David Shaw
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 3780448 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | David Shaw |
| NOMBRES | David |
| APELLIDO | Shaw |
| FIRMA | SHAW D |
| AFILIACIONES | University of Basel |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-8180-6927 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 82 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 102 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 82 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1960 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 5 |
A Need for Societal Involvement in Promoting a Culture of Care in Animal Research
Virtue, Opportunity and Fortune
We are the Earthworms! Aliens Using 3R on Humans
Ethical Challenges of New Technologies and Insights from Research Ethics Experts on Oversight of AI in Health, Extended Reality, Gene Editing and Biobanking
Research on emerging technologies such as AI-driven health interventions, extended reality (XR) systems, biobanks, and genome editing poses novel ethical challenges that traditional ethics governance models struggle to address. This article explores various models of research ethics governance within the European Union (EU) context, starting from traditional one-time research ethics committee (REC) reviews, REC review with post-approval monitorin…
Dead as a dodo
Animals can only be used in research when there is a convincing scientific justification, when the expected benefits of the research outweigh the potential risks in terms of animal suffering and when the scientific objectives cannot be achieved using non-animal alternative methods. Researchers must also apply the 3R principles—replace, reduce and refine—to ensure that animals are used ethically in research. All research involving animals must hav…
The digital erosion of intellectual integrity
Sometimes students cheat. Sometimes academic staff do too, but historically, the most common manifestation of unethical academic behaviour has been plagiarism by students: instead of writing his or her own essay or assignment, a student copies existing text, in whole or in part. In addition to educating students about the unethical nature of plagiarism, universities and other learning institutions have developed various methods of detecting incid…
Developing more inclusive approaches to animal research and patient involvement
Doing scientific research with animals is a subject of intense societal debate, often involving polarized and public discussions with stakeholders and groups interested in animal research. Patients, given their medical conditions, have a high stake in biomedical research, including research involving animals. However, their perspectives are rarely heard in policy-related discussions on animal experiments. This essay discusses the positions and st…
An analysis of population movements to characterize China's differentiated countryside
One R or the other – an experimental bioethics approach to 3R dilemmas in animal research
Sacrificial dilemmas such as the trolley problem play an important role in experimental philosophy (x-phi). But it is increasingly argued that, since we are not likely to encounter runaway trolleys in our daily life, the usefulness of such thought experiments for understanding moral judgments in more ecologically valid contexts may be limited. However, similar sacrificial dilemmas are experienced in real life by animal research decision makers. A…
Schrödinger’s Fetus and Relational Ontology
Pro-life and pro-choice advocates battle for rational dominance in abortion debates. Yet, public polling (and general legal opinion) demonstrates the public’s preference for the middle ground: that abortions are acceptable in certain circumstances and during early pregnancy. Implicit in this, are two contradictory intuitions: (1) that we were all early fetuses, and (2) abortion kills no one. To hold these positions together, Harman and Räsänen ha…
Update on the ethical, legal and technical challenges of translating xenotransplantation
This manuscript reports on a landmark symposium on the ethical, legal and technical challenges of xenotransplantation in the UK. King’s College London, with endorsement from the British Transplantation Society (BTS), and the European Society of Organ Transplantation (ESOT), brought together a group of experts in xenotransplantation science, ethics and law to discuss the ethical, regulatory and technical challenges surrounding translating xenotran…
Prioritisation and non-sentientist harms
Good principles, badly applied
Case report
Euthanasia in psychiatric patients presents unique challenges, especially when combined with organ donation. In this article, the hurdles psychiatric patients might encounter after expressing their wish for organ donation after euthanasia, are discussed and illustrated by the case of Martijn, a 45-year-old psychiatric patient who altruistically donated his organs after euthanasia. Hospital and physician-related factors, including caution in deter…
Killing in the Name of 3R?” The Ethics of Death in Animal Research
