Jonathan Harwood
Biographic Data
| ID | 3660487 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Jonathan Harwood |
| GIVEN NAMES | Jonathan |
| FAMILY NAME | Harwood |
| SIGNATURE | HARWOOD J |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Manchester |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-8272-5416 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 38 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 105 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 38 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1975 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2024 |
| H-INDEX | 6 |
The forgotten history of intercropping
Societal Impact Statement Over the last 50 years, the practice of ‘intercropping’ (planting a mixture of several crops on the same field) has drawn growing attention in crop science. Given its high yields but low requirement for fertiliser or pesticides, it offers considerable advantages over conventional ‘industrial’ agriculture. Nevertheless, although research on intercropping has been conducted since the late 19th century, that work became lar…
Reflecting Upon the Past? Development Studies’ Ambivalent Relation to History
It has often been pointed out that development policy takes little notice of the history of development. Given the pressures under which policymakers have to operate, this is perhaps not altogether surprising. Occasionally, however, it is also suggested that Development Studies as a discipline also lacks a thorough-going appreciation of history. In view of the importance of historical perspective for any policy-relevant field, this claim deserves…
Fascist Pigs: Technoscientific Organisms and the History of Fascism
Sciendo provides publishing services and solutions to academic and professional organizations and individual authors. We publish journals, books, conference proceedings and a variety of other publications
Green Revolution
The “Green Revolution” (GR) was a set of agricultural development programs in the global South after 1945. Devised by US foundations and Western governments, their aim was to alleviate poverty and hunger by increasing food production. Although welcomed by many Southern governments, by 1970 it had become apparent that although the GR had raised production substantially, its impact on poverty was modest. From the 1970s, accordingly, both GR policy …
The green revolution as a process of global circulation: Plants, people and practices
The “Green Revolution” (GR) is often portrayed as a humanitarian development programme in which crop varieties, cultivation practices and expertise were transferred essentially from global North to South. In this paper, however, I argue that this picture is seriously misleading for two reasons. First, it overlooks the significance of circulation between these regions. Several of the innovations central to the GR’s high-yielding varieties of wheat…
Agricultural Enlightenment: Knowledge, Technology and Nature, 1750–1840, by Peter M. Jones
This is an impressive and ambitious work of comparative history which draws upon sources in three languages, as well as a range of literatures, in tackling a major historiographical issue. The aim of the author, Peter M. Jones, is to counter economistic interpretations of the revolution in European agriculture c.1750–1850 by making a case for the importance of ideas, knowledge and practices: the ‘agricultural enlightenment’. This broad category e…
Useful Sciences: Ursula Klein, Nützliches Wissen
“Useful Sciences”? Ursula Klein, Nützliches Wissen Jonathan Harwood (bio) In the last few years Ursula Klein, the historian of science and technology, has published two books on late-eighteenth- and early-nineteenth-century science and technology in German-speaking Europe that have important implications for our understanding of the relationships between science and technology. In the first of these, Humboldts Preussen: Wissenschaft und Technik i…
Managing the Quiet Crisis
At a time when many are watching the economic development of India with interest, this book, on the history of that process since independence, is certainly topical. And while most histories of development tend to focus upon a limited aspect of the phenomenon, Corinna R. Unger offers a broad perspective, covering not only rural development and industrialization but also urbanization and population policy. In order to make such a huge task managea…
Has the Green Revolution been a Cumulative Learning Process
Most members of the development community take for granted that policy should be evidence-based. Accordingly declarations of the need to ‘learn the lessons of history’ are a commonplace in the literature. At the same time there are also indications that this task is not usually taken very seriously in policy formulation. Summarising the history of peasant-friendly plant breeding from Central Europe around 1900 to the global South today, this pape…
