Hermann Kreutzmann
Biographic Data
| ID | 3755725 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Hermann Kreutzmann |
| GIVEN NAMES | Hermann |
| FAMILY NAME | Kreutzmann |
| SIGNATURE | KREUTZMANN H |
| AFFILIATIONS | Freie Universität Berlin |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-5703-6130 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 40 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 90 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 39 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 1 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1990 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 6 |
On the Road to Kashgar: Murder and Commemoration of Adolph Schlagintweit
Three aspects linked to the circumstances of Adolph Schlagintweit’s travel to Kashgar are contextualised with the Great Game and Anglo-Russian rivalry in Central Asia. First, Chokan Valikhanov’s friendship with the eminent explorer Pyotr Semenov sheds light on the linkage between Russian and German geographers. Second, the acquaintance between explorers in Russian services and the Schlagintweit brothers in their quest for reaching the Tien Shan M…
Pastoralism in Shimshal: Adapting Old Practices to Meet New Challenges
Shimshal is one of the valleys in Karakoram most favourably endowed with pasture resources. The pastures are a major asset of the community and a stable feature of agricultural practice. However, in recent years pastures have become increasingly difficult to access and the pastoral workforce has been declining, threatening the sustainability of combined mountain agriculture and the livelihood of local farmers/herders. There are many factors behin…
Complex management of water and agriculture: The case of the Hunza-Karakoram region (Pakistan)
Water management in the Karakoram (Pakistan) has been perceived as a key to understanding community rules and regulations as well as the societal setup and structures of authority and domination. The Hunza Valley has experienced several transformations since the colonial conquest at the end of the 19th century. Water rights and irrigation practices seem to have survived over long periods and reflect the process of expanding oasis agriculture in t…
Identity, History and Trans-Nationality in Central Asia: The Mountain Communities of Pamir. Edited by Dagikhudo Dagiev and Carole Faucher
Book review
Mapping Transition in the Pamirs
K ashmir
The legacy of the Kashmir conflict has been affecting the economic and political relations between India and Pakistan ever since their independence. Its territorial, strategic, and legal dimensions are many‐layered. Partly, they can be perceived as being rooted in the colonial domination of the British empire, the effects of which did not disappear with decolonization. For the Kashmir citizens a denied referendum on voting for their destiny has r…
C hina, Pastoralists in
The final settlement of all nomads has been envisaged by the Chinese government in May 2013. This seems to be the last step in a sequence of revolutionary and modernization efforts in order to transform the social organization and livelihoods of pastoralists in China. Shortly after the Chinese Revolution collectivization marked a first significant hiatus in pastoral practices. After Deng Xiaoping's reforms to modernize the country several steps h…
Mapping Transition in the Pamirs: Changing Human-Environmental Landscapes
Boundaries and space in Gilgit-Baltistan
Boundary-making in the Karakoram–Himalayan borderlands has found a diverse set of actors and expressions over time. Legacies from colonial borders are part of contemporary disputes about affiliation, participation, and space. Three aspects are addressed in this paper: first, the debate about 'natural' and 'scientific' boundaries for purposes of colonial territorial acquisition; second, postcolonial debates in the recent renaming game in Gilgit-Ba…
Pamirian Crossroads: Kirghiz and Wakhi of High Asia
Transformation of high altitude livestock-keeping in China’s mountainous western periphery
High Asia has experienced a number of societal transformations in recent years that have significantly affected the livelihoods of pastoralists and combined mountain farmers. In the first place, changes have occurred in the management practices and the relationship between state institutions and pastoralists. A closer look reveals that significant transformations prevail in all locations concerned. In the context of the PR of China, cases from Ti…
Recent results from pastoralism research and development practice
In recent years a growing attention is given to pastoralism research and practice. Two reasons are mainly responsible : First, the growing awareness of the importance of rangelands and pastures in the framework of global and climatic change. Second, the different forms of external interventions in the pastoral realm that have significantly changed the degrees of freedom and have contributed to a shrinking space for pastoral communities.
