Janet L Nelson
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 3663060 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Janet L Nelson |
| PRENOMES | Janet L |
| SOBRENOME | Nelson |
| ASSINATURA | NELSON J L |
| AFILIAÇÕES | King's College London |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 70 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 42 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 66 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 4 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1967 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2024 |
| ÍNDICE H | 3 |
Courts, Elites, and Gendered Power in the Early Middle Ages
Monks, Secular Men and Masculinity, c. 900
Rulers and Ruling Families in Early Medieval Europe
First published in 1999, the ideas and practices involved in early medieval royal family politics are the central theme of this collection of papers by Janet L. Nelson. She first examines King Alfred of Wessex (871-99) in the context of Anglo-Saxon conditions and in comparison with his Carolingian contemporaries. When tension and conflict within the royal family are highlighted, she argues that Alfred’s talents and political thought emerge the mo…
Rulers and Ruling Families in Early Medieval Europe
Charles le Chauve et les utilisations du savoir
Depuis peu Ton a redécouvert bien des aspects fondamentaux de la culture carolingienne. Qui donc, il y a trente ans seulement, se rendait compte de l&s;importance d&s;une école d&s;Auxerre ou d&s;une autre à Laon 1 ? L&s;intention, on le sait, de la Table Ronde du roi Arthur était de donner à tous un droit égal à parler; il en va ainsi dans ces Entretiens où nous pouvons échanger sur des questions et des hypothèses nouvelles, comme je vais faire …
King and Emperor
" King and Emperor takes on the compelling suspense of good detective work as well as good history."— The Wall Street Journal Charles I, often known as Charlemagne, is one of the most extraordinary figures ever to rule an empire. Driven by unremitting physical energy and intellectual curiosity, he was a man of many parts, a warlord and conqueror, a judge who promised "for each their law and justice," a defender of the Latin Church, a man of flesh…
The Medieval World
Ranging from Connacht to Constantinople and from Tynemouth to Timbuktu, the forty-four contributors to The Medieval World seek to bring the Middle Ages to life, offering definitive appraisals of the distinctive features of the period.
Medieval World
Women and Laws in Early Medieval Europe
This article examines the main ways in which early medieval lawmakers concerned themselves with women. Law codes put forward ideologically loaded representations of women, and they reflected concerns to ensure both their protection and their control by men. At the same time, they also dealt with highly practical issues and were subject to continual amendment as new and ever more complicated cases were brought before lawmakers. They reveal a confl…
Law and its applications
The term “law” has a deceptive consistency. It may be said to result from “a particular political ideology or even cosmology.” Yet even within a given tradition, geographical setting, or institutional context, its applications and meanings are far from consistent. To study law in history is to study change. The subject of this chapter, the law of the early medieval Church, or canon law, turns out to be a disparate and lumpy mix, resistant to cate…
The Cambridge History of Christianity
The key focus of this book is the vitality and dynamism of all aspects of Christian experience from late antiquity to the First Crusade. By putting the institutional and doctrinal history firmly in the context of Christianity's many cultural manifestations and lived formations everywhere from Afghanistan to Iceland, this volume of The Cambridge History of Christianity emphasizes the ever-changing, varied expressions of Christianity at both local …
Nobles and others
This contribution was conceived as an exploration of some of the ways in which the evident power of the medieval ceti dirigenti was created and maintained, as a good opportunity to do some hard thinking about what seemed and still seems to me to be one of the most important issues facing medievalists. The return on investment has turned out lower than expected, and I am now certain that better scholars have been here and returned, if not empty-ha…
Writing Medieval Biography, 750-1250
Medieval Polities and Modern Mentalities
This is a collection of influential and challenging essays by British medievalist Timothy Reuter, a perceptive and original thinker with extraordinary range who was equally at home in the Anglophone or German scholarly worlds. The 2006 book addresses three interconnected themes in the study of the history of the early and high Middle Ages. Firstly, historiography, the development of the modern study of the medieval past. How do our contemporary a…
