Audrey Kobayashi
Biographic Data
| ID | 3671361 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Audrey Kobayashi |
| GIVEN NAMES | Audrey |
| FAMILY NAME | Kobayashi |
| SIGNATURE | KOBAYASHI A |
| AFFILIATIONS | Queen's University |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 54 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 1035 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 49 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 5 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1988 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2024 |
| H-INDEX | 15 |
Geography’s relevance debates and new forms of scholar policy activism
In the context of class and culture wars over the social purpose of the university, it is time to revisit a pivotal question: to whom is the discipline of geography accountable and for what? In the spirit of looking back to look forward, we wonder to what extent and in what ways historiographies of geography that critically interrogate geographers' statements on the discipline's social mission might help and guide us at this hour? Specifically, w…
Chicago's Redevelopment Machine & Blues Clubs
After dispossession: An urban rights praxis of remaining in Vancouver's Downtown Eastside
Drawing from a multi-year research presence in Vancouver, Canada's Downtown Eastside, we generate insights into the praxis of the historically dispossessed within contemporary processes of subaltern urbanisms. Interviews with past and present Downtown Eastside residents reveal parallel narratives of dispossession and remaining between Japanese Canadians who were expelled during the Second World War and communities in the present-day neighborhood.…
International Encyclopedia of Human Geography
Exile: Mapping the Migration Patterns of Japanese Canadians Exiled to Japan in 1946
In 1946, after a period of internment that began in 1942, approximately four thousand Japanese Canadians were exiled to Japan and stripped of their citizenship. More than half were Canadian-born, and the majority of those who had been born in Japan were Canadian citizens. The exiles were given a choice of impossible options: to relocate outside of British Columbia or be sent to Japan. Drawing upon extensive archival research, this study examines …
Taking liberties with democracy? On the origins, meaning and implications of the Irish water wars
A Companion to Gender Studies
Spatiality
The conceptual transit from space to spatiality is one of the most significant developments in recent geographical thought. Both space and spatiality are historical concepts that refer to the relationship between people and things, including other people, on the Earth's surface. Geographical thinking is homologous with philosophical debates about the ontological status of space. From the 1950s to the 1980s, there were debates over the existence o…
Race and Racism
The concept of race as a means of sorting and segregating human beings is ancient, but its modern manifestation dates to the time of European exploration and the Enlightenment, when it became an instrument of both science and geopolitics. Racialization is the process by which race is deployed through discursive acts of racism. Geographers played a significant role in the invention of the concept of race and in the development of racial science. T…
Human Geography
Human geography has ancient roots in many parts of the world. It became a formal discipline in Europe during the mid‐eighteenth century, and has since been dominated by anglophone scholarship. Major debates in the discipline can be understood in the context of the geopolitics of the times, including imperialism and colonialism, capitalism, globalization, and recently neoliberalism, that have written the script of global development. In the twenti…
The Equity Myth: Racialization and Indigeneity at Canadian Universities
The university is often regarded as a bastion of liberal democracy where equity and diversity are promoted and racism doesn’t exist. In reality, the university still excludes many people and is a site of racialization that is subtle, complex, and sophisticated. While some studies do point to the persistence of systemic barriers to equity in higher education, in-depth analyses of racism, racialization, and Indigeneity in the academy are more notab…
International Encyclopedia of Geography: People, the Earth, Environment and Technology
International Encyclopedia of Geography, 15 Volume Set: People, the Earth, Environment and Technology
Global Heartland: Displaced Labor Transnational Lives and Local Placemaking
Faranak Miraftab. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2016. xvi and 310 pp., illustrations, tables. $30.00 paper (ISBN 978-0-253-01934-9); $80.00 cloth (ISBN 978-0-253-01927-1).Faranak Miraftab
Race, racialization and Indigeneity in Canadian universities
This article is based on data from a four-year national study of racialization and Indigeneity at Canadian universities. Its main conclusion is that whether one examines representation in terms of numbers of racialized and Indigenous faculty members and their positioning within the system, their earned income as compared to white faculty, their daily life experiences within the university as workplace, or interactions with colleagues and students…
Teaching the history of geography: Current challenges and future directions
Drawing upon the personal reflections of geographical educators in Brazil, Canada, the UK, and the US, this Forum provides a state-of-the-discipline review of teaching in the history of geography; identifies the practical and pedagogical challenges associated with that teaching; and offers suggestions and provocations as to future innovation. The Forum shows how teaching in the history of geography is valued – as a tool of identity making, as a d…
