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Beatrice Leung

Biographic Data

ID3675282
NAMEBeatrice Leung
GIVEN NAMESBeatrice
FAMILY NAMELeung
SIGNATURELEUNG B
AFFILIATIONSLingnan University
VERIFIEDNo
TOTAL WORKS17
TOTAL CITATIONS28
AUTHOR COUNT16
EDITOR COUNT1
FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR1998
LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR2025
H-INDEX3
  • The Palgrave Handbook of the Catholic Church in East Asia

    Open Access•Cindy Yik-yi Chu, Beatrice Leung•BOOK•The Palgrave Handbook of the…•2025

  • The Catholic Church in Taiwan: Birth, Growth and Development

    Beatrice Leung, Ellen Mary Mylod et al.•BOOK•The Catholic Church in Taiwan•2017

  • Sino–Vatican Negotiations: Problems in sovereign right and national security

    Beatrice Leung, Marcus J J Wang•ARTICLE•Journal of Contemporary China•2016•Cited by: 3

    This article, in the context of sovereignty, discusses problems put to China and the Vatican in their long course of negotiations (1987–) which aim at a reconciliation. China’s past experience in negotiating with major powers (US and Great Britain) are reviewed while the Vatican’s aim of negotiating a concordat is also explained. The societal factors from the current Chinese political landscape, including social unrest as well as the Taiwan facto…

  • The Portuguese Appeasement Policy in Macau's Church and State Relations

    Beatrice Leung•ARTICLE•Journal of Contemporary China•2010•Cited by: 2

    For the last four centuries, under the policy of the Portuguese Padroado1454, the Macau Catholic Church has been closely associated with the Portuguese rulers of Macau in governing this 'Chinese territory under the Portuguese rule'. This church–state relationship in Macau before the Chinese takeover (1999) and after has become a client–patron relationship under the shadow of the Portuguese appeasement policy. In the context of the appeasement pol…

  • Religious Diversity and Public Religion in China

    Beatrice Leung•ARTICLE•Religion State & Society•2009

    Religious Diversity and Public Religion in China by Zhibin Xie. Aldershot: Ashgate. 2006, viii+160 pp. This book was originally a doctoral thesis from the Department of Philosophy at the University

  • Sino–Vatican Relations at the Century's Turn

    Beatrice Leung•ARTICLE•Journal of Contemporary China•2005

    In this article we discuss Sino–Vatican relations which have not evolved from dispute into rapprochement. Changes in the international political landscape have added new complications to old questions. The course of this relationship has not been smooth due to the ideological questions. The Chinese Communist Party and the Vatican have been struggling for teaching authority over 12 million Chinese Catholics over the last few decades. The fundament…

  • Chinese Catholic Sisters in the Modernization Era: Problems and Contributions

    Open Access•Beatrice Leung•ARTICLE•China Information•2004•Cited by: 1•References: 14

    This article aims to explore the contributions of Chinese Catholic sisters in the Deng-Jiang era by examining their way of life and the problems they face within and outside the church structure. In the course of this discussion, we look at the history of Chinese Catholic sisters and the harassment they experienced in Maoist China. In discussing the sisters' way of life, we discover that they face important problems: difficulties with recruitment…

  • Catholic Religious Orders of Women in China: Adaptation and Power

    Open Access•Beatrice Leung, Patricia Wittberg•ARTICLE•Journal for the Scientific Study…•2004•Cited by: 2•References: 10

    Although sociologists have argued that religious orders fulfill the same creative functions within Catholicism that sectarian groups perform for Protestantism, no research has examined whether the orders can serve this function in non-Western societies where Catholics are a minority. This article examines Catholic religious orders of women in mainland China today. Both internal and external factors prevent Chinese sisters from gaining the power a…

  • Changing Church and State Relations in Hong Kong, 1950–2000

    Beatrice Leung, Shun-Hing Chan et al.•BOOK•Changing Church and State…•2003

    The transition of the Churches from the traditional colonial setting of Hong Kong in the aftermath of World War II to the mature Christian community of post-industrial, post-colonial Hong Kong is analysed with considerable skill by Beatrice Leung Kit-fun and Shun-hing Chan... The two authors add significantly to our understanding of the dilemmas which confronted not only the Churches in adjusting to the transition from British rule but the wider …