Understanding Academic Drift: On the Institutional Dynamics of Higher Technical and Professional Education
Heredity reconceived
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Peasant Friendly Plant Breeding and the Early Years of the Green Revolution in Mexico
Despite their success in boosting cereals production overall, the Green Revolution programs of the 1950s and 1960s were often criticized for failing to achieve their declared aim of alleviating world hunger. Most critics argued that the programs had produced a technology unsuited to the needs of small peasant farmers. This paper explores why such inappropriate technology might have been developed, focusing on the early years of the Rockefeller Fo…
Nützliche Schädlinge: Angewandte Entomologie, chemische Industrie und Landwirtschaftspolitik in der Schweiz, 1874–1952 (review)
Reviewed by: Nützliche Schädlinge: Angewandte Entomologie, Chemische Industrie, und Landwirtschaftspolitik in der Schweiz, 1874–1952 Jonathan Harwood (bio) Nützliche Schädlinge: Angewandte Entomologie, Chemische Industrie, und Landwirtschaftspolitik in der Schweiz, 1874–1952. By Lukas Straumann . Zurich: Chronos Verlag, 2005 Pp. 392. €32. Drawing on work in the social construction of technology, Lukas Straumann poses the question, How and why did…
Bernd Gausemeier. Natürliche Ordnungen und politische Allianzen: Biologische und biochemische Forschung an Kaiser‐Wilhelm‐Instituten, 1933–1945 . (Geschichte der Kaiser‐Wilhelm‐Gesellschaft im Nationa…
Nazi Science: A Peculiar Path
Engineering Education between Science and Practice: Rethinking the Historiography
The literature on 19th and early 20th century engineering education reveals two quite general phenomena: in several countries (a) curricula have varied widely among engineering colleges with some of them strongly ‘science‐oriented’ while others were more ‘practice‐oriented’; and (b) at certain times and places the curriculum has tended to shift away from ‘practice’ and toward ‘science’ (a process sometimes known as ‘academic drift’). In this pape…
Züchten, Säen, Ernten: Agrarpolitik, Pflanzenzucht und Saatgutwesen in der Schweiz, 1860–2002“Wir beherrschen den Pflanzlichen Organismus Besser . . .” Wissenschaftliche Pflanzenzüchtung in Deutschlan…
Book Review| October 01 2006 Züchten, Säen, Ernten: Agrarpolitik, Pflanzenzucht und Saatgutwesen in der Schweiz, 1860–2002“Wir beherrschen den Pflanzlichen Organismus Besser . . .” Wissenschaftliche Pflanzenzüchtung in Deutschland 1889-1945 Züchten, Säen, Ernten: Agrarpolitik, Pflanzenzucht und Saatgutwesen in der Schweiz, 1860–2002. Peter Moser.“Wir beherrschen den Pflanzlichen Organismus Besser . . .” Wissenschaftliche Pflanzenzüchtung in Deuts…
Die Entstehung der Synthetischen Theorie: Beitrage zur Geschichte der Evolutionsbiologie in Deutschland 1930-1950 . Thomas Junker, Eve-Marie Engels
Short Reviews
Journal Article Short Reviews Get access Änne Bäumer, Bibliography of the History Biology, Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang 1997. Pp. xi + 307. £40. ISBN 3-631-32261-5. JONATHAN HARWOOD JONATHAN HARWOOD Wellcome Unit for the History of Medicine, University of Manchester Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Social History of Medicine, Volume 11, Issue 2, August 1998, Pages 350-b–350, https://doi.org/10.1093/…
Essay Review: Holistic Theories of Mind in Early Twentieth-Century Germany, Reenchanted Science: Holism in German Culture from Wilhelm II to Hitler, Gestalt Psychology in German Culture, 1890–1967: Ho…
Controlling human heredity: 1865 To the present; the Nazi connection: Eugenics, American racism, and German national socialism
Weimar Culture and Biological Theory: A Study of Richard Woltereck (1877-1944)
En replacant la vie et les travaux de Woltereck (R.) dans le contexte de la culture allemande de la fin du XIX e siecle et du debut du XX e , l'A. demontre l'impact de la valeur historiographique sur l'histoire de la biologie de la Republique de Weimar
Institutional innovation in fin de siècle Germany
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Mandarins and Outsiders in the German Professoriate, 1890-1933: A Study of the Genetics Community
Styles of Science
In this book, Fruton identifies two basic ways in which large research groups in biochemistry were organized at nineteenth-century German universities. Some groups were organized in 'quasi-military' fashion, with the professor assigning his students and post-doctoral fellows to work on particular aspects of one giant project and often publishing their work under his name only. Other laboratories were run along more egalitarian lines: the professo…
Ludwik Fleck and the Sociology of Knowledge
Understanding Academic Drift: On the Institutional Dynamics of Higher Technical and Professional Education