Transactions of the Royal Historical Society Presidential Address
In the long ninth century, in both England and on the Continent, Christianity penetrated more deeply than before into social practice, as rulers and churchmen urged greater self-discipline on their people. This essay examines some of the ways in which the symbolism of bodily weakness, and reparability, was used to inscribe new ideas on minds, and new ideas impinged on the ways bodies were treated. Particularly close attention is paid to the evide…
England and the Continent in the Ninth Century
This essay aims to show that in England and on the Continent, ninth-century individuals and groups in a wide variety of social milieux from peasants to substantial landowners, and including women, had a strong sense of rights to status and property that were rational in something like the modern sense while surrounded by rituals that seem very un-modern. Un-modern, too, seem the terms on which rights were held, and the forms and contexts in which…
England and the Continent in the Ninth Century
This essay reviews the historiography of the Vikings, especially in England, from the nineteenth century onwards. Successive constructions of Vikings as ‘ancestors’ or ‘Others’ are shown to reveal more about quests for identity on the part of those who devised them than about ninth-century Scandinavians. In the rest of the essay, the interactions of Danish groups and individuals with Franks and Anglo-Saxons are examined in particular places and t…
Amicitia
The Dangers of Ritual
Nobles and Nobility in Medieval Europe
The Church and a Revaluation of Work in the Ninth Century
My title poses what may seem an unpromising question. Even to consider the possibility of such fundamental change in ecclesiastical perceptions in the very midst of the Dark Ages may seem anachronistic. After all, were not Christian attitudes to work already well and truly fixed? There is, for instance, the story of Adam and Eve from Genesis 3.16-19, as displayed in words and pictures in the mid-ninth-century Moutier-Grandval Bible: Unto the woma…
England and the Continent in the Ninth Century
This essay begins by celebrating the achievement of Wilhelm Levison, whose England and the Continent in the Eighth Century has both inspired and provoked new generations of explorers. The essay goes on to argue that the historiography of the earlier Middle Ages has been haunted by quests for the end of the Roman Empire. Recent attempts at periodisation, Marxist and other, have extended Rome's decline to span the ninth century, with the Carolingia…
Aachen as a place of power
Gender, Memory and Social Power
Two books are reviewed here, the first, by a historian of western Europe, Elisabeth van Houts, the second by a Byzantinist, Lynda Garland. Aspects of van Houts's book discussed are: the complementary roles of women and men in the production of historical writing; the role of women in the transmission of oral testimony, especially on genealogies and on property rights claimed through women; and the gender‐specificity of women's transmission of val…
Writing Early Medieval Biography
Janet L. Nelson begins with some reflections on biography generally, and on modern biographers' task and how they set about it, using the example of Hermione Lee on Virginia Woolf. She then addresses the question of whether/how the biography of an early medieval person might be writeable. She argues that it is, provided that there is a relatively large amount of available information of certain kinds - specifically (a) in a variety of genres; (b)…
King and Emperor
" King and Emperor takes on the compelling suspense of good detective work as well as good history."— The Wall Street Journal Charles I, often known as Charlemagne, is one of the most extraordinary figures ever to rule an empire. Driven by unremitting physical energy and intellectual curiosity, he was a man of many parts, a warlord and conqueror, a judge who promised "for each their law and justice," a defender of the Latin Church, a man of flesh…
Kingship, law and liturgy in the political thought of Hincmar of Rheims
Kingship, law and liturgy in the political thought of Hincmar of Rheims Get access JANET L. NELSON JANET L. NELSON King's CollegeLondon Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume XCII, Issue CCCLXIII, April 1977, Pages 241–279, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/XCII.CCCLXIII.241 Published: 01 April 1977
A King Across the Sea’
