Justin Cruickshank
Biographic Data
| ID | 3659552 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Justin Cruickshank |
| GIVEN NAMES | Justin |
| FAMILY NAME | Cruickshank |
| SIGNATURE | CRUICKSHANK J |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Birmingham |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 21 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 63 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 20 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 1 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2000 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2020 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
Solidarity, critique and techno-science: Evaluating Rorty’s pragmatism, Freire’s critical pedagogy and Vattimo’s philosophical hermeneutics
The critique of metaphysics can often entail a critique of liberalism. Rorty sought a revolutionary paradigm shift in philosophy and the broader humanities, by linking the rejection of metaphysics to a justification for liberal democracy and reformism. He believed that the recognition of socio-historical contingency concerning interpretations of fundamental values and of truth, combined with a humanities education, would create a sense of solidar…
Putting Business at the Heart of Higher Education: On Neoliberal Interventionism and Audit Culture in UK Universities
Neoliberalism is a form of interventionism that seeks to pursue elite – corporate – interests. This means constructing a market rationality and constructing markets to better meet what the state takes to be elite interests. In the first phase of neoliberal interventionism in English higher education maintenance grants were replaced with loans, the National Student Survey was introduced to measure ‘satisfaction’, and the inadvertent creation of a …
Dialogue and the development of ideas in the political and social sciences: From critical realism to problem-solving via Colin Hay and the rejection of the epistemic fallacy
Colin Hay’s extensive work on politics helps illustrate that ideas can have significant traction of their own which inhibits change. Therefore, accounts of conceptual development in the political and social sciences should examine the possibility of slow dialogue, as a form of communication hospitable to innovation. For critical realism, justified explanations must avoid the ‘epistemic fallacy’ of conflating ontological questions about what reali…
Democracy versus the Domination of Instrumental Rationality: Defending Dewey’s Argument for Democracy as an Ethical Way of Life
For some, the problem with the domination of instrumental rationality is the tendency towards anomie. However, this fails to recognise the instrumental use of norms by elite groups to manipulate public opinion. Such manipulation can then allow elite groups to treat the citizenry as a means for the pursuit of their self-interest. Horkheimer was one of the first to recognise the problem in this form, but was unable to offer any solution because he …
Structures, Agents and Criticism: Assessing Bhaskar's Fact-To-Value and Value-To-Fact Arguments
Most discussion about critical realism concerns the concepts of structure and agency. This neglects Bhaskar's arguments about facts and values. Bhaskar argues that we can move from facts to values with ‘explanatory critiques’ and from values to facts with ‘descriptively adequate’ accounts of ‘value impregnated’ events. The argument in this article is that both of Bhaskar's arguments are untenable and that the alternative is the value-to-value arg…
Knowing Social Reality: A Critique of Bhaskar and Archer’s Attempt to Derive a Social Ontology from Lay Knowledge
Critical realists argue that the condition of possibility of the sciences is that they are based on a correct set of ontological assumptions or definitions. The task of philosophy is to underlabor for the sciences, by ensuring that the explanations developed are congruent with the ontological condition of possibility of the sciences. This requires critical realists to justify their claims about ontology and, to do this, they turn to ontological a…
Some Realistic Considerations on the Death of Philosophy
The Usefulness of Fallibilism in Post-Positivist Philosophy: A Popperian Critique of Critical Realism
Sayer argues that Popper defended a logicist philosophy of science. The problem with such logicism is that it creates what is termed here as a `truncated foundationalism', which restricts epistemic certainty to the logical form of scientific theories whilst having nothing to say about their substantive contents. Against this it is argued that critical realism, which Sayer advocates, produces a linguistic version of truncated foundationalism and t…
A critical realist approach to understanding and evaluating heart health programmes
Secondary prevention programmes for Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) aim to reduce cardiovascular risks and promote health in people with heart disease. Though programmes have been associated with health improvements in study populations, access to programmes remains low, and quality and effectiveness is highly variable. Current guidelines propose significant modifications to programmes, but existing research provides little insight into why programm…
Seeking the Tower of Babel
Postdisciplinarity and the Study of Lay Normativity: Re-theorising Class in Social Science
(2006). Postdisciplinarity and the Study of Lay Normativity. Journal of Critical Realism: Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 110-121
Response to Neil Curry's Review of Realism And Sociology
Response to Neil Curry's Review of Realism And Sociology
Critical Visions: New Directions in Social Theory
A Tale of Two Ontologies: An Immanent Critique of Critical Realism
