William A Fisher
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 3687301 |
|---|---|
| NOME | William A Fisher |
| PRENOMES | William A |
| SOBRENOME | Fisher |
| ASSINATURA | FISHER W A |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Western University |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 61 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 572 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 61 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1978 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2024 |
| ÍNDICE H | 13 |
What types of pornographic content are people using? A mixed-method analysis that highlights differences by gender and relationship context of use
Although content differences in pornography play an acknowledged role in many theories concerning the use and consequences of such material, relatively few studies have attempted to describe and understand the use of different types of pornography. To begin to address this gap, N = 367 participants who were in predominately mixed-sex relationships were asked open-ended questions about the pornography they used alone and the pornography they used …
Revisiting the Role of Pornography Use in the Confluence Model Theory of Sexual Aggression
This research tested Confluence Model reasoning that pornography use should be related to sexual aggression among men who are high but not low in the predisposing risk factors of hostile masculinity (HM) and impersonal sexuality (IS). This hypothesis was examined with three online surveys of young adult males, including an American Mechanical Turk sample ( N 1 = 1,528, M age = 22.46 years); a national sample of Canadian students ( N 2 = 1,049, M …
No Gender Differences in Enrollment for Replicated, Minimally-Different ‘Pornographic’ Versus ‘Photographic’ Studies
Objective: Since women tend to use pornography less, they may enroll less in studies concerning it and/or those who do may be gender-atypical. Methods: One study plus replication, assessed proportion of participants reporting being women, responding to each of two, minimally different (one including the word “pornographic”) study advertisement versions, and their pornography use frequency, Erotophilia-Erotophobia, and Openness to Experience. Resu…
Understanding Influenza Vaccination During Pregnancy in Canada
To improve uptake of influenza vaccine in pregnancy, it is important to understand the factors that predict prenatal vaccination. The aim of this study was to test the capability of the theory of planned behavior, augmented with information constructs, to predict and explain influenza vaccination uptake in a sample of 600 pregnant individuals in Canada. A baseline survey at the start of influenza season assessed beliefs, norms, perceived control,…
A dyadic approach to understanding safer sex behavior in intimate heterosexual relationships
This study applied a dyadic approach to condom-use research. Partners from 124 heterosexual couples independently completed a questionnaire assessing condom-related attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and intentions to use condoms. Results demonstrate the superiority of a dyadic approach to understanding couples' condom-use intentions and behavior over traditional, individual-level approaches. The addition of partner effect…
Surveying Pornography Use
A great deal of pornography research relies on dubious measurements. Measurement of pornography use has been highly variable across studies and existing measurement approaches have not been developed using standard psychometric practices nor have they addressed construct validation or reliability. This state of affairs is problematic for the accumulation of knowledge about the nature of pornography use, its antecedents, correlates, and consequenc…
An Exploration of Factors That Influence Enactment of Affirmative Consent Behaviors
Affirmative sexual consent, which is ongoing, continuous, and clearly communicated, appears to be highly inconsistent with the way in which individuals actually negotiate their sexual interactions. The current qualitative research proposes an Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills (IMB) model of sexual consent behavior and elicits, from young, sexually active informants, elements of information, motivation, and behavioral skills that appear to …
Pornography's associations with open sexual communication and relationship closeness vary as a function of dyadic patterns of pornography use within heterosexual relationships
Couples who use pornography together (shared pornography use) and couples in which both members use pornography alone (concordant solitary pornography use) may have more sexual interests, preferences, and values in common than couples in which one couple member uses pornography and the other does not (discordant pornography use). From this perspective, the associations between pornography use, comfort in sexual communication, and relationship clo…
Personality Makes a Difference