Publisher Information
Publisher Information
Publisher Information
Linking Relief and Development in Pakistan-administered Kashmir: Restoring Local Livelihoods and Economic Security in Earthquake-affected Areas
In response to the devastating earthquake that hit northern Pakistan on 8 October 2005, the German Red Cross (GRC), in partnership with the Economic Security Unit of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), implemented a complex livestock restocking program combined with structural interventions in the basic animal health sector. Livestock restocking, which was a new experience for both GRC and ICRC, indicates a shift from the relief …
Contested commons – multiple insecurities of pastoralists in North-Eastern Afghanistan
Pastoralists in North-Eastern Afghanistan are exposed to a multitude of contemporary challenges and threats while practising mobile animal husbandry in differing locations and within the spheres of varying power constellations.In this article a historical perspective is adopted to explore the challenges and multiple insecurities of Pashtun and Uzbek pastoral communities who seasonally engage in long-distance migration from the lowlands in Norther…
Persistence and change of Afghan-German economic cooperation - The case of the New Baghlan Sugar Company
Rebuilding a national economy in a conflict situation poses a host of challenges, and this holds true especially for contemporary Afghanistan.The case of the New Baghlan Sugar Company is taken as a precedent for analysing continuity and change in Afghan-German relations and in an agro-industrial enterprise that was conceived in the 1930s and has survived until today.Today, as in the past, cooperation partners have included the Afghan government a…
Transformations of High Mountain Pastoral Strategies in the Pamirian Knot
Mountain pastoralism in the Pamirian Knot has been significantly transformed from the nineteenth to the twentieth century. The development path has depended on spheres of influence of dominating powers and affiliation to mighty neighbours and, subsequently, to parties in the Cold War. Significant interventions that led to structural changes can be societal transformations, such as those that happened in the Emirate of Bokhara- Tsarist Russia-Sovi…
Kashmir and the Northern Areas of Pakistan: Boundary-making along contested frontiers
Boundaries as known to us and delineated on maps were introduced in the Hindukush-Karakoram-Himalaya ranges in the late 19 th century.The results of the "Great Game" have created major sources for conflicts and war.Kashmir, the Siachin Glacier and the Northern Areas of Pakistan are prime examples of virulent disputes which are still hot issues today.This contribution aims to identify the historical background and stage-wise developments which led…
Dividing the World: Conflict and inequality in the context of growing global tension
The central themes in development theory have addressed exclusion\nof social groups, poverty gaps and strategies to overcome development deficits.\nIn order to perceive the spatial structuring of inequality, concepts defining three\nseparate worlds found ubiquitous appreciation and omnipresent adaptation.\nCoinciding with the end of the Cold War the 'endism' debate also suggested the\nend of the 'Third World'. Presently it has become apparent tha…
Afghanistan and the Opium World Market: Poppy Production and Trade
The Afghan poppy cultivation is presented here as a case in point to exemplify the linkages between external influences and local effects. World market and power relations have influenced cultivation patterns, processing, and trafficking. At the same time, poppy cultivation pinpoints an internal development which is strongly linked to deteriorating state control, warlordism, and regional power politics. Opium production has served as a major sour…
Wakhan Woluswali in Badakhshan. Observations and reflections from Afghanistan's periphery
Wakhan Woluswali in Badakhshan. Beobachtungen und Reflektionen aus der afghanischen Peripherie Die konzeptionelle Wiederentdeckung der ?drei Welten bildet den Ausgangspunkt fiir eine empirische Untersuchung in einem darin als ?pramodern bezeichneten Staatswesen. Afghanistan dient als raumliche Fallstudie fiir die Gleichzeitigkeit von Globalisierung und Fragmentierung. Zentralisierte Machtund Infrastrukturen werden in ihrer Wirkung auf die afghani…
Pastoral Practices and Their Transformation in the North-Western Karakoram
Textbooks and research papers dealing with pastoral practices in high mountain contexts generally favour the European ‘Alpwirtschaft ’ or ‘Almwirtschaft ’ strategy as the only important way of utilising mountain resources. The first diagram published by Arbos (1923: 572) described the movement of mountain farmers and their livestock in Tarentaise in the French Alps. More than half a century later it was reproduced as the sole and/or role model in…