Changing relationships with nonhuman animals have led to important modifications in animal welfare legislations, including the protection of animal life. However, animal research regulations are largely based on welfarist assumptions, neglecting the idea that death can constitute a harm to animals. In this article, four different cases of killing animals in research contexts are identified and discussed against the background of philosophical, so…
Management Consultancy Firms and Hythloday’s Island
Many business graduates regard management consultancy firms as a desirable, even utopian, career destination. Hythloday’s description of the island of Utopia identifies several characteristics that resonate with aspects of the management consulting industry. They include its separation from the rest of humanity, the Utopians’ attitude to acquiring knowledge, their commitment to their way of life, their attitude to work, the governance structure o…
Brave (in a) new world
OPINION article Front. Public Health, 17 August 2023Sec. Digital Public Health Volume 11 - 2023 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1254334
Playing Brains
The convergence of human and artificial intelligence is currently receiving considerable scholarly attention. Much debate about the resulting Hybrid Minds focuses on the integration of artificial intelligence into the human brain through intelligent brain-computer interfaces as they enter clinical use. In this contribution we discuss a complementary development: the integration of a functional in vitro network of human neurons into an in silico c…
Artificial intelligence and the doctor–patient relationship expanding the paradigm of shared decision making
Artificial intelligence (AI) based clinical decision support systems (CDSS) are becoming ever more widespread in healthcare and could play an important role in diagnostic and treatment processes. For this reason, AI‐based CDSS has an impact on the doctor–patient relationship, shaping their decisions with its suggestions. We may be on the verge of a paradigm shift, where the doctor–patient relationship is no longer a dual relationship, but a triad…
Motivation and training needs of prison healthcare professionals
Health care in prison is a challenging task. The conditions of imprisonment create distinct difficulties for those providing health care in this setting. These particular circumstances have led to a shortage of quality professionals, working for the health of imprisoned people. The aim of this study is to elaborate reasons for healthcare professionals to work in a prison environment. The main research question is: why do healthcare workers choose…
Evaluation of a person-centred, nurse-led model of care delivering hepatitis C testing and treatment in priority settings
Providing outreach hepatitis C services in community-based services was effective in engaging people living with and at-risk of hepatitis C, in education, testing, and care. Nurse-led, person-centred care was critical to the success of the project. Our evaluation underscores the importance of employing a partnership approach when delivering hepatitis C models of care in community settings, and incorporating workforce education and capacity-buildi…
Community development in Chinese commodity housing estates through civic action
In contrast to the ‘community lost’ argument describing the changing local social order in urban China, an increasing amount of local civic action is occurring in newly built Chinese commodity housing estates through the application of local social networks and capital, enabling the development of local community life. On the basis of the key themes underlying local civic action, in this study we develop a theoretical framework linking the applic…
The ethics of semantics in medicine
In this paper, we discuss the largely neglected topic of semantics in medicine and the associated ethical issues. We analyse several key medical terms from the informed perspective of the healthcare professional, the lay perspective of the patient and the patient’s family, and the descriptive perspective of what the term actually signifies objectively. The choice of a particular medical term may deliver different meanings when viewed from these d…
Covid-19 conscience tracing
One of the many problems posed by the collective effort to tackle COVID-19 is non-compliance with restrictions. Some people would like to obey restrictions but cannot due to their job or other life circumstances; others are not good at following rules that restrict their liberty, even if the potential consequences of doing so are repeatedly made very clear to them. Among this group are a minority who simply do not care about the consequences of t…
Withholding conflicts of interest
In this article, I describe and analyse the proposed new International Committee of Medical Journal Editors form for disclosing conflicts of interest and conclude that it has many flaws. The form does not mention ‘conflicts of interest’ even once in either its body or its title, it introduces a conceptually confused categorisation of different potential conflicts and it ignores future conflicts and intellectual biases. Finally, many of the author…
Customary land tenure practices in Ghana