I BEGIN with the quotation in my title: ‘Alfred, a king across the sea’. It is actually a tenth-century label rather than a strictly contemporary one: it was used by Flodoard of Rheims in c. 960 when he summarized a letter sent to Alfred by Archbishop Fulk of Rheims in c. 890. How Fulk himself had addressed Alfred we don't know. But, according to Flodoard, what he said was ‘amicable’: he ex-pressed satisfaction on hearing of the appointment of a …
On the limits of the Carolingian renaissance
Einhard tells us that Charlemagne had a special liking for ‘those books of St Augustine called The City of God ’. If only he had told us why. Did Charlemagne demand readings from book 5 on the happy Christian emperors? Or was he, as Ladner suggests, particularly attracted by ‘the idea of a society embracing earth and heaven, a society which a man could join through personal renewal’? If Ladner is right, then, he tells us, we should talk not of a …
England and the Continent in the Ninth Century
This essay aims to show that in England and on the Continent, ninth-century individuals and groups in a wide variety of social milieux from peasants to substantial landowners, and including women, had a strong sense of rights to status and property that were rational in something like the modern sense while surrounded by rituals that seem very un-modern. Un-modern, too, seem the terms on which rights were held, and the forms and contexts in which…
England and the Continent in the Ninth Century
This essay reviews the historiography of the Vikings, especially in England, from the nineteenth century onwards. Successive constructions of Vikings as ‘ancestors’ or ‘Others’ are shown to reveal more about quests for identity on the part of those who devised them than about ninth-century Scandinavians. In the rest of the essay, the interactions of Danish groups and individuals with Franks and Anglo-Saxons are examined in particular places and t…
Gender, Memory and Social Power
Two books are reviewed here, the first, by a historian of western Europe, Elisabeth van Houts, the second by a Byzantinist, Lynda Garland. Aspects of van Houts's book discussed are: the complementary roles of women and men in the production of historical writing; the role of women in the transmission of oral testimony, especially on genealogies and on property rights claimed through women; and the gender‐specificity of women's transmission of val…
The Franks, the Martyrology of Usuard, and the Martyrs of Cordoba
The bodies of holy martyrs, which the Romans buried with fire, and mutilated by the sword, and tore apart by throwing them to wild beasts: these bodies the Franks have found, and enclosed in gold and precious stones. For the author of the longer prologue to Lex Salica , writing in 763–4 in the reign of Pippin I, the first king of the Carolingian dynasty, the Franks’ devotion to the martyrs was the secret of their success. It proved the strength o…
Women and the Word in the Earlier Middle Ages
It is a characteristic merit of Richard Southern—recently voted the historians’ historian in The Observer —that as long ago as 1970, in Western Society and the Church , he devoted some luminous pages to ‘the influence of women in religious life’. Though these pages nestle in a chapter called ‘Fringe orders and anti-orders’, twenty years ago such labels were not pejorative. Southern made women emblematic of what could be called a pendulum-swing th…
The problematic in the private
Paul Veyne (ed.), A History of Private Life from Pagan Rome to Byzantium, vol. 1 of Philippe Aries and Georges Duby (eds), A History of Private Life (1987), ix + 670 (Cambridge, Mass, and London, Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, £24.95)
The Church’s Military Service in the Ninth Century
‘Comparisons are odorous’. Modern historians, far from sharing Dogberry’s repugnance, have found the scent of the comparative method irresistible. ‘Perhaps even the future of our discipline’ depended on its pursuit, wrote Marc Bloch in 1928. Since then, comparison has become fashionable enough, and hardly remarkable in our contemporaries’ work. Remarkable it certainly is, however, in the ninth century. I would like to begin by quoting a passage w…
Charles the Bald and the Church in Town and Countryside
‘The church in town and countryside’ is a fruitful theme. But for early medievalists it is an especially challenging one. We first have to establish our right to participate at all. There is a classic tradition of interpreting western history, and the history of western Christianity too, in terms of an opposition between town and countryside: but according to exponents of this tradition, from Marx and Engels through Weber and Troeltsch to some co…
Montaillou