  • China and Falun Gong: Party and society relations in the modern era

    Beatrice Leung•ARTICLE•Journal of Contemporary China•2002•Cited by: 9•References: 1

    This article aims at giving an in-depth analysis on Falun Gong through a discussion of the determining and underlying reasons behind the phenomenon. From a political-sociological perspective, Falun Gong is taken as a quasi-religion which was able to function, first under political disapproval and then under severe legal constraints, thanks to a combination of modern day communication technology, indigenous Chinese culture and changes in state/Par…

  • Organizational Revivalism: Explaining Metamorphosis of China's Catholic Church

    Open Access•William T Liu, Beatrice Leung•ARTICLE•Journal for the Scientific Study…•2002•Cited by: 4

    The classical works of Troelsch and Niebuhr suggested that sect movements had been the origin of reform and revitalization of the church. More recently, Finke and Wittberg supplemented that thesis by suggesting that the Catholic Church was able to reform itself not through the sect development, but through the establishment of religious orders within the Catholic Church itself. This article suggests, from historical and contemporary archival sour…

  • Church-State Relations in Hong Kong and Macau: From Colonial Rule to Chinese Rule

    Beatrice Leung•ARTICLE•Citizenship Studies•2001•Cited by: 2•References: 2

    This article chronicles the different paths of development taken by the Hong Kong and Macau branches of the Catholic church since the postwar era. The former became a full partner with the old colonial government in its bid to build Hong Kong into a world-class financial centre, while the latter remains subservient to the pro-China element. Both, however, face difficult challenges as the colonies they inhabit revert to Chinese rule, and nowhere m…

  • Communist Party-Vatican Interplay Over the Training of Church Leaders in China

    Open Access•Beatrice Leung•ARTICLE•Journal for the Scientific Study…•2001•Cited by: 2

    The Catholic Church could not compromise with Communist states due to ideological incompatibility between atheist Marxism-Leninism and religious beliefs. Christianity, in the perception of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), had been closely linked with 'foreign cultural imperialism'. This study examines the clash of authority between the CCP and Catholic Church over seminary training, elucidating the CCP's desire to retain institutional and ideol…

  • Catholic Bridging Efforts with China

    Beatrice Leung•ARTICLE•Religion State & Society•2000

    Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) in intestinal mucosa plays a key role in the inflammation characterizing Crohn's disease (CD). Moreover, adhesion molecule syndecan-1 mediates the maintenance of mucosal integrity and supports tissue repair. Therefore, our aim in this study was to correlate simultaneous expression of TNFalpha and syndecan-1 in patients affected by CD. Biopsies from 10 patients with CD of large bowel and 10 subjects with irri…

  • The Voting Propensity of Hong Kong Christians: Individual Disposition, Church Influence, and the China Factor

    Open Access•Che‐po Chan, Che Po Chan et al.•ARTICLE•Journal for the Scientific Study…•2000•Cited by: 1

    Considering China's history of unfavorable treatment of mainland Chinese Christians, the authors hypothesize that Christians in Hong Kong reflected their concern over the future protection of religious freedom during the 1995 Legislative Council election, the last election before the handover of the British colony to Chinese sovereignty. We have looked at the relative contributions of individual disposition, the China factor and church influence …

  • Has the Chinese Focus on Hong Kong Led to the Neglect of Macau

    Beatrice Leung•ARTICLE•Asian Affairs An American Review•1999

    service is unprepared, and there may be a severe shortage of qualified, experienced senior and mid-level officials. Law and order are greatly compromised, as terrorism has escalated from past years' gang fights, street crimes, and arson.' There is real danger that this second example of the operation of one country, two systems could turn out badly, despite the apparent cordiality of the Chinese-Portuguese negotiations and the process of transiti…

  • Church‐state relations in the decolonisation period: Hong Kong and Macau

    Beatrice Leung•ARTICLE•Religion State & Society•1998•Cited by: 2•References: 2

    (1998). Church‐state relations in the decolonisation period: Hong Kong and Macau. Religion, State and Society: Vol. 26, No. 1, pp. 17-30

  • China and Falun Gong: Party and society relations in the modern era

    Beatrice Leung•ARTICLE•Journal of Contemporary China•2002•Cited by: 9•References: 1

    This article aims at giving an in-depth analysis on Falun Gong through a discussion of the determining and underlying reasons behind the phenomenon. From a political-sociological perspective, Falun Gong is taken as a quasi-religion which was able to function, first under political disapproval and then under severe legal constraints, thanks to a combination of modern day communication technology, indigenous Chinese culture and changes in state/Par…