OBJECTIVE: To achieve a comprehensive understanding of patients' adherence to medication following acute coronary syndrome (ACS), we assessed the possible moderating role played by attachment orientation on the effects of attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control (PBC), as derived from the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB; Ajzen, 1991), on intention and reported adherence. METHOD: A prospective longitudinal design was employed.…
Perceived Effects of Pornography on the Couple Relationship
Men with Sexual Problems and Their Partners
Epidemiologic studies of sexual function problems in men have focused on the individual male and related sociodemographic characteristics, individual risk factors and lifestyle concomitants, or medical comorbidities. Insufficient attention has been given to the role of sexual and relationship satisfaction and, more particularly, to the perspective of the couple as causes or correlates of sexual problems in men or women. Previously, we reported re…
Donn Byrne (1931–2014)
Individual and Partner Correlates of Sexual Satisfaction and Relationship Happiness in Midlife Couples
HIV stigma and unprotected sex among PLWH in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Social and structural factors including HIV stigma are theorized to drive global disparities in HIV prevalence. This study tests whether HIV self-stigma, or experiences of stigma at the individual level, is associated with engagement in unprotected sex among people living with HIV (PLWH) in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, where 37.4% of adults are living with HIV compared with 0.8% worldwide. It further explores whether depressive symptoms, HIV stat…
Impact of an Adherence Intervention on the Effectiveness of Tenofovir Gel in the Caprisa 004 Trial
Information, motivation, and behavioral skills for early pre-ART engagement in HIV care among patients entering clinical care in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Little is known regarding factors implicated in early engagement and retention in HIV care among individuals not yet eligible for antiretroviral therapy (pre-ART) in sub-Saharan Africa. Identifying such factors is critical for supporting retention in pre-ART clinical care to ensure timely ART initiation and optimize long-term health outcomes. We assessed patients' pre-ART HIV care-related information, motivation, and behavioral skills among newly…
HIV Transmission Risk Behavior Among HIV-Positive Patients Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Did You Come?” A Qualitative Exploration of Gender Differences in Beliefs, Experiences, and Concerns Regarding Female Orgasm Occurrence During Heterosexual Sexual Interactions
This study explored gender differences in young adult heterosexual men's and women's experiences, beliefs, and concerns regarding the occurrence or nonoccurrence of orgasm during sexual interactions, with emphasis on the absence of female orgasm during intercourse. Qualitative reports were obtained from five female focus groups (N = 24, M age = 19.08) and five male focus groups (N = 21, M age = 19.29), involving three to five participants per gro…
The Effects on Juveniles of Being Used for Pornography and Prostitution
As readers of this volume are aware, many social scientists are concerned about the proliferation of pornography in our society and about its presumed negative effects. Reflecting these concerns, this chapter reviews some of the evidence—pro and con—regarding the prevalence and effects of pornography. We consider social policy options for dealing with possible negative effects of pornographic material, and we propose a school-based sex education …
I Think Having the Option Available is a No-Brainer”
"“I Think Having the Option Available is a No-Brainer”: Will Gay and Bisexually Active Men at High Risk of Infection Use Over-the-Counter Rapid HIV Tests to Screen Sexual Partners?." Journal of Sex Research, 49(4), pp. 388–389
Computer-Based Intervention in HIV Clinical Care Setting Improves Antiretroviral Adherence
Sexual Satisfaction and Relationship Happiness in Midlife and Older Couples in Five Countries
Information–motivation–behavioral skills barriers associated with intentional versus unintentional ARV non-adherence behavior among HIV+ patients in clinical care
Since the arrival of antiretroviral (ARV) therapy, HIV has become better characterized as a chronic disease rather than a terminal illness, depending in part on one's ability to maintain relatively high levels of adherence. Despite research concerning barriers and facilitators of ARV adherence behavior, relatively little is known about specific challenges faced by HIV-positive persons who report "taking a break" from their ARV medications. The pr…
Toward an information–motivation–behavioral skills model of microbicide adherence in clinical trials
Unless optimal adherence in microbicide clinical trials is ensured, an efficacious microbicide may be rejected after trial completion, or development of a promising microbicide may be stopped, because low adherence rates create the illusion of poor efficacy. We provide a framework with which to conceptualize and improve microbicide adherence in clinical trials, supported by a critical review of the empirical literature. The information-motivation…