In this article is it argued that critical realism has two mutually exclusive definitions of ontology. Ontology is defined as both a fallible interpretation of reality and as a definitive definition of a reality beyond our knowledge claims. A slippage in meaning occurs from the former to the latter, as critical realists try to justify the claim that their ontology ought to supply the terms of reference for all scientific research. Rather than def…
Critical Realism: The Difference it Makes
Justin Cruickshank Introduction Part I: The Self - Method and Ethics 1. Margaret S. Archer The Private Life of the Social Agent: What Difference Does it Make? 2. Nick Hostettler and Alan Norrie Are Critical Realist Ethics Foundationalist? Part II: Social Science and Critique after the Linguistic Turn 3. Caroline New Feminism, Critical Realism and the Linguistic Turn 4. Jose Lopez Critical Realism: The Difference it Makes in Theory 5. Peter E. Jon…
Realism and Sociology: Anti-foundationalism, ontology and social research
Critical Realism and Critical Philosophy: On the Usefulness of Philosophical Problems
(2002). Critical Realism and Critical Philosophy. Journal of Critical Realism: Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 49-66
Ontology and Nominalism: On the Case for Critical Realism
(2002). Ontology and Nominalism: On the Case for Critical Realism. Journal of Critical Realism: Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 165-167
Realism and sociology: Anti-Foundationalism, Ontology, and Social Research
Ethnocentrism, Social Contract Liberalism and Positivistic-Conservatism: Rorty's Three Theses on Politics
A Tale of Two Ontologies: An Immanent Critique of Critical Realism
In this article is it argued that critical realism has two mutually exclusive definitions of ontology. Ontology is defined as both a fallible interpretation of reality and as a definitive definition of a reality beyond our knowledge claims. A slippage in meaning occurs from the former to the latter, as critical realists try to justify the claim that their ontology ought to supply the terms of reference for all scientific research. Rather than def…
Realism and Sociology: Anti-foundationalism, ontology and social research
A critical realist approach to understanding and evaluating heart health programmes
Secondary prevention programmes for Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) aim to reduce cardiovascular risks and promote health in people with heart disease. Though programmes have been associated with health improvements in study populations, access to programmes remains low, and quality and effectiveness is highly variable. Current guidelines propose significant modifications to programmes, but existing research provides little insight into why programm…
Knowing Social Reality: A Critique of Bhaskar and Archer’s Attempt to Derive a Social Ontology from Lay Knowledge
Critical realists argue that the condition of possibility of the sciences is that they are based on a correct set of ontological assumptions or definitions. The task of philosophy is to underlabor for the sciences, by ensuring that the explanations developed are congruent with the ontological condition of possibility of the sciences. This requires critical realists to justify their claims about ontology and, to do this, they turn to ontological a…
The Usefulness of Fallibilism in Post-Positivist Philosophy: A Popperian Critique of Critical Realism
Sayer argues that Popper defended a logicist philosophy of science. The problem with such logicism is that it creates what is termed here as a `truncated foundationalism', which restricts epistemic certainty to the logical form of scientific theories whilst having nothing to say about their substantive contents. Against this it is argued that critical realism, which Sayer advocates, produces a linguistic version of truncated foundationalism and t…
Structures, Agents and Criticism: Assessing Bhaskar's Fact-To-Value and Value-To-Fact Arguments
Most discussion about critical realism concerns the concepts of structure and agency. This neglects Bhaskar's arguments about facts and values. Bhaskar argues that we can move from facts to values with ‘explanatory critiques’ and from values to facts with ‘descriptively adequate’ accounts of ‘value impregnated’ events. The argument in this article is that both of Bhaskar's arguments are untenable and that the alternative is the value-to-value arg…
Ethnocentrism, Social Contract Liberalism and Positivistic-Conservatism: Rorty's Three Theses on Politics
Critical Realism and Critical Philosophy: On the Usefulness of Philosophical Problems
(2002). Critical Realism and Critical Philosophy. Journal of Critical Realism: Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 49-66
Ontology and Nominalism: On the Case for Critical Realism
(2002). Ontology and Nominalism: On the Case for Critical Realism. Journal of Critical Realism: Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 165-167
Realism and sociology: Anti-Foundationalism, Ontology, and Social Research
Critical Realism: The Difference it Makes
Justin Cruickshank Introduction Part I: The Self - Method and Ethics 1. Margaret S. Archer The Private Life of the Social Agent: What Difference Does it Make? 2. Nick Hostettler and Alan Norrie Are Critical Realist Ethics Foundationalist? Part II: Social Science and Critique after the Linguistic Turn 3. Caroline New Feminism, Critical Realism and the Linguistic Turn 4. Jose Lopez Critical Realism: The Difference it Makes in Theory 5. Peter E. Jon…
Realism and Sociology: Anti-foundationalism, ontology and social research
Response to Neil Curry's Review of Realism And Sociology
Response to Neil Curry's Review of Realism And Sociology