  • Organizational Revivalism: Explaining Metamorphosis of China's Catholic Church

    Open Access•William T Liu, Beatrice Leung•ARTICLE•Journal for the Scientific Study…•2002•Cited by: 4

    The classical works of Troelsch and Niebuhr suggested that sect movements had been the origin of reform and revitalization of the church. More recently, Finke and Wittberg supplemented that thesis by suggesting that the Catholic Church was able to reform itself not through the sect development, but through the establishment of religious orders within the Catholic Church itself. This article suggests, from historical and contemporary archival sour…

  • Sino–Vatican Negotiations: Problems in sovereign right and national security

    Beatrice Leung, Marcus J J Wang•ARTICLE•Journal of Contemporary China•2016•Cited by: 3

    This article, in the context of sovereignty, discusses problems put to China and the Vatican in their long course of negotiations (1987–) which aim at a reconciliation. China’s past experience in negotiating with major powers (US and Great Britain) are reviewed while the Vatican’s aim of negotiating a concordat is also explained. The societal factors from the current Chinese political landscape, including social unrest as well as the Taiwan facto…

  • The Portuguese Appeasement Policy in Macau's Church and State Relations

    Beatrice Leung•ARTICLE•Journal of Contemporary China•2010•Cited by: 2

    For the last four centuries, under the policy of the Portuguese Padroado1454, the Macau Catholic Church has been closely associated with the Portuguese rulers of Macau in governing this 'Chinese territory under the Portuguese rule'. This church–state relationship in Macau before the Chinese takeover (1999) and after has become a client–patron relationship under the shadow of the Portuguese appeasement policy. In the context of the appeasement pol…

  • Catholic Religious Orders of Women in China: Adaptation and Power

    Open Access•Beatrice Leung, Patricia Wittberg•ARTICLE•Journal for the Scientific Study…•2004•Cited by: 2•References: 10

    Although sociologists have argued that religious orders fulfill the same creative functions within Catholicism that sectarian groups perform for Protestantism, no research has examined whether the orders can serve this function in non-Western societies where Catholics are a minority. This article examines Catholic religious orders of women in mainland China today. Both internal and external factors prevent Chinese sisters from gaining the power a…

  • Church-State Relations in Hong Kong and Macau: From Colonial Rule to Chinese Rule

    Beatrice Leung•ARTICLE•Citizenship Studies•2001•Cited by: 2•References: 2

    This article chronicles the different paths of development taken by the Hong Kong and Macau branches of the Catholic church since the postwar era. The former became a full partner with the old colonial government in its bid to build Hong Kong into a world-class financial centre, while the latter remains subservient to the pro-China element. Both, however, face difficult challenges as the colonies they inhabit revert to Chinese rule, and nowhere m…

  • Communist Party-Vatican Interplay Over the Training of Church Leaders in China

    Open Access•Beatrice Leung•ARTICLE•Journal for the Scientific Study…•2001•Cited by: 2

    The Catholic Church could not compromise with Communist states due to ideological incompatibility between atheist Marxism-Leninism and religious beliefs. Christianity, in the perception of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), had been closely linked with 'foreign cultural imperialism'. This study examines the clash of authority between the CCP and Catholic Church over seminary training, elucidating the CCP's desire to retain institutional and ideol…

  • Church‐state relations in the decolonisation period: Hong Kong and Macau

    Beatrice Leung•ARTICLE•Religion State & Society•1998•Cited by: 2•References: 2

    (1998). Church‐state relations in the decolonisation period: Hong Kong and Macau. Religion, State and Society: Vol. 26, No. 1, pp. 17-30

  • Chinese Catholic Sisters in the Modernization Era: Problems and Contributions

    Open Access•Beatrice Leung•ARTICLE•China Information•2004•Cited by: 1•References: 14

    This article aims to explore the contributions of Chinese Catholic sisters in the Deng-Jiang era by examining their way of life and the problems they face within and outside the church structure. In the course of this discussion, we look at the history of Chinese Catholic sisters and the harassment they experienced in Maoist China. In discussing the sisters' way of life, we discover that they face important problems: difficulties with recruitment…

  • The Voting Propensity of Hong Kong Christians: Individual Disposition, Church Influence, and the China Factor