Part 1 The ecology of Montaillou - the house and the shepherd: environment and authority the domus a dominant house - the Clergue family the shepherds the great migrations the life of the shepherds in the Pyrenees the shepherd's mental outlook. Part 2 An archaeology of Montaillou - from body language to myth: body language and sex the libido of the Clergues temporary unions marriage and love marriage and the condition of women childhood and other…
Society, theodicy and the origins of heresy
I shall not be presenting in this communication the fruits of any original research: my aim will be simply to put together some of the results of recent work by others, and on that basis to offer a little contribution to ‘the great seven-storey library’ which professor Le Bras hopes will one day ‘be devoted to studies of the structure and whole life of every religion at every moment of its history’. It is best to begin with some explanation of my…
La mort de Charles le Chauve
The death of Charles the Bald - Charles the Bald died at 54 in 877. Charles' interest in the representation of royalty extended to the careful planning of his own burial and commemoration at St. Denis. In the event, Charles died in a remote spot in the French Alps. Contemporary chroniclers described the premature putrescence and unbearable stench of Charles' corpse. After a botched embalming, his followers, intent on carrying the body to St. Deni…
Public Histories and Private History in the Work of Nithard
Symbols in context
Hobsbawm recently reminded young historians prone to methodologising that they would be well advised always to begin with a problem. He meant to imply—and very properly—that experimentation with methods becomes vapid and useless unless it is seen clearly for what it is: a means to an end. I propose to experiment with a method, so I want first to emphasise that I do have a problem. It is this: why, within a common framework of Christian theology, …
Ritual and reality in the early medieval ordines
To know what was generally believed in all ages, the way is to consult the liturgies, not any private man’s writings.’ John Selden’s maxim, which surely owed much to his own pioneering work as a liturgist, shows a shrewd appreciation of the significance of the medieval ordines for the consecration of kings. Thanks to the more recent efforts of Waitz, Eichmann, Schramm and others, this material now forms part of the medievalist’s stock in trade; a…
Royal saints and early medieval kingship
The problem I want briefly to focus on concerns the significance of the saint-king in early medieval cosmology: what is his relationship to the sacral king of so many pre-industrial societies? A commonly-accepted view has been that the sacral king was, quite simply, the immediate ancestor of the saint-king. To quote the recent but in some respects old-fashioned work of W. A. Chaney on Anglo-Saxon kingship: ‘The sacral nature of kingship.... would…
Short review and book note
Thausing, Gertrude, Sein und werden, Acta Ethnologica et Linguistica Nr. 23 Vienna 1971, pp. 295, 30 plates. No price stated. Bloch, Marc, The royal touch. Sacred monarchy and scrofula in England and France. Translated by J. E. Anderson. Pp. xi + 441. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul. 1973. £6.50. Woodard, William P. The allied occupation of Japan and Japanese religions, Leiden, E. J. Brill, 1972. 393 pp. 6 plates, no price stated. >Burland, C. A…
The Problem of King Alfred's Royal Anointing
Alfred's royal anointing by Leo IV has long been one of the puzzles of Alfredian scholarship. Despite the ingenuity of the greatest Anglo-Saxon specialists, no really satisfactory explanation has yet been given of the strange story retailed by the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle under the year 853, and repeated in Latin translation by Asser in his Vita Alfredi . Such near-contemporary evidence demands careful attention, especially since it has important im…
The Problem of King Alfred's Royal Anointing
Alfred's royal anointing by Leo IV has long been one of the puzzles of Alfredian scholarship. Despite the ingenuity of the greatest Anglo-Saxon specialists, no really satisfactory explanation has yet been given of the strange story retailed by the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle under the year 853, and repeated in Latin translation by Asser in his Vita Alfredi . Such near-contemporary evidence demands careful attention, especially since it has important im…
National synods, kingship as office, and royal anointing
Professor Gabriel Le Bras, a great pioneer in the field of historical sociology, has spoken of the early medieval Church in a bizarre but effective metaphor as ‘a dismembered body striving to reunite itself’. The essential task of the hierarchy within each national Church was one of coordination—by means of law, doctrine, and the standardization of worship. In the fragmented world of the barbarian kingdoms, the distinctive feature of each episcop…
