Christopher Carroll
Biographic Data
| ID | 3658914 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Christopher Carroll |
| GIVEN NAMES | Christopher |
| FAMILY NAME | Carroll |
| SIGNATURE | CARROLL C |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Sheffield |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-6361-6182 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 11 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 13 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 11 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1999 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 2 |
Clinical and cost‐effectiveness of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing for treatment and prevention of post‐traumatic stress disorder in adults
The objective was to provide up‐to‐date clinical and cost‐effectiveness evidence investigating eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) for treatment or prevention of adult post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cost‐effectiveness studies assessing PTSD symptoms in adults, published since the NICE 2018 guidelines. EMDR was compared with trauma‐focused‐cognitiv…
“Best fit” framework synthesis
BACKGROUND: Following publication of the first worked example of the "best fit" method of evidence synthesis for the systematic review of qualitative evidence in this journal, the originators of the method identified a need to specify more fully some aspects of this particular derivative of framework synthesis. METHODS AND RESULTS: We therefore present a second such worked example in which all techniques are defined and explained, and their appro…
A qualitative evidence synthesis of employees’ views of workplace smoking reduction or cessation interventions
The synthesis suggests that workplace interventions should employ a range of different elements if they are to prove effective in reducing smoking among employees. This is because an employee who feels ready and able to change their behaviour has different needs and preferences from an employee who is not at that stage. Only a multi-faceted intervention can satisfy the requirements of all employees
Desperately Seeking Dissonance
Actively seeking the disconfirming or deviant case is properly regarded as a hallmark of trustworthiness in primary qualitative research. The need to subject emergent theory to such testing is no less important within qualitative systematic reviews. There is, as yet, little available guidance on how to implement such strategies. Few researchers have described the practicalities of seeking the disconfirming case. We survey the methodological liter…
Should We Exclude Inadequately Reported Studies From Qualitative Systematic Reviews? An Evaluation of Sensitivity Analyses in Two Case Study Reviews
The role of critical appraisal of qualitative studies in systematic reviews remains an ongoing cause for debate. Key to such a debate is whether quality assessment can or should be used to exclude studies. In our study, we extended the use of existing criteria to assess the quality of reporting of studies included in two qualitative systematic reviews. We then excluded studies deemed to be inadequately reported from the subsequent analysis. We te…
A conceptual framework for implementation fidelity
BACKGROUND: Implementation fidelity refers to the degree to which an intervention or programme is delivered as intended. Only by understanding and measuring whether an intervention has been implemented with fidelity can researchers and practitioners gain a better understanding of how and why an intervention works, and the extent to which outcomes can be improved. DISCUSSION: The authors undertook a critical review of existing conceptualisations o…
Tackling health inequalities
Government and sector leadership were critical to the success of the workshops and subsequent changes in policy and practice. The use of locally adapted equity tools, requiring participants to develop action plans, and using a case study to focus discussion were important to the success for the training. Using institutional theory was helpful in analysing how drivers of inequalities, such as racism, are built into health institutions. This New Ze…
Bridging the gap
The move to more evidence-based practice has been a recent and much-advocated feature of public policy, especially in health and social care. An essential element of this approach is to make available summaries of evidence in an understandable form, which can then be used to support decision-making in planning and practice. The present paper describes the development of just such a set of information digests for the health and social care interfa…
Health and psychosocial consequences of abrupt economic change
Macroeconomic Expectations of Households and Professional Forecasters
Economists have long emphasized the importance of expectations in determining macroeconomic outcomes. Yet there has been almost no recent effort to model actual empirical expectations data; instead, macroeconomists usually simply assume that expectations are "rational." This paper shows that while empirical household expectations are not rational in the usual sense, expectational dynamics are well captured by a model in which households' views de…
Does Cultural Origin Affect Saving Behavior? Evidence from Immigrants
Desperately Seeking Dissonance
