Grant Duwe
Biographic Data
| ID | 376279 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Grant Duwe |
| GIVEN NAMES | Grant |
| FAMILY NAME | Duwe |
| SIGNATURE | DUWE G |
| AFFILIATIONS | Minnesota Department of Corrections |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-0632-560X |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 44 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 91 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 44 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2008 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
What Makes Prisons Safer? Examining the Relationship Between Misconduct and Involvement in Structured Activities
Using both survey and administrative data, we examined the relationship between prison misconduct and involvement in structured activities, which include programming, work assignments, education classes and homework, and religious services, as well as unstructured activities such as physical recreation, prayer, and watching television. The results showed that greater involvement in structured activities significantly predicted both general and vi…
The Effects of Physical Victimization in Prison on Perceptions of Personal Safety and Culture of Violence
The effects of victimization on residents in prison is an understudied area within the corrections literature. To help fill this gap, we used administrative and survey data on a sample of about 1,600 residents in Minnesota's prison system to examine the relationship between being the victim of a physical attack and perceptions of safety and a culture of violence. The results showed that residents were more likely to report being attacked in priso…
Perspectives on Correctional Climate: Comparing Attitudes About Safety, Wellness, and Life Outlook Among Prison Staff and Incarcerated People
Correctional climate—the perceptions staff and incarcerated people hold about their institution—can influence well-being for everyone living and working in prison. This study explores differences in perceptions of safety, quality of sleep, psychological and emotional wellness, physical health, and overall life outlook among 1,148 security staff, non-security staff, and incarcerated individuals across five Minnesota Department of Corrections facil…
Is Hope a Good Thing, and Maybe Even the Best of Things? Exploring the Construct of Hope Within the Risk-Needs-Responsivity Model
While hope has been found to have beneficial effects across a wide range of pro-social outcomes, there has been limited research on its impact for correctional populations. In June 2024, the Minnesota Department of Corrections incorporated the Adult Hope Scale into its risk-needs-responsivity assessment process. Using data collected on 1,343 individuals incarcerated in Minnesota prisons, the results revealed that greater levels of hope and, in pa…
Adverse childhood experiences among parents in prison: Implications for parenting
When Prison Becomes the Devil’s Workshop: The Association Between Idleness and Post-Release Employment, Recidivism, and Mortality
The existing literature has yet to examine the system-wide effects of idleness and participation in prison-based work and programing on multiple post-release outcomes. Using a sample of more than 77,000 releases from Minnesota prisons between 2010 and 2021, we examined the relationship between participation in prison labor and programing on post-release employment, recidivism, and mortality. The findings suggest that how people spend their time i…
New Insights for “What Works”? Religiosity and the Risk-Needs-Responsivity Model
The existing literature has devoted relatively little attention to the responsivity principle and, in particular, religiosity as a type of specific responsivity. Using a sample of nearly 2,000 people incarcerated in Minnesota’s prison system, this study examined the relationship between religiosity and measures of risk, needs, and responsivity. The results showed that religiosity was positively associated with childhood trauma, pro-social identit…
Advancing the Prediction of Prison Misconduct: Revalidating the Minnesota Severe and Frequent Estimate for Discipline (MnSafeD)
In June 2024, the Minnesota Department of Corrections implemented the Minnesota Severe and Frequent Estimate for Discipline (MnSafeD), a fully-automated, gender-specific classification assessment that was designed to predict prison misconduct. Customized to Minnesota’s prison population, the MnSafeD was created to identify the relatively small group of residents disproportionately responsible for much of the misconducts and violence that take pla…
The Gap Between the Ideal and Reality in Risk-Needs-Responsivity Assessments: A Survey of U.S. Prisons
Sex differences in risk factors for mortality after release from prison
Estimating the Global Prevalence of Mass Public Shootings
Previous studies have yielded widely divergent conclusions about the percentage of all mass public shootings globally that take place in the US, ranging from a low of 3% to a high of 36%. Because of documented underreporting of lower-severity attacks involving fewer than 10 victim fatalities in US cases in these studies, it is reasonable to assume that this underreporting issue also applies to their measurement of mass public shootings outside th…
Does Criminal Thinking Predict Prison Misconduct? An Evaluation of TCU’s Criminal Thinking Scales
