Gordon Clark
Biographic Data
| ID | 3751999 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Gordon Clark |
| GIVEN NAMES | Gordon |
| FAMILY NAME | Clark |
| SIGNATURE | CLARK G |
| AFFILIATIONS | Lancaster University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-2954-9246 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 68 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 402 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 68 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1977 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 11 |
Using individual GIS projects to build students’ self-efficacy: An empirical and theoretical study
The authors have previously demonstrated that students pursuing individual GIS projects adopted different strategies, recognising that further research was required to understand how they used online sources of help. Here, we explore how students engaged with these sources and provide future students with advice on how to use them more effectively and efficiently. Adopting self-efficacy as a theoretical construct, we analyse the students’ progres…
Symposium – Built Up: An Historical Perspective on the Contemporary Principles and Practices of Real Estate Development , by Patrice Derrington. London: Routledge (2021)
Stanford Research Initiative on Long-Term Investing, School of Engineering, 6429Stanford University, USA
Going solo: Students’ strategies for coping with an independent GIS project
A GIS project is an effective means of linking learning about GIS and learning with GIS, and it can enhance students’ employability. However, individual project work creates challenges that could result in failed assessment. Here we adopt a mixed-methods approach to examine how students of mixed abilities cope with GIS problems and to reveal the variety of support mechanisms they adopt. We also highlight the moral dilemmas of achieving academic s…
The Significance of Financial Competence and Risk Tolerance in Home-Related Expenditure by Jurisdiction and Regime
Understanding observed geographical patterns in financial behaviour requires an analytical approach that joins global forces with national institutions and behavioural practices to account for similarities and differences in key explanatory variables. Patterns of home-related expenditures are regressed against individuals’ attributes including age, gender, income, and employment status along with measures of individual’s financial acumen. It is s…
An alternative ethics for research: Levinas and the unheard voices and unseen faces
Some social scientists have criticised the workings of research-ethics committees on the grounds that their biomedical model is ill-suited to some social-science research in both practical and philosophical terms. In this paper we review these criticisms and propose an alternative approach to pre-research ethical review that is based on the philosophy of Emmanuel Levinas
Making Human Geography
1. Human Geography: The First Half Century 2. Long Live the Revolution! 3. Social Theory and Human Geography: Material Matters 4. Social Theory and Human Geography: Worlds of Meaning 5. New Understandings of Space 6. Methods in Question 7. Human Geography and How and Why Things Happen 8. Making Space for Human Geography in the Social Sciences 9. Making Sense of Human Geography, Past and Present Postscript
Evaluating team project-work using triangulation: Lessons from communities in northern Ghana
This paper uses triangulation to assess key aspects of a team-based, participatory action research programme for undergraduates in rural communities across northern Ghana. The perceptions of the programme and its effects on the students, staff and host communities are compared, showing areas of agreement and disagreement. The successes of the programme (particularly the students' development) and areas for improvement (student preparation and fol…
Roepke Lecture in Economic Geography-Financial Literacy in Context
Financial literacy has caught the attention of policy makers around the world. A major research program has been initiated by the World Bank aimed at mapping patterns of financial literacy in developed and developing economies. In this article, I explain the conceptual foundations of the literacy project, develop a critique of its testing procedures, and suggest that, at the limit, it is an impossible project. At every turn, standard tests of fin…
Mapping financial literacy: Cognition and the environment
Recent research suggests that regions can be characterized according to their (more or less) financial literacy. One implication is that there may be regional ecologies of finance nested within national institutions and global markets. This article begins by situating behaviour in time and space, linking behaviour to the interaction between cognition and the environment. This is followed by a substantive account of the geographical scale of the “…
Pensions or Property
Saving for retirement is fraught with risk and uncertainty. For those not privileged by participation in a defined benefit pension plan, the issue is made complex by problematic decision rules: the options available are variable in terms of their costs and possible consequences, there is considerable uncertainty surrounding the anticipated outcomes of different options, and it is quite unclear whether conventional savings instruments are better o…
The geography of law
Parental choice and the rural primary school: Lifestyle, locality and loyalty
