Jim Phillips
Biographic Data
| ID | 3673811 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Jim Phillips |
| GIVEN NAMES | Jim |
| FAMILY NAME | Phillips |
| SIGNATURE | PHILLIPS J |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Glasgow |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-5183-9469 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 76 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 66 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 70 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 6 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1977 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
Black Essential Workers, Racialised Citizenship and Community ‘Friendliness’
The experiences of roughly 900 Black lumberjacks, serving in the British Honduran Forestry Unit in Scotland, demonstrate that citizenship for Essential Workers was racially constrained in Second World War Britain. These men, who produced timber for pit props, underpinning Britain’s industrial-military effort, are shown to have been undervalued economically, receiving 55 per cent of the basic weekly wage paid to comparable white foresters. The uni…
I Did Not Commit Adultery
This book chronicles the breakdown of the marriage of Robert and Eliza Campbell, a couple living in Whitby, Ontario. Their case precipitated a six-year battle in the Ontario courts and the Parliament of Canada in the 1870s. In the Court of Common Pleas, Robert Campbell successfully sued the man he alleged had seduced his wife for criminal conversation, and Eliza Campbell successfully sued Robert’s brother James Campbell for defamation. Eliza Camp…
The demise of parliamentary divorce in Ontario
The 1930 Divorce Act for Ontario, a federal statute, was a major landmark in Canadian divorce law. Before 1930, Ontario residents wanting a divorce had to secure a private Act of the federal Parliament, as did residents of Quebec and Prince Edward Island. People living in all other provinces had access to divorce through the provincial courts. It did not prove easy; five bills to grant divorce jurisdiction failed before the 1930 Act passed by a n…
Workforce Disability and the 1949 ‘Ineffectives’ Strike in London Docks
In April 1949 the employment of thirty-two registered dock workers in London was terminated because they were regarded as ‘ineffective’, incapable physically of performing the job. Their redundancies were briefly resisted through strike action. This ended when the Labour government threatened to prosecute strike leaders. The episode highlighted the social construction of disability in workplaces, often seen as a pronounced feature of labour marke…
Richard Charles Bosworth (Dick) Risk
Dick Risk was not just a leading scholar in the University of Toronto Faculty of Law, he was the founder of modern legal history in anglophone Canada. Before he began to research and write about the subject, the work that had been done in the area was ‘in equal measure antiquarian, descriptive and hagiographic.’ This article highlights two articles by Dick which are exemplars of his work. One, on the origins of workers’ compensation in Ontario, c…
Futures of Socialism
Coalfield Justice
Discover how oral histories helped achieve justice for Scottish miners victimised during the 1984-85 strike A novel analysis of the 1984-85 miners’ strike, examining the distinct injustices encountered by strikers in Scotland, who were twice as likely to be arrested as strikers in England and Wales, and three times as likely to be sacked Organised around the oral history testimonies of 30 former strikers and family members, mostly recorded during…
Coalfield Justice
In June 2022 former miners secured through the Scottish Parliament a collective pardon for convictions acquired during their 1984-85 strike. The distinct injustices facing Scottish strikers were finally recognised: twice as likely to be arrested as those in England and Wales and three times as likely to be sacked. This book analyses the injustices of the strike, and shows how the pardons were won, using thirty-seven oral history testimonies from …
The Fundamentals of Public Ownership
Public ownership has emerged as desirable and achievable in the United Kingdom in the 2020s. The ongoing water crisis in England and concerns about ‘greedflation’ in sectors such as electricity and gas following recent price rises have encouraged interest in public ownership. Informed discussion is compromised, however, by a gap in public knowledge. This partly stems from the distance of time, a generation or more, since publicly owned enterprise…
Essays in the History of Canadian Law, Volume XII
Drawing on engaging case studies, Essays in the History of Canadian Law brings the law to life. The contributors to this collection provide rich historical and social context for each case, unravelling the process of legal decision-making and explaining the impact of the law on the people involved in legal disputes. Examining the law not simply as legislation and institutions, but as discourse, practice, symbols, rhetoric, and language, the book'…