Society, theodicy and the origins of heresy
I shall not be presenting in this communication the fruits of any original research: my aim will be simply to put together some of the results of recent work by others, and on that basis to offer a little contribution to ‘the great seven-storey library’ which professor Le Bras hopes will one day ‘be devoted to studies of the structure and whole life of every religion at every moment of its history’. It is best to begin with some explanation of my…
Royal saints and early medieval kingship
The problem I want briefly to focus on concerns the significance of the saint-king in early medieval cosmology: what is his relationship to the sacral king of so many pre-industrial societies? A commonly-accepted view has been that the sacral king was, quite simply, the immediate ancestor of the saint-king. To quote the recent but in some respects old-fashioned work of W. A. Chaney on Anglo-Saxon kingship: ‘The sacral nature of kingship.... would…
Short review and book note
Thausing, Gertrude, Sein und werden, Acta Ethnologica et Linguistica Nr. 23 Vienna 1971, pp. 295, 30 plates. No price stated. Bloch, Marc, The royal touch. Sacred monarchy and scrofula in England and France. Translated by J. E. Anderson. Pp. xi + 441. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul. 1973. £6.50. Woodard, William P. The allied occupation of Japan and Japanese religions, Leiden, E. J. Brill, 1972. 393 pp. 6 plates, no price stated. >Burland, C. A…
Short review and book note
Firth, Raymond, Symbols public and private, London, George Allen & Unwin, 1973, pp. 469, £6.60. Brown, L. B. (ed.), Psychology and religion. London: Penguin, 1973. Duchesne-Guillemin, J., Religion of ancient Iran (E.T. trans. K. M. JamaspAsa), Bombay, 1973, pp. viii + 271, £2. Morenz, Siegfried, Egyptian religion (E.T. trans. Ann E. Keep), London, Methuen, 1973, £7.50. Bunnag Jane, Buddhist monk, Buddhist layman: A study of urban monastic organiz…
Ritual and reality in the early medieval ordines
To know what was generally believed in all ages, the way is to consult the liturgies, not any private man’s writings.’ John Selden’s maxim, which surely owed much to his own pioneering work as a liturgist, shows a shrewd appreciation of the significance of the medieval ordines for the consecration of kings. Thanks to the more recent efforts of Waitz, Eichmann, Schramm and others, this material now forms part of the medievalist’s stock in trade; a…
Short review and book note
NAYAK, G. C., Evil, karma, and reincarnation. Visva-Bharati: Centre of Advanced Study in Philosophy, 1973, pp. x + 176, 34 Rupees. CZAJA, MICHAEL, Gods of myth and stone, phallicism in Japanese folk religion, Weatherhill 1974, pp. 294, $20.00. SCHOLEM, GERSCHOM, Sabbatai Sevi: The mystical messiah 1626–1676. The Littman Library of Jewish Civilization. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1973, pp. xxvii + 930 + bibliography and index, £9.00 LINGS, MAR…
Short review and book note
BAETKE, WALTER, Kleine Schriften. Geschichte, Recht und religion in germanischen schrifttum. Edited by K. Rudolph and E. Walter. pp. 387. Weimar: Hermann Böhlaus. 1973. FRIDELL, WILBUR M., Japanese shrine mergers 1906–1912, Sophia University, Tokyo, 1973 (A Monumenta Nipponica Monograph), pp. 142, $10·00. ALTMANN, ALEXANDER, Moses Mendelssohn: A biographical study. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1973, pp xvi + 900, £6.25. RANGER, T. O. and KIMAM…
Symbols in context
Hobsbawm recently reminded young historians prone to methodologising that they would be well advised always to begin with a problem. He meant to imply—and very properly—that experimentation with methods becomes vapid and useless unless it is seen clearly for what it is: a means to an end. I propose to experiment with a method, so I want first to emphasise that I do have a problem. It is this: why, within a common framework of Christian theology, …
Short Notices
Short Notices Get access JANET L. NELSON JANET L. NELSON King’s CollegeLondon Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume XCII, Issue CCCLXIII, April 1977, Pages 410-b–411, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/XCII.CCCLXIII.410-b Published: 01 April 1977
On the limits of the Carolingian renaissance
Einhard tells us that Charlemagne had a special liking for ‘those books of St Augustine called The City of God ’. If only he had told us why. Did Charlemagne demand readings from book 5 on the happy Christian emperors? Or was he, as Ladner suggests, particularly attracted by ‘the idea of a society embracing earth and heaven, a society which a man could join through personal renewal’? If Ladner is right, then, he tells us, we should talk not of a …
Short review and book note
