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Nathan R Todd

Biographic Data

ID369468
NAMENathan R Todd
GIVEN NAMESNathan R
FAMILY NAMETodd
SIGNATURETODD N R
AFFILIATIONSUniversity of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
ORCID0000-0003-3287-6827
VERIFIEDYes
TOTAL WORKS59
TOTAL CITATIONS362
AUTHOR COUNT59
EDITOR COUNT0
FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR2009
LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR2026
H-INDEX13
  • Sexual assault recovery within social contexts: An exploration of undergraduate egocentric social networks.

    Allyson M Blackburn, Nathan R Todd et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Orthopsychiatry•2026

    3,863 network members. We examine how characteristics of the network (e.g., number of other survivors, number of disclosure recipients, presence of unsupportive responders) are associated with posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, and anxiety symptoms. We also examine what network-, survivor-, and network member-level factors are associated with a network member receiving a sexual assault disclosure and the supportiveness of that network mem…

  • Geographic Distribution of LGBT Affirming Christian Churches and Same‐Sex Households by US County

    Open Access•Daniel M Nguyễn, Daniel Nguyen et al.•ARTICLE•Journal for the Scientific Study…•2026

    In this study, we examine where lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) affirming Christian churches are geographically located across the United States. Notably, many LGBT people practice religion and proximity to affirming churches may provide access to religious capital which supports well‐being. We use the religious economies model to inform hypotheses which we examine using visualization. We first present maps of affirming churches an…

  • Mental Health Care Access and Utilization Across Sexual and Racial Identity

    Daniel Nguyen, Raymond La et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Bisexuality•2025•References: 16

    Existing literature finds, compared to heterosexual and white people, respectively, sexual minorities (SMs) utilize mental health care more but have less access; and People of Color (POC; in our sample, people identifying as Black, Asian, or Latine) utilize less and have less access. Less is known about differences between gay/lesbian and bisexual people’s access and utilization; how these and other sexual identity differences may differ across r…

  • One Trajectory Does Not Fit All: Understanding Religious Deidentification with Longitudinal Patterns of Religious Doubt and Engagement

    Open Access•Shoko Watanabe, Nathan R Todd•ARTICLE•International Journal for the…•2025•Cited by: 1•References: 6

    This pre-registered study examined whether longitudinal patterns of religious doubt during adolescence were associated with deidentification from religion during young adulthood. Using latent class growth modeling, we identified four trajectories of doubt among 1,402 religiously affiliated participants of the National Study of Youth & Religion (Waves 1?3). We found that deidentification rates at Wave 4 were higher among those who had stable high …

  • Examining the Religious Residue Among Racial-Ethnically Diverse Sexual Minorities

    Nathan R Todd, Shoko Watanabe et al.•ARTICLE•International Journal for the…•2025•Cited by: 2•References: 4

    Research has demonstrated that even after being “done” with religion, formerly religious people (Dones) report more religious beliefs, behaviors, and attitudes than those who have never affiliated with religion (Nevers). Yet Dones also reports less religious beliefs, behaviors, and attitudes than those currently affiliated (Currents). In this pre-registered study, we examine if this stair-stepped pattern of “religious residue” is present for reli…

  • Linking the religious and social environment to sexual minority mental health

    Open Access•Nathan R Todd, Daniel M Nguyễn et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Community…•2025•References: 56

    In the United States, mental health disparities persist between sexual minorities – people who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, or other nonheterosexual identifications – and heterosexuals. Although research shows that structural stigma in one's environment may contribute to such disparities, little research has examined religious environment as a source of structural stigma for sexual minorities. Given historic and ongoing religious‐based sex…

  • A grounded theory of intersectional Asian American college student activism

    Jacqueline Yi, Nathan R Todd•ARTICLE•Asian American Journal of…•2024

  • Examining awareness of privilege among midwestern college students: An analysis of race/ethnicity, gender, and religion

    Open Access•Nathan R Todd, Emily J Blevins et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Community…•2023•Cited by: 1•References: 88

    Dominant group members often are not aware of the privileges they benefit from due to their dominant group membership. Yet individuals are members of multiple groups and may simultaneously occupy multiple categories of dominance and marginality, raising the question of how different group memberships work in concert to facilitate or inhibit awareness of multiple forms of privilege. Examining awareness of privilege is important as awareness may be…

  • Pride in our community: Reflecting on LGBTQ publications in the American Journal of Community Psychology

    Open Access•Allyson M Blackburn, Nathan R Todd•ARTICLE•American Journal of Community…•2023•Cited by: 4•References: 65