Is a unified model for patient empowerment possible or desirable
Background: Patient empowerment has a history going back to the 1960’s ( Kayser et al. BMC Health Services Research (2019) 19:242) and originates in the movement for greater citizen participation in societal decision-making (e.g. ‘power to the people’). In the decade of the 1970’s there was a related shift in some healthcare thinking. While there has been a proliferation of terms, such as citizen engagement, patient participation, patient empower…
Disability in Industrial Britain
Ten percent of male workers in the United Kingdom were employed in the coal industry in 1914. Coal's economic and employment prevalence came at immense human cost. No industry was more dangerous or injurious to the health of its workers. Major pit disasters arising from explosions and fires drew public attention, but more damaging were the everyday attrition effects of roof falls and the dust-ridden environment underground. Coalfield women shared…
Injustice, deindustrialisation and the 1984–1985 Miners’ Strike in Scotland
The transition out of coal production in Scotland was managed carefully in the 1960s and 1970s, prioritising workforce voice and communal security. Under Margaret Thatcher’s Conservative governments in the 1980s, the position changed abruptly. Colliery closures and redundancies accelerated; miners and coal communities were subject to political attack. The criminalisation and victimisation of union officials and activists during the 1984–1985 stri…
Jimmy Reid
Jimmy Reid was a major presence in British public life in the 1970s and 1980s and remained a notable figure in Scotland until his death in 2010. Bill Knox and Alan McKinlay have written a fine biography of him. Born in 1932 in Govan, a shipbuilding district south of the River Clyde in Glasgow, Reid was a communist, trade unionist, skilled engineer, and remarkable rhetorician. Knox and McKinlay are well qualified as his biographers. Their lengthy …
Labour Market in Crisis
The Upper Clyde Shipbuilders (UCS) work-in of 1971–2 is examined here within a moral-economy analysis of the longer history of deindustrialisation. Working-class expectations of security and voice in Scotland were cultivated by the management of industrial job losses from the late 1950s onwards. Labour governments were more trusted custodians of this moral economy than Conservative governments. Edward Heath’s Conservative government, elected in 1…
De-industrialization
Using a case study of one Scottish city, Dundee, this article addresses some of the tensions involved in the use of the concept of ‘de-industrialization’. Widely used to try to understand economic and social change in the post-war years, this term is complex and controversial. This article unravels some of this complexity, arguing that the term is potentially very helpful, but needs careful definition, nuanced application and recognition of its l…
Being a ‘Clydesider’ in the age of deindustrialisation
This article examines the relationship between long-running deindustrialisation and skilled male employment culture in the West of Scotland. The age of deindustrialisation is a valuable designation: the contraction of industrial production and employment in the United Kingdom was gradual rather than sudden, managed carefully in the 1960s and 1970s and then recklessly in the 1980s. In Scotland there was an important transition in the 1960s from es…
Deindustrialization, the Linwood Car Plant and Scotland’s Political Divergence from England in the 1960s and 1970s
Scotland's political divergence from England is a key theme in late twentieth century British history. Typically seen in terms of the post-1979 Thatcher effect, this in fact developed over a longer timeframe, rooted in industrial changes revealed by analysis of the Linwood car plant in Renfrewshire. Conservatism and Unionism was an eminent political force in Scotland in the 1940s and 1950s. But in all general elections from 1959 onwards the vote …
Economic Direction and Generational Change in Twentieth-Century Britain
Changes in economic direction in Britain in the twentieth century were incremental, rarely permanent, and strongly contested, although trends to deindustrialisation, widened inequality and the ostracism of trade unions from policy-making were clear by the mid-1980s. This followed the defeat of the striking miners in 1984–5, a decisive movement in macro-economic direction. This case study of the Scottish coalfields uses generational analysis to il…
The meanings of coal community in Britain since 1947
