Valentine Roux
Biographic Data
| ID | 3790795 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Valentine Roux |
| GIVEN NAMES | Valentine |
| FAMILY NAME | Roux |
| SIGNATURE | ROUX V |
| AFFILIATIONS | Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-9981-9598 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 58 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 512 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 57 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 1 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1990 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 12 |
Monitoring mineralogical and porosity transformations in modern Hebron ceramics caused by salt whitening agent using non-invasive methods
Micro-CT highlights the effects of adding sodium chloride salt on ceramic porosity and the redistribution of pores. • SWIR Hyperspectral Imaging allows the observation of phase changes resulting from variations in ceramic firing temperatures. • SWIR Hyperspectral Imaging presents great potential for determining firing temperatures using non-destructive tools. A field investigation conducted among potters in Hebron (Palestinian Territories) reveal…
Late Chalcolithic and Early Bronze Age IA Settlement Remains at Kafr Kanna, Lower Galilee
Four strata were distinguished at the site: Stratum 4, dating to the Late Chalcolithic period; Strata 3 and 2, to EB IA; and Stratum 1, sub-recent. The Late Chalcolithic remains consisted of a stone surface and an underlying fill, and the EB IA remains included wall segments of three structures: two buildings (Stratum 3) and a wall of a large double-apsed structure (Stratum 2). The technological analysis of the pottery from the site testifies to …
Sociological landscape and evolutionary phenomena: A technological approach to the Neolithic southern Levant ceramic assemblages
Unveiling the sign value of early potter’s wheels based on a 3-D morphometric analysis of Late Chalcolithic vessels from the southern Levant
Mineralogical transformations due to salt whitening agent in modern Hebron ceramics
Cultural transmission and perception of vessel shapes among Hebron potters
Chaîne Opératoire , Technological Networks and Sociological Interpretations
In this paper, I first argue that technological analysis of archaeological assemblages in terms of chaînes opératoires is a privileged qualitative approach to reconstruct technological networks, namely networks of socially linked object-makers. This is a first step before explaining dynamic phenomena such as diffusion of techniques or emergence of shared norms at the population level. The second step is to call upon sociological regularities sinc…
Social signatures in standardized ceramic production - A 3-D approach to ethnographic data
Ceramics and Society: A Technological Approach to Archaeological Assemblages
The Lower Egyptian Culture: New perspectives through the lens of ceramic technology
This study aims at characterising the pottery tradition of the Lower Egyptian Culture to shed new light on the sociological landscape of the Delta region at the beginning of the 4th millennium BC. The analytical method chosen to address this issue is the chaîne opératoire approach as it proved to be particularly well suited to define the local tradition and differentiate it from other productions in Middle/ Upper Egypt and the Levant. The goal is…
The Ghassulian Ceramic Tradition: A Single Chaîne Opératoire Prevalent throughout the Southern Levant
This study examines Ghassulian ceramic assemblages from sites located in various parts of the southern Levant using the chaîne opératoire approach. The goal is to assess whether the Ghassulian communities were loosely integrated or, on the contrary, closely connected to each other. Results show that a single chaîne opératoire was shared at the level of the whole of the southern Levant testifying to its transmission within the same social group. T…
Introduction: Ancient Technology in the Southern Levant
This special issue of JEMAHS, dealing with various aspects of ancient technology in the southern Levant, is dedicated to Nava Panitz-Cohen, our colleague and friend, on the occasion of her 60th birthday. It brings together contributions to a workshop, “In Search of Ancient Technology: A Workshop on the Occasion of Nava Panitz-Cohen's Birthday,” which took place on September 14, 2017 at the French Research Center in Jerusalem.Nava combines unique …
Cost of motor skill adaptation to new craft traits: Experiments with expert potters facing unfamiliar vessel shapes and wheels
Complex Contagions and the Diffusion of Innovations: Evidence from a Small-N Study
Weak Ties and Expertise: Crossing Technological Boundaries
Individuals Among the Pots: How Do Traditional Ceramic Shapes Vary Between Potters