    In this Virtual Special Issue (VSI), we curate and discuss a set of 28 articles previously published in the American Journal of Community Psychology ( AJCP ) focused on lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) communities. The purpose of this VSI is to bring visibility to this body of scholarship in AJCP and to reflect on how the strengths of our field have been used throughout this work in pursuit of supporting LGBTQ wellbeing. In …

  • Colorblind racial ideology and student expectations and reactions to a university-sponsored diversity workshop

    Jacqueline Yi, Nathan R Todd et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Diversity in Higher…•2022•Cited by: 1

  • Remembering where we're from: Community‐ and individual‐level predictors of college students' White privilege awareness

    Open Access•Emily J Blevins, Nathan R Todd•ARTICLE•American Journal of Community…•2022•References: 72

    Scholars in the field of community psychology have called for more research dedicated to examining White privilege as part of a system of White supremacy in the United States. One branch of this work focuses on awareness of White privilege, yet to date, this research has typically investigated awareness of White privilege at individual levels of analysis instead of also focusing on neighborhoods, schools, and other levels of analysis beyond the i…

  • Detrimental Effects of Color-Blind Racial Attitudes in Preparing a Culturally Responsive Teaching Workforce for Immigrants

    Open Access•Germán A Cadenas, Jesús Cisneros et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Career Development•2021

    Demands on the teacher workforce are changing as one quarter of children in U.S. schools live in immigrant families and about half of students are racial/ethnic minorities. Simultaneously, diminishing teacher support and teacher shortages cause reliance on alternative certification programs (e.g., Teach for America). In response, we studied the links between color-blind racial attitudes and culturally responsive teaching self-efficacy and outcome…

  • Reducing acceptability of racial microaggressions using online videos: The role of perspective-taking and white guilt

    Yara Mekawi, Nathan R Todd et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Diversity in Higher…•2021•Cited by: 2

  • Race, campus climate, and social change behaviors for Asian American college students

    Jacqueline Yi, Nathan R Todd•ARTICLE•Journal of Diversity in Higher…•2021•Cited by: 1

  • Internalized model minority myth among Asian Americans: Links to anti-Black attitudes and opposition to affirmative action

    Jacqueline Yi, Nathan R Todd•ARTICLE•Cultural Diversity & Ethnic…•2021•Cited by: 17

    Our findings have implications for research and practice that promotes awareness of and seeks to challenge the MMM, anti-Blackness, and beliefs about affirmative action among Asian Americans. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved)

  • Focusing the Lens to See More Clearly: Overcoming Definitional Challenges and Identifying New Directions in Racial Microaggressions Research

    Open Access•Yara Mekawi, Nathan R Todd•ARTICLE•Perspectives on Psychological…•2021•Cited by: 2•References: 30

    Despite significant advances in research on racial microaggressions, key challenges remain regarding how to define and classify them. Resolving these challenges is necessary to reduce misunderstanding and the subsequent minimization of racial microaggression research. Our goals in this article are to discuss the definitional challenges, to discuss implications for the creation of taxonomies, and to offer directions for how a revised definition an…

  • Social change behaviors among Asian American college students: Ethnic regional group differences and campus-level predictors

    Jacqueline Yi, Nathan R Todd•ARTICLE•Asian American Journal of…•2020

  • A Social Network Analysis of Friendship and Spiritual Support in a Religious Congregation

    Open Access•Nathan R Todd, Emily J Blevins et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Community…•2020•Cited by: 6•References: 52

    Religious congregations are social settings where people gather together in community to pursue the sacred (Pargament, 2008). Such settings are important to understand as they provide a context for individuals to develop relationships, share ideas and resources, and connect individuals to larger society (Todd, 2017a). Yet, research to date has not deeply examined the inherently relational nature of religious congregations. Thus, in this study, we…

  • Racial Colorblindness and Confidence in and Likelihood of Action to Address Prejudice

    Open Access•Jacqueline Yi, Nathan R Todd et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Community…•2020•Cited by: 6•References: 64

    Highlights This study examines the association between racial colorblindness and inaction to address prejudice. We conceptualized colorblindness as a type of legitimizing ideology that maintains inequality. Affective variables helped to explain the links between colorblindness and action. Such links function similarly across White, Underrepresented, and Asian American students

  • Christian and Political Conservatism Predict Opposition to Sexual and Gender Minority Rights through Support for Christian Hegemony

    Open Access•Nathan R Todd, Jacqueline Yi et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Community…•2020•Cited by: 8•References: 65

    Highlights Opposition to sexual and gender minority (SGM) rights persists in the United States. Christian conservatism and political conservatism are linked to opposition to SGM rights. In this study, support for Christian hegemony helped to explain this link. Our results suggest that a system of Christian power and privilege is a barrier to SGM rights