Critical Visions: New Directions in Social Theory
A Tale of Two Ontologies: An Immanent Critique of Critical Realism
In this article is it argued that critical realism has two mutually exclusive definitions of ontology. Ontology is defined as both a fallible interpretation of reality and as a definitive definition of a reality beyond our knowledge claims. A slippage in meaning occurs from the former to the latter, as critical realists try to justify the claim that their ontology ought to supply the terms of reference for all scientific research. Rather than def…
Postdisciplinarity and the Study of Lay Normativity: Re-theorising Class in Social Science
(2006). Postdisciplinarity and the Study of Lay Normativity. Journal of Critical Realism: Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 110-121
The Usefulness of Fallibilism in Post-Positivist Philosophy: A Popperian Critique of Critical Realism
Sayer argues that Popper defended a logicist philosophy of science. The problem with such logicism is that it creates what is termed here as a `truncated foundationalism', which restricts epistemic certainty to the logical form of scientific theories whilst having nothing to say about their substantive contents. Against this it is argued that critical realism, which Sayer advocates, produces a linguistic version of truncated foundationalism and t…
A critical realist approach to understanding and evaluating heart health programmes
Secondary prevention programmes for Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) aim to reduce cardiovascular risks and promote health in people with heart disease. Though programmes have been associated with health improvements in study populations, access to programmes remains low, and quality and effectiveness is highly variable. Current guidelines propose significant modifications to programmes, but existing research provides little insight into why programm…
Seeking the Tower of Babel
Some Realistic Considerations on the Death of Philosophy
Knowing Social Reality: A Critique of Bhaskar and Archer’s Attempt to Derive a Social Ontology from Lay Knowledge
Critical realists argue that the condition of possibility of the sciences is that they are based on a correct set of ontological assumptions or definitions. The task of philosophy is to underlabor for the sciences, by ensuring that the explanations developed are congruent with the ontological condition of possibility of the sciences. This requires critical realists to justify their claims about ontology and, to do this, they turn to ontological a…
Structures, Agents and Criticism: Assessing Bhaskar's Fact-To-Value and Value-To-Fact Arguments
Most discussion about critical realism concerns the concepts of structure and agency. This neglects Bhaskar's arguments about facts and values. Bhaskar argues that we can move from facts to values with ‘explanatory critiques’ and from values to facts with ‘descriptively adequate’ accounts of ‘value impregnated’ events. The argument in this article is that both of Bhaskar's arguments are untenable and that the alternative is the value-to-value arg…
Democracy versus the Domination of Instrumental Rationality: Defending Dewey’s Argument for Democracy as an Ethical Way of Life
For some, the problem with the domination of instrumental rationality is the tendency towards anomie. However, this fails to recognise the instrumental use of norms by elite groups to manipulate public opinion. Such manipulation can then allow elite groups to treat the citizenry as a means for the pursuit of their self-interest. Horkheimer was one of the first to recognise the problem in this form, but was unable to offer any solution because he …
Putting Business at the Heart of Higher Education: On Neoliberal Interventionism and Audit Culture in UK Universities
Neoliberalism is a form of interventionism that seeks to pursue elite – corporate – interests. This means constructing a market rationality and constructing markets to better meet what the state takes to be elite interests. In the first phase of neoliberal interventionism in English higher education maintenance grants were replaced with loans, the National Student Survey was introduced to measure ‘satisfaction’, and the inadvertent creation of a …
Dialogue and the development of ideas in the political and social sciences: From critical realism to problem-solving via Colin Hay and the rejection of the epistemic fallacy
Colin Hay’s extensive work on politics helps illustrate that ideas can have significant traction of their own which inhibits change. Therefore, accounts of conceptual development in the political and social sciences should examine the possibility of slow dialogue, as a form of communication hospitable to innovation. For critical realism, justified explanations must avoid the ‘epistemic fallacy’ of conflating ontological questions about what reali…
Solidarity, critique and techno-science: Evaluating Rorty’s pragmatism, Freire’s critical pedagogy and Vattimo’s philosophical hermeneutics
The critique of metaphysics can often entail a critique of liberalism. Rorty sought a revolutionary paradigm shift in philosophy and the broader humanities, by linking the rejection of metaphysics to a justification for liberal democracy and reformism. He believed that the recognition of socio-historical contingency concerning interpretations of fundamental values and of truth, combined with a humanities education, would create a sense of solidar…
Epistemology (17 works) · Sociology (17 works) · Philosophy (14 works) · Realism (12 works) · Contemporary Sociological Theory and Practice (9 works) · Philosophy (8 works) · Critical Realism in Sociology (7 works) · Political science (7 works) · Critical Theory and Philosophy (6 works) · Law (5 works)