At the crossroad of archeology and experimental psychology, we addressed the issue of interindividual variability in traditional ceramic shapes. The goal was to explore whether such variability could imply potter signatures. We set up a field experiment with 5 expert Nepalese potters, asking them to produce 3 shapes (replicated 5 times). The 2D profiles of the experimental productions were analyzed with a shape analysis method borrowed from biolo…
Social Boundaries and Networks in the Diffusion of Innovations: A Short Introduction
Persisting technological boundaries: Social interactions, cognitive correlations and polarization
Not to throw the baby out with the bathwater. A response to Gosselain's article
In a provocative article published recently in Archaeological dialogues (23(2)), Olivier Gosselain proposes ‘to get rid of ethnoarchaeology once and for all, and join forces with other, more serious, disciplines’. In this reaction article, I challenge Gosselain's sweeping statements about ethnoarcaheology. In particular I argue against the notion that methodological weakness is unique to ethnoarchaeology, that the questions under study ignore the…
The innovation of the potter's wheel: A comparative perspective between Mesopotamia and the southern Levant
The southern Levant and northern Mesopotamia are two areas in which the potter's wheel seems to have appeared independently. New data enable us to undertake a comparison between both regions. As a result, it appears that in both regions the context of production of the first wheel-made vessels was very similar. Wheel-coiled bowls were made by craft specialists attached to some kind of elite and responding to the demand of this same elite for fine…
Des céramiques et des hommes: Décoder les assemblages archéologiques
L’objectif de cet ouvrage est de fournir aux archéologues, étudiants et chercheurs, un cadre théorique et méthodologique pour étudier les assemblages céramiques. Ce cadre est fondé sur l’approche technologique qui, à travers le concept de chaîne opératoire, ambitionne une lecture anthropologique des objets archéologiques. Pour mettre en œuvre cette lecture, l’auteur propose une stratégie de recherche originale dont l’exposé est au cœur de ce manu…
Évolution technologique et morpho-stylistique des assemblages céramiques de Tell Arqa (Liban, 3e millénaire av. J.-C.): Stabilité sociologique et changements culturels
The site of Tell Arqa, in Northern Lebanon, displays a continuous sequence covering the entire 3rd millennium, which attests major economic and socio-cultural changes affecting the entire plain of Akkar around 2500 BC. In order to understand whether these changes testify to a form of historical continuity or mark anthropological ruptures, related to sociological or population changes, the Bronze Age ceramic assemblages have been studied by combin…
Standardization of ceramic assemblages: Transmission mechanisms and diffusion of morpho-functional traits across social boundaries
Copying errors of potters from three cultures: Predictable directions for a so-called random phenomenon
Introduction to Discontinuities and Continuities: Theories, Methods and Proxies for a Historical and Sociological Approach to Evolution of Past Societies
Skills and learning difficulties involved in stone knapping: The case of stone-bead knapping in Khambhat, India
Skills involved in the knapping of Harappan long carnelian beads are studied in order to assess their value as well as knappers' socio‐economic status. Skills are studied by reference to present‐day bead knapping in Khambhat, India. They are examined from the way actors are able to handle the complexity of the task and achieve it. They are analyzed in terms of learning difficulties and duration of apprenticeship. The methodology followed is prope…
Identification of wheel throwing on the basis of ceramic surface features and microfabrics
Identification of Wheel-fashioning Methods: Technological Analysis of 4th–3rdMillenniumBCOriental Ceramics
Standardization of ceramic assemblages: Transmission mechanisms and diffusion of morpho-functional traits across social boundaries
Ceramic Standardization and Intensity of Production: Quantifying Degrees of Specialization
The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between metric variability of ceramic vessels of a single type and intensity of production. This relationship is examined on the basis of vessels made by Indian and Spanish potters whose rates of production vary from low to high. Results are compared with Filipino data to embrace different cultures and therefore possibly different emic conceptions of standardization. We conclude that rate of pr…
Spreading of Innovative Technical Traits and Cumulative Technical Evolution: Continuity or Discontinuity
Ethnoarchaeology: A Non Historical Science of Reference Necessary for Interpreting the Past