This article offers an original contribution to the literature on coal communities and the history of the coal industry in Britain by examining changes and contested interests within Britain's coal territories since nationalisation in 1947. The analysis is organised around three distinct but over-lapping meanings of coal community: economic locality, ideological communality and occupational group. As economic localities mining communities became …
Judicial Independence in British North America, 1825–67
It is well known that “formal” judicial independence—appointment on good behavior rather than at pleasure—was established in Britain with the 1701 Act of Settlement, and, like many other aspects of the English constitution, not exported to the colonies of either the First or the Second Empire. Its absence formed one of the allegations against the crown in the American Declaration of Independence, and the Constitution of the New Republic according…
Contested Memories
The miners' strike of 1984–5 is a site of contested memories. A debate in the Scottish Parliament on the 30 th anniversary in March 2014 highlighted three particular points of contention: the economics of coal and the social costs of closures; the strategies of the National Union of Mineworkers and the UK Conservative government; and the question of restorative justice for victimised strikers. This paper examines these controversies, measuring th…
The Closure of Michael Colliery in 1967 and the Politics of Deindustrialization in Scotland
Michael Colliery in east Fife was the largest National Coal Board (NCB) unit in Scotland when it closed in 1967, following a disastrous fire which killed nine miners. The NCB, operating within the constraints of the Labour government’s policy framework, decided not to invest in Michael’s recovery, although this would have secured profitable production within five years and access to thirty-plus years of coal reserves. This outcome, which had majo…
Deindustrialization and the Moral Economy of the Scottish Coalfields, 1947 to 1991
The long-running deindustrialization in the Scottish coalfields, the consequence of political decisions, took place in three distinct periods analyzed here: “restructuring,” 1958–1967, when, in response to union activism, a large number of closures was offset by government and industry initiatives to provide or stimulate alternative employment; “stabilization,” 1968–1977, when closures were minimized as the broader industrial economy slowed; and …
The British Miner in the Age of De-Industrialization
The meanings of coal community in Britain since 1947
This article offers an original contribution to the literature on coal communities and the history of the coal industry in Britain by examining changes and contested interests within Britain's coal territories since nationalisation in 1947. The analysis is organised around three distinct but over-lapping meanings of coal community: economic locality, ideological communality and occupational group. As economic localities mining communities became …
Transgressing the Moral Economy
This article illuminates the links between managerial style and political economy in post-1945 Britain, and explores the origins of the 1984–1985 miners' strike, by examining in longer historical context the abrasive attitudes and policies of Albert Wheeler, Scottish Area Director of the National Coal Board (NCB). Wheeler built on an earlier emphasis on production and economic criteria, and his micro-management reflected pre-existing centralising…
The 1972 Miners' Strike
The national miners' strike of 1972 is central to contemporary British history: it undermined Edward Heath's Conservative government and sharpened social conflict; the common interpretation of the strike as a ‘victory for violence’, shown here to be disingenuous, legitimised the Thatcherite attack on organised labour in the 1980s. This article examines the high politics of the strike, but situates popular agency – the actions and attitudes of the…
Deindustrialization, the Linwood Car Plant and Scotland’s Political Divergence from England in the 1960s and 1970s
Scotland's political divergence from England is a key theme in late twentieth century British history. Typically seen in terms of the post-1979 Thatcher effect, this in fact developed over a longer timeframe, rooted in industrial changes revealed by analysis of the Linwood car plant in Renfrewshire. Conservatism and Unionism was an eminent political force in Scotland in the 1940s and 1950s. But in all general elections from 1959 onwards the vote …
Business and the limited reconstruction of industrial relations in the UK in the 1970s
Industrial relations were reconstructed in the UK in the 1970s, but only in a limited way. This article examines how business preserved ultimate managerial prerogative in the organisation of the firm and the workplace by constraining the process of reconstruction. The analysis contributes to understanding of business in the 1970s and varieties of capitalism literature on comparative political economy by suggesting that changes in industrial relat…
