Tracy Alan Hall
Biographic Data
| ID | 3766863 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Tracy Alan Hall |
| GIVEN NAMES | Tracy Alan |
| FAMILY NAME | Hall |
| SIGNATURE | HALL T A |
| AFFILIATIONS | Indiana University |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 20 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 0 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 19 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 1 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1989 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2024 |
| H-INDEX | 0 |
Dorsal Dissimilation in East Franconian
This article concerns itself with the realization of the dorsal fricative /x/ as the stop /k/ in the context before a fricative-initial suffix in many varieties of East Franconian, e. g. /mɑx+st/ ➝ [mɑkst] (cf. [mɑxə], [mɑxt], [mɑxən]). It is shown that the change from /x/ to /k/ before /s/ is a dissimilation. This finding is important because research in phonology has revealed that synchronic dissimilations are not common in the languages of the…
A Note from the Outgoing Editor
An abstract is not available for this content. As you have access to this content, full HTML content is provided on this page. A PDF of this content is also available in through the ‘Save PDF’ action button
The Pronunciation of German ch as Velar or Palatal from 1784 to 1841
Throughout most of the eighteenth-century, grammarians believed that ch in German words like Macht 'power' and Licht 'light' had only one place of articulation. In the final quarter of that century three studies discovered that ch in such words represented two places of articulation corresponding to what modern-day linguists call 'velar' and 'palatal' (Mäzke 1776; Hemmer 1776; Fränklin 1778). The present article concentrates on the years followin…
The Realization of West Germanic + [sk] in Low German
The present study investigates the multiple reflexes of historical + [sk] clusters in Low German (Westphalian/Northern Low German) dialects. Original descriptions of over thirty varieties of those dialects spoken between the end of the 19 th century to the present day reveal that there are a number of realizations of [sk] (e. g. [sk], [sx], [sç], [ʃx], [ʃç], [s]), whose occurrence depends on both the position within a word (initial, medial, final…
The Phonology of Westphalian German Glides
The present article investigates the patterning of glides in Westphalian German. One question to be addressed is the structure of onglides, for example, the in Nase ‘nose’ and the in ‘village’. I argue that surface onglides are in the nucleus and not in the onset. The proposed representation contrasts with the ones for onglides in related languages, that is, English and Frisian. I show that Westphalian German also possesses a labial approximant […
The Representation of Affricates in Cimbrian German
It is argued that Cimbrian German requires reference to the natural class of affricates and fricatives and that this grouping is captured by analyzing both sets of sounds as [+continuant]. This finding is problematic for theories that treat affricates as strident stops without a [+continuant] component.
Liquid Dissimilation in Bavarian German
The present study investigates the instability of adjacent liquids in a variety of Southern Bavarian German. The focus is a synchronic process converting /r/ to [d] before or after /l/—a process argued to involve a dissimilation of the phonological feature [liquid], which itself is triggered by a specific OCP constraint, *[liquid][liquid]. In addition to providing evidence for the feature [liquid], the present article also supports a model of seg…
Paradigm Uniformity Effects in German Phonology
German words like Siedl-ung [] ‘settlement’, which contain a sequence of obstruent plus sonorant consonant between vowels, pose two problems assuming the heterosyllabic parse: (a) the first syllable is superheavy, but superheavy syllables are otherwise restricted in their occurrence to word-final position; and (b) the /d/ does not devoice, contrary to what one would expect, since Final Devoicing operates without exception in coda position. The pr…
English syllabification as the interaction of markedness constraints
The present study offers an Optimality-Theoretic analysis of the syllabification of intervocalic consonants and glides in Modern English. It will be argued that the proposed syllabifications fall out from universal markedness constraints – all of which derive motivation from other languages – and a language-specific ranking. The analysis offered below is therefore an alternative to the traditional rule-based analyses of English syllabification, e…
Phonetic Motivation for Phonological Stop Assibilation
This article examines the motivation for phonological stop assibilations, e.g. /t/ is realized as [ts], [s] or [tʃ] before /i/, from the phonetic perspective. Hall & Hamann (2003) posit the following two implications: (a) Assibilation cannot be triggered by /i/ unless it is also triggered by /j/, and (b) Voiced stops cannot undergo assibilations unless voiceless ones do. In the following study we present the results of three acoustic experiments …
Papers in phonology & phonetics
ZASPiL 32.2003 contains 9 articles
Towards a typology of stop assibilation
