Thomas Wood
Biographic Data
| ID | 3756918 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Thomas Wood |
| GIVEN NAMES | Thomas |
| FAMILY NAME | Wood |
| SIGNATURE | WOOD T |
| AFFILIATIONS | The Ohio State University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-8536-5329 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 34 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 622 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 34 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1927 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 9 |
Folklore, religion and natural philosophy: Dragons in early modern German alchemy
The dragons of early modern German alchemy are inheritors of a unique cultural blend of folklore, religious custom and natural philosophy that is unrivalled in Western Europe. Whether inspired by the artwork of the Lutheran Reformation, like Stefan Michelspacher’s ‘Anfang. Exaltation’, or informed by the legends of dragon’s hoards, such as the shapes suggested by Anna Maria Zieglerin for the philosophers’ stone, serpentine monsters found within a…
Reconciling community-level responses of wild bees to highly anthropized landscapes
Shoves, nudges and combating misinformation: Evidence on a new approach
To what extent can the harms of misinformation be mitigated by relying on nudges? Prior research has demonstrated that non-intrusive ‘accuracy nudges’ can reduce the sharing of misinformation. We investigate an alternative approach. Rather than subtly reminding people about accuracy, our intervention, indebted to research on the bystander effect, explicitly appeals to individuals' capacity to help solve the misinformation challenge. Our results a…
A Discussion of Adam Berinsky’s Political Rumors: Why We Accept Misinformation and How to Fight It
Potential for climate change driven spatial mismatches between apple crops and their wild bee pollinators at a continental scale
Latino-Targeted Misinformation and the Power of Factual Corrections
Do individual, interpersonal, or institutional factors condition the effects of misinformation on beliefs? Can interventions such as fact checks stem the tide of the "infodemic" within marginalized communities? We explore the sudden flood of misinformation and disinformation targeting Latinos during the 2020 election and global COVID-19 pandemic to answer these questions. In a preregistered experiment, we find that exposure to misinformation can …
Conceptual Replication of Four Key Findings about Factual Corrections and Misinformation during the 2020 US Election: Evidence from Panel-Survey Experiments
In the final two months of the 2020 US election, we conducted eight panel experiments to evaluate the immediate and medium-term effects of misinformation and factual corrections. Our results corroborate four sets of existing findings: fact-checks reliably improve factual accuracy, while misinformation degrades it; effects of fact-checks on belief accuracy endure, though they fade with time; effects on attitudes are minuscule; and there are import…
Political Misinformation and Factual Corrections on the Facebook News Feed: Experimental Evidence
As concerns about the spread of political misinformation have mounted, scholars have found that fact-checks can reduce the extent to which people believe misinformation. Whether this finding extends to social media is unclear. Social media is a high-choice environment in which the cognitive effort required to separate truth from fiction, individuals' penchant for select exposure, and motivated reasoning all may render fact-checks ineffective. Fur…
Factual Corrections Eliminate False Beliefs About Covid-19 Vaccines
The spread of misinformation about COVID-19 vaccines threatens to prolong the pandemic, with prior evidence indicating that exposure to misinformation has negative effects on intent to be vaccinated. We describe results from randomized experiments in the United States (n = 5,075) that allow us to measure the effects of factual corrections on false beliefs about the vaccine and vaccination intent. Our evidence makes clear that corrections eliminat…
Elite rhetoric can undermine democratic norms
Significance Democracies depend on candidates and parties affirming the legitimacy of election results even when they lose. These statements help maintain confidence that elections are free and fair and thereby facilitate the peaceful transfer of power. However, this norm has recently been challenged in the United States, where former president Donald Trump has repeatedly attacked the integrity of the 2020 US election. We evaluate the effect of t…
The global effectiveness of fact-checking: Evidence from simultaneous experiments in Argentina, Nigeria, South Africa, and the United Kingdom
Significance Little evidence exists on the global effectiveness, or lack thereof, of potential solutions to misinformation. We conducted simultaneous experiments in four countries to investigate the extent to which fact-checking can reduce false beliefs. Fact-checks reduced false beliefs in all countries, with most effects detectable more than 2 wk later and with surprisingly little variation by country. Our evidence underscores that fact-checkin…
