Ana Rute Cardoso
Biographic Data
| ID | 3772186 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Ana Rute Cardoso |
| GIVEN NAMES | Ana Rute |
| FAMILY NAME | Cardoso |
| SIGNATURE | CARDOSO A R |
| AFFILIATIONS | IZA - Institute of Labor Economics |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-6168-8959 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 8 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 28 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 8 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1996 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2024 |
| H-INDEX | 2 |
What Lies behind the Returns to Schooling
Do more educated workers earn higher wages partly because they have access to high-paying firms and occupations? We rely on linked employer-employee data to combine the estimation of AKM models with the decomposition of the returns to schooling. We exploit exogenous variation in education driven by changes in compulsory education. We show that education provides access to better-paying workplaces and occupations: 30 percent of the overall return …
Firms and Labor Market Inequality
We synthesize two related literatures on firm-level drivers of wage inequality. Studies of rent sharing that use matched worker-firm data find elasticities of wages with respect to value added per worker in the range of 0.05–0.15. Studies of wage determination with worker and firm fixed effects typically find that firm-specific premiums explain 20% of overall wage variation. To interpret these findings, we develop a model of wage setting in which…
The impact of the Chinese exchange policy on foreign trade with the European Union
The aim of this paper is to analyze the impact of the Chinese foreign exchange policy on foreign trade with the European Union. After describing the importance of the exchange rate in an open economy and some of the methodologies employed to calculate its equilibrium value, we examine whether the Chinese competitiveness is due to the existence of misalignment (undervaluation) of its exchange rate, or rather, to other sources of competitiveness. F…
Bargaining, Sorting, and the Gender Wage Gap
There is growing evidence that firm-specific pay premiums are an important source of wage inequality. These premiums will contribute to the gender wage gap if women are less likely to work at high-paying firms or if women negotiate (or are offered) worse wage bargains with their employers than men. Using longitudinal data on the hourly wages of Portuguese workers matched with income statement information for firms, we show that the wages of both …
Female-Led Firms and Gender Wage Policies
Using a longitudinal dataset covering the period 1987-2000, the authors explore the impact of female employers and gender segregation on wages in Portugal. In the context of Becker's (1957) taste for discrimination theory, they investigate whether the gender of a firm manager affects gender wage differences. They find that females benefit from higher wages in female-led firms than in male-led firms. Further, when females lead, the wage gap betwee…
Gender segregation and the wage gap in Portugal
Using a large linked employer-employee data set, this paper aims at quantifying the trend in worker segregation at the establishment level and its impact on wages in Portugal over a fifteen year period. We concentrate on the gender dimension, to answer the questions: What is the level of gender segregation across establishments in the Portuguese labor market and how has it evolved over time? What is the impact of segregation on wages? Is that imp…
Firms' Wage Policies and the Rise in Labor Market Inequality
Applying a multi-level wage regression model to a matched employer-employee data set for the years 1983 and 1992, the author investigates whether changes in company wage policies can account for the sharp rise in labor market inequality in Portugal. The results suggest that traditional wage progression mechanisms based on seniority lost influence between the two years, whereas general skills became more valued by employers. Changes in the returns…
Women at Work and Economic Development
The Portuguese female labor force participation rate is one of the highest among European Union countries. This study seeks to explain why. After a brief look at the sharp contrast between the situation in the 1980s and that of the 1960s, it sets out to answer the question: What motivates women to participate, and why is the Portuguese economy so receptive to female participation? An option and a necessity coexist, motivating women to produce for…
Female-Led Firms and Gender Wage Policies
Using a longitudinal dataset covering the period 1987-2000, the authors explore the impact of female employers and gender segregation on wages in Portugal. In the context of Becker's (1957) taste for discrimination theory, they investigate whether the gender of a firm manager affects gender wage differences. They find that females benefit from higher wages in female-led firms than in male-led firms. Further, when females lead, the wage gap betwee…
Firms' Wage Policies and the Rise in Labor Market Inequality