In the face of epistemic injustices: On the Meaning of People-Led War Crimes Tribunals
This paper seeks to render intelligible the meaning of the vibrant tradition of people-led war crimes tribunals (PWCTs) which has emerged in the past half a century. Drawing upon recent postcolonial critiques of extant literature on geographies of care and responsibility, and informed by Third World Approaches to International Law (TWAIL), we question the capacity of the international legal system to provide justice for 'others' (especially subal…
The geography PhD in Canada
Neoclassical urban theory and the study of racism in geography
This article takes a biographical approach to analyse the intellectual roots of geographical studies of race and racism as they emerged from neoclassical urban geography. Race was not part of the science of space that dominated neoclassical urban geography of the 1960s and l970s. External and abstract truths were considered to be independent of those who discovered them, which helps to explain why Walter Christaller’s central place theory was ele…
Being CBC: The Ambivalent Identities and Belonging of Canadian-Born Children of Immigrants
Immigrants from Hong Kong are one of the largest recent cohorts of newcomers in Canada. We examine the processes through which the children of Hong Kong immigrants construct a sense of belonging in Canada, their only home. In focus group discussions, the participants express an unequivocal sense of Canadian citizenship and belonging. Yet their identities project an idealized Canadian body that wears "Canadian" clothing, plays "Canadian" sports, a…
The Dialectic of Race and the Discipline of Geography
This article uses a biographical approach to trace the ways in which major thinkers in the discipline and, in particular, past presidents of the Association of American Geographers (AAG) in their Presidential Addresses have conceptualized race. Race thinking emerged during the Enlightenment and, in geography, became more explicitly environmentalist through the nineteenth century and the early years of the twentieth century. By the mid-twentieth c…
Remaking Human Geography (RLE Social and Cultural Geography)
Geographies of Peace and Armed Conflict
I. Editorial 1. Geographies of Peace and Armed Conflict: Introduction, Audrey Kobayashi II. Articles 2. Conceptualizing ConflictSpace: Toward a Geography of Relational Power and Embeddedness in the Analysis of Interstate Conflict, Colin Flint, Paul Diehl, Juergen Scheffran, John Vasquez, and Sang-hyun Chi 3. Oil Prices, Scarcity, and Geographies of War, Philippe Le Billon and Alejandro Cervantes 4. Mobilizing Rivers: Hydro-Electricity, the State,…
The Representation of Racialized Faculty at Selected Canadian Universities
Gathering accurate data on representation of racialized and Indigenous faculty is compounded by the lack of reliable, detailed data. The paper attempts to redress the lack of data, based on a methodology of facial and name recognition in a small sample of Canadian universities. Photos and names of racialized faculty on departmental websites at selected universities in three faculties: engineering, management/business, and social sciences were exa…
Rethinking the Great White North: Race, Nature, and the Historical Geographies of Whiteness in Canada
Canadian national identity is bound to the idea of a Great White North. Images of snow, wilderness, and emptiness seem innocent, yet this path-breaking volume shows they contain the seeds of contemporary racism. Rethinking the Great White North moves the idea of whiteness to the centre of debates about Canadian history, geography, and identity. Informed by critical race theory and the insight that racism is geographical as well as historical and …
Coloring the Field: Gender, "Race," and the Politics of Fieldwork
My experiences combining research and activism within the Japanese-Canadian community reflect a growing concern among feminist and anti-racist scholars with the politics of work among people marginalized by racism and sexism. This concern arises within a context where "other voices" are being heard, but the legitimacy of one individual or group to represent another is being challenged. Such challenges require that essentialism and naturalism be a…
Unnatural discourse. ‘Race’ and gender in geography
Geographers’ long‐term involvement in the construction ‘race’ and gender has occurred through literally and metaphorically mapping out the world in ways that highlight, perpetuate and naturalize difference. This paper provides a critical analysis of the naturalization of these categories by revealing parallels in their social construction and in the ways in which they have been independently conceptualized. The focus is on the extent to which ‘ra…
Racism out of Place: Thoughts on Whiteness and an Antiracist Geography in the New Millennium
(2000). Racism out of Place: Thoughts on Whiteness and an Antiracist Geography in the New Millennium. Annals of the Association of American Geographers: Vol. 90, No. 2, pp. 392-403
Back to Hong Kong: Return Migration or Transnational Sojourn
In this article we reconsider the meaning of return migration in a period of growing transnational practices. In its conventional use, return migration conveys the same sense of closure and completion as the immigration-assimilation narrative. But in a transnational era, movement is better described as continuous rather than completed. Focus groups held in Hong Kong with middle-class returnees from Canada reveal that migration is undertaken strat…
Remaking Human Geography (RLE Social and Cultural Geography)
GPC Ten Years On: Is self-reflexivity enough