Cornaline de l’Inde: Des pratiques techniques de Cambay aux techno-systèmes de l'Indus
Les sites archéologiques de la vallée de l'Indus en témoignent : l'artisanal des perles en cornaline remonte à plusieurs millénaires. De nos jours, il se pratique encore dans quelques rares endroits comme en Inde dans la ville de Cambay (Gujarat) qui offre au chercheur une occasion unique de construire des référentiels. Dans ce but, des méthodes d'enquête appropriées ont été élaborées. Elles aboutissent à des régies interprétatives portant sur le…
Complex Contagions and the Diffusion of Innovations: Evidence from a Small-N Study
Social signatures in standardized ceramic production - A 3-D approach to ethnographic data
Individuals Among the Pots: How Do Traditional Ceramic Shapes Vary Between Potters
At the crossroad of archeology and experimental psychology, we addressed the issue of interindividual variability in traditional ceramic shapes. The goal was to explore whether such variability could imply potter signatures. We set up a field experiment with 5 expert Nepalese potters, asking them to produce 3 shapes (replicated 5 times). The 2D profiles of the experimental productions were analyzed with a shape analysis method borrowed from biolo…
Introduction to Discontinuities and Continuities: Theories, Methods and Proxies for a Historical and Sociological Approach to Evolution of Past Societies
A proxy of potters’ throwing skill: Ceramic vessels considered in terms of mechanical stress
Les Bols élaborés au tour d'Abu Hamid: Rupture technique au 4e millénaire avant J.-C. dans le Levant-Sud
In the Southern Levant, during the 4th millennium ВС, a new morpho-technical ceramic type appears : the bowls with a « V » profile. These bowls are present in the upper levels of the site of Abu Hamid. A technological analysis, both of surface features and microfabrics, has enabled us to reconstruct the manufacturing process, to identify centres of production and to propose hypotheses about their function. The bowls with a «V» profile were shaped…
Cultural transmission and perception of vessel shapes among Hebron potters
Weak Ties and Expertise: Crossing Technological Boundaries
Social Boundaries and Networks in the Diffusion of Innovations: A Short Introduction
The Ghassulian Ceramic Tradition: A Single Chaîne Opératoire Prevalent throughout the Southern Levant
This study examines Ghassulian ceramic assemblages from sites located in various parts of the southern Levant using the chaîne opératoire approach. The goal is to assess whether the Ghassulian communities were loosely integrated or, on the contrary, closely connected to each other. Results show that a single chaîne opératoire was shared at the level of the whole of the southern Levant testifying to its transmission within the same social group. T…
The Late Chalcolithic to Early Bronze Age I Transition in the Southern Levant: Determining Continuity and Discontinuity or “Mind the Gap
La question de la transition entre le Chalcolithique final et le Bronze ancien I dans le sud Levant fait l’objet de nombreux débats depuis maintenant plusieurs décennies. Le volume qui lui est consacré ici est destiné à faire état de nouvelles données archéologiques qui permettent d’en renouveler les réponses. On rappellera au préalable les principales étapes de la recherche sur le sujet. Ces étapes ont été déterminées par l’état des connaissance…
Continuity and Discontinuity in the Shephela (Israel) between the Late Chalcolithic and the Early Bronze I: The Modi’in “Deep Deposits” Ceramic assemblages as a case study
Modi’in, located in the centre of Israel, is one of the rare sites presenting a sequence of occupations covering the end of the 5th millenium and the first half of the 4th millennium BC. The technological study of the ceramic assemblages enables us to re-examine the difficult question of continuity and/ or discontinuity between the Late Chalcolithic and the earliest Early Bronze Age I cultures in this region. Results show that between the end of …
Tailles des perles et spécialisation artisanale: Enquête ethnoarchéologique dans le Gujarat
Specialisation technique, economique et sociale de la taille des pierres d'agate et de cornaline : analyse de la chaine de production, de la technique elle-meme, de la differenciation des produits en trois groupes qui correspondent a trois groupes specifiques d'artisans. Competences, performances, apprentissage; le degre de technicite est lie au temps d'apprentissage
Not to throw the baby out with the bathwater. A response to Gosselain's article
In a provocative article published recently in Archaeological dialogues (23(2)), Olivier Gosselain proposes ‘to get rid of ethnoarchaeology once and for all, and join forces with other, more serious, disciplines’. In this reaction article, I challenge Gosselain's sweeping statements about ethnoarcaheology. In particular I argue against the notion that methodological weakness is unique to ethnoarchaeology, that the questions under study ignore the…
