Patrick Little
Biographic Data
| ID | 3766065 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Patrick Little |
| GIVEN NAMES | Patrick |
| FAMILY NAME | Little |
| SIGNATURE | LITTLE P |
| AFFILIATIONS | Parliament of United Kingdom |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 20 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 8 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 19 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 1 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1996 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2023 |
| H-INDEX | 1 |
Flaying the sheep
The assessment tax on land, which paid the occupying army, increased steadily during the 1650s, and soon out-stripped the capacity of the Irish economy, slowly recovering from over a decade of war. Matters came to a head in 1657, when there were efforts by Irish M.P.s at Westminster to reduce the rate, and also pressure from Protestant landowners on the Dublin government to change the way in which the tax was administered. These initiatives broug…
The Letters, Writings, and Speeches of Oliver Cromwell, Vol. 3
Lobbying London
This article explores efforts by different groups of Scots to do business with the complex and hierarchical Cromwellian government, and in particular their attempts to gain access to the protector and his council in London. Three groups are examined: the burghs, which tended to use formal, paid agents; the rival kirk factions, which sought help from different political parties at Whitehall; and private petitioners, especially among the nobility, …
Michael Jones and the survival of the Church of Ireland, 1647–9
The marquess of Ormond's surrender of Dublin to the forces of the English parliament in the summer of 1647 has been seen as marking the demise of the Church of Ireland, with ministers given the choice of adopting the Presbyterian Directory for Public Worship or fleeing the country. This article examines the survival of the church thanks to the benign influence of the governor of Dublin, Colonel Michael Jones, and his brother, Dr Henry Jones, bish…
The Scottish Union Bill of 1656–7
The Scottish Union Bill introduced to the second Protectorate Parliament in October 1656 was based on the union ordinance of 1654, but it was then subjected to wide‐ranging amendments over the next few months. These amendments made many concessions to the Scots, including recognizing their separate legal system and the rights of the burghs, and allowing an expansion of free trade. This article explores the implications of these changes to the con…
Scottish Representation in the Protectorate Parliaments
The 30 MPs elected for Scotland in the Cromwellian parliaments of 1654, 1656 and 1659 have often been seen as government‐sponsored placemen, foisted on constituencies by the military. Some were Scottish collaborators, but most were English carpetbaggers. Restrictions on voter qualifications, designed to weed out suspected royalists, and opposition to English rule among the Scots, further contributed to what has been described as the antithesis of…
Reshaping Ireland 1550–1700
A Fraudster in Cromwellian Scotland
War in England, 1642–1649
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Uncovering a protectoral stud
According to the traditional view, the breeding of high quality horses collapsed after the execution of Charles I and the dispersal of the royal stud at Tutbury. This article questions this assumption by looking at Oliver Cromwell's interest in horses and in particular his efforts as protector to import Neapolitan coursers, Barbs and Arabian horses to improve English bloodstock. The effects of this on the development of the thoroughbred is debate…
Henry Ireton and the English Revolution
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Monarchy to protectorate
The Humble Petition and Advice came in two distinct versions: the monarchical one presented to Oliver Cromwell on 31 March 1657, and the protectoral one accepted by him on 25 May – under which he was reinstalled as protector on 26 June. Yet only the protectoral version has been available to historians in a printed form. This article seeks to clarify the differences between the two versions, and to explore the often inconsistent and unsatisfactory…
Scottish Affairs at Westminster
Irish Representation in the Protectorate Parliaments
The Geraldine ambitions of the first earl of Cork
Richard Boyle, first earl of Cork, was a most unlikely antiquarian. A self-made man and a ruthless politician, by the early 1630s he had become the richest landowner in Munster and was entertaining ambitions to rule Ireland as Lord deputy. Yet in the same period the ‘great earl’ spent much time and effort sifting the archives for genealogical information about one of the most ancient noble houses of Ireland — the Fitzgeralds, earls of Kildare and…
Discord in Drogheda
This article explores a dispute between the clergy and choir of St. Peter's church, Drogheda, in November 1645. At first sight this seems little more than a local row over pay and conditions, but the dispute also sheds light on relations between the town and its royalist governors, the difficulty of the marquess of Ormond's political position in a crucial period, and the collaboration between Ormond and the primate of Ireland, Archbishop Ussher. …
