Ron Smith
Biographic Data
| ID | 3673654 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Ron Smith |
| GIVEN NAMES | Ron |
| FAMILY NAME | Smith |
| SIGNATURE | SMITH R |
| AFFILIATIONS | Birkbeck, University of London |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-5827-2733 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 42 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 236 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 42 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1942 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2023 |
| H-INDEX | 8 |
Revisiting the Great Ratios Hypothesis
Kaldor called the constancy of certain ratios stylized facts, Klein and Kosobud called them great ratios. While they often appear in theoretical models, the empirical literature finds little evidence for them, perhaps because the procedures used cannot deal with lack of co‐integration, two‐way causality, and cross‐country error dependence. We propose a new system pooled mean group estimator that can deal with these features. Monte Carlo results s…
The means determine the end – Pursuing integrated valuation in practice
The economic costs of military conflict
There is a large literature on the economic costs of military conflict, which uses a variety of methods including accounting procedures, statistical models and event studies of how stock markets respond to news of conflict. This literature is not only subject to all the criticisms directed against cost-benefit analysis but also introduces an element of arbitrariness by not considering benefits. This article uses four questions to structure a disc…
On Identification of Bayesian DSGE Models
This article is concerned with local identification of individual parameters of dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) models estimated by Bayesian methods. Identification is often judged by a comparison of the posterior distribution of a parameter with its prior. However, these can differ even when the parameter is not identified. Instead, we propose two Bayesian indicators of identification. The first follows a suggestion by Poirier of c…
The Impact of Intra-Platform Competition on Broadband Prices and Speeds
What type of broadband competition has produced the best results for European consumers? To answer this question, the authors compare different types of competition for their impacts on both price and speed, using data from the EU27 countries for 2008–2011. They examine both inter-platform (DSL, cable, fiber, satellite, and wireless local loop) and intra-platform (unbundled local loop [ULL], bitstream, and resale) competition. The authors find th…
Policing disorder: Calgary Transit peace officers and the Alberta law enforcement framework
An analysis of current trends suggests that the delivery of policing services in C anada is fundamentally shifting. In 2011, the P rovince of A lberta established the L aw E nforcement Framework , which includes C algary T ransit peace officers who are responsible for the safety and security needs of transit customers and employees. This article examines the role of C algary T ransit peace officers and makes recommendations for their incorporatio…
Towards educational inclusion in a contested society: From critical analysis to creative action
This paper is written by democratic educators who stand for the idea that is it worth developing, through classrooms and schools, a socially just (egalitarian), anti-discriminatory society where interdependent relationships are valued. This paper significantly develops some of the ideas explored in the authors’ earlier contribution concerned with progress in Northern Ireland towards educational inclusion, and how this might more effectively advan…
Towards educational inclusion in a transforming society: Some lessons from community relations and special needs education in Northern Ireland
This paper focuses on the socially constructed ideas that have come to be given the status of taken‐for‐granted knowledge within not one, but two, fields of professional practice in Northern Irish schools; community relations and special needs education. Dominant discourses were viewed as constructing norms around which educational professionals approached issues to do with difference and social justice—differences of attainment and disability in…
The Demand for Arms Imports
This article presents estimates of demand functions for arms imports for a panel of 52 countries, 1981-99, where there are non-zero observations for both the main measures, WMEAT and SIPRI. In principle, the WMEAT series is a value measure, while the SIPRI series is a volume measure, thus the ratio is a proxy for price. A baseline static log-linear model that makes arms imports a function of this proxy for price, military expenditure and per capi…
Capabilities and Well-Being: Evidence Based on the Sen-Nussbaum Approach to Welfare
The Development of Intergroup Forgiveness in Northern Ireland
As societies like Northern Ireland, Israel, and South Africa strive to resolve social conflict, there is growing theoretical and empirical interest in the role of intergroup forgiveness. This study examined intergroup forgiveness among 340 young adults in Northern Ireland. A short form of the Enright Forgiveness Inventory explored possible influences on propensity to forgive. All participants were Catholic and female (mean age 17.36 years), and h…
The Maritime Transportation of Nuclear Materials: A View From New Zealand
The occasional passage close to New Zealand of ships carrying nuclear materials is a continuing source of controversy in the country. This arises partly from inherent antinuclear sentiment and partly from a concern that an accident with one of these shipments could result in serious damage to the environment. The article describes the nature of these nuclear cargoes, explains the context within which they take place and examines the various risk …
New challenges to arms export control: Whither Wassenaar?