Industrial Relations, Historical Contingencies and Political Economy
Historical literature on labour and industrial relations is broadly silent on theoretical questions; and management and industrial relations literature tends to overlook historical contingency. This article brings these different literatures into closer alignment, examining the concept of pluralism in industrial relations, indicating that the embeddedness of non-pluralist values among employers shaped the erosion of pluralist realities — joint in…
The Closure of Michael Colliery in 1967 and the Politics of Deindustrialization in Scotland
Michael Colliery in east Fife was the largest National Coal Board (NCB) unit in Scotland when it closed in 1967, following a disastrous fire which killed nine miners. The NCB, operating within the constraints of the Labour government’s policy framework, decided not to invest in Michael’s recovery, although this would have secured profitable production within five years and access to thirty-plus years of coal reserves. This outcome, which had majo…
Workplace Conflict and the Origins of the 1984-85 Miners' Strike in Scotland
Literature on the 1984–5 miners’ strike in Britain tends to be dominated by examination of peak level relations between the Conservative government, the National Coal Board and the National Union of Mineworkers (NUM). The strike is usually depicted as being illegitimately imposed, without a national ballot, on the industry and the miners by the NUM leadership. This article develops a more rounded perspective on the strike, by locating its origins…
Class and Industrial Relations in Britain
This article highlights important continuities in Britain's ‘longer’ mid-twentieth-century history, chiefly in industrial relations and social class divisions, which outweigh the discontinuities of the 1940s and 1950s that were emphasized in literature from the 1960s until perhaps the mid-1990s. The post-1950 ‘golden age’ advances by manual workers were located largely in pre-Second World War industrial relations, but class relations inherited fr…
Between State and Market
The first section of the book contains an overview of the charitable sector in Canada, a sociological review of altruism in different societies, a discussion of altruism in various philosophical and religious traditions, an economic analysis of "rational voluntarism," and an assessment of the relationship between the charitable sector and the welfare state. The second section contains five papers on the legal definition of charity, both general (…
The Postwar Political Consensus and Industrial Unrest in the Docks, 1945–55
Journal Article The Postwar Political Consensus and Industrial Unrest in the Docks, 1945–55 Get access JIM PHILLIPS JIM PHILLIPS University of Glasgow Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Twentieth Century British History, Volume 6, Issue 3, 1995, Pages 302–319, https://doi.org/10.1093/tcbh/6.3.302 Published: 01 January 1995
Deindustrialization and the Moral Economy of the Scottish Coalfields, 1947 to 1991
The long-running deindustrialization in the Scottish coalfields, the consequence of political decisions, took place in three distinct periods analyzed here: “restructuring,” 1958–1967, when, in response to union activism, a large number of closures was offset by government and industry initiatives to provide or stimulate alternative employment; “stabilization,” 1968–1977, when closures were minimized as the broader industrial economy slowed; and …
A Successor to the Moguls
Injustice, deindustrialisation and the 1984–1985 Miners’ Strike in Scotland
The transition out of coal production in Scotland was managed carefully in the 1960s and 1970s, prioritising workforce voice and communal security. Under Margaret Thatcher’s Conservative governments in the 1980s, the position changed abruptly. Colliery closures and redundancies accelerated; miners and coal communities were subject to political attack. The criminalisation and victimisation of union officials and activists during the 1984–1985 stri…
De-industrialization
Using a case study of one Scottish city, Dundee, this article addresses some of the tensions involved in the use of the concept of ‘de-industrialization’. Widely used to try to understand economic and social change in the post-war years, this term is complex and controversial. This article unravels some of this complexity, arguing that the term is potentially very helpful, but needs careful definition, nuanced application and recognition of its l…
Economic Direction and Generational Change in Twentieth-Century Britain