  • Overcoming the “Holy Hush”: A Qualitative Examination of Protestant Christian Leaders’ Responses to Intimate Partner Violence

    Open Access•Jaclyn Houston-Kolnik, Jaclyn D Houston‐Kolnik et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Community…•2019•Cited by: 4•References: 39

    Described as a “holy hush,” past research has noted a general silence about and reluctance to address intimate partner violence ( IPV ) in religious congregations. To explore this, we interviewed 20 Protestant Christian religious leaders about how they understood and responded to IPV . Based on a thematic content analysis, our study revealed some of the challenges, tensions, and complexities that may be barriers to leaders speaking about and resp…

  • Religious and Spiritual Beliefs Uniquely Predict Poverty Attributions

    Open Access•Brett A Boeh Bergmann, Nathan R Todd•ARTICLE•Social Justice Research•2019•Cited by: 1•References: 44

  • Okay to say: Initial validation of the Acceptability of Racial Microaggressions Scale

    Yara Mekawi, Nathan R Todd•ARTICLE•Cultural Diversity & Ethnic…•2018•Cited by: 13•References: 15

    Overall, we provide initial psychometric and validity evidence for the ARMS and discuss implications and potential uses of the scale. (PsycINFO Database Record

  • Christian campus-ministry groups at public universities and opposition to same-sex marriage

    Nathan R Todd, Elizabeth A Mcconnell et al.•ARTICLE•Psychology of Religion and…•2017

  • Ethical Challenges of Personal Disclosure in Gaining Entry with Religious Congregations

    Open Access•Nathan R Todd•ARTICLE•American Journal of Community…•2017•Cited by: 2•References: 4

    This is a story about learning how to navigate my social identities as a non‐religious gay man attempting to conduct data‐based consultation with a religious congregation. Beyond my own growth in knowing myself better, this story speaks to the larger ethical challenge of how we build trust in community relationships, and in particular how much of our personal selves we need to disclose in the process of an individual or group deciding to work wit…

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  • White Dialectics: A New Framework for Theory, Research, and Practice With White Students 1Ψ7

    Open Access•Nathan R Todd, Elizabeth M Abrams•ARTICLE•The Counseling Psychologist•2010•Cited by: 24•References: 41

    This article presents White dialectics, or the tensions that White students experience as dominant group members in the United States, as a new framework to understand and intervene with White students and counselor trainees. Developed from and supported by our qualitative analysis, the authors present the six dialectics of (a) Whiteness and self, (b) connection in multiracial relationships, (c) color blindness, (d) minimization of racism, (e) st…

  • White Men’s Fears, White Women’s Tears: Examining Gender Differences in Racial Affect Types

    Open Access•Lisa B Spanierman, Jacquelyn Beard et al.•ARTICLE•Sex Roles•2012•Cited by: 23•References: 21

  • Psychosocial costs of racism to Whites: Understanding patterns among university students

    Lisa B Spanierman, Nathan R Todd et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Counseling Psychology•2009•Cited by: 20•References: 7

    This investigation adds to the growing body of scholarship on the psychosocial costs of racism to Whites (PCRW), which refer to consequences of being in the dominant position in an unjust, hierarchical system of societal racism. Extending research that identified 5 distinct constellations of costs of racism (L. B. Spanierman, V. P. Poteat, A. M. Beer, & P. I. Armstrong, 2006), the authors used multinomial logistic regression in the current study …

  • Internalized model minority myth among Asian Americans: Links to anti-Black attitudes and opposition to affirmative action

    Jacqueline Yi, Nathan R Todd•ARTICLE•Cultural Diversity & Ethnic…•2021•Cited by: 17

    Our findings have implications for research and practice that promotes awareness of and seeks to challenge the MMM, anti-Blackness, and beliefs about affirmative action among Asian Americans. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved)

  • Religious Networking Organizations and Social Justice: An Ethnographic Case Study

    Open Access•Nathan R Todd•ARTICLE•American Journal of Community…•2012•Cited by: 17•References: 72

    The current study provides an innovative examination of how and why religious networking organizations work for social justice in their local community. Similar to a coalition or community coordinating council, religious networking organizations are formal organizations comprised of individuals from multiple religious congregations who consistently meet to organize around a common goal. Based on over a year and a half of ethnographic participatio…

  • Religious Congregations as Mediating Structures for Social Justice: A Multilevel Examination

    Open Access•Nathan R Todd, Nicole E Allen•ARTICLE•American Journal of Community…•2011•Cited by: 17•References: 25