To date, only one published study has tested the predictive validity of the Texas Christian University–Criminal Thinking Scales (TCU-CTS), and no studies have tested whether these scales are predictive of prison misconduct. Using a sample of more than 2,000 people incarcerated in Minnesota’s prison system, this study examined the predictive validity of the TCU-CTS with multiple measures of prison misconduct. The results showed the overall TCU-CTS…
What Do Correctional Leaders Think About Faith-Based Programs? Results From a National Survey
While religious programs and services have long been a staple of the American prison experience, existing research has yet to examine how correctional administrators perceive their importance and effectiveness. Of the 50 states invited to participate in the survey, most of the 27 respondents reported that faith-based programming provides a critically important resource that yields successful outcomes and positively influences prison culture. Near…
Risk factors for all-cause, natural, and unnatural deaths among individuals released from state prison
The Concurrent and Predictive Validity of a Needs and Responsivity Assessment System
Using a sample of nearly 2,100 people incarcerated in Minnesota’s prison system, this study examined the concurrent and predictive validity of a needs and responsivity assessment system. For concurrent validity, we evaluated the relationship between the 13 needs and responsivity domains with assessed recidivism risk levels. For predictive validity, we analyzed the association between the domains and recidivism for a sub-sample that had been relea…
Forecasting the Severity of Mass Public Shootings in the United States
Tailoring to a Mandate: The Development and Validation of the Prisoner Assessment Tool Targeting Estimated Risk and Needs (Pattern)
In December 2018, the First Step Act of 2018 was signed into law, which required the Federal Bureau of Prisons (BOP) to begin using risk and needs assessment to assign programs and provide inmates with required treatment. The Attorney General was tasked to develop an assessment to assess and assign inmates to four possible risk levels. In response, BOP and National Institute of Justice (NIJ) researchers created the Prisoner Assessment Tool Target…
Understanding the Needs and Programmatic Interests of Incarcerated Parents: Findings from a Prison Needs Assessment
Incarcerated people – including those who are parents – have a diverse set of criminogenic needs and responsivity issues, raising questions about how best to support them in prison. Using a sample of 2,120 adults in state prison, this study examined self-reported needs and programs of interest, assessed how these varied by parenting status and between mothers and fathers, and considered predictors of individuals’ interest in parenting services. P…
Training and Employment for Correctional Populations
Education and employment are both moderate risk factors for recidivism. There is a well-documented relationship between low educational achievement and antisocial behaviors. Education programming in correctional facilities is crucial for improving the educational attainment of incarcerated and re-integrating populations. A brief discussion situates policy reform efforts against a backdrop of extensive research that has documented the interaction …
Applying the risk principle to optimize accuracy and equity in correctional risk assessment: Results From a Simulation
As the use of risk assessments for correctional populations has grown, so has concern that these instruments exacerbate existing racial and ethnic disparities. While much of the attention arising from this concern has focused on how algorithms are designed, relatively little consideration has been given to how risk assessments are used. To this end, the present study tests whether application of the risk principle would help preserve predictive a…
Just as Good as the Real Thing? The Effects of Prison Video Visitation on Recidivism
While research has consistently shown that in-person prison visitation is associated with reduced recidivism, much less is known about the effects of video visits. This study compares recidivism outcomes between 885 inmates who had at least one video visit and a matched comparison group of 885 who did not receive a virtual visit. Video visits reduced two measures of recidivism (general and felony reconvictions) but did not have a significant effe…
Evaluating Bias, Shrinkage and the Home-Field Advantage: Results from a Revalidation of the MnSTARR 2.0
In 2016, the Minnesota Department of Corrections implemented the Minnesota Screening Tool Assessing Recidivism Risk 2.0 (MnSTARR 2.0), a fully-automated, gender-specific instrument that predicts multiple types of recidivism. Using multiple performance metrics, this study externally validates the MnSTARR 2.0 on a sample of 8,997 people released from Minnesota prisons. The results show that while the MnSTARR 2.0 overestimated risk for felony and no…
The relation between state gun laws and the incidence and severity of mass public shootings in the United States, 1976–2018
OBJECTIVE: In this study, we analyzed the relationship between state firearm laws and the incidence and severity (i.e., number of victims) of mass public shootings in the United States during the period 1976-2018. HYPOTHESES: We hypothesized that states requiring permits to purchase firearms would have a lower incidence of mass public shootings than states not requiring permits. We also hypothesized that states banning large-capacity ammunition m…
The Predictive Performance of Risk Assessment in Real Life: An External Validation of the MnSTARR