Ellsworth Huntington and his perspective on Central Asia. Great game experiences and their influence on development thought
The Karakoram Highway: The Impact of Road Construction on Mountain Societies
The opening up of regions in the high mountains for motorized traffic has led world-wide to consequences concerning the penetration of these formerly remote areas.Not only have running-times and means of transport been reduced through the modern routes, but also radical developments in the mountains have been induced. In this context physio-geographical and socio-political frame conditions are of predominant importance for the installation of fun…
Pamirian Crossroads: Kirghiz and Wakhi of High Asia
Ethnic minorities and marginality in the Pamirian Knot: Survival of Wakhi and Kirghiz in a harsh environment and global contexts
This paper challenges the thesis that mountain areas are regions of refuge. The refuge concept attributes irrelevant exchange and limited communication to isolated mountain habitats which mainly depend on production for home consumption. In contrast, it is shown that exchange relations in all walks of life have been affected not only recently but for nearly two centuries in Central Asia, although the continued importance of subsistence strategies…
Boundaries and space in Gilgit-Baltistan
Boundary-making in the Karakoram–Himalayan borderlands has found a diverse set of actors and expressions over time. Legacies from colonial borders are part of contemporary disputes about affiliation, participation, and space. Three aspects are addressed in this paper: first, the debate about 'natural' and 'scientific' boundaries for purposes of colonial territorial acquisition; second, postcolonial debates in the recent renaming game in Gilgit-Ba…
Pastoral Practices and Their Transformation in the North-Western Karakoram
Textbooks and research papers dealing with pastoral practices in high mountain contexts generally favour the European ‘Alpwirtschaft ’ or ‘Almwirtschaft ’ strategy as the only important way of utilising mountain resources. The first diagram published by Arbos (1923: 572) described the movement of mountain farmers and their livestock in Tarentaise in the French Alps. More than half a century later it was reproduced as the sole and/or role model in…
Afghanistan and the Opium World Market: Poppy Production and Trade
The Afghan poppy cultivation is presented here as a case in point to exemplify the linkages between external influences and local effects. World market and power relations have influenced cultivation patterns, processing, and trafficking. At the same time, poppy cultivation pinpoints an internal development which is strongly linked to deteriorating state control, warlordism, and regional power politics. Opium production has served as a major sour…
Transformations of High Mountain Pastoral Strategies in the Pamirian Knot
Mountain pastoralism in the Pamirian Knot has been significantly transformed from the nineteenth to the twentieth century. The development path has depended on spheres of influence of dominating powers and affiliation to mighty neighbours and, subsequently, to parties in the Cold War. Significant interventions that led to structural changes can be societal transformations, such as those that happened in the Emirate of Bokhara- Tsarist Russia-Sovi…
From modernization theory towards the ‘clash of civilizations’: Directions and paradigm shifts in Samuel Huntington's analysis and prognosis of global development1
Complex management of water and agriculture: The case of the Hunza-Karakoram region (Pakistan)
Water management in the Karakoram (Pakistan) has been perceived as a key to understanding community rules and regulations as well as the societal setup and structures of authority and domination. The Hunza Valley has experienced several transformations since the colonial conquest at the end of the 19th century. Water rights and irrigation practices seem to have survived over long periods and reflect the process of expanding oasis agriculture in t…
Oasenbewässerung im Karakorum. Autochtone Techniken und exogene Überprägung in der Hochgebirgslandwirtschaft Nordostpakistans
The Karakoram Highway: The Impact of Road Construction on Mountain Societies
The opening up of regions in the high mountains for motorized traffic has led world-wide to consequences concerning the penetration of these formerly remote areas.Not only have running-times and means of transport been reduced through the modern routes, but also radical developments in the mountains have been induced. In this context physio-geographical and socio-political frame conditions are of predominant importance for the installation of fun…
Anspruch und Realität einer geplanten Hauptstadt: Islamabad in Pakistan