Arms Export Controls and Proliferation
Given that there are a relatively small number of suppliers of major weapons systems, control fo arms exports is possible, and there are a variety of regulatory regimes striving to achieve this. Controls can stabilize regional arms races and reduce tensions. However, when buyers can develop the capability to produce conventional or unconventional weapons, arms export controls can increase the incentive for proliferation. The authors discuss a gen…
The Prisoner's Dilemma and Regime-Switching in the Greek-Turkish Arms Race
Despite intensive investigation, little evidence has been found for a traditional Richardson-style arms race between Greece and Turkey using regression methods. This article uses an alternative model of the arms race, which treats it as a simple repeated two-by-two game such as the Prisoner's Dilemma, in which each country can choose a high or low share of military expenditure. This gives four possible states: both high; Greece high Turkey low; T…
Pooled Mean Group Estimation of Dynamic Heterogeneous Panels
It is now quite common to have panels in which both T, the number of time series observations, and N, the number of groups, are quite large and of the same order of magnitude. The usual practice is either to estimate N separate regressions and calculate the coefficient means, which we call the mean group (MG) estimator, or to pool the data and assume that the slope coefficients and error variances are identical. In this article we propose an inte…
Use of quantitative models in UK economic appraisal and policy-making
Quantitative models are used extensively in economic policy-making and forecasting. It is argued that the way that they are used is rather different from the usual formal account of their role, because of the political and social realities of the appraisal and policy-making process. After reviewing the standard account of the use of models, the paper provides an alternative account and attempts to document it with quotations from politicians and …
Quantitative Methods in Peace Research
Quantitative methods are an important component of peace research, since many of the issues addressed are inherently quantitative - the frequency and intensity of conflict, or the determination of military expenditures, for instance. This article argues that quantitative peace research could be improved if authors put more emphasis on the substantive issues and less on the mechanical application of rule-based, statistical techniques. After some m…
Current Account Solvency and the Feldstein--Horioka Puzzle
Journal Article Current Account Solvency and the Feldstein--Horioka Puzzle Get access Jerry Coakley, Jerry Coakley London Guildhall University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Farida Kulasi, Farida Kulasi London Guildhall University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Ron Smith Ron Smith Birkbeck College Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Sc…
Towards a Composite Educational Research Methodology: Balancing the Authority Equation in Aboriginal Education
In northern Australia Aboriginal 'settlements' or communities are, in the main, the product of a variety of west-centric priorities, the needs, for example of missionaries to keep prospective converts conveniently at hand to maintain the pressure of the Christian conversion process or for government agencies to distribute welfare from single accessible locations. The establishment of fixed communities usually brought considerable advantage and po…
Estimating long-run relationships from dynamic heterogeneous panels
Book Notes
The global spread of arms: Political economy of international security
Journal Article The global spread of arms: political economy of international security Get access The global spread of arms: political economy of international security. By Frederic S. Pearson. Boulder, CO, Oxford: Westview. 1994. 161pp. Index. £37.00; ISBN 0 8133 1573 5. Pb.: £9.50; ISBN 0 8133 1574 3. Ron Smith Ron Smith 1Birkbeck College, University of London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Internationa…
Power, Trade, and War
Journal Article Power, Trade, and War. Get access Power, Trade, and War. By Edward D. Mansfield. (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1994. Pp. xvii + 278. £26.00 hardback, US $35.00 hardback. ISBN 0 691 03288 2.)Allies, Adversaries, and International Trade. By Gowa Joanne. (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1994. Pp. xiv+148. £20.00 hardback, US $24.95 hardback. ISBN 0 691 03355 2-) Ron Smith Ron Smith Birkbeck College, Universit…
The Arms Trade and Arms Control
