Kerri L Johnson
Biographic Data
| ID | 3774366 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Kerri L Johnson |
| GIVEN NAMES | Kerri L |
| FAMILY NAME | Johnson |
| SIGNATURE | JOHNSON K L |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of California, Los Angeles |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-1458-2019 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 31 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 225 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 31 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2002 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2022 |
| H-INDEX | 8 |
You Play a Sport, Right? A Persistent and Pernicious Intersectional Bias in Categorization of Students vs. Student-Athletes
Black male students on college campuses report being frequently misperceived as student-athletes. Across three studies, we tested the role of perceivers’ racial and gendered biases in categorization of Black and White students and student-athletes and the subsequent evaluative consequences. Participants viewed faces of actual Black and White male and female undergraduates who were either non-athlete students or student- athletes and made binary j…
The Face of Social Networks: Naive Observers’ Accurate Assessment of Others’ Social Network Positions From Faces
We examined whether, even at zero acquaintance, observers accurately infer others’ social network positions—specifically, the number and patterning of social ties (e.g., brokerage—the extent to which a person bridges disconnected people) and the trait impressions that support this accuracy. We paired social network data ( n = 272 professional school students), with naive observers’ ( n = 301 undergraduates) judgments of facial images of each pers…
Harnessing Visible Representation to Mitigate Bias
Numerous attempts to improve diversity by way of changing the hearts of decision makers have fallen short of the desired outcome. One underappreciated factor that contributes to bias resides not in decision makers’ hearts, but instead in their minds. People possess images, or mental representations, for specific roles and professions. Which mental image or representation springs spontaneously to mind depends on the current status quo within a fie…
The straight categorization bias: A motivated and altruistic reasoning account
For 70 years, the field of social perception has concluded that perceivers can determine others' social category memberships with remarkable accuracy. However, it has become increasingly clear that accuracy is only part of the story, as social category judgments are often systematically biased toward one category over another. For example, when categorizing sexual orientation, perceivers label others as straight more often than gay. This straight…
Threat in the Company of Men: Ensemble Perception and Threat Evaluations of Groups Varying in Sex Ratio
Everyday, we visually perceive people not only in isolation but also in groups. Yet, visual person perception research typically focuses on inferences made about isolated individuals. By integrating social vision and visual ensemble coding, we present novel evidence that (a) perceivers rapidly (500 ms) extract a group’s ratio of men to women and (b) both explicit judgments of threat and indirect evaluative priming of threat increase as the ratio …
What's in a shape? Evidence of gender category associations with basic forms
Categorization by Sex
Evidence for the Absence of Stimulus Quality Differences in Tests of the Accuracy of Sexual Orientation Judgments: A Reply to Cox, Devine, Bischmann, and Hyde (2016)
An article recently published in this journal (Cox, Devine, Bischmann, & Hyde, 2016) questioned the validity of existing research on the accurate judgment of sexual orientation from photographs of faces. Specifically, those authors reported a confound in their stimuli whereby the photos of sexual minorities (gay men and lesbians) were of higher quality than the photos of heterosexuals. Based on this finding, they concluded that the accuracy in ju…
The pupils are the windows to sexuality: Pupil dilation as a visual cue to others’ sexual interest
Straight until proven gay: A systematic bias toward straight categorizations in sexual orientation judgments
Perceivers achieve above chance accuracy judging others' sexual orientations, but they also exhibit a notable response bias by categorizing most targets as straight rather than gay. Although a straight categorization bias is evident in many published reports, it has never been the focus of systematic inquiry. The current studies therefore document this bias and test the mechanisms that produce it. Studies 1-3 revealed the straight categorization …
The Gendered Face of Partisan Politics: Consequences of Facial Sex Typicality for Vote Choice
Facial cues are consequential for voters' behavior at the polls. Yet the facial cues that are associated with vote choice remain under-examined. We predicted that vote choice judgments rely, in part, on the sex typicality of facial cues (i.e., the degree of facial masculinity and femininity) that vary as a function of candidate gender and partisan identification. Stimuli included image pairs of winners and runners-up in the elections for the 111t…
Intersecting Race and Gender Cues are Associated with Perceptions of Gay Men’s Preferred Sexual Roles
Early Processing of Gendered Facial Cues Predicts the Electoral Success of Female Politicians
This research examined how the typicality of gender cues in politicians’ faces related to their electoral success. Previous research has shown that faces with subtle gender-atypical cues elicit cognitive competition between male and female categories, which perceivers resolve during face perception. To assess whether this competition adversely impacted politicians’ electoral success, participants categorized the gender of politicians’ faces in a …