Attendance and Performance: Correlations and Motives in Lecture-Based Modules
Does attending lectures improve student performance? Using novel attendance data, we examine statistically the relationships between attendance and performance for first-year and third-year students. The relationship is moderately positive: very high attendance is significantly associated with an improvement in performance over very low attenders of between 5.3 and 12.8 per cent, depending on circumstances. Then, we provide qualitative evidence f…
Teaching Geographical Information Systems in Geography Degrees: A Critical Reassessment of Vocationalism
Geographical information systems (GIS) are in tune with the current ethos of higher education because of their perceived vocational value. However, it is particularly difficult to teach GIS vocationally. This paper critiques the claim of vocationalism. The authors use an innovative method of evaluating a module that enlists its alumni to reflect on the career value of their GIS teaching. The survey was analysed to show how, to what extent and for…
Financial Valuation of the German Model: The Negative Relationship Between Ownership Concentration and Stock Market Returns, 1997-2001
Believed to be a robust alternative to Anglo-American market capitalism, the virtues of the German model are increasingly disputed as doubts are raised about its long-term prospects. At the core of the German model is a system of corporate governance that is characterized by concentrated ownership and cross-holdings of stocks among related firms and their financial service providers. When combined with workers' representation on corporate supervi…
Social and Environmental Shareholder Activism in the Public Spotlight: US Corporate Annual Meetings, Campaign Strategies, and Environmental Performance, 2001–04
Held in abeyance by the Cold War and the preeminence of the nation-state over the past fifty years, the legitimacy of the corporation is once again in dispute. New kinds of private agencies and social actors have emerged to raise questions and, in some cases, intervene directly in the governance of major corporations. Often, corporate engagement is out of the public view—being a conversation amongst financial elites about common interests. In oth…
Going Beyond our Limits: Issues for Able and Disabled Students
This paper explores the degree of parallelism between the advice on successful study at university that one might give students with disabilities and the advice for those who are 'abled'. Areas of advice in common are evident and areas of disimilarity are seen. The medical and social models of disability are implicitly brought into question as a suitable framework of such studies
Mapping UK pension benefits and the intended purchase of annuities in the aftermath of the 1990s stock market bubble
Many people rely upon personal and employer‐sponsored pensions to supplement the basic state pension. As such, the soon‐to‐retire baby‐boom generation will depend on the nature and number of their pension entitlements as well as the performance of global stock markets – a fact of life ignored when market prospects appear on an upwards trajectory but of considerable concern when markets decline. There are increasing concerns about the social and g…
Special Issue: Rural Tourism in Europe
The process of European integration is highly uneven, and is characterized by often contradictory tendencies to both greater homogeneity and heterogeneity. The evolution of rural tourism is no exce
Measuring Integrated Rural Tourism
If the concept of integrated rural tourism, as developed in the SPRITE (Supporting and Promoting Integrated Tourism in Europe's Lagging Rural Regions) project, is to be used as an operational tool to assess the all-round value of tourism in rural areas, there needs to be a means of measuring the value of tourism, and changes in it. Statistical, 'objective' methods of achieving this are critiqued. This paper describes the development of an alterna…
Conceptualizing Integrated Rural Tourism
Rural spaces are no longer associated purely with agricultural commodity production but are seen as locations for the stimulation of new socio-economic activity, often incorporating tourism, leisure, speciality food production and consumption and e-commerce. Within the context of debates about integrated and territorial approaches to rural development in Europe's 'lagging regions', this paper introduces the notion of 'integrated rural tourism' (I…
A New World Order
Performing finance: The industry, the media and its image
Much of the academic finance literature has been devoted to theoretical principles concerning portfolio design, the efficient market and strategic asset allocation. Similarly, industry organization studies have been concerned with the fundamentals of firm structure, entry and exit from the industry, and spatial and industrial concentration. But finance is also a never-ending series of daily stories, issuing from the pink pages of respectable broa…
Globalization and Competitive Strategy in Europe's Vulnerable Regions: Firm, Industry and Country Effects in Labour-intensive Industries
Clark G. L., Palaskas T., Tracey P. and Tsampra M. (2004) Globalization and competitive strategy in Europe's vulnerable regions: firm, industry and country effects in labour-intensive industries, Regional Studies38, 1077-1092. European integration has prompted great interest in the adjustment capacities of small and medium enterprises in regions characterized by high levels of unemployment and lower-than-average incomes. At issue, in these circum…