This paper constructs a dynamic model of the arms trade in which there are a small number of suppliers who care about the profits from the trade and the security consequences of the sale; and a large number of interacting buyers who are concerned about their security relative to regional rivals. We derive the equilibrium under a number of assumptions about market structure. This model is then used to evaluate the benefits and sustainability of a …
Military Expenditure and Growth in Less Developed Countries
This article analyzes the relationship between military expenditure and economic growth in less developed countries using cross-sectional evidence in a macrostatistical framework. Within the context of a fully specified empirical model it is found that military expenditure has a negative effect on growth and thus retards development. Specification sensitivity analysis is conducted to show that the results are robust
Capabilities and Well-Being: Evidence Based on the Sen-Nussbaum Approach to Welfare
The Demand for Military Expenditure
Journal Article The Demand for Military Expenditure Get access R. P. Smith R. P. Smith Birkbeck College, University of London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Economic Journal, Volume 90, Issue 360, 1 December 1980, Pages 811–820, https://doi.org/10.2307/2231744 Published: 01 December 1980
Current Account Solvency and the Feldstein--Horioka Puzzle
Journal Article Current Account Solvency and the Feldstein--Horioka Puzzle Get access Jerry Coakley, Jerry Coakley London Guildhall University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Farida Kulasi, Farida Kulasi London Guildhall University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Ron Smith Ron Smith Birkbeck College Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Sc…
The Demand for Arms Imports
This article presents estimates of demand functions for arms imports for a panel of 52 countries, 1981-99, where there are non-zero observations for both the main measures, WMEAT and SIPRI. In principle, the WMEAT series is a value measure, while the SIPRI series is a volume measure, thus the ratio is a proxy for price. A baseline static log-linear model that makes arms imports a function of this proxy for price, military expenditure and per capi…
Arms Export Controls and Proliferation
Given that there are a relatively small number of suppliers of major weapons systems, control fo arms exports is possible, and there are a variety of regulatory regimes striving to achieve this. Controls can stabilize regional arms races and reduce tensions. However, when buyers can develop the capability to produce conventional or unconventional weapons, arms export controls can increase the incentive for proliferation. The authors discuss a gen…
The Arms Trade and Arms Control
This paper constructs a dynamic model of the arms trade in which there are a small number of suppliers who care about the profits from the trade and the security consequences of the sale; and a large number of interacting buyers who are concerned about their security relative to regional rivals. We derive the equilibrium under a number of assumptions about market structure. This model is then used to evaluate the benefits and sustainability of a …
Needs, Costs and Bureaucracy: The Allocation of Public Consumption in the UK
The Development of Intergroup Forgiveness in Northern Ireland
As societies like Northern Ireland, Israel, and South Africa strive to resolve social conflict, there is growing theoretical and empirical interest in the role of intergroup forgiveness. This study examined intergroup forgiveness among 340 young adults in Northern Ireland. A short form of the Enright Forgiveness Inventory explored possible influences on propensity to forgive. All participants were Catholic and female (mean age 17.36 years), and h…
European technological collaboration
Journal Article European technological collaboration Get access European technological collaboration. By Margaret Sharpand Claire Shearman. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul for Royal Institute of International Affairs. 1987. 121pp. (Chatham House Papers 36.) Pb.: £5.95. ISBN 0 7102 1212 7. Ron Smith Ron Smith 1Birkbeck College, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 64, Issue 1,…
The economic costs of military conflict
There is a large literature on the economic costs of military conflict, which uses a variety of methods including accounting procedures, statistical models and event studies of how stock markets respond to news of conflict. This literature is not only subject to all the criticisms directed against cost-benefit analysis but also introduces an element of arbitrariness by not considering benefits. This article uses four questions to structure a disc…
The Economics of Exporting Arms