Why Do They Have to Flaunt it? Perceptions of Communicative Intent Predict Antigay Prejudice Based Upon Brief Exposure to Nonverbal Cues
Perceivers use gender-atypical nonverbal cues to categorize others as lesbian/gay, and the same cues help to explain the occurrence of antigay prejudice. Although these patterns replicate across recent studies, their proximal causes have received little attention. It remains unclear, for example, why the gender-atypical appearances common among sexual minority individuals arouse negative evaluations. Here, we tested whether perceptions of communi…
If looks could kill: Anger attributions are intensified by affordances for doing harm
Emotion perception is necessarily imprecise, leading to possible overperception or underperception of a given emotion extant in a target individual. When the costs of these two types of errors are recurrently asymmetrical, categorization mechanisms can be expected to be biased to commit the less costly error. Contextual factors can influence this asymmetry, resulting in a concomitant increase in biases in the perception of a given emotion. Anger …
Haven’t I seen you before? Straight men who are insecure of their masculinity remember gender-atypical faces
To navigate a busy interpersonal landscape, people direct perceptual resources in a motivated fashion that maximizes goals and minimizes threats. While adaptive, these heuristics can also lead to noteworthy biases, including a well-documented memory advantage for ingroup members. Recent research has extended these findings to reveal other motivational biases that emerge early in social perception. When perceivers feel threatened, for example, the…
Perceived Consequences of Hypothetical Identity-Inconsistent Sexual Experiences: Effects of Perceiver’s Sex and Sexual Identity
Seeing storms behind the clouds: Biases in the attribution of anger
Minority Stress and Physical Health Among Sexual Minorities
Lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) individuals suffer serious mental health disparities relative to their heterosexual peers, and researchers have linked these disparities to difficult social experiences (e.g., antigay victimization) and internalized biases (e.g., internalized homophobia) that arouse stress. A recent and growing body of evidence suggests that LGB individuals also suffer physical health disparities relative to heterosexuals, ranging…
How unaware are the unskilled? Empirical tests of the “signal extraction” counterexplanation for the Dunning–Kruger effect in self-evaluation of performance
The impact of cues of stigma and support on self-perceived sexual orientation among heterosexually identified men and women
Fluency of visual processing explains prejudiced evaluations following categorization of concealable identities
Appearance-based politics: Sex-typed facial cues communicate political party affiliation
Race is gendered: How covarying phenotypes and stereotypes bias sex categorization
We argue that race and sex categories are psychologically and phenotypically confounded, affecting social categorizations and their efficiency. Sex categorization of faces was facilitated when the race category shared facial phenotypes or stereotypes with the correct sex category (e.g., Asian women and Black men) but was impaired when the race category shared incompatible phenotypes or stereotypes with the correct sex category (e.g., Asian men an…
Comparing Sexual and Ethnic Minority Perspectives on Same‐Sex Marriage
We examined views on same‐sex marriage in the context of California's Proposition 8 among a community sample of non‐Black gay men, lesbians, and bisexual men and women (GLBs) as well as Black heterosexuals. Additionally, we investigated whether GLBs’ perception of Blacks’ views on same‐sex marriage influenced the extent to which they blamed Blacks for the passage of Proposition 8. As expected, GLBs viewed same‐sex marriage as a civil rights issue…
Swagger, sway, and sexuality: Judging sexual orientation from body motion and morphology
People can accurately judge the sexual orientation of others, but the cues they use have remained elusive. In 3 studies, the authors examined how body shape and motion affect perceived sexual orientation. In 2 studies, participants judged the sexual orientation of computer-generated animations in which body shape and motion were manipulated. Gender-typical combinations (e.g., tubular body moving with shoulder swagger or hourglass body moving with…
Race is gendered: How covarying phenotypes and stereotypes bias sex categorization
We argue that race and sex categories are psychologically and phenotypically confounded, affecting social categorizations and their efficiency. Sex categorization of faces was facilitated when the race category shared facial phenotypes or stereotypes with the correct sex category (e.g., Asian women and Black men) but was impaired when the race category shared incompatible phenotypes or stereotypes with the correct sex category (e.g., Asian men an…
Capturing complexity: A typology of reflective practice for teacher education
The Gendered Face of Partisan Politics: Consequences of Facial Sex Typicality for Vote Choice
Facial cues are consequential for voters' behavior at the polls. Yet the facial cues that are associated with vote choice remain under-examined. We predicted that vote choice judgments rely, in part, on the sex typicality of facial cues (i.e., the degree of facial masculinity and femininity) that vary as a function of candidate gender and partisan identification. Stimuli included image pairs of winners and runners-up in the elections for the 111t…
Straight until proven gay: A systematic bias toward straight categorizations in sexual orientation judgments