    Open Access•Che‐po Chan, Che Po Chan et al.•ARTICLE•Journal for the Scientific Study…•2000•Cited by: 1

    Considering China's history of unfavorable treatment of mainland Chinese Christians, the authors hypothesize that Christians in Hong Kong reflected their concern over the future protection of religious freedom during the 1995 Legislative Council election, the last election before the handover of the British colony to Chinese sovereignty. We have looked at the relative contributions of individual disposition, the China factor and church influence …

  • Church‐state relations in the decolonisation period: Hong Kong and Macau

    Beatrice Leung•ARTICLE•Religion State & Society•1998•Cited by: 2•References: 2

    (1998). Church‐state relations in the decolonisation period: Hong Kong and Macau. Religion, State and Society: Vol. 26, No. 1, pp. 17-30

  • Has the Chinese Focus on Hong Kong Led to the Neglect of Macau

    Beatrice Leung•ARTICLE•Asian Affairs An American Review•1999

    service is unprepared, and there may be a severe shortage of qualified, experienced senior and mid-level officials. Law and order are greatly compromised, as terrorism has escalated from past years' gang fights, street crimes, and arson.' There is real danger that this second example of the operation of one country, two systems could turn out badly, despite the apparent cordiality of the Chinese-Portuguese negotiations and the process of transiti…

  • Catholic Bridging Efforts with China

    Beatrice Leung•ARTICLE•Religion State & Society•2000

    Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) in intestinal mucosa plays a key role in the inflammation characterizing Crohn's disease (CD). Moreover, adhesion molecule syndecan-1 mediates the maintenance of mucosal integrity and supports tissue repair. Therefore, our aim in this study was to correlate simultaneous expression of TNFalpha and syndecan-1 in patients affected by CD. Biopsies from 10 patients with CD of large bowel and 10 subjects with irri…

  • The Voting Propensity of Hong Kong Christians: Individual Disposition, Church Influence, and the China Factor

    Open Access•Che‐po Chan, Che Po Chan et al.•ARTICLE•Journal for the Scientific Study…•2000•Cited by: 1

    Considering China's history of unfavorable treatment of mainland Chinese Christians, the authors hypothesize that Christians in Hong Kong reflected their concern over the future protection of religious freedom during the 1995 Legislative Council election, the last election before the handover of the British colony to Chinese sovereignty. We have looked at the relative contributions of individual disposition, the China factor and church influence …

  • Church-State Relations in Hong Kong and Macau: From Colonial Rule to Chinese Rule

    Beatrice Leung•ARTICLE•Citizenship Studies•2001•Cited by: 2•References: 2

    This article chronicles the different paths of development taken by the Hong Kong and Macau branches of the Catholic church since the postwar era. The former became a full partner with the old colonial government in its bid to build Hong Kong into a world-class financial centre, while the latter remains subservient to the pro-China element. Both, however, face difficult challenges as the colonies they inhabit revert to Chinese rule, and nowhere m…

  • Communist Party-Vatican Interplay Over the Training of Church Leaders in China

    Open Access•Beatrice Leung•ARTICLE•Journal for the Scientific Study…•2001•Cited by: 2

    The Catholic Church could not compromise with Communist states due to ideological incompatibility between atheist Marxism-Leninism and religious beliefs. Christianity, in the perception of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), had been closely linked with 'foreign cultural imperialism'. This study examines the clash of authority between the CCP and Catholic Church over seminary training, elucidating the CCP's desire to retain institutional and ideol…

  • China and Falun Gong: Party and society relations in the modern era

    Beatrice Leung•ARTICLE•Journal of Contemporary China•2002•Cited by: 9•References: 1

    This article aims at giving an in-depth analysis on Falun Gong through a discussion of the determining and underlying reasons behind the phenomenon. From a political-sociological perspective, Falun Gong is taken as a quasi-religion which was able to function, first under political disapproval and then under severe legal constraints, thanks to a combination of modern day communication technology, indigenous Chinese culture and changes in state/Par…

  • Organizational Revivalism: Explaining Metamorphosis of China's Catholic Church

    Open Access•William T Liu, Beatrice Leung•ARTICLE•Journal for the Scientific Study…•2002•Cited by: 4