The international trade in arms has an important economic dimension which this paper attempts to examine. After reviewing the evolution of demand and supply, the implications of the current market structure for price and revenue are examined. This suggests that, in purely commercial terms, the promotion of arms exports by a country is not a profitable proposition. Given this, we consider why governments in supplier countries have nonetheless heav…
Quantitative Methods in Peace Research
Quantitative methods are an important component of peace research, since many of the issues addressed are inherently quantitative - the frequency and intensity of conflict, or the determination of military expenditures, for instance. This article argues that quantitative peace research could be improved if authors put more emphasis on the substantive issues and less on the mechanical application of rule-based, statistical techniques. After some m…
The Uk Defence Industrial Base
Towards a Composite Educational Research Methodology: Balancing the Authority Equation in Aboriginal Education
In northern Australia Aboriginal 'settlements' or communities are, in the main, the product of a variety of west-centric priorities, the needs, for example of missionaries to keep prospective converts conveniently at hand to maintain the pressure of the Christian conversion process or for government agencies to distribute welfare from single accessible locations. The establishment of fixed communities usually brought considerable advantage and po…
Military Expenditure and Development: The Economic Linkages
High rates of growth of military expenditure in the Third World have increased the military burden and made these countries a major market for weapons. This article examines the linkages by which military expenditure influences growth, capital formation, trade, debt and industry. The empirical evidence reviewed suggests that the net effect of military spending is to reduce growth. SOMMAIRE Dépense militaire et développement: le lien economique De…
Aspects of militarism
Although militarism is central to modern society, the analysis of it is very fragmented. This fragmentation arises because militarism is not a unitary phenomenon, but a portmanteau description covering a number of distinct aspects. These include: high levels of military expenditure; the militarisation of domestic social relations; the use of force in international relations; and the nuclear arms race. Each of the different aspects of militarism a…
Towards educational inclusion in a contested society: From critical analysis to creative action
This paper is written by democratic educators who stand for the idea that is it worth developing, through classrooms and schools, a socially just (egalitarian), anti-discriminatory society where interdependent relationships are valued. This paper significantly develops some of the ideas explored in the authors’ earlier contribution concerned with progress in Northern Ireland towards educational inclusion, and how this might more effectively advan…
Towards educational inclusion in a transforming society: Some lessons from community relations and special needs education in Northern Ireland
This paper focuses on the socially constructed ideas that have come to be given the status of taken‐for‐granted knowledge within not one, but two, fields of professional practice in Northern Irish schools; community relations and special needs education. Dominant discourses were viewed as constructing norms around which educational professionals approached issues to do with difference and social justice—differences of attainment and disability in…
The Prisoner's Dilemma and Regime-Switching in the Greek-Turkish Arms Race
Despite intensive investigation, little evidence has been found for a traditional Richardson-style arms race between Greece and Turkey using regression methods. This article uses an alternative model of the arms race, which treats it as a simple repeated two-by-two game such as the Prisoner's Dilemma, in which each country can choose a high or low share of military expenditure. This gives four possible states: both high; Greece high Turkey low; T…
Measuring the Peace Dividend in the United Kingdom
The changing strategic climate in Europe has led to considerable speculation about major cuts in military spending. This paper examines the economic implications of such reductions in military spending for the UK. The international economic and strategic context is discussed and then a multi-sectoral macro-economic model is used to evaluate the impact of cutting UK defence spending. The simulation results show that a reduction in military expendi…
African Literature Studies: The Present State / L'état présent
The New Cold War