    Scholars in the field of community psychology have called for a closer examination of the mediating role that religious congregations serve in society, especially in relation to the promotion of social justice. The current study provides such an examination, offering a multilevel examination of religious individuals (n = 5,123) nested within religious congregations (n = 62) with a particular focus on how individual and congregational level variab…

  • Religious Congregations and Social Justice Participation: A Multilevel Examination of Social Processes and Leadership

    Open Access•Jaclyn Houston-Kolnik, Jaclyn D Houston et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Community…•2013•Cited by: 15•References: 40

    Religious congregations have potential to be mediating structures for social justice participation. However, research has yet to examine the specific social processes or leadership characteristics within congregations that may promote social justice participation. In this study, we use data from 176,901 participants nested within 1,938 congregations to test how social processes (i.e., religious attendance at worship services, extra‐worship partic…

  • Complicating Counterspaces: Intersectionality and the Michigan Womyn's Music Festival

    Open Access•Elizabeth A Mcconnell, Nathan R Todd et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Community…•2016•Cited by: 14•References: 55

    The counterspaces framework articulated by Case and Hunter (2012), follows from community psychology's long-standing interest in the potential for settings to promote well-being and liberatory responses to oppression. This framework proposes that certain settings (i.e., "counterspaces") facilitate a specific set of processes that promote the well-being of marginalized groups. We argue that an intersectional analysis is crucial to understand wheth…

  • Examining Patterns of Political, Social Service, and Collaborative Involvement of Religious Congregations: A Latent Class and Transition Analysis

    Open Access•Nathan R Todd, Jaclyn Houston-Kolnik et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Community…•2013•Cited by: 14•References: 51

    This investigation examines typologies of congregations based on patterns of congregational political and social service activities and collaborative partners. Based on a latent class analysis of a national random sample of 2,153 congregations, results indicated four distinct types of congregations with unique patterns of political, social service, and collaborative partnerships labeled: (a) Active, (b) Not Active, (c) Social Service Not Politica…

  • Aggressive and Prosocial Behavior: Community Violence, Cognitive, and Behavioral Predictors Among Urban African American Youth

    Open Access•Susan D Mcmahon, Nathan R Todd et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Community…•2013•Cited by: 14•References: 54

    We use longitudinal multilevel modeling to test how exposure to community violence and cognitive and behavioral factors contribute to the development of aggressive and prosocial behaviors. Specifically, we examine predictors of self‐, peer‐, and teacher‐reported aggressive and prosocial behavior among 266 urban, African American early adolescents. We examine lagged, within‐person, between‐person, and protective effects across 2 years. In general,…

  • Culture and Community Psychology: Toward a Renewed and Reimagined Vision

    Open Access•Michael J Kral, Jorge I Ramírez García et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Community…•2011•Cited by: 14•References: 64

    Interest is growing in community psychology to look more closely at culture. Culture has resided in community psychology in its emphasis on context, ecology, and diversity, however we believe that the field will benefit from a more explicit focus on culture. We suggest a cultural approach that values the community's points of view and an understanding of shared and divergent meanings, goals, and norms within a theory of empowerment. Furthermore, …

  • Okay to say: Initial validation of the Acceptability of Racial Microaggressions Scale

    Yara Mekawi, Nathan R Todd•ARTICLE•Cultural Diversity & Ethnic…•2018•Cited by: 13•References: 15

    Overall, we provide initial psychometric and validity evidence for the ARMS and discuss implications and potential uses of the scale. (PsycINFO Database Record

  • An Ecological Perspective of Mentor Satisfaction With Their Youth Mentoring Relationships

    Open Access•Rachael L Suffrin, Nathan R Todd et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Community Psychology•2016•Cited by: 13•References: 33

    Research shows the benefits of mentoring in promoting positive youth development. Yet less is known about mentors and what predicts mentor satisfaction. Such knowledge is vital to understanding how to recruit and retain adult mentors for youth. Thus, in the current study, we examine mentors as embedded in a social ecology of relationships, such as relationships with their mentee, mentee's family, and mentoring organization they volunteer with. We…

  • Social Justice and Religious Participation: A Qualitative Investigation of Christian Perspectives

    Open Access•Nathan R Todd, Anne K Rufa•ARTICLE•American Journal of Community…•2013•Cited by: 13•References: 50

    This investigation examines how self‐identified Christians in the Midwest U.S. understand and work for social justice, with a focus on their process of social justice development and the role of religious congregations in promoting social justice. Using a grounded theory analysis of 15 in‐depth interviews, results indicated multiple understandings of social justice such as meeting basic needs, fixing social structures and systems to create equal …

  • Preliminary Validation of the Sex Trafficking Attitudes Scale

    Open Access•Jaclyn Houston-Kolnik, Nathan R Todd et al.•ARTICLE•Violence Against Women•2016•Cited by: 10•References: 7