In this article we propose that there are two universal properties for phonological stop assibilations, namely (i) assibilations cannot be triggered by /i/ unless they are also triggered by /j/, and (ii) voiced stops cannot undergo assibilations unless voiceless ones do. The article presents typological evidence from assibilations in 45 languages supporting both (i) and (ii). It is argued that assibilations are to be captured in the Optimality Th…
Anti-structure preservation effects in optimality theory
The present study examines a particular kind of rule blockage – referred to below as an 'antistructure-preservation effect'. An anti-structure-preservation effect occurs if some language has a process which is preempted from going into effect if some sequence of sounds [XY] would occur on the surface, even though other words in the language have [XY] sequences (which are underlyingly /XY/). It will be argued below that anti-structure-preservation…
The status of extrasyllabic consonants in English and German
Since the advent of nonlinear phonology many linguists have either assumed or argued explicitly that many languages have words in which one or more segment does not belong structurally to the syllable. Three commonly employed adjectives used to describe such consonants are 'extrasyllabic', 'extrametrical' or 'stray'. Other authors refer to such segments as belonging to the 'appendix'. [...] Various non-linear representations have been proposed to…
Studies on the Phonological Word
The present volume consists of nine articles dealing with the role of the constituent ‘phonological word’ (or ‘prosodic word’) in various typologically diverse languages. These languages and their respective families subsume Indo-European (Dutch, German, English, European Portuguese), Bantu (SiSwati, KiNande), Algonquian (Cree), Siouan (Dakota), and Salishan (Lushootseed). One contribution examines the phonological word in a sign language. The th…
The phonology of German /R
The German uvular /R/ probably shows more surface variation than any other segment in the language. (1) illustrates that /R/ has a vocalic allophone [A], which can surface either as a glide or a vowel, a sonorant consonant allophone, which is pronounced as a uvular trill or approximant, and two obstruent allophones: In the present study I focus on the rules producing the consonantal allophones of /R/ in both Standard German and in certain dialect…
Basque Phonology
Syllable Structure and Syllable-Related Processes in German
Lexical Phonology and the distribution of German [ ç ] and [ x ]
This paper examines the distribution of the palatal fricative [ç] and the velar fricative [x] in Modern Standard German. The data are significant with respect to the theory of Lexical Phonology (Kiparsky 1982, 1985; Halle & Mohanan 1985; Mohanan 1986) because the rule of Fricative Assimilation (FA) which spreads the feature of backness from a vowel onto an immediately following tautomorphemic [ —voice, + high] fricative is a counterexample to Kip…
German syllabification, the velar nasal, and the representation of schwa
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Lexical Phonology and the distribution of German [ ç ] and [ x ]
This paper examines the distribution of the palatal fricative [ç] and the velar fricative [x] in Modern Standard German. The data are significant with respect to the theory of Lexical Phonology (Kiparsky 1982, 1985; Halle & Mohanan 1985; Mohanan 1986) because the rule of Fricative Assimilation (FA) which spreads the feature of backness from a vowel onto an immediately following tautomorphemic [ —voice, + high] fricative is a counterexample to Kip…
German syllabification, the velar nasal, and the representation of schwa
Syllable Structure and Syllable-Related Processes in German
The phonology of German /R
The German uvular /R/ probably shows more surface variation than any other segment in the language. (1) illustrates that /R/ has a vocalic allophone [A], which can surface either as a glide or a vowel, a sonorant consonant allophone, which is pronounced as a uvular trill or approximant, and two obstruent allophones: In the present study I focus on the rules producing the consonantal allophones of /R/ in both Standard German and in certain dialect…
Basque Phonology
Studies on the Phonological Word
The present volume consists of nine articles dealing with the role of the constituent ‘phonological word’ (or ‘prosodic word’) in various typologically diverse languages. These languages and their respective families subsume Indo-European (Dutch, German, English, European Portuguese), Bantu (SiSwati, KiNande), Algonquian (Cree), Siouan (Dakota), and Salishan (Lushootseed). One contribution examines the phonological word in a sign language. The th…
The status of extrasyllabic consonants in English and German
Since the advent of nonlinear phonology many linguists have either assumed or argued explicitly that many languages have words in which one or more segment does not belong structurally to the syllable. Three commonly employed adjectives used to describe such consonants are 'extrasyllabic', 'extrametrical' or 'stray'. Other authors refer to such segments as belonging to the 'appendix'. [...] Various non-linear representations have been proposed to…
Papers in phonology & phonetics
ZASPiL 32.2003 contains 9 articles
Towards a typology of stop assibilation
In this article we propose that there are two universal properties for phonological stop assibilations, namely (i) assibilations cannot be triggered by /i/ unless they are also triggered by /j/, and (ii) voiced stops cannot undergo assibilations unless voiceless ones do. The article presents typological evidence from assibilations in 45 languages supporting both (i) and (ii). It is argued that assibilations are to be captured in the Optimality Th…