Applying a multi-level wage regression model to a matched employer-employee data set for the years 1983 and 1992, the author investigates whether changes in company wage policies can account for the sharp rise in labor market inequality in Portugal. The results suggest that traditional wage progression mechanisms based on seniority lost influence between the two years, whereas general skills became more valued by employers. Changes in the returns…
Gender segregation and the wage gap in Portugal
Using a large linked employer-employee data set, this paper aims at quantifying the trend in worker segregation at the establishment level and its impact on wages in Portugal over a fifteen year period. We concentrate on the gender dimension, to answer the questions: What is the level of gender segregation across establishments in the Portuguese labor market and how has it evolved over time? What is the impact of segregation on wages? Is that imp…
Women at Work and Economic Development
The Portuguese female labor force participation rate is one of the highest among European Union countries. This study seeks to explain why. After a brief look at the sharp contrast between the situation in the 1980s and that of the 1960s, it sets out to answer the question: What motivates women to participate, and why is the Portuguese economy so receptive to female participation? An option and a necessity coexist, motivating women to produce for…
Firms' Wage Policies and the Rise in Labor Market Inequality
Applying a multi-level wage regression model to a matched employer-employee data set for the years 1983 and 1992, the author investigates whether changes in company wage policies can account for the sharp rise in labor market inequality in Portugal. The results suggest that traditional wage progression mechanisms based on seniority lost influence between the two years, whereas general skills became more valued by employers. Changes in the returns…
Gender segregation and the wage gap in Portugal
Using a large linked employer-employee data set, this paper aims at quantifying the trend in worker segregation at the establishment level and its impact on wages in Portugal over a fifteen year period. We concentrate on the gender dimension, to answer the questions: What is the level of gender segregation across establishments in the Portuguese labor market and how has it evolved over time? What is the impact of segregation on wages? Is that imp…
Female-Led Firms and Gender Wage Policies
Using a longitudinal dataset covering the period 1987-2000, the authors explore the impact of female employers and gender segregation on wages in Portugal. In the context of Becker's (1957) taste for discrimination theory, they investigate whether the gender of a firm manager affects gender wage differences. They find that females benefit from higher wages in female-led firms than in male-led firms. Further, when females lead, the wage gap betwee…
Bargaining, Sorting, and the Gender Wage Gap
There is growing evidence that firm-specific pay premiums are an important source of wage inequality. These premiums will contribute to the gender wage gap if women are less likely to work at high-paying firms or if women negotiate (or are offered) worse wage bargains with their employers than men. Using longitudinal data on the hourly wages of Portuguese workers matched with income statement information for firms, we show that the wages of both …
The impact of the Chinese exchange policy on foreign trade with the European Union
The aim of this paper is to analyze the impact of the Chinese foreign exchange policy on foreign trade with the European Union. After describing the importance of the exchange rate in an open economy and some of the methodologies employed to calculate its equilibrium value, we examine whether the Chinese competitiveness is due to the existence of misalignment (undervaluation) of its exchange rate, or rather, to other sources of competitiveness. F…
Firms and Labor Market Inequality
We synthesize two related literatures on firm-level drivers of wage inequality. Studies of rent sharing that use matched worker-firm data find elasticities of wages with respect to value added per worker in the range of 0.05–0.15. Studies of wage determination with worker and firm fixed effects typically find that firm-specific premiums explain 20% of overall wage variation. To interpret these findings, we develop a model of wage setting in which…
What Lies behind the Returns to Schooling
Do more educated workers earn higher wages partly because they have access to high-paying firms and occupations? We rely on linked employer-employee data to combine the estimation of AKM models with the decomposition of the returns to schooling. We exploit exogenous variation in education driven by changes in compulsory education. We show that education provides access to better-paying workplaces and occupations: 30 percent of the overall return …
Economics (8 works) · Labor market dynamics and wage inequality (7 works) · Labour economics (7 works) · Demographic economics (5 works) · Wage (5 works) · Economic growth (4 works) · Efficiency wage (3 works) · Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics (3 works) · Sorting (3 works) · European union (2 works)