    This study presents the Sex Trafficking Attitudes Scale (STAS), assessing cognitive, behavioral, and affective attitudes toward the sex trafficking of women and girls. Across two studies, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed and confirmed six subscales: (a) Knowledge About Sex Trafficking, (b) Awareness of Sex Trafficking, (c) Attitudes Toward Ability to Leave Sex Trafficking, (d) Attitudes Toward Helping Survivors, (e) Empathic …

  • White students reflecting on whiteness: Understanding emotional responses

    Nathan R Todd, Lisa B Spanierman et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Diversity in Higher…•2010•Cited by: 10•References: 16

    In the present investigation, the authors explored potential predictors of White students' general emotional responses after they reflected on their Whiteness in a semi-structured interview (n = 88) or written reflection (n = 187). Specifically, the authors examined how color-blindness (i.e., awareness of White privilege) and racial affect (i.e., White empathy, White guilt, and White fear), assessed before the interview or written reflection, may…

  • Ethnography in Community Psychology: Promises and Tensions

    Open Access•Andrew D Case, Nathan R Todd et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Community…•2014•Cited by: 9•References: 66

    Community psychology recognizes the need for research methods that illuminate context, culture, diversity, and process. One such method, ethnography, has crossed into multiple disciplines from anthropology, and indeed, community psychologists are becoming community ethnographers. Ethnographic work stands at the intersection of bridging universal questions with the particularities of people and groups bounded in time, geographic location, and soci…

  • The Role of Sense of Community and Conflict in Predicting Congregational Belonging

    Open Access•Vincent Mammana‐Lupo, Nathan R Todd et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Community Psychology•2014•Cited by: 9•References: 52

    This investigation extends research on religious congregations by examining how a sense of community and congregational conflict predict a sense of belonging to one's religious congregation. Based on a national random sample of 86,863 individuals nested in 424 congregations, we used multilevel logistic regression to test individual, congregational, and cross‐level interactive effects. Findings revealed that sense of community dimensions of member…

  • Christian and Political Conservatism Predict Opposition to Sexual and Gender Minority Rights through Support for Christian Hegemony

    Open Access•Nathan R Todd, Jacqueline Yi et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Community…•2020•Cited by: 8•References: 65

    Highlights Opposition to sexual and gender minority (SGM) rights persists in the United States. Christian conservatism and political conservatism are linked to opposition to SGM rights. In this study, support for Christian hegemony helped to explain this link. Our results suggest that a system of Christian power and privilege is a barrier to SGM rights

  • The Role of Attitudes Toward White Privilege and Religious Beliefs in Predicting Social Justice Interest and Commitment

    Open Access•Nathan R Todd, Elizabeth A Mcconnell et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Community…•2014•Cited by: 8•References: 60

    The current study examines links among attitudes toward White privilege, religious beliefs, and social justice interest and commitment for White Christian students. Two distinct patterns of results emerged from a path analysis of 500 White Christian students. First, a willingness to confront White privilege was positively associated with the sanctification of social justice (i.e., attributing spiritual significance to working for social justice) …

  • DREAMzone: Testing two vicarious contact interventions to improve attitudes toward undocumented immigrants

    Germán A Cadenas, Jesús Cisneros et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Diversity in Higher…•2016•Cited by: 7•References: 4

  • A Social Network Analysis of Friendship and Spiritual Support in a Religious Congregation

    Open Access•Nathan R Todd, Emily J Blevins et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Community…•2020•Cited by: 6•References: 52

    Religious congregations are social settings where people gather together in community to pursue the sacred (Pargament, 2008). Such settings are important to understand as they provide a context for individuals to develop relationships, share ideas and resources, and connect individuals to larger society (Todd, 2017a). Yet, research to date has not deeply examined the inherently relational nature of religious congregations. Thus, in this study, we…

  • Racial Colorblindness and Confidence in and Likelihood of Action to Address Prejudice

    Open Access•Jacqueline Yi, Nathan R Todd et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Community…•2020•Cited by: 6•References: 64

    Highlights This study examines the association between racial colorblindness and inaction to address prejudice. We conceptualized colorblindness as a type of legitimizing ideology that maintains inequality. Affective variables helped to explain the links between colorblindness and action. Such links function similarly across White, Underrepresented, and Asian American students

  • Examining the Presence of Congregational Programs Focused on Violence Against Women

    Open Access•Jaclyn Houston-Kolnik, Jaclyn D Houston-Kolnik et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Community…•2016•Cited by: 6•References: 43