Market Revenue and the Scope and Scale of SME Networks in Europe's Vulnerable Regions
For some, networks have ontological status, being associated with the embeddedness of social life in general and the necessary embeddedness of firms in their industries and regions in particular. For others less certain about ontology, networks are vital ingredients in firm-specific competitive strategies and long-term growth prospects. In this paper we approach the issue with reference to firm-specific competitive strategies, reporting the resul…
Performing finance: The industry, the media and its image
Much of the academic finance literature has been devoted to theoretical principles concerning portfolio design, the efficient market and strategic asset allocation. Similarly, industry organization studies have been concerned with the fundamentals of firm structure, entry and exit from the industry, and spatial and industrial concentration. But finance is also a never-ending series of daily stories, issuing from the pink pages of respectable broa…
Conceptualizing Integrated Rural Tourism
Rural spaces are no longer associated purely with agricultural commodity production but are seen as locations for the stimulation of new socio-economic activity, often incorporating tourism, leisure, speciality food production and consumption and e-commerce. Within the context of debates about integrated and territorial approaches to rural development in Europe's 'lagging regions', this paper introduces the notion of 'integrated rural tourism' (I…
The development of alternative farm enterprises: A study of family labour farms in the northern Pennines of England
Strategy and Structure: Corporate Restructuring and the Scope and Characteristics of Sunk Costs
Most studies of industrial restructuring and regional adjustment are focused upon the local consequences or causes of restructuring. Few studies are focused upon corporate strategy, an essential ingredient for a better understanding of the motive forces behind restructuring. This paper is an attempt to redress the balance, beginning with the relationship between structure (the inherited configuration of production) and strategy (the design and im…
Measuring Integrated Rural Tourism
If the concept of integrated rural tourism, as developed in the SPRITE (Supporting and Promoting Integrated Tourism in Europe's Lagging Rural Regions) project, is to be used as an operational tool to assess the all-round value of tourism in rural areas, there needs to be a means of measuring the value of tourism, and changes in it. Statistical, 'objective' methods of achieving this are critiqued. This paper describes the development of an alterna…
The Decline of Urban Politics: Political Theory and the Crisis of the Local State
Rogues and Regulation in Global Finance: Maxwell, Leeson and the City of London
CLARK G. L. (1997) Rogues and regulation in global finance: Maxwell, Leeson and the City of London, Reg. Studies 31, 221-236. In this paper, I explore the culture of the finance industry in general and, in particular, the problems of dealing with socalled rogue behaviour in the context of regulation and regulatory regimes. The reference points for analysis are the recent cases of Robert Maxwell, the British entrepreneur who is thought by many to …
An Introduction to Rural Geography
The City of London in the Asian crisis
This paper seeks to understand the Asian crisis through the eyes of the City of London. Relying upon material provided by The Financial Times (FT), we construct an index of pessimism to chart the dominant City of London interpretation of the path of the crisis. This index is set against data on the actual performance of the Hong Kong, and Tokyo, London, and New York stock markets over the same period. We have the luxury of retrospectively reconst…
Parental choice and the rural primary school: Lifestyle, locality and loyalty
Regional Development and the Local Community: Planning, Politics, and Social Context
A comprehensive critical history of regional planning in France, Britain, and the United States, beginning with the emergence of regional planning during the late nineteenth century. Relates regional planning to the general evolution of social science, and analyzes its development in the context of social theory, economic and political conditions, and societal change
An alternative ethics for research: Levinas and the unheard voices and unseen faces
Some social scientists have criticised the workings of research-ethics committees on the grounds that their biomedical model is ill-suited to some social-science research in both practical and philosophical terms. In this paper we review these criticisms and propose an alternative approach to pre-research ethical review that is based on the philosophy of Emmanuel Levinas
Globalization and Competitive Strategy in Europe's Vulnerable Regions: Firm, Industry and Country Effects in Labour-intensive Industries
Clark G. L., Palaskas T., Tracey P. and Tsampra M. (2004) Globalization and competitive strategy in Europe's vulnerable regions: firm, industry and country effects in labour-intensive industries, Regional Studies38, 1077-1092. European integration has prompted great interest in the adjustment capacities of small and medium enterprises in regions characterized by high levels of unemployment and lower-than-average incomes. At issue, in these circum…