Lott, God and the universe in the vedāntic theology of Rāmānuja: a study in his use of the self-body analogy, E. J., Madras, India: Ramanuja Research Society, 1976, pp. 242. £2.85 Eliade, Mircea, Zalmoxis: The vanishing god: Comparative studies in the religious and folklore of Dacia and eastern Europe, translated by Willard R. Trask. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, 1972, pp. 260. £7.05 Baker, Derek (ed.), The orthodox churche…
Kingship, law and liturgy in the political thought of Hincmar of Rheims
Kingship, law and liturgy in the political thought of Hincmar of Rheims Get access JANET L. NELSON JANET L. NELSON King's CollegeLondon Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume XCII, Issue CCCLXIII, April 1977, Pages 241–279, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/XCII.CCCLXIII.241 Published: 01 April 1977
An essay in the history of a medieval ideal
John Bugge. Virginitas. The Hague: International Archives of the History of Ideas, Series Minor 17: The Hague Martinus Nijhoff, 1976, pp. 168. Guilders 47.50 Geoffrey Ashe. The virgin, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1976, pp. 262. £5.25 Marina Warner. Alone of all her sex. The myth and cult of the virgin Mary, London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1976, pp. 400 + xix. £6.50
Short Notices
Short Notices Get access JANET L. NELSON JANET L. NELSON King's CollegeLondon Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume XCIV, Issue CCCLXX, January 1979, Pages 161–162, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/XCIV.CCCLXX.161 Published: 01 January 1979
Charles the Bald and the Church in Town and Countryside
‘The church in town and countryside’ is a fruitful theme. But for early medievalists it is an especially challenging one. We first have to establish our right to participate at all. There is a classic tradition of interpreting western history, and the history of western Christianity too, in terms of an opposition between town and countryside: but according to exponents of this tradition, from Marx and Engels through Weber and Troeltsch to some co…
Montaillou
Part 1 The ecology of Montaillou - the house and the shepherd: environment and authority the domus a dominant house - the Clergue family the shepherds the great migrations the life of the shepherds in the Pyrenees the shepherd's mental outlook. Part 2 An archaeology of Montaillou - from body language to myth: body language and sex the libido of the Clergues temporary unions marriage and love marriage and the condition of women childhood and other…
Short Notices
Journal Article Short Notices Get access JANET L. NELSON JANET L. NELSON King's CollegeLondon Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume XCV, Issue CCCLXXVII, July 1980, Pages 891-b–892, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/XCV.CCCLXXVII.891-b Published: 01 July 1980
Religion in 'Histoire totale
Short Notices
Journal Article Short Notices Get access JANET L. NELSON JANET L. NELSON King's CollegeLondon Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume XCVIII, Issue CCCLXXXVII, April 1983, Page 399, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/XCVIII.CCCLXXXVII.399 Published: 01 April 1983
The Church’s Military Service in the Ninth Century
‘Comparisons are odorous’. Modern historians, far from sharing Dogberry’s repugnance, have found the scent of the comparative method irresistible. ‘Perhaps even the future of our discipline’ depended on its pursuit, wrote Marc Bloch in 1928. Since then, comparison has become fashionable enough, and hardly remarkable in our contemporaries’ work. Remarkable it certainly is, however, in the ninth century. I would like to begin by quoting a passage w…
Public Histories and Private History in the Work of Nithard
A King Across the Sea’
I BEGIN with the quotation in my title: ‘Alfred, a king across the sea’. It is actually a tenth-century label rather than a strictly contemporary one: it was used by Flodoard of Rheims in c. 960 when he summarized a letter sent to Alfred by Archbishop Fulk of Rheims in c. 890. How Fulk himself had addressed Alfred we don't know. But, according to Flodoard, what he said was ‘amicable’: he ex-pressed satisfaction on hearing of the appointment of a …
Les femmes et l'évangélisation au IXe siècle
Le rôle des femmes dans 1'évangélisation au IXe siècle fut important, bien que nos témoins n'en parlent pas beaucoup, et bien que la hiérarchie de l'Eglise carolingienne ait essayé de contrôler la spiritualité féminine et de supprimer la magie employée par les femmes. Dans 1'évangelisation «interne» du monde carolingien, les femmes ont pu jouer un rôle actif : au foyer domestique où elles avaient une responsabilité pastorale envers leur familia, …
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