    Religious congregations are uniquely poised to provide programs to support survivors of violence against women; yet little is known regarding the prevalence of such programs. In this study, we used data from three waves of the National Congregation Study (N = 3334) to examine change across time in the presence of a congregational program to support survivors of sexual assault or domestic violence. We also explored results among different Christia…

  • Trans women and Michfest: An ethnophenomenology of attendees' experiences

    Elizabeth A Mcconnell, Charlynn A Odahl-Ruan et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Lesbian Studies•2015•Cited by: 6•References: 1

    The rise of queer and transgender studies has greatly contributed to feminist and lesbian understandings of sex, gender, and sexuality and also has resulted in rifts, tensions, and border wars. One such tension is around the inclusion of trans women in women-only space, such as the Michigan Womyn's Music Festival (Michfest). In this ethnophenomenological study, we interviewed and surveyed 43 cisgender women who attended Michfest in 2013. Particip…

  • Psychosocial costs of racism to Whites: Understanding patterns among university students

    Lisa B Spanierman, Nathan R Todd et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Counseling Psychology•2009•Cited by: 20•References: 7

    This investigation adds to the growing body of scholarship on the psychosocial costs of racism to Whites (PCRW), which refer to consequences of being in the dominant position in an unjust, hierarchical system of societal racism. Extending research that identified 5 distinct constellations of costs of racism (L. B. Spanierman, V. P. Poteat, A. M. Beer, & P. I. Armstrong, 2006), the authors used multinomial logistic regression in the current study …

  • White students reflecting on whiteness: Understanding emotional responses

    Nathan R Todd, Lisa B Spanierman et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Diversity in Higher…•2010•Cited by: 10•References: 16

    In the present investigation, the authors explored potential predictors of White students' general emotional responses after they reflected on their Whiteness in a semi-structured interview (n = 88) or written reflection (n = 187). Specifically, the authors examined how color-blindness (i.e., awareness of White privilege) and racial affect (i.e., White empathy, White guilt, and White fear), assessed before the interview or written reflection, may…

  • White Dialectics: A New Framework for Theory, Research, and Practice With White Students 1Ψ7

    Open Access•Nathan R Todd, Elizabeth M Abrams•ARTICLE•The Counseling Psychologist•2010•Cited by: 24•References: 41

    This article presents White dialectics, or the tensions that White students experience as dominant group members in the United States, as a new framework to understand and intervene with White students and counselor trainees. Developed from and supported by our qualitative analysis, the authors present the six dialectics of (a) Whiteness and self, (b) connection in multiracial relationships, (c) color blindness, (d) minimization of racism, (e) st…

  • Community Psychology and Liberation Theologies: Commonalities, Collaboration, Dilemmas

    Open Access•Nathan R Todd•ARTICLE•Journal of Psychology and Theology•2011

    Community psychology and liberation theologies share an emphasis on personal and social transformation through a process of liberation. Emerging in the 1960s in the climate of social change movements, both fields serve to challenge the dominant discourse of how and why to perform the tasks of theology and psychology. My purpose in this article is to put these fields into dialogue, with a focus on commonalities, collaboration, and dilemmas. After …

  • Color-blind racial ideology and beliefs about a racialized university mascot

    H A Neville, Jeffrey G Yeung et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Diversity in Higher…•2011•Cited by: 6•References: 8

    We examined the link between color-blind racial ideology (CBRI; i.e., the belief that race and racism are irrelevant for the contemporary moment) and students’ agreement with a university’s decision to discontinue a controversial racialized mascot (i.e., “Chief Illiniwek”) among a sample of 389 racially diverse college students. Students also elaborated on their views about the discontinuance of the mascot in an open-ended question. Seven themes …

  • Examining Systems Change in the Response to Domestic Violence: Innovative Applications of Multilevel Modeling

    Open Access•Shabnam Javdani, Nicole E Allen et al.•ARTICLE•Violence Against Women•2011•Cited by: 2•References: 3

    Facilitating systems change in the response to domestic violence has been touted as a central goal in the effort to hold systems accountable and create a coordinated response for survivors. However, examination of systems change and whether particular social change efforts (e.g., coordinating councils) contribute to such change is a notoriously difficult research endeavor due in large part to methodological barriers, including those that stem fro…

  • Culture and Community Psychology: Toward a Renewed and Reimagined Vision

    Open Access•Michael J Kral, Jorge I Ramírez García et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Community…•2011•Cited by: 14•References: 64

    Interest is growing in community psychology to look more closely at culture. Culture has resided in community psychology in its emphasis on context, ecology, and diversity, however we believe that the field will benefit from a more explicit focus on culture. We suggest a cultural approach that values the community's points of view and an understanding of shared and divergent meanings, goals, and norms within a theory of empowerment. Furthermore, …