Taking Fact-Checks Literally But Not Seriously? The Effects of Journalistic Fact-Checking on Factual Beliefs and Candidate Favorability
False Alarm: The Truth About Political Mistruths in the Trump Era
Americans are not invulnerable to factual information. They do not 'backfire'; facts do not make them less accurate. Instead, they become more accurate, even when corrections target co-partisans. Corrections of fake news yield similar results. Among Republicans, Trump's misstatements are less susceptible to corrections than identical misstatements attributed to other Republicans. While we do not observe facts affecting attitudes, multiple instanc…
Can presidential misinformation on climate change be corrected? Evidence from Internet and phone experiments
Can presidential misinformation affect political knowledge and policy views of the mass public, even when that misinformation is followed by a fact-check? We present results from two experiments, conducted online and over the telephone, in which respondents were presented with Trump misstatements on climate change. While Trump’s misstatements on their own reduced factual accuracy, corrections prompted the average subject to become more accurate. …
Introduction: The 2016 U.S. presidential election and its understated stability
Withdrawn: Did Jon Stewart elect Donald Trump? Evidence from television ratings data
Identifying Media Effects Through Low-Cost, Multiwave Field Experiments
Field experiments are notoriously difficult to implement when studying media effects. They are often prohibitively expensive, require the cooperation of a nonacademic entity, and measure effects some time after exposure to treatment. In this article, we outline a design for low-cost, multiwave field experiments of media effects. Researchers can implement this design on their own and can control the timing of when they measure effects. We demonstr…
The Elusive Backfire Effect: Mass Attitudes’ Steadfast Factual Adherence
The public's dilemma: Race and political evaluations of police killings
This paper explores perceptions of the killings of African-Americans by police officers. We show how characteristics of the victim, officer and surrounding environment, as well as political cues, shape such perceptions. In the first study, we employ a conjoint survey experiment, wherein subjects are exposed to descriptions of hypothetical police killings. Focusing on subjects who score high on the Symbolic Racism Scale (SRS), we identify what lea…
Sex Trafficking, Russian Infiltration, Birth Certificates, and Pedophilia: A Survey Experiment Correcting Fake News
Following the 2016 U.S. election, researchers and policymakers have become intensely concerned about the dissemination of “fake news,” or false news stories in circulation (Lazer et al., 2017). Research indicates that fake news is shared widely and has a pro-Republican tilt (Allcott and Gentzkow, 2017). Facebook now flags dubious stories as disputed and tries to block fake news publishers (Mosseri, 2016). While the typical misstatements of politi…
Race, Interracial Families, and Political Advertising in the Obama Era: Experimental Evidence
Across two studies of race and interracial families in political advertising, this article finds that significant benefits accrue to Black candidates who present themselves as part of interracial families. These findings suggest Black candidates are more likely to succeed when they engage in displays of "racial novelty," or counter-stereotypical behavior, provided that behavior signals closer affinity to White voters. For Study 1, we tested four …
Liberellas Versus Konservatives: Social Status, Ideology, and Birth Names in the United States
What The Heck Are We Doing in Ottumwa, Anyway? Presidential Candidate Visits and Their Political Consequence
This article investigates the purpose and effects of presidential campaign visits. I recount common strategic rationales for rallies, town hall meetings, impromptu conversations, and the like, and then show how candidate visits are geographically assigned. I also investigate the impact of campaign visits, finding that while state-level political factors influence the location of visits, the visits themselves have little effect on local media mark…
Expanding Protection in Africa? Case Studies of the Implementation of the 1969 African Refugee Convention's Expanded Refugee Definition
Journal Article Expanding Protection in Africa? Case Studies of the Implementation of the 1969 African Refugee Convention's Expanded Refugee Definition Get access Tamara Wood Tamara Wood ** Doctoral candidate, University of New South Wales. Thanks are due to Professor Jane McAdam, Professor Jonathan Klaaren, Dr Roni Amit and the IJRL's anonymous reviewers for their valuable feedback on earlier drafts of this article, as well as the participants a…
Conspiracy Theories and the Paranoid Style(s) of Mass Opinion
