locus of control in 237 children…
The Assessment of Special Educational Needs
Locus of control in behaviourally disordered children
It is widely held that behaviourally disordered children have greater difficulty than their peers in recognising a contingent relationship between their actions and subsequent outcomes (i.e., they have a relatively external locus of control) yet studies have not examined intra-group differences within this population. For this reason, this study explored the relationship between a number of specific behaviours and locus of control in 237 children…
Factors Influencing Educational Motivation
Worldwide concern about educational achievement, fuelled by comparative studies, has resulted in much debate about appropriate pedagogic practices. This article argues, however, that in considering how to raise educational attainment, key attitudinal and other sociocultural factors have been insufficiently considered. To support this position, it reports the findings from a large‐scale international investigation of the attitudes, perceptions and…
Volunteer Support in the Primary Classroom
This article reports an evaluation of the effectiveness of a volunteer tutor reading intervention. Volunteers were provided with instruction and supervision in order that they might assist class teachers in the teaching of reading. A strong emphasis upon phonological awareness and storytelling underpinned the programme. Intervention took place in reception classes in three socially disadvantaged schools that could provide parallel classes to serv…
The psychological assessment of learning potential
Background. The paper considers the construct of learning potential (or dynamic assessment) and its use in the psychoeducational assessment of children with learning difficulties. Aims. The principal research aim was to examine the extent to which learning potential (dynamic) assessment can predict which children with severe learning difficulties will gain most from a structured programme of cognitive intervention. Sample. The sample consisted of…
Achievement motivation across cultures
Cross-cultural study of motivation to learn in school suggests that many constructs may not generalize across cultures. Culturally sensitive, multimethod approaches that can research meaning making may increase understanding of motivation in context
Teachers' beliefs about student motivation
The opinions of 108 teachers, about what influenced adolescent students' motivation and de-motivation, were sought through interview, at sites in each of the UK, the USA and Russia. Teachers' opinions in all three milieux were found to concur—on the positive effects of: parental interest and involvement and parental dissatisfaction; partnership with parents; teacher-student relations; symbolic and material rewards; grades and marks; success in le…
Thinking skills frameworks for use in education and training
This article details findings from a systematic review and evaluation of frameworks and taxonomies for understanding thinking, with particular reference to learning in post‐16 contexts. It describes the means used to identify and evaluate 35 frameworks and identifies three that appear to be particularly useful in the context of lifelong learning. In the light of this analysis, a schematic integrated model of thinking is outlined and discussed
The impact of the west on post‐Soviet Russian education
In this paper we draw on Bronfenbrenner's theory of human development in order to examine western influences upon Russian education. We argue that while some have embraced western ideas about education and schooling, reflecting both the influence of specific educational theorizing and that of broader globalizing trends, many teachers have continued to rely on traditional practices and values and have shown resistance to these changes. We examine …
Are western educational theories and practices truly universal
Education departments in universities throughout the western world are increasingly recruiting international students, who are subsequently exposed to educational and psychological theories and app
Sustainability science
Does Dyslexia Exist
In this paper we argue that attempts to distinguish between categories of ‘dyslexia’ and ‘poor reader’ or ‘reading disabled’ are scientifically unsupportable, arbitrary and thus potentially discriminatory. We do not seek to veto scientific curiosity in examining underlying factors in reading disability, for seeking greater understanding of the relationship between visual symbols and spoken language is crucial. However, while stressing the potenti…
The Diagnostic Utility of Behavioral Checklists in Identifying Children with ADHD and Children with Working Memory Deficits
Neocolonialism in education
This article is concerned with the influence of western educational approaches in non‐western countries and societies. This influence is frequently referred to as educational neocolonialism in the sense that western paradigms tend to shape and influence educational systems and thinking elsewhere through the process of globalisation. Given the perceived pressure to modernise and reform in order to attain high international standards, educational p…
Cooperative learning that features a culturally appropriate pedagogy
Many recent intercultural studies have shown that people cooperate with each other differently across cultures. We argue that cooperative learning (CL), an educational method originating in the USA and with fundamental psychological assumptions based on Western values, should be adjusted to be culturally appropriate for any non‐Western cultures in which it is applied. In the light of this assertion, this paper reports a series of experiments cond…
International orthodoxy versus national realities
Specialists with international influence have been advocating in an uncompromising manner the policy of including all children with special educational needs (SEN) in regular schools and classrooms. The endorsement of this policy by an internationally agreed convention implies that it is universally applicable. This paper, however, questions the relevance of this orthodoxy to the educational systems of low‐income countries and argues that the lat…
Social meanings of adherence to antiretroviral therapy in Cambodia
Global expansion of antiretroviral therapy (ART) programmes for people living with HIV is the largest public health undertaking to date. Antiretroviral therapy adherence drives individual and programme outcomes, yet little is known regarding the determinants of these behaviours. We investigated beliefs and practices associated with ART use in Cambodia. In-depth interviews were conducted during 2005 with 27 people living with HIV who were recruite…
Pharmacy and Self-Report Adherence Measures to Predict Virological Outcomes for Patients on Free Antiretroviral Therapy in Tamil Nadu, India
Targets for intervention to improve virological outcomes for patients receiving free antiretroviral therapy in Tamil Nadu, India
Operational research to identify factors predicting poor clinical outcomes is critical to maximize patient care and prolong first-line regimens for those receiving free antiretroviral therapy (ART) in India. We sought to identify social or clinical factors amenable to intervention that predict virological outcomes after 12 months of ART. We examined a retrospective cohort of consecutive adults initiating free nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase i…
Informing the development of an online self-management program for men living with HIV
The findings from this needs assessment highlight the need to target socio-emotional contexts of HIV positive men's daily lives to improve quality of life and well-being. Intervention priorities for the proposed online self-management program include: (1) managing the emotional impact of HIV; (2) disclosing HIV status to family and friends; (3) maintaining social connectedness; (4) managing HIV within intimate relationships; and (5) disclosure of…
The positive outlook study- a randomised controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness of an online self-management program targeting psychosocial issues for men living with HIV
ACTRN12612000642886
Lessons from abroad
This paper considers attempts to import pedagogic practices from other educational systems. In so doing, it focuses upon policymakers’ attempts to: (a) import interactive whole class teaching approaches to the UK (and, to a lesser extent, the US); and (b) export learner-centred pedagogies, largely derived from Anglo-American theorising and practice, to industrialised and developing countries that often vary greatly in educational performance. The…
Leaders’ smiles reflect cultural differences in ideal affect
Cultures differ in the emotions they teach their members to value ("ideal affect"). We conducted 3 studies to examine whether leaders' smiles reflect these cultural differences in ideal affect. In Study 1, we compared the smiles of top-ranked American and Chinese government leaders, chief executive officers, and university presidents in their official photos. Consistent with findings that Americans value excitement and other high-arousal positive…
The Positive Outlook Study
Chronic Disease Self-Management by People With HIV
As HIV has transitioned into a chronic disease, reappraisal of clinical management has occurred with chronic disease self-management (CDSM) as one possibility. However, despite extensive work on CDSM across a range of diseases, little attention has focused on psychosocial contexts of the lives of people for whom programs are intended. This article reports semi-structured interviews used to explore health practices and motivations of 33 people wit…
Psychology (21 works) · Political science (16 works) · Sociology (15 works) · Pedagogy (13 works) · Social Psychology (11 works) · Developmental psychology (9 works) · Medicine (8 works) · Social Psychology (8 works) · HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions (7 works) · Psychiatry (7 works)