Actively seeking the disconfirming or deviant case is properly regarded as a hallmark of trustworthiness in primary qualitative research. The need to subject emergent theory to such testing is no less important within qualitative systematic reviews. There is, as yet, little available guidance on how to implement such strategies. Few researchers have described the practicalities of seeking the disconfirming case. We survey the methodological liter…
Does Cultural Origin Affect Saving Behavior? Evidence from Immigrants
Does Cultural Origin Affect Saving Behavior? Evidence from Immigrants
Macroeconomic Expectations of Households and Professional Forecasters
Economists have long emphasized the importance of expectations in determining macroeconomic outcomes. Yet there has been almost no recent effort to model actual empirical expectations data; instead, macroeconomists usually simply assume that expectations are "rational." This paper shows that while empirical household expectations are not rational in the usual sense, expectational dynamics are well captured by a model in which households' views de…
Health and psychosocial consequences of abrupt economic change
Bridging the gap
The move to more evidence-based practice has been a recent and much-advocated feature of public policy, especially in health and social care. An essential element of this approach is to make available summaries of evidence in an understandable form, which can then be used to support decision-making in planning and practice. The present paper describes the development of just such a set of information digests for the health and social care interfa…
A conceptual framework for implementation fidelity
BACKGROUND: Implementation fidelity refers to the degree to which an intervention or programme is delivered as intended. Only by understanding and measuring whether an intervention has been implemented with fidelity can researchers and practitioners gain a better understanding of how and why an intervention works, and the extent to which outcomes can be improved. DISCUSSION: The authors undertook a critical review of existing conceptualisations o…
Tackling health inequalities
Government and sector leadership were critical to the success of the workshops and subsequent changes in policy and practice. The use of locally adapted equity tools, requiring participants to develop action plans, and using a case study to focus discussion were important to the success for the training. Using institutional theory was helpful in analysing how drivers of inequalities, such as racism, are built into health institutions. This New Ze…
Should We Exclude Inadequately Reported Studies From Qualitative Systematic Reviews? An Evaluation of Sensitivity Analyses in Two Case Study Reviews
The role of critical appraisal of qualitative studies in systematic reviews remains an ongoing cause for debate. Key to such a debate is whether quality assessment can or should be used to exclude studies. In our study, we extended the use of existing criteria to assess the quality of reporting of studies included in two qualitative systematic reviews. We then excluded studies deemed to be inadequately reported from the subsequent analysis. We te…
“Best fit” framework synthesis
BACKGROUND: Following publication of the first worked example of the "best fit" method of evidence synthesis for the systematic review of qualitative evidence in this journal, the originators of the method identified a need to specify more fully some aspects of this particular derivative of framework synthesis. METHODS AND RESULTS: We therefore present a second such worked example in which all techniques are defined and explained, and their appro…
A qualitative evidence synthesis of employees’ views of workplace smoking reduction or cessation interventions
The synthesis suggests that workplace interventions should employ a range of different elements if they are to prove effective in reducing smoking among employees. This is because an employee who feels ready and able to change their behaviour has different needs and preferences from an employee who is not at that stage. Only a multi-faceted intervention can satisfy the requirements of all employees
Desperately Seeking Dissonance
Actively seeking the disconfirming or deviant case is properly regarded as a hallmark of trustworthiness in primary qualitative research. The need to subject emergent theory to such testing is no less important within qualitative systematic reviews. There is, as yet, little available guidance on how to implement such strategies. Few researchers have described the practicalities of seeking the disconfirming case. We survey the methodological liter…
Clinical and cost‐effectiveness of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing for treatment and prevention of post‐traumatic stress disorder in adults
The objective was to provide up‐to‐date clinical and cost‐effectiveness evidence investigating eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) for treatment or prevention of adult post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cost‐effectiveness studies assessing PTSD symptoms in adults, published since the NICE 2018 guidelines. EMDR was compared with trauma‐focused‐cognitiv…
Medicine (6 works) · Political science (6 works) · Sociology (6 works) · Nursing (5 works) · Psychology (5 works) · Computer Science (4 works) · Health Policy Implementation Science (4 works) · Qualitative research (4 works) · Economics (3 works) · Engineering (3 works)