Faciliter la consultation de textes scientifiques: Nouvelles pratiques éditoriales …
Le programme logiciste, préconisé par J.-C. Gardin, propose de restituer l’architecture de nos constructions scientifiques sous forme de schématisations. Ces schématisations sont des arborescences où sont énoncées les principales composantes de nos constructions, à savoir les bases de faits, les conclusions et les propositions intermédiaires reliant les premières aux secondes. Lorsqu’elles sont jouées sur multimédia et mises en scène sur 4 écrans…
Unveiling the sign value of early potter’s wheels based on a 3-D morphometric analysis of Late Chalcolithic vessels from the southern Levant
Sociological landscape and evolutionary phenomena: A technological approach to the Neolithic southern Levant ceramic assemblages
Tailles des perles et spécialisation artisanale: Enquête ethnoarchéologique dans le Gujarat
Specialisation technique, economique et sociale de la taille des pierres d'agate et de cornaline : analyse de la chaine de production, de la technique elle-meme, de la differenciation des produits en trois groupes qui correspondent a trois groupes specifiques d'artisans. Competences, performances, apprentissage; le degre de technicite est lie au temps d'apprentissage
Les objets dans l’action: De la maison au laboratoire
En quoi les objets méritent-ils la sollicitude dont ils bénéficient aujourd'hui de la part des sciences sociales et des sciences cognitives ? Longtemps, l'analyse sociale et l'analyse psychologique ont été peu disposées à leur concéder les titres qu'elles conféraient à des entités plus distinguées – les personnes, l'esprit, les systèmes symboliques, les structures sociales, la culture, etc. Elles les ont traités sous les catégories de l'instrumen…
Identification of wheel throwing on the basis of ceramic surface features and microfabrics
Skills and learning difficulties involved in stone knapping: The case of stone-bead knapping in Khambhat, India
Skills involved in the knapping of Harappan long carnelian beads are studied in order to assess their value as well as knappers' socio‐economic status. Skills are studied by reference to present‐day bead knapping in Khambhat, India. They are examined from the way actors are able to handle the complexity of the task and achieve it. They are analyzed in terms of learning difficulties and duration of apprenticeship. The methodology followed is prope…
Cognition et archéologie: Habiletés impliquées dans les techniques du passé
The study of motor and cognitive skills involved in ancient techniques depicts an anthropological approach which is especially heuristic. Skills are studied, in a current context, according to the methodologies developed by experimental psychology. The goal is to highlight some universal principles in order to interpret, by reference to the present, the skills practiced locally by ancient groups
Les Bols élaborés au tour d'Abu Hamid: Rupture technique au 4e millénaire avant J.-C. dans le Levant-Sud
In the Southern Levant, during the 4th millennium ВС, a new morpho-technical ceramic type appears : the bowls with a « V » profile. These bowls are present in the upper levels of the site of Abu Hamid. A technological analysis, both of surface features and microfabrics, has enabled us to reconstruct the manufacturing process, to identify centres of production and to propose hypotheses about their function. The bowls with a «V» profile were shaped…
Identification of Wheel-fashioning Methods: Technological Analysis of 4th–3rdMillenniumBCOriental Ceramics
Les perles en cornaline harappéennes: Pratiques techniques et techno-système
Dans les chapitres précédents, des référentiels ont été élaborés pour interpréter les perles en calcédoine en termes de pratiques techniques et de techno-systèmes. Ces référentiels sont ici appliqués aux données archéologiques du monde harappéen. Celui-ci couvre un territoire considérable, correspondant, à l’heure actuelle, au Pakistan et au Nord-Ouest de l’Inde (Rajasthan et Gujarat) (voir fig. 1). Il se caractérise, entre autres traits, par un …
The techno-system of carnelian beads: Modelling of complex systems of production by the analysis of activities
To interpret the general organization of Harappan stone production, a quantitative model has been designed based on Cambay data. Its purpose is to ascertain an indication of the Harappan annual bead production and the number of workers involved, based on the number of beads found at different sites. The ultimate goal is to investigate the techno-economic organization of stone-bead makers in the Indus Valley (see Chapter 7).