  • Religious Congregations as Mediating Structures for Social Justice: A Multilevel Examination

    Open Access•Nathan R Todd, Nicole E Allen•ARTICLE•American Journal of Community…•2011•Cited by: 17•References: 25

    Scholars in the field of community psychology have called for a closer examination of the mediating role that religious congregations serve in society, especially in relation to the promotion of social justice. The current study provides such an examination, offering a multilevel examination of religious individuals (n = 5,123) nested within religious congregations (n = 62) with a particular focus on how individual and congregational level variab…

  • White Dialectics as Multidimensional, Contextual, and Transformational

    Open Access•Elizabeth M Abrams, Nathan R Todd•ARTICLE•The Counseling Psychologist•2011•Cited by: 2•References: 16

    This rejoinder provides a response to reactions by Ponterotto, Sue, and Toporek to the White dialectics framework presented in Todd and Abrams’s article. The present response focuses on incorporating multidimensionality, the multilevel nature of context, and the potential for transformation in the White dialectics framework. The authors expand future directions for research and present a recent example of the application of the White dialectics f…

  • Perceived racism and mental health among Black American adults: A meta-analytic review.

    Alex L Pieterse, Nathan R Todd et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Counseling Psychology•2012

    The literature indicates that perceived racism tends to be associated with adverse psychological and physiological outcomes; however, findings in this area are not yet conclusive. In this meta-analysis, we systematically reviewed 66 studies (total sample size of 18,140 across studies), published between January 1996 and April 2011, on the associations between racism and mental health among Black Americans. Using a random-effects model, we found a…

  • Political and theological orientation as moderators for the association between religious attendance and attitudes toward gay marriage for White Christians

    Nathan R Todd, K S Ong•ARTICLE•Psychology of Religion and…•2012

  • White Men’s Fears, White Women’s Tears: Examining Gender Differences in Racial Affect Types

    Open Access•Lisa B Spanierman, Jacquelyn Beard et al.•ARTICLE•Sex Roles•2012•Cited by: 23•References: 21

  • Religious Networking Organizations and Social Justice: An Ethnographic Case Study

    Open Access•Nathan R Todd•ARTICLE•American Journal of Community…•2012•Cited by: 17•References: 72

    The current study provides an innovative examination of how and why religious networking organizations work for social justice in their local community. Similar to a coalition or community coordinating council, religious networking organizations are formal organizations comprised of individuals from multiple religious congregations who consistently meet to organize around a common goal. Based on over a year and a half of ethnographic participatio…

  • Council‐Based Approaches to Intimate Partner Violence: Evidence for Distal Change in the System Response

    Open Access•Nicole E Allen, Nathan R Todd et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Community…•2013•Cited by: 6•References: 22

    Communities across the United States are collaborating to create a coordinated response to intimate partner violence (IPV); ideally, this involves promoting best practices in the justice and human service systems and engaging a broad array of community sectors (e.g., human service; criminal justice; faith; business; education) to promote victim safety and batterer accountability (Pence, 1999 ). The current study examined the extent to which Famil…

  • Religious Congregations and Social Justice Participation: A Multilevel Examination of Social Processes and Leadership

    Open Access•Jaclyn Houston-Kolnik, Jaclyn D Houston et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Community…•2013•Cited by: 15•References: 40

    Religious congregations have potential to be mediating structures for social justice participation. However, research has yet to examine the specific social processes or leadership characteristics within congregations that may promote social justice participation. In this study, we use data from 176,901 participants nested within 1,938 congregations to test how social processes (i.e., religious attendance at worship services, extra‐worship partic…

  • Examining Patterns of Political, Social Service, and Collaborative Involvement of Religious Congregations: A Latent Class and Transition Analysis

    Open Access•Nathan R Todd, Jaclyn Houston-Kolnik et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Community…•2013•Cited by: 14•References: 51

    This investigation examines typologies of congregations based on patterns of congregational political and social service activities and collaborative partners. Based on a latent class analysis of a national random sample of 2,153 congregations, results indicated four distinct types of congregations with unique patterns of political, social service, and collaborative partnerships labeled: (a) Active, (b) Not Active, (c) Social Service Not Politica…

  • Aggressive and Prosocial Behavior: Community Violence, Cognitive, and Behavioral Predictors Among Urban African American Youth

    Open Access•Susan D Mcmahon, Nathan R Todd et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Community…•2013•Cited by: 14•References: 54

    We use longitudinal multilevel modeling to test how exposure to community violence and cognitive and behavioral factors contribute to the development of aggressive and prosocial behaviors. Specifically, we examine predictors of self‐, peer‐, and teacher‐reported aggressive and prosocial behavior among 266 urban, African American early adolescents. We examine lagged, within‐person, between‐person, and protective effects across 2 years. In general,…