In the 10 years since the first issue of Gender, Place and Culture was published, feminist geography has grown, matured, become part of the normal curriculum in most departments of geography. The need to consider gender as a fundamental aspect of social life has become accepted wisdom. We have much to celebrate. Over the same period, increasing attention has been paid to questions of racialisation, and to projects that set anti-racism on the acad…
Transnationalism through the life course: Hong Kong immigrants in Canada
Transnationalism needs to be understood as a set of practices fashioned through the life course as well as in relation to contextual factors that include state policy and experiences of discrimination that affect entry to the labour force. The paradox of transnationalism is that families make strategic decisions to separate in order to maintain family unity and to advance the welfare of children. Emigrants from Hong Kong to Canada in the latter d…
Geographies of Peace and Armed Conflict: Introduction
This is the first annual special issue of the Annals of the Association of American Geographers. It represents a commitment on the part of the four section editors to highlight themes of major inte
Geography, pedagogy and politics
This Forum takes seriously the proposition that everything we do as geographers is potentially `relevant' to the affairs of the wider society. Using expanded conceptions of `pedagogy' and `politics', the Forum suggests why and how we are always engaged in processes of shaping and steering this wider society, wittingly or not, and intentionally or not. In the minds of many of us, this shaping and steering only (or mostly) occurs through activities…
The Dialectic of Race and the Discipline of Geography
This article uses a biographical approach to trace the ways in which major thinkers in the discipline and, in particular, past presidents of the Association of American Geographers (AAG) in their Presidential Addresses have conceptualized race. Race thinking emerged during the Enlightenment and, in geography, became more explicitly environmentalist through the nineteenth century and the early years of the twentieth century. By the mid-twentieth c…
Race, racialization and Indigeneity in Canadian universities
This article is based on data from a four-year national study of racialization and Indigeneity at Canadian universities. Its main conclusion is that whether one examines representation in terms of numbers of racialized and Indigenous faculty members and their positioning within the system, their earned income as compared to white faculty, their daily life experiences within the university as workplace, or interactions with colleagues and students…
Place, affect, and transnationalism through the voices of Hong Kong immigrants to Canada
The emergence of a significant transnational community of immigrants from Hong Kong to Canada, and their Canadian-born children, during the 1990s can be understood through the experience of the affect of place, which gives meaning to the emotional experiences of community members. In contrast to theories that treat affect as a preconscious attribute, we treat affect as an emergent, socially constructed, and contextual capacity for individual emot…
Why Women of Colour in Geography
The dismally low number of women of colour in the discipline of geography in dominantly English-speaking countries can be explained by a number of systemic features of the discipline. Evidence suggests that a culture of whiteness in academic hiring has overtaken more overt forms of racial and sexist discrimination to limit the number of women of colour hired. More fundamentally, a lack of mentoring discourages women of colour from entering the di…
Racism and Law in Canada: A Geographical Perspective
(1990). RACISM AND LAW IN CANADA: A GEOGRAPHICAL PERSPECTIVE. Urban Geography: Vol. 11, Law, Regulation, and Geography I, pp. 447-473
Transnationalism, Gender, and Civic Participation: Canadian Case Studies of Hong Kong Immigrants
It is widely claimed that recent migration trends show increasing levels of transnational activity, but there is a need for a more detailed understanding of the relationship between transnationalism and citizenship participation, particularly from a gendered perspective. A study of immigrants from Hong Kong to Vancouver and Toronto, the largest group of immigrants to Canada in the period 1989 to 1997, shows that, although migration occurred in a …
After dispossession: An urban rights praxis of remaining in Vancouver's Downtown Eastside
Drawing from a multi-year research presence in Vancouver, Canada's Downtown Eastside, we generate insights into the praxis of the historically dispossessed within contemporary processes of subaltern urbanisms. Interviews with past and present Downtown Eastside residents reveal parallel narratives of dispossession and remaining between Japanese Canadians who were expelled during the Second World War and communities in the present-day neighborhood.…
Teaching the history of geography: Current challenges and future directions
Drawing upon the personal reflections of geographical educators in Brazil, Canada, the UK, and the US, this Forum provides a state-of-the-discipline review of teaching in the history of geography; identifies the practical and pedagogical challenges associated with that teaching; and offers suggestions and provocations as to future innovation. The Forum shows how teaching in the history of geography is valued – as a tool of identity making, as a d…
Civil risk and landscapes of marginality in Canada: A pluralist approach to social justice