    The classical works of Troelsch and Niebuhr suggested that sect movements had been the origin of reform and revitalization of the church. More recently, Finke and Wittberg supplemented that thesis by suggesting that the Catholic Church was able to reform itself not through the sect development, but through the establishment of religious orders within the Catholic Church itself. This article suggests, from historical and contemporary archival sour…

  • Changing Church and State Relations in Hong Kong, 1950–2000

    Beatrice Leung, Shun-Hing Chan et al.•BOOK•Changing Church and State…•2003

    The transition of the Churches from the traditional colonial setting of Hong Kong in the aftermath of World War II to the mature Christian community of post-industrial, post-colonial Hong Kong is analysed with considerable skill by Beatrice Leung Kit-fun and Shun-hing Chan... The two authors add significantly to our understanding of the dilemmas which confronted not only the Churches in adjusting to the transition from British rule but the wider …

  • Chinese Catholic Sisters in the Modernization Era: Problems and Contributions

    Open Access•Beatrice Leung•ARTICLE•China Information•2004•Cited by: 1•References: 14

    This article aims to explore the contributions of Chinese Catholic sisters in the Deng-Jiang era by examining their way of life and the problems they face within and outside the church structure. In the course of this discussion, we look at the history of Chinese Catholic sisters and the harassment they experienced in Maoist China. In discussing the sisters' way of life, we discover that they face important problems: difficulties with recruitment…

  • Catholic Religious Orders of Women in China: Adaptation and Power

    Open Access•Beatrice Leung, Patricia Wittberg•ARTICLE•Journal for the Scientific Study…•2004•Cited by: 2•References: 10

    Although sociologists have argued that religious orders fulfill the same creative functions within Catholicism that sectarian groups perform for Protestantism, no research has examined whether the orders can serve this function in non-Western societies where Catholics are a minority. This article examines Catholic religious orders of women in mainland China today. Both internal and external factors prevent Chinese sisters from gaining the power a…

  • Sino–Vatican Relations at the Century's Turn

    Beatrice Leung•ARTICLE•Journal of Contemporary China•2005

    In this article we discuss Sino–Vatican relations which have not evolved from dispute into rapprochement. Changes in the international political landscape have added new complications to old questions. The course of this relationship has not been smooth due to the ideological questions. The Chinese Communist Party and the Vatican have been struggling for teaching authority over 12 million Chinese Catholics over the last few decades. The fundament…

  • Religious Diversity and Public Religion in China

    Beatrice Leung•ARTICLE•Religion State & Society•2009

    Religious Diversity and Public Religion in China by Zhibin Xie. Aldershot: Ashgate. 2006, viii+160 pp. This book was originally a doctoral thesis from the Department of Philosophy at the University

  • The Portuguese Appeasement Policy in Macau's Church and State Relations

    Beatrice Leung•ARTICLE•Journal of Contemporary China•2010•Cited by: 2

    For the last four centuries, under the policy of the Portuguese Padroado1454, the Macau Catholic Church has been closely associated with the Portuguese rulers of Macau in governing this 'Chinese territory under the Portuguese rule'. This church–state relationship in Macau before the Chinese takeover (1999) and after has become a client–patron relationship under the shadow of the Portuguese appeasement policy. In the context of the appeasement pol…

  • Sino–Vatican Negotiations: Problems in sovereign right and national security

    Beatrice Leung, Marcus J J Wang•ARTICLE•Journal of Contemporary China•2016•Cited by: 3

    This article, in the context of sovereignty, discusses problems put to China and the Vatican in their long course of negotiations (1987–) which aim at a reconciliation. China’s past experience in negotiating with major powers (US and Great Britain) are reviewed while the Vatican’s aim of negotiating a concordat is also explained. The societal factors from the current Chinese political landscape, including social unrest as well as the Taiwan facto…

  • The Catholic Church in Taiwan: Birth, Growth and Development

    Beatrice Leung, Ellen Mary Mylod et al.•BOOK•The Catholic Church in Taiwan•2017

  • The Palgrave Handbook of the Catholic Church in East Asia

    Open Access•Cindy Yik-yi Chu, Beatrice Leung•BOOK•The Palgrave Handbook of the…•2025

Law (14 works) · Political science (14 works) · China (12 works) · Sociology (11 works) · Politics (10 works) · Law (8 works) · Philosophy (7 works) · Religion and Society Interactions (7 works) · History (6 works) · Chinese history and philosophy (5 works)

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