Although conspiracy theories have long been a staple of American political culture, no research has systematically examined the nature of their support in the mass public. Using four nationally representative surveys, sampled between 2006 and 2011, we find that half of the American public consistently endorses at least one conspiracy theory and that many popular conspiracy theories are differentiated along ideological and anomic dimensions. In co…
Conspiracy Theories and the Paranoid Style(s) of Mass Opinion
Although conspiracy theories have long been a staple of American political culture, no research has systematically examined the nature of their support in the mass public. Using four nationally representative surveys, sampled between 2006 and 2011, we find that half of the American public consistently endorses at least one conspiracy theory and that many popular conspiracy theories are differentiated along ideological and anomic dimensions. In co…
The Elusive Backfire Effect: Mass Attitudes’ Steadfast Factual Adherence
Taking Fact-Checks Literally But Not Seriously? The Effects of Journalistic Fact-Checking on Factual Beliefs and Candidate Favorability
Conceptual Replication of Four Key Findings about Factual Corrections and Misinformation during the 2020 US Election: Evidence from Panel-Survey Experiments
In the final two months of the 2020 US election, we conducted eight panel experiments to evaluate the immediate and medium-term effects of misinformation and factual corrections. Our results corroborate four sets of existing findings: fact-checks reliably improve factual accuracy, while misinformation degrades it; effects of fact-checks on belief accuracy endure, though they fade with time; effects on attitudes are minuscule; and there are import…
Toward a More Reliable Implementation of Ideology in Measures of Public Opinion
Ideology is a central concept in research on American public opinion, yet it continues to be used in crude ways. Recognizing both the widespread use of the seven-point scale, and its numerous problems, we provide new findings on how ideology is used by survey respondents, the attitudinal correlates of ideological self-assignment, and the impact of education on ideological constraint. From these findings, we propose an alternative coding strategy …
Liberellas Versus Konservatives: Social Status, Ideology, and Birth Names in the United States
Latino-Targeted Misinformation and the Power of Factual Corrections
Do individual, interpersonal, or institutional factors condition the effects of misinformation on beliefs? Can interventions such as fact checks stem the tide of the "infodemic" within marginalized communities? We explore the sudden flood of misinformation and disinformation targeting Latinos during the 2020 election and global COVID-19 pandemic to answer these questions. In a preregistered experiment, we find that exposure to misinformation can …
Political Misinformation and Factual Corrections on the Facebook News Feed: Experimental Evidence
As concerns about the spread of political misinformation have mounted, scholars have found that fact-checks can reduce the extent to which people believe misinformation. Whether this finding extends to social media is unclear. Social media is a high-choice environment in which the cognitive effort required to separate truth from fiction, individuals' penchant for select exposure, and motivated reasoning all may render fact-checks ineffective. Fur…
Can presidential misinformation on climate change be corrected? Evidence from Internet and phone experiments
Can presidential misinformation affect political knowledge and policy views of the mass public, even when that misinformation is followed by a fact-check? We present results from two experiments, conducted online and over the telephone, in which respondents were presented with Trump misstatements on climate change. While Trump’s misstatements on their own reduced factual accuracy, corrections prompted the average subject to become more accurate. …
Race, Interracial Families, and Political Advertising in the Obama Era: Experimental Evidence
Across two studies of race and interracial families in political advertising, this article finds that significant benefits accrue to Black candidates who present themselves as part of interracial families. These findings suggest Black candidates are more likely to succeed when they engage in displays of "racial novelty," or counter-stereotypical behavior, provided that behavior signals closer affinity to White voters. For Study 1, we tested four …
Factual Corrections Eliminate False Beliefs About Covid-19 Vaccines
The spread of misinformation about COVID-19 vaccines threatens to prolong the pandemic, with prior evidence indicating that exposure to misinformation has negative effects on intent to be vaccinated. We describe results from randomized experiments in the United States (n = 5,075) that allow us to measure the effects of factual corrections on false beliefs about the vaccine and vaccination intent. Our evidence makes clear that corrections eliminat…
The public's dilemma: Race and political evaluations of police killings