Perceivers achieve above chance accuracy judging others' sexual orientations, but they also exhibit a notable response bias by categorizing most targets as straight rather than gay. Although a straight categorization bias is evident in many published reports, it has never been the focus of systematic inquiry. The current studies therefore document this bias and test the mechanisms that produce it. Studies 1-3 revealed the straight categorization …
Appearance-based politics: Sex-typed facial cues communicate political party affiliation
Intersecting Race and Gender Cues are Associated with Perceptions of Gay Men’s Preferred Sexual Roles
Fluency of visual processing explains prejudiced evaluations following categorization of concealable identities
The straight categorization bias: A motivated and altruistic reasoning account
For 70 years, the field of social perception has concluded that perceivers can determine others' social category memberships with remarkable accuracy. However, it has become increasingly clear that accuracy is only part of the story, as social category judgments are often systematically biased toward one category over another. For example, when categorizing sexual orientation, perceivers label others as straight more often than gay. This straight…
How unaware are the unskilled? Empirical tests of the “signal extraction” counterexplanation for the Dunning–Kruger effect in self-evaluation of performance
What's in a shape? Evidence of gender category associations with basic forms
Comparing Sexual and Ethnic Minority Perspectives on Same‐Sex Marriage
We examined views on same‐sex marriage in the context of California's Proposition 8 among a community sample of non‐Black gay men, lesbians, and bisexual men and women (GLBs) as well as Black heterosexuals. Additionally, we investigated whether GLBs’ perception of Blacks’ views on same‐sex marriage influenced the extent to which they blamed Blacks for the passage of Proposition 8. As expected, GLBs viewed same‐sex marriage as a civil rights issue…
Haven’t I seen you before? Straight men who are insecure of their masculinity remember gender-atypical faces
To navigate a busy interpersonal landscape, people direct perceptual resources in a motivated fashion that maximizes goals and minimizes threats. While adaptive, these heuristics can also lead to noteworthy biases, including a well-documented memory advantage for ingroup members. Recent research has extended these findings to reveal other motivational biases that emerge early in social perception. When perceivers feel threatened, for example, the…
The impact of cues of stigma and support on self-perceived sexual orientation among heterosexually identified men and women
Perceived Consequences of Hypothetical Identity-Inconsistent Sexual Experiences: Effects of Perceiver’s Sex and Sexual Identity
Capturing complexity: A typology of reflective practice for teacher education
Why People Fail to Recognize Their Own Incompetence
Successful negotiation of everyday life would seem to require people to possess insight about deficiencies in their intellectual and social skills. However, people tend to be blissfully unaware of their incompetence. This lack of awareness arises because poor performers are doubly cursed: Their lack of skill deprives them not only of the ability to produce correct responses, but also of the expertise necessary to surmise that they are not produci…
Young Infants' Perception of Object Unity in Rotation Displays
Much research has been devoted to questions regarding how infants begin to perceive the unity of partly occluded objects, and it is clear that object motion plays a central role. Little is known, however, about how infants' motion processing skills are used in such tasks. One important kinetic cue for object shape is structure from motion, but its role in unity perception remains unknown. To address this issue, we presented 2‐ and 4‐month‐old inf…
Swagger, sway, and sexuality: Judging sexual orientation from body motion and morphology
People can accurately judge the sexual orientation of others, but the cues they use have remained elusive. In 3 studies, the authors examined how body shape and motion affect perceived sexual orientation. In 2 studies, participants judged the sexual orientation of computer-generated animations in which body shape and motion were manipulated. Gender-typical combinations (e.g., tubular body moving with shoulder swagger or hourglass body moving with…
Why the unskilled are unaware: Further explorations of (absent) self-insight among the incompetent
Sexual Orientation Perception Involves Gendered Facial Cues
Perceivers can accurately judge a face’s sexual orientation, but the perceptual mechanisms mediating this remain obscure. The authors hypothesized that stereotypes casting gays and lesbians as gender “inverts,” in cultural circulation for a century and a half, lead perceivers to use gendered facial cues to infer sexual orientation. Using computer-generated faces, Study 1 showed that as two facial dimensions (shape and texture) became more gender …
Comparing Sexual and Ethnic Minority Perspectives on Same‐Sex Marriage
We examined views on same‐sex marriage in the context of California's Proposition 8 among a community sample of non‐Black gay men, lesbians, and bisexual men and women (GLBs) as well as Black heterosexuals. Additionally, we investigated whether GLBs’ perception of Blacks’ views on same‐sex marriage influenced the extent to which they blamed Blacks for the passage of Proposition 8. As expected, GLBs viewed same‐sex marriage as a civil rights issue…
Appearance-based politics: Sex-typed facial cues communicate political party affiliation
Race is gendered: How covarying phenotypes and stereotypes bias sex categorization