Using multiple performance metrics, this study externally validates the Minnesota Screening Tool Assessing Recidivism Risk (MnSTARR) among a sample of 3,985 inmates released from Minnesota prisons in 2014. While the Minnesota Department of Corrections implemented a fully-automated risk assessment (MnSTARR 2.0) in 2016, the original MnSTARR was a manually-scored, gender-specific recidivism risk assessment that predicted multiple types of recidivis…
Patterns and prevalence of lethal mass violence
Research Summary Mass shootings have been identified as a novel American crime problem. The term is merely a new name, however, for an older crime problem—mass murder. The social construction of the mass shooting and mass murder problems have both been driven by “mass public shootings”—incidents that occur in the absence of other criminal activity (e.g., robberies, drug deals, and gang “turf wars”) in which a gun was used to kill four or more vic…
Patterns and prevalence of lethal mass violence
Research Summary Mass shootings have been identified as a novel American crime problem. The term is merely a new name, however, for an older crime problem—mass murder. The social construction of the mass shooting and mass murder problems have both been driven by “mass public shootings”—incidents that occur in the absence of other criminal activity (e.g., robberies, drug deals, and gang “turf wars”) in which a gun was used to kill four or more vic…
Importance of Program Integrity: Outcome Evaluation of a Gender-Responsive, Cognitive-Behavioral Program for Female Offenders
Research Summary We used a quasi-experimental design to evaluate the effectiveness of Moving On, a gender-responsive, cognitive-behavioral program designed for female offenders. Between 2001 and 2013, there were two distinct periods in which Moving On was administered with, and without, fidelity among female Minnesota prisoners. To determine whether program integrity matters, we examined the performance of Moving On across these two periods. By u…
The Impact of Megan's Law on Sex Offender Recidivism: The Minnesota Experience
Although Megan's Law was passed more than 10 years ago, very little is known as to whether it reduces sex offender recidivism significantly. Using a retrospective quasi‐experimental design, we examine whether community notification has a deterrent effect by comparing the recidivism rates of 155 level 3 (“high public risk”) sex offenders released from Minnesota prisons between 1997 and 2002 who were subject to broad notification with two separate …
Effects of Automating Recidivism Risk Assessment on Reliability, Predictive Validity, and Return on Investment (ROI)
Research Summary The relationship between reliability and validity is an important but often overlooked topic of research on risk assessment tools in the criminal justice system. By using data from the Minnesota Screening Tool Assessing Recidivism Risk (MnSTARR), a risk assessment instrument the Minnesota Department of Corrections (MnDOC) developed and began using in 2013, we evaluated the impact of inter‐rater reliability (IRR) on predictive per…
"Four Gods" in Maximum Security Prison: Images of God, Religiousness, and Worldviews among Inmates
This paper extends research on images of God, which prior researchers based mostly on national survey data, to a study of offenders in prison. We first explore whether the distribution of Froese and Bader's (America's four gods: What we say about god-& what that says about us, Oxford University Press, New York 2010 ) four images of God among prison inmates is similar to that in the general population. We then examine whether an inmate's image of …
Existential and Virtuous Effects of Religiosity on Mental Health and Aggressiveness among Offenders
Although prior research tends to show that religion has a salutary effect on mental health and a preventive effect on crime, studies explaining the religious effect, particularly those on offenders, have been limited. To address the issue, we examine whether religiosity is inversely related to negative emotions and aggressiveness among prison inmates. Additionally, we assess whether the relationships are attributable to an inmate's sense of meani…
Pregnancy and Parenting Support for Incarcerated Women: Lessons Learned
Effective services for pregnant incarcerated women can be provided through a successful community- university-corrections partnership
Estimating the Benefits of a Faith-Based Correctional Program
A recent outcome evaluation of the InnerChange Freedom Initiative (InnerChange), a faith-based prisoner reentry program that has operated within Minnesota’s prison system since 2002, showed the program is effective in lowering recidivism. This study extends research on InnerChange by conducting a cost-benefit analysis of the program. Because InnerChange relies heavily on volunteers and program costs are privately funded, the program exacts no add…
Risk factors for all-cause, natural, and unnatural deaths among individuals released from state prison
The Effects of Prison Labor on Institutional Misconduct, Postprison Employment, and Recidivism
We used a retrospective quasi-experimental design to assess the impact of prison labor on institutional misconduct, post-prison employment, and recidivism among 6,144 offenders released from Minnesota prisons between 2007 and 2011. In addition to using multiple measures of prison labor, we relied on propensity score matching to minimize observable selection bias. Participation in prison labor significantly improved post-prison employment outcomes…