This paper explores perceptions of the killings of African-Americans by police officers. We show how characteristics of the victim, officer and surrounding environment, as well as political cues, shape such perceptions. In the first study, we employ a conjoint survey experiment, wherein subjects are exposed to descriptions of hypothetical police killings. Focusing on subjects who score high on the Symbolic Racism Scale (SRS), we identify what lea…
What The Heck Are We Doing in Ottumwa, Anyway? Presidential Candidate Visits and Their Political Consequence
This article investigates the purpose and effects of presidential campaign visits. I recount common strategic rationales for rallies, town hall meetings, impromptu conversations, and the like, and then show how candidate visits are geographically assigned. I also investigate the impact of campaign visits, finding that while state-level political factors influence the location of visits, the visits themselves have little effect on local media mark…
Identifying Media Effects Through Low-Cost, Multiwave Field Experiments
Field experiments are notoriously difficult to implement when studying media effects. They are often prohibitively expensive, require the cooperation of a nonacademic entity, and measure effects some time after exposure to treatment. In this article, we outline a design for low-cost, multiwave field experiments of media effects. Researchers can implement this design on their own and can control the timing of when they measure effects. We demonstr…
Sex Trafficking, Russian Infiltration, Birth Certificates, and Pedophilia: A Survey Experiment Correcting Fake News
Following the 2016 U.S. election, researchers and policymakers have become intensely concerned about the dissemination of “fake news,” or false news stories in circulation (Lazer et al., 2017). Research indicates that fake news is shared widely and has a pro-Republican tilt (Allcott and Gentzkow, 2017). Facebook now flags dubious stories as disputed and tries to block fake news publishers (Mosseri, 2016). While the typical misstatements of politi…
“Music and Boyhood”
Music While You Wander: II. The Adigar's Dinner (Continued)
Music While You Wander: III. Malaya (Concluded)
Cobbers: A Personal Record of a Journey… to Australia, Tasmania and Some of the Reefs and Islands in the Coral Sea
Cobbers
Dade County: Unbossed, Erratically Led
Personal political leadership in Dade County— Miami, Florida—when it does exist, tends to be short-lived and limited in scope—that is, confined to a particular area of the county or to a particular level of government. The elements of the political environment which produce a high degree of political atomization are ever-changing factions in a one-party state, failure of the multitudes of newly arrived residents to identify themselves with the go…
International travel industry expo: Itix'88
Celluloid and Plasma
Tony Wood on Laura Mulvey, Death 24x a Second. How has the digital era changed the cinematic viewing experience—and the spectator? Freeze-frame fetishism and narrative disruption from Lumière to Kiarostami, via Hitchcock and Rossellini
Toward a More Reliable Implementation of Ideology in Measures of Public Opinion
Ideology is a central concept in research on American public opinion, yet it continues to be used in crude ways. Recognizing both the widespread use of the seven-point scale, and its numerous problems, we provide new findings on how ideology is used by survey respondents, the attitudinal correlates of ideological self-assignment, and the impact of education on ideological constraint. From these findings, we propose an alternative coding strategy …
Expanding Protection in Africa? Case Studies of the Implementation of the 1969 African Refugee Convention's Expanded Refugee Definition
Journal Article Expanding Protection in Africa? Case Studies of the Implementation of the 1969 African Refugee Convention's Expanded Refugee Definition Get access Tamara Wood Tamara Wood ** Doctoral candidate, University of New South Wales. Thanks are due to Professor Jane McAdam, Professor Jonathan Klaaren, Dr Roni Amit and the IJRL's anonymous reviewers for their valuable feedback on earlier drafts of this article, as well as the participants a…
Conspiracy Theories and the Paranoid Style(s) of Mass Opinion
Although conspiracy theories have long been a staple of American political culture, no research has systematically examined the nature of their support in the mass public. Using four nationally representative surveys, sampled between 2006 and 2011, we find that half of the American public consistently endorses at least one conspiracy theory and that many popular conspiracy theories are differentiated along ideological and anomic dimensions. In co…
Race, Interracial Families, and Political Advertising in the Obama Era: Experimental Evidence
Across two studies of race and interracial families in political advertising, this article finds that significant benefits accrue to Black candidates who present themselves as part of interracial families. These findings suggest Black candidates are more likely to succeed when they engage in displays of "racial novelty," or counter-stereotypical behavior, provided that behavior signals closer affinity to White voters. For Study 1, we tested four …