This article on the new cold war continues our new section of C & C, which is intended to provide background information and analysis on current affairs. Our aim is that these articles should be short (no more than 3,500 words) as snappy as C & C contributors can make them, and free from the constraints of detailed research and lengthy footnotes that characterise our usual offerings. They can address any matter of topical concern, whether it be o…
Full Utilization of Manpower
Statistical Cost Estimation
Journal Article Statistical Cost Estimation Get access Statistical Cost Estimation. By JOEL DEAN. (London: Indiana University Press. 1977. Pp. xi + 499. £15.00.) R. P. Smith R. P. Smith Birkbeck College, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Economic Journal, Volume 88, Issue 349, 1 March 1978, Pages 149–150, https://doi.org/10.2307/2232023 Published: 01 March 1978
Interview with Jurgen Habermas Starnberg, March 23, 1979
The Demand for Military Expenditure
Journal Article The Demand for Military Expenditure Get access R. P. Smith R. P. Smith Birkbeck College, University of London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Economic Journal, Volume 90, Issue 360, 1 December 1980, Pages 811–820, https://doi.org/10.2307/2231744 Published: 01 December 1980
The New Cold War
This article on the new cold war continues our new section of C & C, which is intended to provide background information and analysis on current affairs. Our aim is that these articles should be short (no more than 3,500 words) as snappy as C & C contributors can make them, and free from the constraints of detailed research and lengthy footnotes that characterise our usual offerings. They can address any matter of topical concern, whether it be o…
The worker, the workplace, and the need for unemployment insurance
Le chômage et la dépendance des prestations de l'assurance chômage qui en découle ne peuvent s'expliquer uniquement en termes de compétence naturelle, d'éducation, de formation professionnelle ou d'expérience préalable du travailleur en tant qu'individu. Lorsqu'on analyse ces attributs, on constate que leurs effets sont médiatisés par l'influence du lieu de travail. Pour explorer cette proposition, nous nous servons d'un modèle segmentaire d'étab…
Military Expenditure and Growth in Less Developed Countries
This article analyzes the relationship between military expenditure and economic growth in less developed countries using cross-sectional evidence in a macrostatistical framework. Within the context of a fully specified empirical model it is found that military expenditure has a negative effect on growth and thus retards development. Specification sensitivity analysis is conducted to show that the results are robust
Aspects of militarism
Although militarism is central to modern society, the analysis of it is very fragmented. This fragmentation arises because militarism is not a unitary phenomenon, but a portmanteau description covering a number of distinct aspects. These include: high levels of military expenditure; the militarisation of domestic social relations; the use of force in international relations; and the nuclear arms race. Each of the different aspects of militarism a…
Needs, Costs and Bureaucracy: The Allocation of Public Consumption in the UK
Military Expenditure and Development: The Economic Linkages
High rates of growth of military expenditure in the Third World have increased the military burden and made these countries a major market for weapons. This article examines the linkages by which military expenditure influences growth, capital formation, trade, debt and industry. The empirical evidence reviewed suggests that the net effect of military spending is to reduce growth. SOMMAIRE Dépense militaire et développement: le lien economique De…
The future of the automobile: The report of MIT's international automobile program
Journal Article The future of the automobile: the report of MIT's international automobile program Get access The future of the automobile: the report of MIT's international automobile program. By Alan Altshuleret al. London: Allen & Unwin. 1984. 321 pp. Index. £15.00. ISBN 0 04 338114 6. R. P. Smith R. P. Smith 1Birkbeck College, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 61, Iss…
The Economics of Exporting Arms
The international trade in arms has an important economic dimension which this paper attempts to examine. After reviewing the evolution of demand and supply, the implications of the current market structure for price and revenue are examined. This suggests that, in purely commercial terms, the promotion of arms exports by a country is not a profitable proposition. Given this, we consider why governments in supplier countries have nonetheless heav…
African Literature Studies: The Present State / L'état présent
The Uk Defence Industrial Base
European technological collaboration