The Rehabilitative Ideal versus the Criminogenic Reality: The Consequences of Warehousing Prisoners
Using data on more than 55,000 offenders released from Minnesota prisons, we examine whether criminogenic effects arising from imprisonment may stem from a lack of institutional programming. We also evaluate the impact of participation in multiple correctional interventions on recidivism. The results show 31 percent of the Minnesota prisoners were warehoused, which significantly increased the odds of recidivism by 13 percent. Participation in at …
A Jack of All Trades But a Master of None? Evaluating the Performance of the Level of Service Inventory–Revised (LSI-R) in the Assessment of Risk and Need
We evaluate the performance of the LSI-R in assessing risk and need among 26,001 offenders released from Minnesota prisons between 2003 and 2011. Using multiple performance metrics, the results reveal the LSI-R incorrectly classified 41 percent of the offenders, and its area under the curve (AUC) was 0.628. Drawing on the extensive program evaluation research conducted on Minnesota prisoners over the last decade, we evaluated the LSI-R’s assessme…
Sacrificing Accuracy for Transparency in Recidivism Risk Assessment: The Impact of Classification Method on Predictive Performance
Recent studies have compared the performance of machine learning algorithms versus logistic regression models in predicting recidivism. Existing research, however, has not compared their performance to Burgess methodology—a transparent, simplistic and summative classification technique used to develop some of the most widely risk and needs assessment instruments used within corrections today. Using multiple performance metrics and measures of rec…
The Concurrent and Predictive Validity of a Needs and Responsivity Assessment System
Using a sample of nearly 2,100 people incarcerated in Minnesota’s prison system, this study examined the concurrent and predictive validity of a needs and responsivity assessment system. For concurrent validity, we evaluated the relationship between the 13 needs and responsivity domains with assessed recidivism risk levels. For predictive validity, we analyzed the association between the domains and recidivism for a sub-sample that had been relea…
The Predictive Performance of Risk Assessment in Real Life: An External Validation of the MnSTARR
Using multiple performance metrics, this study externally validates the Minnesota Screening Tool Assessing Recidivism Risk (MnSTARR) among a sample of 3,985 inmates released from Minnesota prisons in 2014. While the Minnesota Department of Corrections implemented a fully-automated risk assessment (MnSTARR 2.0) in 2016, the original MnSTARR was a manually-scored, gender-specific recidivism risk assessment that predicted multiple types of recidivis…
From Solitary to the Streets: The Effect of Restrictive Housing on Recidivism
Restrictive housing is sometimes required for the sake of safety and institutional order. However, many observers have argued that this practice is inhumane and leaves inmates at a greater risk of recidivism. This study empirically examined the effect of restrictive housing on recidivism using a cohort of released state prisoners. The results revealed that time spent in restrictive housing increased the risk of supervision revocations up to two y…
Images of God, Religious Involvement, and Prison Misconduct among Inmates
The authors examine an offender’s images of God – beliefs concerning God’s forgiveness, engagement, and judgment – in relation to prison misconduct. They test whether these beliefs are related inversely to misconduct and, if so, whether the relationships are mediated by an inmate’s religious involvement. The authors apply latent-variable structural equation modeling to analyze data from a survey of inmates at the Louisiana State Penitentiary. Con…
Effectiveness of Prison‐Based Education Programming and the Implications for Correctional Policy and Practice
To what extent does civil commitment reduce sexual recidivism? Estimating the selective incapacitation effects in Minnesota
The Impact of Megan's Law on Sex Offender Recidivism: The Minnesota Experience
Although Megan's Law was passed more than 10 years ago, very little is known as to whether it reduces sex offender recidivism significantly. Using a retrospective quasi‐experimental design, we examine whether community notification has a deterrent effect by comparing the recidivism rates of 155 level 3 (“high public risk”) sex offenders released from Minnesota prisons between 1997 and 2002 who were subject to broad notification with two separate …
Blessed Be the Social Tie That Binds: The Effects of Prison Visitation on Offender Recidivism
Following recent studies in Florida and Canada, we examine the effects of prison visitation on recidivism among 16,420 offenders released from Minnesota prisons between 2003 and 2007. Using multiple measures of visitation (any visit, total number of visits, visits per month, timing of visits, and number of individual visitors) and recidivism (new offense conviction and technical violation revocation), we found that visitation significantly decrea…
Estimating the Benefits of a Faith-Based Correctional Program