Teaching Geographical Information Systems in Geography Degrees: A Critical Reassessment of Vocationalism
Geographical information systems (GIS) are in tune with the current ethos of higher education because of their perceived vocational value. However, it is particularly difficult to teach GIS vocationally. This paper critiques the claim of vocationalism. The authors use an innovative method of evaluating a module that enlists its alumni to reflect on the career value of their GIS teaching. The survey was analysed to show how, to what extent and for…
Restructuring the U.S. Economy: The NLRB, the Saturn Project, and Economic Justice
N.B. Professor Clark was based at Carnegie-Mellon University when this article was first published. We are not permitted to provide full-text of this article in ORA. Citation: Clark, G. L. (1986). 'Restructuring the U.S. economy: the NLRB, the Saturn Project, and economic justice', Economic Geography, 62(4), 289-306
Mapping UK pension benefits and the intended purchase of annuities in the aftermath of the 1990s stock market bubble
Many people rely upon personal and employer‐sponsored pensions to supplement the basic state pension. As such, the soon‐to‐retire baby‐boom generation will depend on the nature and number of their pension entitlements as well as the performance of global stock markets – a fact of life ignored when market prospects appear on an upwards trajectory but of considerable concern when markets decline. There are increasing concerns about the social and g…
Pension fund capitalism: A causal analysis
Since 1980, UK individual pension and retirement assets have increased about twelvefold to around 1.5 trillion. Over the same period, US household retirement assets have increased about tenfold to more than US$7 trillion. High rates of asset growth have also been observed for Australia and Canada. Notwithstanding their current high standards of living, countries in much of continental Europe have not shared in these extraordinary rates of growth …
Enterprise education in geography at Lancaster
The initial development of a scheme for ‘enterprise education’ within the Department of Geography at the University of Lancaster is described. The constraints and opportunities provided by the United Kingdom Training Agency's Enterprise in Higher Education Programme are set out. It is concluded that evaluation of the scheme will be lengthy and conceptually difficult. The influence of the Programme in the short term will derive less from its struc…
Commentary
Roepke Lecture in Economic Geography-Financial Literacy in Context
Financial literacy has caught the attention of policy makers around the world. A major research program has been initiated by the World Bank aimed at mapping patterns of financial literacy in developed and developing economies. In this article, I explain the conceptual foundations of the literacy project, develop a critique of its testing procedures, and suggest that, at the limit, it is an impossible project. At every turn, standard tests of fin…
Pensions or Property
Saving for retirement is fraught with risk and uncertainty. For those not privileged by participation in a defined benefit pension plan, the issue is made complex by problematic decision rules: the options available are variable in terms of their costs and possible consequences, there is considerable uncertainty surrounding the anticipated outcomes of different options, and it is quite unclear whether conventional savings instruments are better o…
The educational value of the rural trail: A short walk in the Lancashire countryside
This paper explores the educational value of a rural trail—a field visit on foot—using as an example a trail in a small area of countryside near Lancaster in northern England. This trail provides those teaching rural geography in higher education with a means of developing their students’ skills of informed observation and interpretation of field evidence based on study and discussion on‐site. A trail can enhance the appreciation and teaching of …
Interregional Migration, National Policy, and Social Justice
Mapping financial literacy: Cognition and the environment
Recent research suggests that regions can be characterized according to their (more or less) financial literacy. One implication is that there may be regional ecologies of finance nested within national institutions and global markets. This article begins by situating behaviour in time and space, linking behaviour to the interaction between cognition and the environment. This is followed by a substantive account of the geographical scale of the “…
Enterprise dissertations revisited
This paper critically re‐evaluates the ‘enterprise dissertation’ at Lancaster in the light of subsequent developments in teaching in the Department of Geography. It explains why client‐based experience was not provided for all our students using this initiative
The spatial context of manpower policy: Implications of current Canadian policy on regional development and planning
The Political Business Cycle and the Distribution of Regional Unemployment
N.B. Professor Clark was based at the Department of Geography, McMaster University when this article was first published. The full-text of this article is not available in ORA. Citation: Clark, G. L. (1978). 'The political business-cycle and the distribution of regional unemployment', Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie, 69(3), 154-164. [Available at http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/loi/TESG]