The geographies of civil risk, human rights and social justice in relation to a pluralist notion of justice lie at the heart of this paper. We define civil risk as a failure of human rights, brought about by institutional processes constructed over time, space and place, which create disadvantages for marginalized social groups. Geography is integral both to civil risk and social justice because marginalization is a spatial process articulated th…
The Representation of Racialized Faculty at Selected Canadian Universities
Gathering accurate data on representation of racialized and Indigenous faculty is compounded by the lack of reliable, detailed data. The paper attempts to redress the lack of data, based on a methodology of facial and name recognition in a small sample of Canadian universities. Photos and names of racialized faculty on departmental websites at selected universities in three faculties: engineering, management/business, and social sciences were exa…
In the face of epistemic injustices: On the Meaning of People-Led War Crimes Tribunals
This paper seeks to render intelligible the meaning of the vibrant tradition of people-led war crimes tribunals (PWCTs) which has emerged in the past half a century. Drawing upon recent postcolonial critiques of extant literature on geographies of care and responsibility, and informed by Third World Approaches to International Law (TWAIL), we question the capacity of the international legal system to provide justice for 'others' (especially subal…
Metropolitan anxieties: A critical appraisal of Sartre’s theory of colonialism
Within postcolonial studies there is now a well‐established wariness of the Eurocentric or metrocentric tendencies of postcolonial theory itself. For some the charge that postcolonial theory continues to interpret the history and culture of non‐European societies through European frames of reference can be traced to the provocative theory of colonisation developed by French philosopher, novelist and political activist Jean‐Paul Sartre. We subject…
Shared Memories, Common Vision: Generations, Sociopolitical Consciousness and Resistance among Cuban Women
Much has been written about modern Cuba's problems, but little about what it means to be part of a society that believes in 'the Revolution' and the possibility of a new order. The challenge is not only to understand why some Cubans do not believe but to also recognize the commitment of those who do. Based on how they identify key events in Cuban history, we focus on two distinct generations of Cuban women: an older 'Revolution' generation and a …
A Companion to Gender Studies
Neoclassical urban theory and the study of racism in geography
This article takes a biographical approach to analyse the intellectual roots of geographical studies of race and racism as they emerged from neoclassical urban geography. Race was not part of the science of space that dominated neoclassical urban geography of the 1960s and l970s. External and abstract truths were considered to be independent of those who discovered them, which helps to explain why Walter Christaller’s central place theory was ele…
People, Place, and Region: 100 Years of Human Geography in the Annals
Human geography articles published in the Annals of the Association of American Geographers over the past century have gone through several overlapping phases that include Darwinian environmentalist approaches during the early part of the century, a strongly antideterminist cultural geography influenced by Carl Sauer at midcentury, and a science of "space" supported by quantitative methods in the postwar period. All three approaches take a region…
Focus: Asian Migration to Canada
This collection of 5 short essays on Asian migration to Canada focuses on the relationships between individual migrants and their social contexts, both Asian and Canadian. Papers by Anderson and Kobayashi adopt research perspectives of outsider and insider, respectively. Vibert provides a historical overview against which the substantive issues introduced in the other 3 papers can be understood, and he illustrates the links between circumstances …
A Geography of Third World Cities
Racism and Law in Canada: A Geographical Perspective
(1990). RACISM AND LAW IN CANADA: A GEOGRAPHICAL PERSPECTIVE. Urban Geography: Vol. 11, Law, Regulation, and Geography I, pp. 447-473
The Enemy That Never Was: A History of Japanese Canadians
Unnatural discourse. ‘Race’ and gender in geography
Geographers’ long‐term involvement in the construction ‘race’ and gender has occurred through literally and metaphorically mapping out the world in ways that highlight, perpetuate and naturalize difference. This paper provides a critical analysis of the naturalization of these categories by revealing parallels in their social construction and in the ways in which they have been independently conceptualized. The focus is on the extent to which ‘ra…
Coloring the Field: Gender, "Race," and the Politics of Fieldwork
My experiences combining research and activism within the Japanese-Canadian community reflect a growing concern among feminist and anti-racist scholars with the politics of work among people marginalized by racism and sexism. This concern arises within a context where "other voices" are being heard, but the legitimacy of one individual or group to represent another is being challenged. Such challenges require that essentialism and naturalism be a…
Civil risk and landscapes of marginality in Canada: A pluralist approach to social justice
The geographies of civil risk, human rights and social justice in relation to a pluralist notion of justice lie at the heart of this paper. We define civil risk as a failure of human rights, brought about by institutional processes constructed over time, space and place, which create disadvantages for marginalized social groups. Geography is integral both to civil risk and social justice because marginalization is a spatial process articulated th…