A recent outcome evaluation of the InnerChange Freedom Initiative (InnerChange), a faith-based prisoner reentry program that has operated within Minnesota’s prison system since 2002, showed the program is effective in lowering recidivism. This study extends research on InnerChange by conducting a cost-benefit analysis of the program. Because InnerChange relies heavily on volunteers and program costs are privately funded, the program exacts no add…
What's Inside the “Black Box”: The Importance of “Gray Box” Evaluations for the “What Works” Movement
The Effects of Prison-Based Educational Programming on Recidivism and Employment
This study evaluated the effectiveness of prison-based educational programming by examining the effects of obtaining secondary and post-secondary degrees on recidivism and post-release employment outcomes among offenders released from Minnesota prisons between 2007 and 2008. Obtaining a secondary degree in prison significantly increased the odds of securing post-release employment but did not have a significant effect on recidivism or other emplo…
To what extent does civil commitment reduce sexual recidivism? Estimating the selective incapacitation effects in Minnesota
Pregnancy and Parenting Support for Incarcerated Women: Lessons Learned
Effective services for pregnant incarcerated women can be provided through a successful community- university-corrections partnership
Importance of Program Integrity: Outcome Evaluation of a Gender-Responsive, Cognitive-Behavioral Program for Female Offenders
Research Summary We used a quasi-experimental design to evaluate the effectiveness of Moving On, a gender-responsive, cognitive-behavioral program designed for female offenders. Between 2001 and 2013, there were two distinct periods in which Moving On was administered with, and without, fidelity among female Minnesota prisoners. To determine whether program integrity matters, we examined the performance of Moving On across these two periods. By u…
The Angola Prison Seminary: Effects of Faith-Based Ministry on Identity Transformation, Desistance, and Rehabilitation
Corrections officials faced with rising populations and shrinking budgets have increasingly welcomed "faith-based" providers offering services at no cost to help meet the needs of inmates. Drawing from three years of on-site research, this book utilizes survey analysis along with life-history interviews of inmates and staff to explore the history, purpose, and functioning of the Inmate Minister program at Louisiana State Penitentiary (aka "Angola…
The Rehabilitative Ideal versus the Criminogenic Reality: The Consequences of Warehousing Prisoners
Using data on more than 55,000 offenders released from Minnesota prisons, we examine whether criminogenic effects arising from imprisonment may stem from a lack of institutional programming. We also evaluate the impact of participation in multiple correctional interventions on recidivism. The results show 31 percent of the Minnesota prisoners were warehoused, which significantly increased the odds of recidivism by 13 percent. Participation in at …
A Jack of All Trades But a Master of None? Evaluating the Performance of the Level of Service Inventory–Revised (LSI-R) in the Assessment of Risk and Need
We evaluate the performance of the LSI-R in assessing risk and need among 26,001 offenders released from Minnesota prisons between 2003 and 2011. Using multiple performance metrics, the results reveal the LSI-R incorrectly classified 41 percent of the offenders, and its area under the curve (AUC) was 0.628. Drawing on the extensive program evaluation research conducted on Minnesota prisoners over the last decade, we evaluated the LSI-R’s assessme…
Sacrificing Accuracy for Transparency in Recidivism Risk Assessment: The Impact of Classification Method on Predictive Performance
Recent studies have compared the performance of machine learning algorithms versus logistic regression models in predicting recidivism. Existing research, however, has not compared their performance to Burgess methodology—a transparent, simplistic and summative classification technique used to develop some of the most widely risk and needs assessment instruments used within corrections today. Using multiple performance metrics and measures of rec…
Images of God, Religious Involvement, and Prison Misconduct among Inmates
The authors examine an offender’s images of God – beliefs concerning God’s forgiveness, engagement, and judgment – in relation to prison misconduct. They test whether these beliefs are related inversely to misconduct and, if so, whether the relationships are mediated by an inmate’s religious involvement. The authors apply latent-variable structural equation modeling to analyze data from a survey of inmates at the Louisiana State Penitentiary. Con…
The Effects of Prison Labor on Institutional Misconduct, Postprison Employment, and Recidivism
We used a retrospective quasi-experimental design to assess the impact of prison labor on institutional misconduct, post-prison employment, and recidivism among 6,144 offenders released from Minnesota prisons between 2007 and 2011. In addition to using multiple measures of prison labor, we relied on propensity score matching to minimize observable selection bias. Participation in prison labor significantly improved post-prison employment outcomes…
Effectiveness of Prison‐Based Education Programming and the Implications for Correctional Policy and Practice
Effects of Automating Recidivism Risk Assessment on Reliability, Predictive Validity, and Return on Investment (ROI)