Changes in economic direction in Britain in the twentieth century were incremental, rarely permanent, and strongly contested, although trends to deindustrialisation, widened inequality and the ostracism of trade unions from policy-making were clear by the mid-1980s. This followed the defeat of the striking miners in 1984–5, a decisive movement in macro-economic direction. This case study of the Scottish coalfields uses generational analysis to il…
Contested Memories
The miners' strike of 1984–5 is a site of contested memories. A debate in the Scottish Parliament on the 30 th anniversary in March 2014 highlighted three particular points of contention: the economics of coal and the social costs of closures; the strategies of the National Union of Mineworkers and the UK Conservative government; and the question of restorative justice for victimised strikers. This paper examines these controversies, measuring th…
Oceanspan
Oceanspan was a grand design for Scotland's economic, industrial and social regeneration. It attempted to position Scotland as a land bridge between the Atlantic Ocean and Continental Europe: raw materials would flow in from the west, utilising the deep water of the Firth of Clyde, and be converted into finished goods for export across the North Sea. The chief architect of the plan was William Lithgow, the Port Glasgow shipbuilder, and it was pub…
Sophisticates or Dupes? Attitudes toward Food Consumers in Edwardian Britain
In this article, we explore how reformers, manufacturers, and traders perceived British food consumers and the significance of those perceptions in debates about food quality and regulation. By considering basic commodities, our analysis extends a literature on consumption that is otherwise derived primarily from the study of luxury commodities, and it identifies conflicting images of the interests, competence, and concerns of early twentieth-cen…
Labour and the Cold War
The Pure Beer Campaign and Arsenic Poisoning, 1896–1903
In the 1880s English farmers and their political representatives began a long campaign for tighter control of beer ingredients. The chief aim of the campaign, which continued intermittently until the 1920s, was to increase demand for English barley and hops. The proposed measures were variously introduced in Parliament by farming MPs as ‘Beer’, ‘Pure Beer’, and even ‘British Beer’ Bills; each sought to limit, or in some cases prohibit, the use of…
The Exclusive Economic Zone as a Concept in International Law
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The Exclusive Economic Zone as a Concept in International Law
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George Grenville
"George Grenville: A Political Life, by Philip Lawson." Canadian Journal of History, 20(2), pp. 280–281
A Successor to the Moguls
Private profit and imperialism in eighteenth century southern India
Parliament and Southern India, 1781–3
Law and Justice in a New Land
Journal Article Vertebrates of the United States Get access Knafla L. A.. Vertebrates of the United States. Carswells, Toronto, 1986. xv, 379 pp. Can $49.50. Jim Phillips Jim Phillips Dalhousie University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Legal History, Volume 32, Issue 1, January 1988, Pages 82–83, https://doi.org/10.2307/845997 Published: 01 January 1988
Essays in the History of Canadian Law
Common Law Aboriginal Title
Possession and title to land in English law - the old real actions, the action of ejectment, abandonment of possession the Crown's title to lands in England - the origin and effect of the Doctrine of Tenures, possession and the record of the Crown's title, exceptional lands the acquisition of territorial sovereignty by the Crown - methods of acquisition of territory, criteria for classifying colonies title to land in uninhabited settled territori…
Essays in the History of Canadian Law. Vol. 3, Nova Scotia
Journal Article Essays in the History of Canadian Law Get access Girard Philip Phillips Jim. Essays in the History of Canadian Law. vol. 3, Nova Scotia. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1990, xii, 369 pp. $50.00. Gordon Morris Bakken Gordon Morris Bakken California State University, Fullerton Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Legal History, Volume 35, Issue 3, July 1991, Pages 324–32…
The Operation of the Royal Pardon in Nova Scotia, 1749-1815
The Rule of Law in a Penal Colony
Journal Article The Rule of Law in a Penal Colony: Law and Power in Early New South Wales Get access Neal David, The Rule of Law in a Penal Colony: Law and Power in Early New South Wales. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1992. xiv, 266 pp. $59.50. Jim Phillips Jim Phillips University of Toronto Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Legal History, Volume 37, Issue 4, October 1993, Pages 5…
Essays in the History of Canadian Law
The volume covers criminal justice history at various times in British Columbia, Ontario, Quebec, and the Maritimes. It is a study which opens up greater vistas of understanding to all those interested in the interstices of law, crime, and punishment.