A Network-Individual-Resource Model for HIV Prevention
Changing Aids-risk behavior
This article contains a comprehensive, critical review of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-risk-reduction literature on interventions that have targeted risky sexual behavior and intravenous drug use practices. A conceptually based, highly generalizable model for promoting and evaluating AIDS-risk behavior change in any population of interest is then proposed. The model holds that AIDS-risk reduction is a function of people's informa…
Sexual Satisfaction and Relationship Happiness in Midlife and Older Couples in Five Countries
Did You Come?” A Qualitative Exploration of Gender Differences in Beliefs, Experiences, and Concerns Regarding Female Orgasm Occurrence During Heterosexual Sexual Interactions
This study explored gender differences in young adult heterosexual men's and women's experiences, beliefs, and concerns regarding the occurrence or nonoccurrence of orgasm during sexual interactions, with emphasis on the absence of female orgasm during intercourse. Qualitative reports were obtained from five female focus groups (N = 24, M age = 19.08) and five male focus groups (N = 21, M age = 19.29), involving three to five participants per gro…
Sex differences in response to erotica? Love versus lust
The current research examined gender differences in response to varying erotic themes. In Experiment 1, unmarried male (n — 30) and female (n = 32) subjects viewed an erotic film portraying petting; this film was prefaced with instructional sets that established either a love theme (affectionate marital sex) or a lust theme (unemotional sex with a prostitute). In Experiment 2, 36 married couples viewed either a petting erotic film or one depictin…
Perceived Effects of Pornography on the Couple Relationship
Violent pornography, antiwoman thoughts, and antiwoman acts
In this article, we critique the literature concerning the prevalence and effects of violent pornography and describe two experiments in which we sought to produce effects of violent pornography on men's fantasies, attitudes, and behaviors toward women. Our critique of the literature revealed that findings for the prevalence and effects of violent pornography are highly inconsistent, and we identified methodological and conceptual limitations tha…
Pornography's associations with open sexual communication and relationship closeness vary as a function of dyadic patterns of pornography use within heterosexual relationships
Couples who use pornography together (shared pornography use) and couples in which both members use pornography alone (concordant solitary pornography use) may have more sexual interests, preferences, and values in common than couples in which one couple member uses pornography and the other does not (discordant pornography use). From this perspective, the associations between pornography use, comfort in sexual communication, and relationship clo…
Internet pornography
Spectacular growth in availability of sexually explicit material on the Internet challenges sexual science to study antecedents and consequences of experience with such content. The current analysis attempts to provide a conceptual and empirical context for emerging work in this area. Our discussion begins with a summary of some of what has been learned from existing research concerning sexually explicit materials in contexts other than the Inter…
Psychological and situation‐specific correlates of contraceptive behavior among university women
The current research examined correlates of two contraceptive behaviors among university women: using a campus contraception clinic, and utilizing contraception consistently. On the basis of the Sexual Behavior Sequence (Byrne, 1977), it was proposed that clinic users (versus nonusers) and consistent contraceptors (versus inconsistent contraceptors and sexually inactive subjects) indicate a relatively more positive emotional orientation to sexual…
Surveying Pornography Use
A great deal of pornography research relies on dubious measurements. Measurement of pornography use has been highly variable across studies and existing measurement approaches have not been developed using standard psychometric practices nor have they addressed construct validation or reliability. This state of affairs is problematic for the accumulation of knowledge about the nature of pornography use, its antecedents, correlates, and consequenc…
Predictors of university men's number of sexual partners
We examined the role of personality (e.g., hypermasculinity, sensation seeking) and physical individual differences (testosterone, physical attractiveness) in predicting university men's (N = 215) number of sexual partners. Significant zero‐order correlations occurred between number of sexual partners and sensation seeking, hypermasculinity, physical attractiveness, and testosterone. In addition, multiple regression analysis revealed significant …