In Ghana, in common with much of sub-Saharan Africa, land is mainly owned communally along ethnotribal and family lines, with designated traditional authorities responsible for its management in their capacity as trustees. Therefore, planning proposals are prepared with the expectation of implementing them on largely communal land, which is private in nature. A recent qualitative study in Ghana established that chiefs and other custodians of cust…
Counterurbanisation and the characteristics of persons migrating to West Cornwall
From development zones to edge urban areas in China
So we started talking about a beach in Barbados
A City Profile of Liverpool
Examining the extent to which stakeholder collaboration during ecotourism planning processes could be applied within an Egyptian context
Assisted suicide for prisoners? Stakeholder and prisoner perspectives
For a wider project on aging in prison, the authors interviewed 35 older prisoners and 24 stakeholders (prison staff, prison healthcare professionals, and policy makers) about healthcare for prisoners. In all, 6 prisoners and 3 stakeholders spontaneously expressed their attitudes concerning assisted suicide. Some prisoners seek assisted suicide for medical reasons and others because they regard spending the rest of their lives in prison as undign…
Investigating Territorial Positioning by Sub-state Territories in Europe
Since the 1990s, much attention has been devoted to exploring the extent to which regions in Europe seek to promote their development by capitalizing upon vertical and horizontal links with other territories and governance scales. In the same period, regional policy in many states has evolved from a traditional ‘redistributive’ model towards more territorialized ‘endogenous’ approaches that aim to foster the intrinsic endowments and capacities fo…
The Indignity of Relative Concepts of Animal Dignity
The Swiss animal welfare legislation is considered to be one of the strictest such laws worldwide. One unique feature is the inclusion of the concept of dignity of the creature and, more precisely, animal dignity. We interviewed 19 people from Switzerland and Germany about their concepts of animal dignity. Thereby, we investigated whether the very specific concept of the Swiss law is reflected in the minds of those who work with nonhuman animals …
British planning policy in transition
Psychosocial Debriefing After Operation Desert Storm
This article provides an overview of and initial empirical findings from a preventive clinical/educational model for psychosocial assessment and intervention with the families of Operation Desert Storm (ODS) veterans. Interview and questionnaire data were obtained (a) 2–6 months after demobilization from ODS from veteran/veteran or veteran/civilian spouse couples who received conjoint time‐limited therapy and veterans from the same Reserve and Na…
Size of Share in Task and Motivation in Work Groups
The Ethics of End-of-Trial Obligations in a Pediatric Malaria Vaccine Trial
This study explores stakeholder experiences and perspectives on end-of-trial obligations at the close of a phase II/III Pediatric Malaria Vaccine Trial (PMVT) [GSK/PATH-MVI RTS, S) (NCT00866619]. We conducted 52 key informant interviews with major stakeholders of an international multicentre PMVT in Ghana and Tanzania. The responses fell into four main themes: (a) Communicating End-of-Trial, (b) Maintaining Health Care Services, (c) Dissemination…
The Opportunity and the Challenge
For over fourty years, Hans Singer has played a major role in the international debate on food aid. His views on food aid as providing an opportunity, as well as challenge to achieving food security for the neediest people in the poorest countries have provided a balanced assessment and reasoned account when much of the criticism of food aid has been based on prejudice, polemical argument and anecdotal evidence. What motivated his interest in foo…
Global Hunger and Food Security after the World Food Summit
Organized by FAO, the World Food Summit—twelfth international conference held under United Nations auspices since 1990—took place in November 1996 in an atmosphere of widespread skepticism. Over two decades after the 1974 World Food Conference, the Summit's Rome Declaration on World Food Security and the World Food Summit Plan of Action substantively reaffirmed the international community's commitment to eradicate hunger affecting more than 800 m…
A future food aid regime
Molière and the Art of Recycling
Size of Share in Task and Motivation in Work Groups
Primary Group Influence on Vocational Choice
Internalization of a Moral Norm and External Supports
A growing theoretical and empirical literature in recent years is concerned with the problems of conformity and deviance in modern society.' This literature supports the position that such loosely descriptive concepts as the folkways and the mores are in themselves inadequate as an approach to the study of social control; the normative structure of our society is simply too heterogeneous. Though we can demonstrate reliable differences in value sy…
Counterurbanisation and the characteristics of persons migrating to West Cornwall