A Social Atlas of Central Lancashire
Housing Policy in the Lake District
The presence of second homes in the Lake District National Park has engendered two opposing housing trends. The form and consequences of each are examined and the events leading to the reversal of policy are discussed. The paper draws conclusions on the effects of intervening in the 'free market' in housing through the planning mechanism, and on how the conflicting aims of the Planning Board have been resolved
Government Policy and the Form of Local Labor Markets
The full-text of this article is not available in ORA. Citation: Clark, G. L. (1983). 'Government policy and the form of local labor markets', Urban Geography, 4, 1-15
International Migration, National Policy, and Social Justice
Interregional Migration, National Policy, and Social Justice
Interregional Migration, National Policy and Social Justice
State Apparatus: Structures and Languages of Legitimacy
Regional Development and the Local Community: Planning, Politics, and Social Context
A comprehensive critical history of regional planning in France, Britain, and the United States, beginning with the emergence of regional planning during the late nineteenth century. Relates regional planning to the general evolution of social science, and analyzes its development in the context of social theory, economic and political conditions, and societal change
Spatial Divisions of Labor: Social Structures and the Geography of Production
Part 1 Issues. Part 2 Social relations and spatial organization: the debate characterizing capital social structures and capitalist relations of production the social and the spatial - an impossible dichotomy an example. Part 3 Uneven development and spatial structures: the approach spatial structures of capitalist production spatial structures of production and geographical inequality the uniqueness of space. Part 4 Some changing spatial structu…
Restructuring the U.S. Economy: The NLRB, the Saturn Project, and Economic Justice
N.B. Professor Clark was based at Carnegie-Mellon University when this article was first published. We are not permitted to provide full-text of this article in ORA. Citation: Clark, G. L. (1986). 'Restructuring the U.S. economy: the NLRB, the Saturn Project, and economic justice', Economic Geography, 62(4), 289-306
An Introduction to Rural Geography
State Apparatus
Judges and the Cities: Interpreting Local Autonomy
In this remarkable inquiry into the bases of social theory, Gordon L. Clark argues that the heterogeneous nature of our society, with its pluralism of values, causes the rules of social conduct to be constantly made and remade. Examining the role of thecourts in structuring and achieving social discourse, he contends that legal doctrine is no different from other social theories: judicial interpretations are constructed out of specific circumstan…
Commentary
The Decline of Urban Politics: Political Theory and the Crisis of the Local State
The future of rural communities: The district council view
Restructuring, Workers' Pension Rights, and the Law
This paper extends analysis of the intersection between economic and geographical restructuring, unions, and corporate pension liabilities. The focus here is on Gavalik v Continental Can Co., a suit brought in federal district court alleging that the company had violated Section 510 of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act by laying off workers and relocating work at the company's Pittsburgh plant. After considering the role of unions in th…
Unions and Communities under Siege: American Communities and the Crisis of Organized Labor
Economy and Community: 1. Crisis of organized labor 2. Understanding union growth and decline Part II. Drama of Economic Restructuring: 3. Communities and corporate location strategies 4. Rationing jobs within the union, between communities Part III. Union Performance in Representation Elections: 5. Democracy in the guise of representation elections 6. Organizing strategies in the heartland and the South 7. At the margin of the rules of the game …
Planning and the Future of the Countryside: Great Britain and the Netherlands
Enterprise education in geography at Lancaster
The initial development of a scheme for ‘enterprise education’ within the Department of Geography at the University of Lancaster is described. The constraints and opportunities provided by the United Kingdom Training Agency's Enterprise in Higher Education Programme are set out. It is concluded that evaluation of the scheme will be lengthy and conceptually difficult. The influence of the Programme in the short term will derive less from its struc…
An Industrial Geography of the Netherlands: An International Perspective
1. Introduction 2. The Industrialization Process in Perspective 3. The International Perspective of Dutch Industry 4. Regional Industrial Patterns and Trends 5. Industrialization, Policy and the Region 6. Economic Revitalization and the Region 7. Coporate Internalization: The Position of the Netherlands 8. Large Manufacturing Corporations in the Netherlands 9. Regional Development Potential
Unions and Communities under Siege: American Communities and the Crisis of Organized Labor
Commentary
Political science (40 works) · Economics (36 works) · Geography (35 works) · Sociology (29 works) · Law (20 works) · Economic geography (18 works) · Business (17 works) · Computer Science (17 works) · Finance (14 works) · Regional science (13 works)