The Irish ‘Independents’ and Viscount Lisle’s Lieutenancy of Ireland
This article examines the influence of a distinct Irish Protestant faction on parliamentarian policy-making in the mid-1640s – the Irish Independents. These men were not merely clients of parliament’s lord lieutenant, Viscount Lisle, but formed a group with consistent personnel and policies, which can be traced back to the ‘Boyle group’ in the Irish council of the 1620s and 1630s. In the 1640s they came into an alliance with the English Independe…
Providence and posterity
The political career of Sir Francis Annesley, Lord Mountnorris, is well known to historians. A first-generation settler, he held plantation lands in Ulster and Munster; as vice-treasurer of Ireland he became a rival of the Boyle faction in the Dublin administration in the early 1630s; and after a spectacular fall from grace in 1635 he became one of Lord Deputy Wentworth’s bitterest enemies and spoke against him at his trial in 1641. Yet, unlike h…
The first unionists? Irish Protestant attitudes to union with England, 1653–9
The enforced union of England and Scotland under the Cromwellian Protectorate has been extensively studied, not least because it stands half-way between the union of the crowns in 1603 and the Act of Union of 1707. Without this historical imperative, however, the way in which Ireland was incorporated into the English state remains largely neglected. When dealing with the theory and practice of union in the 1650s, historians have usually dismissed…
The earl of Cork and the fall of the earl of Strafford, 1638–41
This article questions the assumption that the earl of Cork was at the forefront of the attack on the earl of Strafford in England. It is argued that, before the opening of the Long Parliament, Cork had much to gain by securing Strafford's favour because of his continuing need to secure his Irish estates and his increasing social ambitions within the English court. The earl's decision to stand as witness against the lord lieutenant in 1641 was ma…
The Irish ‘Independents’ and Viscount Lisle’s Lieutenancy of Ireland
This article examines the influence of a distinct Irish Protestant faction on parliamentarian policy-making in the mid-1640s – the Irish Independents. These men were not merely clients of parliament’s lord lieutenant, Viscount Lisle, but formed a group with consistent personnel and policies, which can be traced back to the ‘Boyle group’ in the Irish council of the 1620s and 1630s. In the 1640s they came into an alliance with the English Independe…
Scottish Affairs at Westminster
The Geraldine ambitions of the first earl of Cork
Richard Boyle, first earl of Cork, was a most unlikely antiquarian. A self-made man and a ruthless politician, by the early 1630s he had become the richest landowner in Munster and was entertaining ambitions to rule Ireland as Lord deputy. Yet in the same period the ‘great earl’ spent much time and effort sifting the archives for genealogical information about one of the most ancient noble houses of Ireland — the Fitzgeralds, earls of Kildare and…
Providence and posterity
The political career of Sir Francis Annesley, Lord Mountnorris, is well known to historians. A first-generation settler, he held plantation lands in Ulster and Munster; as vice-treasurer of Ireland he became a rival of the Boyle faction in the Dublin administration in the early 1630s; and after a spectacular fall from grace in 1635 he became one of Lord Deputy Wentworth’s bitterest enemies and spoke against him at his trial in 1641. Yet, unlike h…
The earl of Cork and the fall of the earl of Strafford, 1638–41
This article questions the assumption that the earl of Cork was at the forefront of the attack on the earl of Strafford in England. It is argued that, before the opening of the Long Parliament, Cork had much to gain by securing Strafford's favour because of his continuing need to secure his Irish estates and his increasing social ambitions within the English court. The earl's decision to stand as witness against the lord lieutenant in 1641 was ma…
The first unionists? Irish Protestant attitudes to union with England, 1653–9
The enforced union of England and Scotland under the Cromwellian Protectorate has been extensively studied, not least because it stands half-way between the union of the crowns in 1603 and the Act of Union of 1707. Without this historical imperative, however, the way in which Ireland was incorporated into the English state remains largely neglected. When dealing with the theory and practice of union in the 1650s, historians have usually dismissed…
The Irish ‘Independents’ and Viscount Lisle’s Lieutenancy of Ireland
This article examines the influence of a distinct Irish Protestant faction on parliamentarian policy-making in the mid-1640s – the Irish Independents. These men were not merely clients of parliament’s lord lieutenant, Viscount Lisle, but formed a group with consistent personnel and policies, which can be traced back to the ‘Boyle group’ in the Irish council of the 1620s and 1630s. In the 1640s they came into an alliance with the English Independe…
Providence and posterity