The Hispanic Elderly
The need for more overt integrated rural planning
Molière's Temporary Happy Endings
Journal Article MOLIÈRE'S TEMPORARY HAPPY ENDINGS Get access DAVID SHAW DAVID SHAW UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar French Studies, Volume XLV, Issue 2, April 1991, Pages 129–142, https://doi.org/10.1093/fs/XLV.2.129 Published: 01 April 1991
Aesop
Molière and the Art of Recycling
Psychosocial Debriefing After Operation Desert Storm
This article provides an overview of and initial empirical findings from a preventive clinical/educational model for psychosocial assessment and intervention with the families of Operation Desert Storm (ODS) veterans. Interview and questionnaire data were obtained (a) 2–6 months after demobilization from ODS from veteran/veteran or veteran/civilian spouse couples who received conjoint time‐limited therapy and veterans from the same Reserve and Na…
A future food aid regime
British planning policy in transition
Lewis Mumford and the ecological region
Global Hunger and Food Security after the World Food Summit
Organized by FAO, the World Food Summit—twelfth international conference held under United Nations auspices since 1990—took place in November 1996 in an atmosphere of widespread skepticism. Over two decades after the 1974 World Food Conference, the Summit's Rome Declaration on World Food Security and the World Food Summit Plan of Action substantively reaffirmed the international community's commitment to eradicate hunger affecting more than 800 m…
The Quest for Food Security in the Twenty-First Century
(1998). The Quest for Food Security in the Twenty-First Century. Canadian Journal of Development Studies / Revue canadienne d'études du développement: Vol. 19, The Quest for Food Security in the Twenty-First Century, pp. 9-20
Creative Tensions
The Opportunity and the Challenge
For over fourty years, Hans Singer has played a major role in the international debate on food aid. His views on food aid as providing an opportunity, as well as challenge to achieving food security for the neediest people in the poorest countries have provided a balanced assessment and reasoned account when much of the criticism of food aid has been based on prejudice, polemical argument and anecdotal evidence. What motivated his interest in foo…
European spatial development policy and evolving forms of territorial mobilisation in the United Kingdom
Although the UK is often characterised as one of Europe's classic unitary states, the 1990s saw the emergence of a ‘new territorial governance’ (Roberts, 2000) at the sub-state level, with increase
The cultural turn? Culture change and what it means for spatial planning in England
Too often the culture of planning is reactive and defensive. We want a culture which promotes planning as a positive tool: a culture which grasps the opportunities to improve the experience of plan
Talking the Talk
Discourse and self-perceptions are likely to be related in bidirectional ways. That is, people's self-perceptions are likely to shape their discourse behavior, but their (and their partners') discourse behavior in turn will shape their subsequent self-perceptions. To provide empirical evidence for this proposal, we conducted a study in which pairs of friends (n= 21 pairs) encountered a computer game. One friend played the game while the other obs…
Investigating Territorial Positioning by Sub-state Territories in Europe
Since the 1990s, much attention has been devoted to exploring the extent to which regions in Europe seek to promote their development by capitalizing upon vertical and horizontal links with other territories and governance scales. In the same period, regional policy in many states has evolved from a traditional ‘redistributive’ model towards more territorialized ‘endogenous’ approaches that aim to foster the intrinsic endowments and capacities fo…
Mapping Worlds
So we started talking about a beach in Barbados
New Forms of Sub-regional Governance and Implications for Rural Areas
Across Europe, and beyond, there have been shifts towards reducing state intervention in ‘middle range’ governance spaces, such as regions, and attempts to devolve decision making to the most appropriate (local) level. Consequently, sub-regional scales of working have increasingly been promoted as a means of securing greater spatial equity and economic competitiveness. But whilst significant attention has been placed on the impact of new sub-regi…
Rigour in qualitative case-study research
AIM: To provide examples of a qualitative multiple case study to illustrate the specific strategies that can be used to ensure the credibility, dependability, confirmability and transferability of a study. BACKGROUND: There is increasing recognition of the valuable contribution qualitative research can make to nursing knowledge. However, it is important that the research is conducted in a rigorous manner and that this is demonstrated in the final…
Political science (45 obras) · Medicine (33 obras) · Sociology (31 obras) · Psychology (28 obras) · Law (27 obras) · Business (19 obras) · Computer Science (18 obras) · Economics (18 obras) · Geography (17 obras) · Public relations (12 obras)