Prospects and realisation of a planned capital\ncity: the case of Islamabad in Pakistan\nThe phenomenon of founding new capital cities\ncharacterizes a number of decolonized countries in Asia,\nAfrica and Latin America. This paper discusses the case of\nIslamabad, the capital of Pakistan, which was founded\n30 years ago. The expectations laid down in the complex\ndynapolis concept by the Greek town planner C. D. Doxiadis\nare compared with the pr…
Challenge and Response in the Karakoram: Socioeconomic Transformation in Hunza, Northern Areas, Pakistan
Globalization, Spatial Integration, and Sustainable Development in Northern Pakistan
Hermann Kreutzmann, Globalization, Spatial Integration, and Sustainable Development in Northern Pakistan, Mountain Research and Development, Vol. 15, No. 3, Geoecology and Sustainable Development in Middle Mountains and High Mountains (Aug., 1995), pp. 213-227
Persistence and Change in High Mountain Agricultural Systems
Harald Uhlig, Hermann Kreutzmann, Persistence and Change in High Mountain Agricultural Systems, Mountain Research and Development, Vol. 15, No. 3, Geoecology and Sustainable Development in Middle Mountains and High Mountains (Aug., 1995), pp. 199-212
Sprachenvielfalt und regionale Differenzierung von Glaubensgemeinschaften im Hindukusch-Karakorum. Zur Rolle von Minderheiten im Konfliktfeld Nordpakistans
Linguistic diversity and regional differentia tion of denominational groups in the Hindukush-Kara koram. The minority factor in conflict constellations of Northern Pakistan Ethnic conflicts and restricted socio-economic participa tion of minority groups have attracted increased attention in post-colonial societies of heterogeneous population com position. Regionalism, communalism and ethno-linguistic differentiation are catchphrases related to so…
Siedlungsprozesse und territoriale Aneignung im zentralen Hunza-Tal. Kulturgeographische Anmerkungen zur Karte Hunza-Karakorum 1: 100000
Settlement processes and spatial appropriation\nin the Central Hunza Valley. Cultural-geographical remarks\nfor the "Hunza-Karakorum 1:100 000" map\nAlthough some of the scientific results of the 1950s expeditions\nto the Northwest-Karakoram have been utilized for\ndifferent research purposes only now the topographic map\nof the area under study has been published. As a commentary\nfrom a cultural-geographical perspective some remarks\nare presen…
Ethnizitat Im Engwicklungsprozess: Die Wakhi In Hochasien
From watertowers of mankind to livelihood strategies of mountain dwellers: Approaches and perspectives for high mountain research
The history of the discipline of high mountain research is reflected in the approaches of empirical investigations and by focussing on regions. The pressing research questions of our time increasingly require multi- or interdisciplinary co-operation, especially in situations where the theme is one of the deteriorating living conditions of the high mountain population with fewer resources in an environment fraught with risks. Different methods of …
From modernization theory towards the ‘clash of civilizations’: Directions and paradigm shifts in Samuel Huntington's analysis and prognosis of global development1
Development Indicators for Mountain Regions
The human dimension of development processes in high mountain regions regularly escapes appropriate assessment due to a lack of applicable methods. Comparative data are lacking, and it is difficult to substantiate the position of mountain societies within nation-states. In view of the International Year of Mountains, consideration should be given to the focus of research and the need for comparative approaches. Using examples from case studies in…
Societal developments in high mountain regions of South Asia exemplified by the case of geolinguistic diversity
Kreutzmann Hermann. Societal developments in high mountain regions of South Asia exemplified by the case of geolinguistic diversity. In: Revue de géographie alpine, tome 89, n°2, 2001. pp. 148-151
Urbanization requires brick production. A case study from the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal
Ethnic minorities and marginality in the Pamirian Knot: Survival of Wakhi and Kirghiz in a harsh environment and global contexts
This paper challenges the thesis that mountain areas are regions of refuge. The refuge concept attributes irrelevant exchange and limited communication to isolated mountain habitats which mainly depend on production for home consumption. In contrast, it is shown that exchange relations in all walks of life have been affected not only recently but for nearly two centuries in Central Asia, although the continued importance of subsistence strategies…
Wakhan Woluswali in Badakhshan. Observations and reflections from Afghanistan's periphery
Wakhan Woluswali in Badakhshan. Beobachtungen und Reflektionen aus der afghanischen Peripherie Die konzeptionelle Wiederentdeckung der ?drei Welten bildet den Ausgangspunkt fiir eine empirische Untersuchung in einem darin als ?pramodern bezeichneten Staatswesen. Afghanistan dient als raumliche Fallstudie fiir die Gleichzeitigkeit von Globalisierung und Fragmentierung. Zentralisierte Machtund Infrastrukturen werden in ihrer Wirkung auf die afghani…