Anti-structure preservation effects in optimality theory
The present study examines a particular kind of rule blockage – referred to below as an 'antistructure-preservation effect'. An anti-structure-preservation effect occurs if some language has a process which is preempted from going into effect if some sequence of sounds [XY] would occur on the surface, even though other words in the language have [XY] sequences (which are underlyingly /XY/). It will be argued below that anti-structure-preservation…
English syllabification as the interaction of markedness constraints
The present study offers an Optimality-Theoretic analysis of the syllabification of intervocalic consonants and glides in Modern English. It will be argued that the proposed syllabifications fall out from universal markedness constraints – all of which derive motivation from other languages – and a language-specific ranking. The analysis offered below is therefore an alternative to the traditional rule-based analyses of English syllabification, e…
Phonetic Motivation for Phonological Stop Assibilation
This article examines the motivation for phonological stop assibilations, e.g. /t/ is realized as [ts], [s] or [tʃ] before /i/, from the phonetic perspective. Hall & Hamann (2003) posit the following two implications: (a) Assibilation cannot be triggered by /i/ unless it is also triggered by /j/, and (b) Voiced stops cannot undergo assibilations unless voiceless ones do. In the following study we present the results of three acoustic experiments …
Paradigm Uniformity Effects in German Phonology
German words like Siedl-ung [] ‘settlement’, which contain a sequence of obstruent plus sonorant consonant between vowels, pose two problems assuming the heterosyllabic parse: (a) the first syllable is superheavy, but superheavy syllables are otherwise restricted in their occurrence to word-final position; and (b) the /d/ does not devoice, contrary to what one would expect, since Final Devoicing operates without exception in coda position. The pr…
Liquid Dissimilation in Bavarian German
The present study investigates the instability of adjacent liquids in a variety of Southern Bavarian German. The focus is a synchronic process converting /r/ to [d] before or after /l/—a process argued to involve a dissimilation of the phonological feature [liquid], which itself is triggered by a specific OCP constraint, *[liquid][liquid]. In addition to providing evidence for the feature [liquid], the present article also supports a model of seg…
The Representation of Affricates in Cimbrian German
It is argued that Cimbrian German requires reference to the natural class of affricates and fricatives and that this grouping is captured by analyzing both sets of sounds as [+continuant]. This finding is problematic for theories that treat affricates as strident stops without a [+continuant] component.
The Phonology of Westphalian German Glides
The present article investigates the patterning of glides in Westphalian German. One question to be addressed is the structure of onglides, for example, the in Nase ‘nose’ and the in ‘village’. I argue that surface onglides are in the nucleus and not in the onset. The proposed representation contrasts with the ones for onglides in related languages, that is, English and Frisian. I show that Westphalian German also possesses a labial approximant […
The Realization of West Germanic + [sk] in Low German
The present study investigates the multiple reflexes of historical + [sk] clusters in Low German (Westphalian/Northern Low German) dialects. Original descriptions of over thirty varieties of those dialects spoken between the end of the 19 th century to the present day reveal that there are a number of realizations of [sk] (e. g. [sk], [sx], [sç], [ʃx], [ʃç], [s]), whose occurrence depends on both the position within a word (initial, medial, final…
The Pronunciation of German ch as Velar or Palatal from 1784 to 1841
Throughout most of the eighteenth-century, grammarians believed that ch in German words like Macht 'power' and Licht 'light' had only one place of articulation. In the final quarter of that century three studies discovered that ch in such words represented two places of articulation corresponding to what modern-day linguists call 'velar' and 'palatal' (Mäzke 1776; Hemmer 1776; Fränklin 1778). The present article concentrates on the years followin…
Dorsal Dissimilation in East Franconian
This article concerns itself with the realization of the dorsal fricative /x/ as the stop /k/ in the context before a fricative-initial suffix in many varieties of East Franconian, e. g. /mɑx+st/ ➝ [mɑkst] (cf. [mɑxə], [mɑxt], [mɑxən]). It is shown that the change from /x/ to /k/ before /s/ is a dissimilation. This finding is important because research in phonology has revealed that synchronic dissimilations are not common in the languages of the…
A Note from the Outgoing Editor
An abstract is not available for this content. As you have access to this content, full HTML content is provided on this page. A PDF of this content is also available in through the ‘Save PDF’ action button
Philosophy (19 works) · Linguistics (18 works) · Phonetics and Phonology Research (17 works) · German (12 works) · Phonology (12 works) · Computer Science (11 works) · Mathematics (9 works) · Linguistic Variation and Morphology (8 works) · History (6 works) · Linguistics and language evolution (6 works)