Research Summary The relationship between reliability and validity is an important but often overlooked topic of research on risk assessment tools in the criminal justice system. By using data from the Minnesota Screening Tool Assessing Recidivism Risk (MnSTARR), a risk assessment instrument the Minnesota Department of Corrections (MnDOC) developed and began using in 2013, we evaluated the impact of inter‐rater reliability (IRR) on predictive per…
From Solitary to the Streets: The Effect of Restrictive Housing on Recidivism
Restrictive housing is sometimes required for the sake of safety and institutional order. However, many observers have argued that this practice is inhumane and leaves inmates at a greater risk of recidivism. This study empirically examined the effect of restrictive housing on recidivism using a cohort of released state prisoners. The results revealed that time spent in restrictive housing increased the risk of supervision revocations up to two y…
"Four Gods" in Maximum Security Prison: Images of God, Religiousness, and Worldviews among Inmates
This paper extends research on images of God, which prior researchers based mostly on national survey data, to a study of offenders in prison. We first explore whether the distribution of Froese and Bader's (America's four gods: What we say about god-& what that says about us, Oxford University Press, New York 2010 ) four images of God among prison inmates is similar to that in the general population. We then examine whether an inmate's image of …
Existential and Virtuous Effects of Religiosity on Mental Health and Aggressiveness among Offenders
Although prior research tends to show that religion has a salutary effect on mental health and a preventive effect on crime, studies explaining the religious effect, particularly those on offenders, have been limited. To address the issue, we examine whether religiosity is inversely related to negative emotions and aggressiveness among prison inmates. Additionally, we assess whether the relationships are attributable to an inmate's sense of meani…
The Predictive Performance of Risk Assessment in Real Life: An External Validation of the MnSTARR
Using multiple performance metrics, this study externally validates the Minnesota Screening Tool Assessing Recidivism Risk (MnSTARR) among a sample of 3,985 inmates released from Minnesota prisons in 2014. While the Minnesota Department of Corrections implemented a fully-automated risk assessment (MnSTARR 2.0) in 2016, the original MnSTARR was a manually-scored, gender-specific recidivism risk assessment that predicted multiple types of recidivis…
Patterns and prevalence of lethal mass violence
Research Summary Mass shootings have been identified as a novel American crime problem. The term is merely a new name, however, for an older crime problem—mass murder. The social construction of the mass shooting and mass murder problems have both been driven by “mass public shootings”—incidents that occur in the absence of other criminal activity (e.g., robberies, drug deals, and gang “turf wars”) in which a gun was used to kill four or more vic…
The relation between state gun laws and the incidence and severity of mass public shootings in the United States, 1976–2018
OBJECTIVE: In this study, we analyzed the relationship between state firearm laws and the incidence and severity (i.e., number of victims) of mass public shootings in the United States during the period 1976-2018. HYPOTHESES: We hypothesized that states requiring permits to purchase firearms would have a lower incidence of mass public shootings than states not requiring permits. We also hypothesized that states banning large-capacity ammunition m…
Training and Employment for Correctional Populations
Education and employment are both moderate risk factors for recidivism. There is a well-documented relationship between low educational achievement and antisocial behaviors. Education programming in correctional facilities is crucial for improving the educational attainment of incarcerated and re-integrating populations. A brief discussion situates policy reform efforts against a backdrop of extensive research that has documented the interaction …
Applying the risk principle to optimize accuracy and equity in correctional risk assessment: Results From a Simulation
As the use of risk assessments for correctional populations has grown, so has concern that these instruments exacerbate existing racial and ethnic disparities. While much of the attention arising from this concern has focused on how algorithms are designed, relatively little consideration has been given to how risk assessments are used. To this end, the present study tests whether application of the risk principle would help preserve predictive a…
Just as Good as the Real Thing? The Effects of Prison Video Visitation on Recidivism
While research has consistently shown that in-person prison visitation is associated with reduced recidivism, much less is known about the effects of video visits. This study compares recidivism outcomes between 885 inmates who had at least one video visit and a matched comparison group of 885 who did not receive a virtual visit. Video visits reduced two measures of recidivism (general and felony reconvictions) but did not have a significant effe…
Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis (38 works) · Psychology (35 works) · Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending (28 works) · Criminology (27 works) · Crime Patterns and Interventions (24 works) · Prison (24 works) · Recidivism (22 works) · Political science (21 works) · Medicine (18 works) · Law (13 works)