We argue that race and sex categories are psychologically and phenotypically confounded, affecting social categorizations and their efficiency. Sex categorization of faces was facilitated when the race category shared facial phenotypes or stereotypes with the correct sex category (e.g., Asian women and Black men) but was impaired when the race category shared incompatible phenotypes or stereotypes with the correct sex category (e.g., Asian men an…
Seeing storms behind the clouds: Biases in the attribution of anger
Minority Stress and Physical Health Among Sexual Minorities
Lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) individuals suffer serious mental health disparities relative to their heterosexual peers, and researchers have linked these disparities to difficult social experiences (e.g., antigay victimization) and internalized biases (e.g., internalized homophobia) that arouse stress. A recent and growing body of evidence suggests that LGB individuals also suffer physical health disparities relative to heterosexuals, ranging…
How unaware are the unskilled? Empirical tests of the “signal extraction” counterexplanation for the Dunning–Kruger effect in self-evaluation of performance
The impact of cues of stigma and support on self-perceived sexual orientation among heterosexually identified men and women
Fluency of visual processing explains prejudiced evaluations following categorization of concealable identities
Early Processing of Gendered Facial Cues Predicts the Electoral Success of Female Politicians
This research examined how the typicality of gender cues in politicians’ faces related to their electoral success. Previous research has shown that faces with subtle gender-atypical cues elicit cognitive competition between male and female categories, which perceivers resolve during face perception. To assess whether this competition adversely impacted politicians’ electoral success, participants categorized the gender of politicians’ faces in a …
Why Do They Have to Flaunt it? Perceptions of Communicative Intent Predict Antigay Prejudice Based Upon Brief Exposure to Nonverbal Cues
Perceivers use gender-atypical nonverbal cues to categorize others as lesbian/gay, and the same cues help to explain the occurrence of antigay prejudice. Although these patterns replicate across recent studies, their proximal causes have received little attention. It remains unclear, for example, why the gender-atypical appearances common among sexual minority individuals arouse negative evaluations. Here, we tested whether perceptions of communi…
If looks could kill: Anger attributions are intensified by affordances for doing harm
Emotion perception is necessarily imprecise, leading to possible overperception or underperception of a given emotion extant in a target individual. When the costs of these two types of errors are recurrently asymmetrical, categorization mechanisms can be expected to be biased to commit the less costly error. Contextual factors can influence this asymmetry, resulting in a concomitant increase in biases in the perception of a given emotion. Anger …
Haven’t I seen you before? Straight men who are insecure of their masculinity remember gender-atypical faces
To navigate a busy interpersonal landscape, people direct perceptual resources in a motivated fashion that maximizes goals and minimizes threats. While adaptive, these heuristics can also lead to noteworthy biases, including a well-documented memory advantage for ingroup members. Recent research has extended these findings to reveal other motivational biases that emerge early in social perception. When perceivers feel threatened, for example, the…
Perceived Consequences of Hypothetical Identity-Inconsistent Sexual Experiences: Effects of Perceiver’s Sex and Sexual Identity
Intersecting Race and Gender Cues are Associated with Perceptions of Gay Men’s Preferred Sexual Roles
The pupils are the windows to sexuality: Pupil dilation as a visual cue to others’ sexual interest
Straight until proven gay: A systematic bias toward straight categorizations in sexual orientation judgments
Perceivers achieve above chance accuracy judging others' sexual orientations, but they also exhibit a notable response bias by categorizing most targets as straight rather than gay. Although a straight categorization bias is evident in many published reports, it has never been the focus of systematic inquiry. The current studies therefore document this bias and test the mechanisms that produce it. Studies 1-3 revealed the straight categorization …
The Gendered Face of Partisan Politics: Consequences of Facial Sex Typicality for Vote Choice
Facial cues are consequential for voters' behavior at the polls. Yet the facial cues that are associated with vote choice remain under-examined. We predicted that vote choice judgments rely, in part, on the sex typicality of facial cues (i.e., the degree of facial masculinity and femininity) that vary as a function of candidate gender and partisan identification. Stimuli included image pairs of winners and runners-up in the elections for the 111t…
Evidence for the Absence of Stimulus Quality Differences in Tests of the Accuracy of Sexual Orientation Judgments: A Reply to Cox, Devine, Bischmann, and Hyde (2016)
An article recently published in this journal (Cox, Devine, Bischmann, & Hyde, 2016) questioned the validity of existing research on the accurate judgment of sexual orientation from photographs of faces. Specifically, those authors reported a confound in their stimuli whereby the photos of sexual minorities (gay men and lesbians) were of higher quality than the photos of heterosexuals. Based on this finding, they concluded that the accuracy in ju…
Categorization by Sex
Psychology (31 works) · Social Psychology (28 works) · Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior (18 works) · Perception (18 works) · Developmental psychology (15 works) · Social and Intergroup Psychology (15 works) · Cognitive psychology (13 works) · Social perception (11 works) · Sexual orientation (10 works) · Social Psychology (10 works)