Toward an internet‐driven, theoretically‐based, innovative approach to sex education
Sex education is aimed at equipping individuals with sex‐related information, motivation, and behavioral skills that will enable them to avoid sex‐related problems and to achieve sexual well‐being. Existing sex education programs are generally delivered via relatively passive classroom‐based pedagogical techniques and are questionably effective in achieving their aims. The current discussion calls for the development of an Internet‐based, theoret…
Reasons for inconsistent Aids‐preventive behaviors among gay men
Although many studies have reported significant increases in AIDS‐preventive behavior (APB) among gay men, they have also found that many individuals retain residual risk behavior. To investigate the dynamics underlying this inconsistency in APB performance, focus group discussions were conducted with 41 gay men. Content analysis indicated that although most men had modified their sexual behavior in response to concerns about AIDS and perceived t…
An Exploration of Factors That Influence Enactment of Affirmative Consent Behaviors
Affirmative sexual consent, which is ongoing, continuous, and clearly communicated, appears to be highly inconsistent with the way in which individuals actually negotiate their sexual interactions. The current qualitative research proposes an Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills (IMB) model of sexual consent behavior and elicits, from young, sexually active informants, elements of information, motivation, and behavioral skills that appear to …
Individual and Partner Correlates of Sexual Satisfaction and Relationship Happiness in Midlife Couples
Sexual Attitudes and Contraception Among Females Across Five College Samples
The generalizability of the findings showing a relationship among sexual attitudes, sexual and contraceptive behavior, and responses to statements about sexual topics was investigated. Females (n = 722) attending five state and private universities in urban and rural locations were administered the Sexual Opinion Survey, a questionnaire dealing with sexual and contraceptive behavior, and semantic differential items involving sexual matters. Assoc…
Understanding and Promoting Sexual and Reproductive Health Behavior
This article presents a theoretical framework for understanding the psychological determinants of sexual and reproductive health behaviors and a methodology for creating theoretically based and empirically targeted interventions to promote such behaviors across health behaviors and populations of interest. Based on the fact that sexual and reproductive health promotion acts represent sexualized behaviors with common determinants reciprocal effect…
A method for empirically assessing volunteer selection effects
Erotophobia‐erotophilia and sexual behavior during pregnancy and postpartum
This research examined the relation of erotophobia‐erotophilia, the disposition to respond to sexuality with negative‐to‐positive affect, and sexual behavior during pregnancy and postpartum. During late pregnancy, 50 couples responded to questionnaire assessments of their erotophobia‐erotophilia and sexual behavior; during the postpartum period, 25 of these couples responded to a follow‐up assessment of their sexual behavior following the birth o…
A dyadic approach to understanding safer sex behavior in intimate heterosexual relationships
This study applied a dyadic approach to condom-use research. Partners from 124 heterosexual couples independently completed a questionnaire assessing condom-related attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and intentions to use condoms. Results demonstrate the superiority of a dyadic approach to understanding couples' condom-use intentions and behavior over traditional, individual-level approaches. The addition of partner effect…
Men with Sexual Problems and Their Partners
Epidemiologic studies of sexual function problems in men have focused on the individual male and related sociodemographic characteristics, individual risk factors and lifestyle concomitants, or medical comorbidities. Insufficient attention has been given to the role of sexual and relationship satisfaction and, more particularly, to the perspective of the couple as causes or correlates of sexual problems in men or women. Previously, we reported re…
An Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills Analysis of Diet and Exercise Behavior in Puerto Ricans with Diabetes
Frameworks are needed to inform diabetes self-care programs for diverse populations. We tested the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills (IMB) model in a sample of Puerto Ricans with Type 2 diabetes ( N = 118). Structural equation models evaluated model fit and interrelations between IMB constructs. For diet behavior, information and motivation related to behavioral skills ( r = 0.19, p < .05 and r = 0.39, p < .01, respectively); behavioral sk…
The bigger the better? Arousal and attributional responses to erotic stimuli that depict different size penises