Journal Article European technological collaboration Get access European technological collaboration. By Margaret Sharpand Claire Shearman. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul for Royal Institute of International Affairs. 1987. 121pp. (Chatham House Papers 36.) Pb.: £5.95. ISBN 0 7102 1212 7. Ron Smith Ron Smith 1Birkbeck College, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 64, Issue 1,…
The economic and social effects of the spread of motor vehicles: An international centenary tribute
Journal Article The economic and social effects of the spread of motor vehicles: an international centenary tribute Get access The economic and social effects of the spread of motor vehicles: an international centenary tribute. Edited by Theo Barker. London: Macmillan. 1987. 324pp. Index. £35.00. ISBN 0 334 41299 0. R. P. Smith R. P. Smith 1Birkbeck College, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Internati…
Measuring the Peace Dividend in the United Kingdom
The changing strategic climate in Europe has led to considerable speculation about major cuts in military spending. This paper examines the economic implications of such reductions in military spending for the UK. The international economic and strategic context is discussed and then a multi-sectoral macro-economic model is used to evaluate the impact of cutting UK defence spending. The simulation results show that a reduction in military expendi…
Estimating long-run relationships from dynamic heterogeneous panels
Book Notes
The global spread of arms: Political economy of international security
Journal Article The global spread of arms: political economy of international security Get access The global spread of arms: political economy of international security. By Frederic S. Pearson. Boulder, CO, Oxford: Westview. 1994. 161pp. Index. £37.00; ISBN 0 8133 1573 5. Pb.: £9.50; ISBN 0 8133 1574 3. Ron Smith Ron Smith 1Birkbeck College, University of London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Internationa…
Power, Trade, and War
Journal Article Power, Trade, and War. Get access Power, Trade, and War. By Edward D. Mansfield. (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1994. Pp. xvii + 278. £26.00 hardback, US $35.00 hardback. ISBN 0 691 03288 2.)Allies, Adversaries, and International Trade. By Gowa Joanne. (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1994. Pp. xiv+148. £20.00 hardback, US $24.95 hardback. ISBN 0 691 03355 2-) Ron Smith Ron Smith Birkbeck College, Universit…
The Arms Trade and Arms Control
This paper constructs a dynamic model of the arms trade in which there are a small number of suppliers who care about the profits from the trade and the security consequences of the sale; and a large number of interacting buyers who are concerned about their security relative to regional rivals. We derive the equilibrium under a number of assumptions about market structure. This model is then used to evaluate the benefits and sustainability of a …
Current Account Solvency and the Feldstein--Horioka Puzzle
Journal Article Current Account Solvency and the Feldstein--Horioka Puzzle Get access Jerry Coakley, Jerry Coakley London Guildhall University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Farida Kulasi, Farida Kulasi London Guildhall University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Ron Smith Ron Smith Birkbeck College Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Sc…
Towards a Composite Educational Research Methodology: Balancing the Authority Equation in Aboriginal Education
In northern Australia Aboriginal 'settlements' or communities are, in the main, the product of a variety of west-centric priorities, the needs, for example of missionaries to keep prospective converts conveniently at hand to maintain the pressure of the Christian conversion process or for government agencies to distribute welfare from single accessible locations. The establishment of fixed communities usually brought considerable advantage and po…
Use of quantitative models in UK economic appraisal and policy-making
Quantitative models are used extensively in economic policy-making and forecasting. It is argued that the way that they are used is rather different from the usual formal account of their role, because of the political and social realities of the appraisal and policy-making process. After reviewing the standard account of the use of models, the paper provides an alternative account and attempts to document it with quotations from politicians and …
Economics (26 works) · Political science (24 works) · Computer Science (19 works) · Sociology (19 works) · Law (16 works) · Business (13 works) · Defense, Military, and Policy Studies (13 works) · Politics (10 works) · Law (9 works) · History (8 works)