Essays in the History of Canadian Law. Vol. 5
Journal Article Essays in the History of Canadian Law. Vol. 5: Crime and Criminal Justice Get access Phillips Jim Loo Tina Lewthwaite Susan, eds. Essays in the History of Canadian Law. Vol. 5: Crime and Criminal Justice. Toronto: Osgoode Society for Canadian Legal History, 1994. xv, 583 pp. $70.00 (cloth), $45.00 (paper). Greg Marquis Greg Marquis Saint Mary's University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Ame…
The Postwar Political Consensus and Industrial Unrest in the Docks, 1945–55
Journal Article The Postwar Political Consensus and Industrial Unrest in the Docks, 1945–55 Get access JIM PHILLIPS JIM PHILLIPS University of Glasgow Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Twentieth Century British History, Volume 6, Issue 3, 1995, Pages 302–319, https://doi.org/10.1093/tcbh/6.3.302 Published: 01 January 1995
Recent Publications in Canadian Legal History
Legal history is a relatively new field in Canada, and this review essay looks at nine recently published monographs in Canadian legal history. It provides individual reviews and sets each book in the context of other work done in the field. The author argues that the work currently being produced is mixed. Some of the books on lawyers and judges lack a critical eye and a sense of context, and the first general history of crime and punishment is …
The Great Alliance
Labour in power, 1945-1950 on the waterfront unofficial dock strikes, July 1945 to February 1950 communist conspiracies? allegations and reality the alliance under strain, 1950-51 conclusion - the great alliance
The Pure Beer Campaign and Arsenic Poisoning, 1896–1903
In the 1880s English farmers and their political representatives began a long campaign for tighter control of beer ingredients. The chief aim of the campaign, which continued intermittently until the 1920s, was to increase demand for English barley and hops. The proposed measures were variously introduced in Parliament by farming MPs as ‘Beer’, ‘Pure Beer’, and even ‘British Beer’ Bills; each sought to limit, or in some cases prohibit, the use of…
Qualities of Mercy
Journal Article Qualities of Mercy: Justice, Punishment, and Discretion Get access Strange Carolyn, ed., Qualities of Mercy: Justice, Punishment, and Discretion. Vancouver. UBC Press, 1996. xi, 186 pp. $65.00. Jim Phillips Jim Phillips University of Toronto Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Legal History, Volume 42, Issue 1, January 1998, Pages 109–111, https://doi.org/10.2307/846034 Publ…
Essays in the History of Canadian Law
Labour and the Cold War
Berridge, Health and Society in Britain since 1939
Ronald JOHNSTON and ARTHUR J. McIvor, Lethal Work. A History of the Asbestos Tragedy in Scotland
Homicide in Nova Scotia, 1749-1815
Cette etude porte sur les homicides commis en Nouvelle-Ecosse au XVIII e siecle et au debut du XIX e siecle. L'etude est basee sur des cas qui ont fait l'objet de poursuites judiciaires. Le taux d'homicide a Halifax fut tres eleve par rapport a celui des autres communautes atlantiques durant la meme periode, et particulierement par rapport au taux d'homicide pour le reste de la Nouvelle-Ecosse. Le taux tres eleve enregistre a Halifax est imputabl…
Ian Macdougall, Voices From Work and Home
Essays in the History of Canadian Law, Volume VIII
Political science (63 works) · Law (50 works) · Law (39 works) · Sociology (34 works) · History (32 works) · Politics (30 works) · Economics (23 works) · Canadian Identity and History (22 works) · History (22 works) · Political and Economic history of UK and US (21 works)