National Styles in Science: Genetics in Germany and the United States between the World Wars
Race Differences in Intelligence
Peasant Friendly Plant Breeding and the Early Years of the Green Revolution in Mexico
Despite their success in boosting cereals production overall, the Green Revolution programs of the 1950s and 1960s were often criticized for failing to achieve their declared aim of alleviating world hunger. Most critics argued that the programs had produced a technology unsuited to the needs of small peasant farmers. This paper explores why such inappropriate technology might have been developed, focusing on the early years of the Rockefeller Fo…
The Race-Intelligence Controversy: A Sociological Approach II — 'External' Factors
As I argued in the predecessor to this paper (referred to below as 'Part I'),1 one cannot understand the recent phase of the race-intelligence controversy without considering the professional backgrounds and disciplinary allegiances of the protagonists. In general, those adopting the hereditarian position have been either behaviourist psychologists or scientists from biologically-oriented research areas. The environmentalists, in contrast, tend t…
The green revolution as a process of global circulation: Plants, people and practices
The “Green Revolution” (GR) is often portrayed as a humanitarian development programme in which crop varieties, cultivation practices and expertise were transferred essentially from global North to South. In this paper, however, I argue that this picture is seriously misleading for two reasons. First, it overlooks the significance of circulation between these regions. Several of the innovations central to the GR’s high-yielding varieties of wheat…
The Race-Intelligence Controversy: A Sociological Approach I — Professional Factors
For over fifty years scientists, particularly in the United States, have disagreed over the interpretation of a common observation: that American whites score on average about fifteen points higher on standardized tests of intelligence ('IQ tests') than do American Negroes. Although many scientists familiar with the arguments have not committed themselves on the issue, several have perceived the data as favouring either an 'hereditarian' or an 'e…
Fascist Pigs: Technoscientific Organisms and the History of Fascism
Sciendo provides publishing services and solutions to academic and professional organizations and individual authors. We publish journals, books, conference proceedings and a variety of other publications
Essay Review: Holistic Theories of Mind in Early Twentieth-Century Germany, Reenchanted Science: Holism in German Culture from Wilhelm II to Hitler, Gestalt Psychology in German Culture, 1890–1967: Ho…
Genetics, Eugenics and Evolution
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0007087400026145
American Academic Opinion and Social Change: Recent developments in the nature‐nurture controversy
(1982). American Academic Opinion and Social Change: recent developments in the nature‐nurture controversy. Oxford Review of Education: Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 41-67
The Sociology of Science: Problems, Approaches and Research
The Race Concept
The Race-Intelligence Controversy: A Sociological Approach I — Professional Factors
For over fifty years scientists, particularly in the United States, have disagreed over the interpretation of a common observation: that American whites score on average about fifteen points higher on standardized tests of intelligence ('IQ tests') than do American Negroes. Although many scientists familiar with the arguments have not committed themselves on the issue, several have perceived the data as favouring either an 'hereditarian' or an 'e…
The Race Concept
Race Differences in Intelligence
The Race-Intelligence Controversy: A Sociological Approach II — 'External' Factors
As I argued in the predecessor to this paper (referred to below as 'Part I'),1 one cannot understand the recent phase of the race-intelligence controversy without considering the professional backgrounds and disciplinary allegiances of the protagonists. In general, those adopting the hereditarian position have been either behaviourist psychologists or scientists from biologically-oriented research areas. The environmentalists, in contrast, tend t…
The Sociology of Science: Problems, Approaches and Research
American Academic Opinion and Social Change: Recent developments in the nature‐nurture controversy
(1982). American Academic Opinion and Social Change: recent developments in the nature‐nurture controversy. Oxford Review of Education: Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 41-67
The IQ in History