  • Social Justice and Religious Participation: A Qualitative Investigation of Christian Perspectives

    Open Access•Nathan R Todd, Anne K Rufa•ARTICLE•American Journal of Community…•2013•Cited by: 13•References: 50

    This investigation examines how self‐identified Christians in the Midwest U.S. understand and work for social justice, with a focus on their process of social justice development and the role of religious congregations in promoting social justice. Using a grounded theory analysis of 15 in‐depth interviews, results indicated multiple understandings of social justice such as meeting basic needs, fixing social structures and systems to create equal …

  • Preliminary validation of the Sanctification of Social Justice Scale

    Nathan R Todd, Jaclyn Houston-Kolnik et al.•ARTICLE•Psychology of Religion and…•2014

    This study presents psychometric results for the initial validation of the Sanctification of Social Justice Scale (SSJS). We conceptualized the sanctification of social justice as how strongly individuals connect working for social justice to an expression of God’s will and what it means to be Christian. Across 4 studies including over 1,200 Christian college students, an exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, internal consist…

  • Interpreting Community Accountability: Citizen Views of Responding to Domestic Violence (or Not)

    Open Access•Jacob Z Hess, Jacob Hess et al.•ARTICLE•Qualitative Report•2014•References: 8

    In spite of common public condemnations of domestic violence, survey research suggests that citizens aware of actual abuse often believe they cannot or should not personally respond. Through in-depth interviews with 20 local citizens across the political spectrum, we sought to explore this dynamic more carefully by better understanding community interpretations of domestic violence and its appropriate response. This paper explores ten specific vi…

  • Ethnography in Community Psychology: Promises and Tensions

    Open Access•Andrew D Case, Nathan R Todd et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Community…•2014•Cited by: 9•References: 66

    Community psychology recognizes the need for research methods that illuminate context, culture, diversity, and process. One such method, ethnography, has crossed into multiple disciplines from anthropology, and indeed, community psychologists are becoming community ethnographers. Ethnographic work stands at the intersection of bridging universal questions with the particularities of people and groups bounded in time, geographic location, and soci…

  • The Role of Attitudes Toward White Privilege and Religious Beliefs in Predicting Social Justice Interest and Commitment

    Open Access•Nathan R Todd, Elizabeth A Mcconnell et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Community…•2014•Cited by: 8•References: 60

    The current study examines links among attitudes toward White privilege, religious beliefs, and social justice interest and commitment for White Christian students. Two distinct patterns of results emerged from a path analysis of 500 White Christian students. First, a willingness to confront White privilege was positively associated with the sanctification of social justice (i.e., attributing spiritual significance to working for social justice) …

  • The Role of Sense of Community and Conflict in Predicting Congregational Belonging

    Open Access•Vincent Mammana‐Lupo, Nathan R Todd et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Community Psychology•2014•Cited by: 9•References: 52

    This investigation extends research on religious congregations by examining how a sense of community and congregational conflict predict a sense of belonging to one's religious congregation. Based on a national random sample of 86,863 individuals nested in 424 congregations, we used multilevel logistic regression to test individual, congregational, and cross‐level interactive effects. Findings revealed that sense of community dimensions of member…

  • Applying affiliation social network analysis to understand interfaith groups

    Open Access•Nathan R Todd, Jaclyn Houston-Kolnik et al.•ARTICLE•Psychosocial Intervention•2015

    This study applies affiliation social network analysis to understand how interfaith groups provide resources to other community groups and link interfaith group members to resources for local community change. Based on a sample of 88 interfaith groups from across the U.S., affiliation social network analysis pictures show distinct patterns in how interfaith groups share resources with community groups and link members to community resources. Over…

  • Trans women and Michfest: An ethnophenomenology of attendees' experiences

    Elizabeth A Mcconnell, Charlynn A Odahl-Ruan et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Lesbian Studies•2015•Cited by: 6•References: 1

    The rise of queer and transgender studies has greatly contributed to feminist and lesbian understandings of sex, gender, and sexuality and also has resulted in rifts, tensions, and border wars. One such tension is around the inclusion of trans women in women-only space, such as the Michigan Womyn's Music Festival (Michfest). In this ethnophenomenological study, we interviewed and surveyed 43 cisgender women who attended Michfest in 2013. Particip…

Psychology (54 works) · Social Psychology (46 works) · Sociology (44 works) · Political science (33 works) · Social Psychology (21 works) · Gender Studies (20 works) · Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology (20 works) · Community Health and Development (18 works) · Law (17 works) · Medicine (14 works)

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