This research sought to examine psychologically mediated effects of differential penis size. To investigate this issue, we asked male and female undergraduates (N = 284) to read erotic passages that differed only in the length of the penis that was ascribed to the male protagonist—3 in. long (small), 5 in. long (medium), 8 in. long (large), or no mention made of penis size (control condition). Arousal and attributional responses to these portraya…
What types of pornographic content are people using? A mixed-method analysis that highlights differences by gender and relationship context of use
Although content differences in pornography play an acknowledged role in many theories concerning the use and consequences of such material, relatively few studies have attempted to describe and understand the use of different types of pornography. To begin to address this gap, N = 367 participants who were in predominately mixed-sex relationships were asked open-ended questions about the pornography they used alone and the pornography they used …
Revisiting the Role of Pornography Use in the Confluence Model Theory of Sexual Aggression
This research tested Confluence Model reasoning that pornography use should be related to sexual aggression among men who are high but not low in the predisposing risk factors of hostile masculinity (HM) and impersonal sexuality (IS). This hypothesis was examined with three online surveys of young adult males, including an American Mechanical Turk sample ( N 1 = 1,528, M age = 22.46 years); a national sample of Canadian students ( N 2 = 1,049, M …
Sex differences in response to erotica? Love versus lust
The current research examined gender differences in response to varying erotic themes. In Experiment 1, unmarried male (n — 30) and female (n = 32) subjects viewed an erotic film portraying petting; this film was prefaced with instructional sets that established either a love theme (affectionate marital sex) or a lust theme (unemotional sex with a prostitute). In Experiment 2, 36 married couples viewed either a petting erotic film or one depictin…
Psychological and situation‐specific correlates of contraceptive behavior among university women
The current research examined correlates of two contraceptive behaviors among university women: using a campus contraception clinic, and utilizing contraception consistently. On the basis of the Sexual Behavior Sequence (Byrne, 1977), it was proposed that clinic users (versus nonusers) and consistent contraceptors (versus inconsistent contraceptors and sexually inactive subjects) indicate a relatively more positive emotional orientation to sexual…
The bigger the better? Arousal and attributional responses to erotic stimuli that depict different size penises
This research sought to examine psychologically mediated effects of differential penis size. To investigate this issue, we asked male and female undergraduates (N = 284) to read erotic passages that differed only in the length of the penis that was ascribed to the male protagonist—3 in. long (small), 5 in. long (medium), 8 in. long (large), or no mention made of penis size (control condition). Arousal and attributional responses to these portraya…
Adolescents, Sex and Contraception
Adolescents, Sex, and Contraception
3 stages are involved in solving the problems of unwanted and unneeded pregnancies: 1) analysis of behavior determinants of steps in contraceptive behavior 2) deciding on the associations between processes in the theoretical model and each contraceptive act and 3) using the theory to change behavior. The use of contraceptives by sexually active single women needs to be researched. A model presented assumes that contraceptive use involves a dynami…
A method for empirically assessing volunteer selection effects
Sexual Attitudes and Contraception Among Females Across Five College Samples
The generalizability of the findings showing a relationship among sexual attitudes, sexual and contraceptive behavior, and responses to statements about sexual topics was investigated. Females (n = 722) attending five state and private universities in urban and rural locations were administered the Sexual Opinion Survey, a questionnaire dealing with sexual and contraceptive behavior, and semantic differential items involving sexual matters. Assoc…
Erotophobia‐erotophilia as a dimension of personality
This review discusses the measurement, antecedents, and consequents of erotophobia‐erotophilia—the disposition to respond to sexual cues along a negative‐positive dimension of affect and evaluation. Test construction procedures which resulted in a 21‐item measure of this personality construct are reported. Evidence indicates that the measure is internally consistent, shows acceptable degrees of convergent and discriminant validity, and is correla…
Erotophobia‐erotophilia and sexual behavior during pregnancy and postpartum