Liberellas Versus Konservatives: Social Status, Ideology, and Birth Names in the United States
What The Heck Are We Doing in Ottumwa, Anyway? Presidential Candidate Visits and Their Political Consequence
This article investigates the purpose and effects of presidential campaign visits. I recount common strategic rationales for rallies, town hall meetings, impromptu conversations, and the like, and then show how candidate visits are geographically assigned. I also investigate the impact of campaign visits, finding that while state-level political factors influence the location of visits, the visits themselves have little effect on local media mark…
The public's dilemma: Race and political evaluations of police killings
This paper explores perceptions of the killings of African-Americans by police officers. We show how characteristics of the victim, officer and surrounding environment, as well as political cues, shape such perceptions. In the first study, we employ a conjoint survey experiment, wherein subjects are exposed to descriptions of hypothetical police killings. Focusing on subjects who score high on the Symbolic Racism Scale (SRS), we identify what lea…
Sex Trafficking, Russian Infiltration, Birth Certificates, and Pedophilia: A Survey Experiment Correcting Fake News
Following the 2016 U.S. election, researchers and policymakers have become intensely concerned about the dissemination of “fake news,” or false news stories in circulation (Lazer et al., 2017). Research indicates that fake news is shared widely and has a pro-Republican tilt (Allcott and Gentzkow, 2017). Facebook now flags dubious stories as disputed and tries to block fake news publishers (Mosseri, 2016). While the typical misstatements of politi…
False Alarm: The Truth About Political Mistruths in the Trump Era
Americans are not invulnerable to factual information. They do not 'backfire'; facts do not make them less accurate. Instead, they become more accurate, even when corrections target co-partisans. Corrections of fake news yield similar results. Among Republicans, Trump's misstatements are less susceptible to corrections than identical misstatements attributed to other Republicans. While we do not observe facts affecting attitudes, multiple instanc…
Can presidential misinformation on climate change be corrected? Evidence from Internet and phone experiments
Can presidential misinformation affect political knowledge and policy views of the mass public, even when that misinformation is followed by a fact-check? We present results from two experiments, conducted online and over the telephone, in which respondents were presented with Trump misstatements on climate change. While Trump’s misstatements on their own reduced factual accuracy, corrections prompted the average subject to become more accurate. …
Introduction: The 2016 U.S. presidential election and its understated stability
Withdrawn: Did Jon Stewart elect Donald Trump? Evidence from television ratings data
Identifying Media Effects Through Low-Cost, Multiwave Field Experiments
Field experiments are notoriously difficult to implement when studying media effects. They are often prohibitively expensive, require the cooperation of a nonacademic entity, and measure effects some time after exposure to treatment. In this article, we outline a design for low-cost, multiwave field experiments of media effects. Researchers can implement this design on their own and can control the timing of when they measure effects. We demonstr…
The Elusive Backfire Effect: Mass Attitudes’ Steadfast Factual Adherence
Taking Fact-Checks Literally But Not Seriously? The Effects of Journalistic Fact-Checking on Factual Beliefs and Candidate Favorability
Elite rhetoric can undermine democratic norms
Significance Democracies depend on candidates and parties affirming the legitimacy of election results even when they lose. These statements help maintain confidence that elections are free and fair and thereby facilitate the peaceful transfer of power. However, this norm has recently been challenged in the United States, where former president Donald Trump has repeatedly attacked the integrity of the 2020 US election. We evaluate the effect of t…
The global effectiveness of fact-checking: Evidence from simultaneous experiments in Argentina, Nigeria, South Africa, and the United Kingdom
Significance Little evidence exists on the global effectiveness, or lack thereof, of potential solutions to misinformation. We conducted simultaneous experiments in four countries to investigate the extent to which fact-checking can reduce false beliefs. Fact-checks reduced false beliefs in all countries, with most effects detectable more than 2 wk later and with surprisingly little variation by country. Our evidence underscores that fact-checkin…
Political science (21 works) · Politics (18 works) · Psychology (17 works) · Law (16 works) · Law (13 works) · Misinformation and Its Impacts (13 works) · Media Influence and Politics (12 works) · Social Psychology (12 works) · Sociology (12 works) · Computer Science (9 works)