Pastoral Practices and Their Transformation in the North-Western Karakoram
Textbooks and research papers dealing with pastoral practices in high mountain contexts generally favour the European ‘Alpwirtschaft ’ or ‘Almwirtschaft ’ strategy as the only important way of utilising mountain resources. The first diagram published by Arbos (1923: 572) described the movement of mountain farmers and their livestock in Tarentaise in the French Alps. More than half a century later it was reproduced as the sole and/or role model in…
Ellsworth Huntington and his perspective on Central Asia. Great game experiences and their influence on development thought
Afghanistan and the Opium World Market: Poppy Production and Trade
The Afghan poppy cultivation is presented here as a case in point to exemplify the linkages between external influences and local effects. World market and power relations have influenced cultivation patterns, processing, and trafficking. At the same time, poppy cultivation pinpoints an internal development which is strongly linked to deteriorating state control, warlordism, and regional power politics. Opium production has served as a major sour…
Kashmir and the Northern Areas of Pakistan: Boundary-making along contested frontiers
Boundaries as known to us and delineated on maps were introduced in the Hindukush-Karakoram-Himalaya ranges in the late 19 th century.The results of the "Great Game" have created major sources for conflicts and war.Kashmir, the Siachin Glacier and the Northern Areas of Pakistan are prime examples of virulent disputes which are still hot issues today.This contribution aims to identify the historical background and stage-wise developments which led…
Dividing the World: Conflict and inequality in the context of growing global tension
The central themes in development theory have addressed exclusion\nof social groups, poverty gaps and strategies to overcome development deficits.\nIn order to perceive the spatial structuring of inequality, concepts defining three\nseparate worlds found ubiquitous appreciation and omnipresent adaptation.\nCoinciding with the end of the Cold War the 'endism' debate also suggested the\nend of the 'Third World'. Presently it has become apparent tha…
Transformations of High Mountain Pastoral Strategies in the Pamirian Knot
Mountain pastoralism in the Pamirian Knot has been significantly transformed from the nineteenth to the twentieth century. The development path has depended on spheres of influence of dominating powers and affiliation to mighty neighbours and, subsequently, to parties in the Cold War. Significant interventions that led to structural changes can be societal transformations, such as those that happened in the Emirate of Bokhara- Tsarist Russia-Sovi…
Persistence and change of Afghan-German economic cooperation - The case of the New Baghlan Sugar Company
Rebuilding a national economy in a conflict situation poses a host of challenges, and this holds true especially for contemporary Afghanistan.The case of the New Baghlan Sugar Company is taken as a precedent for analysing continuity and change in Afghan-German relations and in an agro-industrial enterprise that was conceived in the 1930s and has survived until today.Today, as in the past, cooperation partners have included the Afghan government a…
Linking Relief and Development in Pakistan-administered Kashmir: Restoring Local Livelihoods and Economic Security in Earthquake-affected Areas
In response to the devastating earthquake that hit northern Pakistan on 8 October 2005, the German Red Cross (GRC), in partnership with the Economic Security Unit of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), implemented a complex livestock restocking program combined with structural interventions in the basic animal health sector. Livestock restocking, which was a new experience for both GRC and ICRC, indicates a shift from the relief …
Contested commons – multiple insecurities of pastoralists in North-Eastern Afghanistan
Pastoralists in North-Eastern Afghanistan are exposed to a multitude of contemporary challenges and threats while practising mobile animal husbandry in differing locations and within the spheres of varying power constellations.In this article a historical perspective is adopted to explore the challenges and multiple insecurities of Pashtun and Uzbek pastoral communities who seasonally engage in long-distance migration from the lowlands in Norther…
Geography (28 works) · Political science (19 works) · Rangeland Management and Livestock Ecology (17 works) · Economics (11 works) · Sociology (11 works) · History (9 works) · History (9 works) · Livestock (9 works) · Archaeology (8 works) · Pastoralism (8 works)