For a while during the 1970s the race-intelligence controversy made Jensen and Eysenck household names on many British and American campuses. The extent of their political impact offcampus is difficult to judge, but the academic literature which they provoked is enormous. Initially it consisted of hundreds of technical discussions, largely confined to journals of psychology and education. From the mid-1970s, however, more detached perspectives on…
Ludwik Fleck and the Sociology of Knowledge
National Styles in Science: Genetics in Germany and the United States between the World Wars
Gesellschaftsstruktur als Analogie: Genetiker stellen sich die Zelle vor
In den 1920er und 1930er Jahren entstand eine heftige Diskussion unter deutschen Genetikern, inwieweit das Zytoplasma eine wichtige Rolle bei der Vererbung spiele. Für Vertreter des sogenannten ‘Kernmonopols’ waren es lediglich die Gene in den Chromosomen des Zellkerns, die den entscheidenden Einfluß auf die Entwicklung jeder Zelle hätten, während das Zytoplasma bloße Rohstoffe für die Gen‐Wirkung liefere. Für die Vertreter der ‘Plasmontheorie’ d…
Genetics, Eugenics and Evolution
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0007087400026145
Die Universität Göttingen unter dem Nationalsozialismus: Das Verdrängte Kapitel ihrer 250-jährigen Geschichte. Heinrich Becker , Hans-Joachim Dahms , Cornelia Wegeler
Styles of Science
In this book, Fruton identifies two basic ways in which large research groups in biochemistry were organized at nineteenth-century German universities. Some groups were organized in 'quasi-military' fashion, with the professor assigning his students and post-doctoral fellows to work on particular aspects of one giant project and often publishing their work under his name only. Other laboratories were run along more egalitarian lines: the professo…
Mandarins and Outsiders in the German Professoriate, 1890-1933: A Study of the Genetics Community
Institutional innovation in fin de siècle Germany
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Weimar Culture and Biological Theory: A Study of Richard Woltereck (1877-1944)
En replacant la vie et les travaux de Woltereck (R.) dans le contexte de la culture allemande de la fin du XIX e siecle et du debut du XX e , l'A. demontre l'impact de la valeur historiographique sur l'histoire de la biologie de la Republique de Weimar
Controlling human heredity: 1865 To the present; the Nazi connection: Eugenics, American racism, and German national socialism
Short Reviews
Journal Article Short Reviews Get access Änne Bäumer, Bibliography of the History Biology, Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang 1997. Pp. xi + 307. £40. ISBN 3-631-32261-5. JONATHAN HARWOOD JONATHAN HARWOOD Wellcome Unit for the History of Medicine, University of Manchester Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Social History of Medicine, Volume 11, Issue 2, August 1998, Pages 350-b–350, https://doi.org/10.1093/…
Essay Review: Holistic Theories of Mind in Early Twentieth-Century Germany, Reenchanted Science: Holism in German Culture from Wilhelm II to Hitler, Gestalt Psychology in German Culture, 1890–1967: Ho…
Die Entstehung der Synthetischen Theorie: Beitrage zur Geschichte der Evolutionsbiologie in Deutschland 1930-1950 . Thomas Junker, Eve-Marie Engels
Nazi Science: A Peculiar Path
Engineering Education between Science and Practice: Rethinking the Historiography
The literature on 19th and early 20th century engineering education reveals two quite general phenomena: in several countries (a) curricula have varied widely among engineering colleges with some of them strongly ‘science‐oriented’ while others were more ‘practice‐oriented’; and (b) at certain times and places the curriculum has tended to shift away from ‘practice’ and toward ‘science’ (a process sometimes known as ‘academic drift’). In this pape…
Züchten, Säen, Ernten: Agrarpolitik, Pflanzenzucht und Saatgutwesen in der Schweiz, 1860–2002“Wir beherrschen den Pflanzlichen Organismus Besser . . .” Wissenschaftliche Pflanzenzüchtung in Deutschlan…
Book Review| October 01 2006 Züchten, Säen, Ernten: Agrarpolitik, Pflanzenzucht und Saatgutwesen in der Schweiz, 1860–2002“Wir beherrschen den Pflanzlichen Organismus Besser . . .” Wissenschaftliche Pflanzenzüchtung in Deutschland 1889-1945 Züchten, Säen, Ernten: Agrarpolitik, Pflanzenzucht und Saatgutwesen in der Schweiz, 1860–2002. Peter Moser.“Wir beherrschen den Pflanzlichen Organismus Besser . . .” Wissenschaftliche Pflanzenzüchtung in Deuts…
Bernd Gausemeier. Natürliche Ordnungen und politische Allianzen: Biologische und biochemische Forschung an Kaiser‐Wilhelm‐Instituten, 1933–1945 . (Geschichte der Kaiser‐Wilhelm‐Gesellschaft im Nationa…
Sociology (23 works) · Political science (18 works) · Philosophy (14 works) · Epistemology (13 works) · History (11 works) · Law (10 works) · Philosophy (10 works) · Social science (9 works) · Art (8 works) · German (8 works)