Racism out of Place: Thoughts on Whiteness and an Antiracist Geography in the New Millennium
(2000). Racism out of Place: Thoughts on Whiteness and an Antiracist Geography in the New Millennium. Annals of the Association of American Geographers: Vol. 90, No. 2, pp. 392-403
Truly our own: Canadian geography 50 years after/Un symbole national: le Géographe canadien apres 50 ans
Policies and Practices for an Antiracist Geography at the Millennium
As we enter the new millennium, geographers have a momentous opportunity to reflect upon the historical development of our discipline and the academic culture within which it thrives, with the aim of setting out an antiracist agenda. We advocate a fundamental refashioning of the discipline, not simply an extension of its research agenda; for racism, like gender, is not just another item in the lexicon of geographical subjects. The agenda includes…
A generation later, and still two percent: Changing the culture of Canadian geography
GPC Ten Years On: Is self-reflexivity enough
In the 10 years since the first issue of Gender, Place and Culture was published, feminist geography has grown, matured, become part of the normal curriculum in most departments of geography. The need to consider gender as a fundamental aspect of social life has become accepted wisdom. We have much to celebrate. Over the same period, increasing attention has been paid to questions of racialisation, and to projects that set anti-racism on the acad…
A Companion to Gender Studies
Seeing Beyond South Africa: Anti‐Racist Struggle Post September 11
Back to Hong Kong: Return Migration or Transnational Sojourn
In this article we reconsider the meaning of return migration in a period of growing transnational practices. In its conventional use, return migration conveys the same sense of closure and completion as the immigration-assimilation narrative. But in a transnational era, movement is better described as continuous rather than completed. Focus groups held in Hong Kong with middle-class returnees from Canada reveal that migration is undertaken strat…
Why Women of Colour in Geography
The dismally low number of women of colour in the discipline of geography in dominantly English-speaking countries can be explained by a number of systemic features of the discipline. Evidence suggests that a culture of whiteness in academic hiring has overtaken more overt forms of racial and sexist discrimination to limit the number of women of colour hired. More fundamentally, a lack of mentoring discourages women of colour from entering the di…
Transnationalism, Gender, and Civic Participation: Canadian Case Studies of Hong Kong Immigrants
It is widely claimed that recent migration trends show increasing levels of transnational activity, but there is a need for a more detailed understanding of the relationship between transnationalism and citizenship participation, particularly from a gendered perspective. A study of immigrants from Hong Kong to Vancouver and Toronto, the largest group of immigrants to Canada in the period 1989 to 1997, shows that, although migration occurred in a …
Transnationalism through the life course: Hong Kong immigrants in Canada
Transnationalism needs to be understood as a set of practices fashioned through the life course as well as in relation to contextual factors that include state policy and experiences of discrimination that affect entry to the labour force. The paradox of transnationalism is that families make strategic decisions to separate in order to maintain family unity and to advance the welfare of children. Emigrants from Hong Kong to Canada in the latter d…
The Limits of the Limits of Community
Companion to Gender Studies
Geography, pedagogy and politics
This Forum takes seriously the proposition that everything we do as geographers is potentially `relevant' to the affairs of the wider society. Using expanded conceptions of `pedagogy' and `politics', the Forum suggests why and how we are always engaged in processes of shaping and steering this wider society, wittingly or not, and intentionally or not. In the minds of many of us, this shaping and steering only (or mostly) occurs through activities…
Geographies of Peace and Armed Conflict: Introduction
This is the first annual special issue of the Annals of the Association of American Geographers. It represents a commitment on the part of the four section editors to highlight themes of major inte
Shared Memories, Common Vision: Generations, Sociopolitical Consciousness and Resistance among Cuban Women
Much has been written about modern Cuba's problems, but little about what it means to be part of a society that believes in 'the Revolution' and the possibility of a new order. The challenge is not only to understand why some Cubans do not believe but to also recognize the commitment of those who do. Based on how they identify key events in Cuban history, we focus on two distinct generations of Cuban women: an older 'Revolution' generation and a …
Colonialism and the Tensioned Landscapes of Indigeneity
Jasbir K. Puar, Terrorist Assemblages: Homonationalism in Queer Times
London and Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2007, 368 pp., $89.95 cloth (ISBN-13 978-0-8223-4094-2), $24.95 paperback (ISBN-13 978-0-8223-4114-7). Jasbir Puar writes a dense, theoretical, and pol
Sociology (39 works) · Political science (34 works) · Law (26 works) · Geography (25 works) · Gender Studies (21 works) · Politics (20 works) · Historical Geography and Geographical Thought (15 works) · History (14 works) · Social science (14 works) · Law (13 works)