This research examined the relation of erotophobia‐erotophilia, the disposition to respond to sexuality with negative‐to‐positive affect, and sexual behavior during pregnancy and postpartum. During late pregnancy, 50 couples responded to questionnaire assessments of their erotophobia‐erotophilia and sexual behavior; during the postpartum period, 25 of these couples responded to a follow‐up assessment of their sexual behavior following the birth o…
Effects of Verbal and Vocal Cues of Counselor Self-Confidence on Clients' Perceptions
The authors found that vocal-but not verbal-cues of counselor self-confidence were related to client perceptions of expertness, attractiveness, trustworthiness, and associated satisfaction
Bias and fairness in the diagnosis of primary orgasmic dysfunction in women
Bias and fairness in the diagnosis of primary orgasmic dysfunction in women
Changing Aids-risk behavior
This article contains a comprehensive, critical review of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-risk-reduction literature on interventions that have targeted risky sexual behavior and intravenous drug use practices. A conceptually based, highly generalizable model for promoting and evaluating AIDS-risk behavior change in any population of interest is then proposed. The model holds that AIDS-risk reduction is a function of people's informa…
Reasons for inconsistent Aids‐preventive behaviors among gay men
Although many studies have reported significant increases in AIDS‐preventive behavior (APB) among gay men, they have also found that many individuals retain residual risk behavior. To investigate the dynamics underlying this inconsistency in APB performance, focus group discussions were conducted with 41 gay men. Content analysis indicated that although most men had modified their sexual behavior in response to concerns about AIDS and perceived t…
Empirical tests of an information-motivation-behavioral skills model of Aids-preventive behavior with gay men and heterosexual university students.
Violent pornography, antiwoman thoughts, and antiwoman acts
In this article, we critique the literature concerning the prevalence and effects of violent pornography and describe two experiments in which we sought to produce effects of violent pornography on men's fantasies, attitudes, and behaviors toward women. Our critique of the literature revealed that findings for the prevalence and effects of violent pornography are highly inconsistent, and we identified methodological and conceptual limitations tha…
Predictors of university men's number of sexual partners
We examined the role of personality (e.g., hypermasculinity, sensation seeking) and physical individual differences (testosterone, physical attractiveness) in predicting university men's (N = 215) number of sexual partners. Significant zero‐order correlations occurred between number of sexual partners and sensation seeking, hypermasculinity, physical attractiveness, and testosterone. In addition, multiple regression analysis revealed significant …
Changing Aids risk behavior
Close Relationships and Elevated HIV Risk Behavior
A review of research on AIDS preventive behavior indicates that minority and nonminority heterosexual adolescents and adults, gay men, injection drug users, and commercial sex workers are all less likely to practice safer sex with close relationship partners, compared with partners they perceive to be “casual” sexual partners. Because many individuals in close relationships have engaged in HIV risk behavior over extended periods of time and are u…
Do no harm
This critique of the practice of testosterone replacement therapy for HIV+ individuals and of Wagner, Rabkin, and Rabkin's (1997) research on this topic focuses on (a) the dubious ethics of stimulating sexual desire and sexual function in persons who carry a fatal, sexually borne pathogen, (b) our very limited ability to ensure that testosterone replacement therapy for HIV+ persons will not pose significant danger to uninfected persons, and (c) t…
Roleplayed Safer Sex Skills of Heterosexual College Students Influenced by Both Personal and Partner Factors
Understanding and Promoting Sexual and Reproductive Health Behavior
This article presents a theoretical framework for understanding the psychological determinants of sexual and reproductive health behaviors and a methodology for creating theoretically based and empirically targeted interventions to promote such behaviors across health behaviors and populations of interest. Based on the fact that sexual and reproductive health promotion acts represent sexualized behaviors with common determinants reciprocal effect…
Understanding Aids Risk Behavior Among Sexually Active Urban Adolescents
Theoretical Approaches to Individual-Level Change in HIV Risk Behavior
The Theory of Planned Behavior and Safer Sex Behaviors of Gay Men
Psychology (51 obras) · Medicine (38 obras) · Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health (33 obras) · Social Psychology (30 obras) · Developmental psychology (27 obras) · Clinical Psychology (21 obras) · Psychiatry (20 obras) · HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions (19 obras) · Social Psychology (19 obras) · Sexuality, Behavior, and Technology (18 obras)