The political career of Sir Francis Annesley, Lord Mountnorris, is well known to historians. A first-generation settler, he held plantation lands in Ulster and Munster; as vice-treasurer of Ireland he became a rival of the Boyle faction in the Dublin administration in the early 1630s; and after a spectacular fall from grace in 1635 he became one of Lord Deputy Wentworth’s bitterest enemies and spoke against him at his trial in 1641. Yet, unlike h…
The Geraldine ambitions of the first earl of Cork
Richard Boyle, first earl of Cork, was a most unlikely antiquarian. A self-made man and a ruthless politician, by the early 1630s he had become the richest landowner in Munster and was entertaining ambitions to rule Ireland as Lord deputy. Yet in the same period the ‘great earl’ spent much time and effort sifting the archives for genealogical information about one of the most ancient noble houses of Ireland — the Fitzgeralds, earls of Kildare and…
Discord in Drogheda
This article explores a dispute between the clergy and choir of St. Peter's church, Drogheda, in November 1645. At first sight this seems little more than a local row over pay and conditions, but the dispute also sheds light on relations between the town and its royalist governors, the difficulty of the marquess of Ormond's political position in a crucial period, and the collaboration between Ormond and the primate of Ireland, Archbishop Ussher. …
Irish Representation in the Protectorate Parliaments
Scottish Affairs at Westminster
Monarchy to protectorate
The Humble Petition and Advice came in two distinct versions: the monarchical one presented to Oliver Cromwell on 31 March 1657, and the protectoral one accepted by him on 25 May – under which he was reinstalled as protector on 26 June. Yet only the protectoral version has been available to historians in a printed form. This article seeks to clarify the differences between the two versions, and to explore the often inconsistent and unsatisfactory…
Henry Ireton and the English Revolution
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
War in England, 1642–1649
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Uncovering a protectoral stud
According to the traditional view, the breeding of high quality horses collapsed after the execution of Charles I and the dispersal of the royal stud at Tutbury. This article questions this assumption by looking at Oliver Cromwell's interest in horses and in particular his efforts as protector to import Neapolitan coursers, Barbs and Arabian horses to improve English bloodstock. The effects of this on the development of the thoroughbred is debate…
Scottish Representation in the Protectorate Parliaments
The 30 MPs elected for Scotland in the Cromwellian parliaments of 1654, 1656 and 1659 have often been seen as government‐sponsored placemen, foisted on constituencies by the military. Some were Scottish collaborators, but most were English carpetbaggers. Restrictions on voter qualifications, designed to weed out suspected royalists, and opposition to English rule among the Scots, further contributed to what has been described as the antithesis of…
Reshaping Ireland 1550–1700
A Fraudster in Cromwellian Scotland
The Scottish Union Bill of 1656–7
The Scottish Union Bill introduced to the second Protectorate Parliament in October 1656 was based on the union ordinance of 1654, but it was then subjected to wide‐ranging amendments over the next few months. These amendments made many concessions to the Scots, including recognizing their separate legal system and the rights of the burghs, and allowing an expansion of free trade. This article explores the implications of these changes to the con…
Michael Jones and the survival of the Church of Ireland, 1647–9
The marquess of Ormond's surrender of Dublin to the forces of the English parliament in the summer of 1647 has been seen as marking the demise of the Church of Ireland, with ministers given the choice of adopting the Presbyterian Directory for Public Worship or fleeing the country. This article examines the survival of the church thanks to the benign influence of the governor of Dublin, Colonel Michael Jones, and his brother, Dr Henry Jones, bish…
The Letters, Writings, and Speeches of Oliver Cromwell, Vol. 3
Lobbying London
This article explores efforts by different groups of Scots to do business with the complex and hierarchical Cromwellian government, and in particular their attempts to gain access to the protector and his council in London. Three groups are examined: the burghs, which tended to use formal, paid agents; the rival kirk factions, which sought help from different political parties at Whitehall; and private petitioners, especially among the nobility, …
Flaying the sheep
The assessment tax on land, which paid the occupying army, increased steadily during the 1650s, and soon out-stripped the capacity of the Irish economy, slowly recovering from over a decade of war. Matters came to a head in 1657, when there were efforts by Irish M.P.s at Westminster to reduce the rate, and also pressure from Protestant landowners on the Dublin government to change the way in which the tax was administered. These initiatives broug…
History (18 works) · Scottish History and National Identity (18 works) · Historical Studies of British Isles (16 works) · Law (15 works) · Political science (15 works) · History (14 works) · Law (12 works) · Politics (12 works) · Irish and British Studies (10 works) · Irish (7 works)