Harappan carnelian beads: Technical practices and techno-system
In order to re-construct the Harappan stone-bead techno-system, the model based on Cambay data (see Chapter 6) was first modified according to the specificities of the archaeological data.In particular, the ancient polishing procedures were different from the present-day ones. We had therefore to consider techniques practiced in Cambay prior to the introduction of electricity as well as those traditional operations still
Introduction: Des perles pour rêver…
Quoi de plus évocateur que des parures antiques ? Retrouvées sous forme de perles isolées, de colliers ou de bracelets, elles font référence à des objets qui, dans nos sociétés, ont encore un rôle ornemental et symbolique, de statut social ou de croyances. Nombreux sont les documents historiques ou ethnographiques témoignant des charges politiques, religieuses, rituelles ou sociales relatives aux parures. Elles symbolisent le monde. « Leur grande…
Drilling Chalcedony beads: A mechanical approach of Harappan techniques
Starting at the technical stage of perforation, an object may be qualified as a bead, meaning it is an object that is pierced and threaded. At Cambay, the perforation of beads is carried out by traditional techniques, while utilizing a “modern” material: diamond. During the Harappan period, 12-centimeter long carnelian beads were pierced. An understanding of the techniques used to perforate these beads interests the study of both the general hist…
Introduction: Beads to dream about…
What is more evocative than ancient body ornaments? Found in the form of isolated beads, necklaces or bracelets, they represent objects that continue to play an ornamental or symbolic role in our society, representing social status and beliefs. Numerous historic and ethnographic documents provide evidence for the political, religious, ritual and social functions associated with body ornaments. They symbolize the world. “Their great variability in…
Habiletés impliquées dans la taille des perles en calcédoine: Caractéristiques motrices et cognitives d’une action située complexe
Introduction Qui dit technique, dit geste, le geste de l’artisan issu d’une tradition et répondant efficacement à une demande. En archéologie, identifier le geste technique n’est pas anodin dès lors qu’il est étudié en termes d’habiletés développées par un groupe culturel. Son étude doit permettre d’aborder des problématiques majeures comme la dynamique des évolutions techniques ou l’organisation des systèmes socio-économiques anciens. En effet, …
Identifying polishing techniques of chalcedony beads through microscopic analysis and measurement of roughness
The final stage of stone-bead manufacture implies their polishing. This corresponds to a sequence of different procedures, often called in the archaeological literature “grinding”, “polishing” and “shining”. These procedures represent the most significant and time-consuming part of the manufacturing process of stone beads. Their identification on the archaeological beads is thus necessary for the elaboration of hypotheses concerning the general o…
Contexte historique et ethnographique
La ville de Cambay (Khambhat) Cambay, ainsi nommée avant l’indépendance de l’Inde et connue depuis sous le nom de Khambhat, est une ville du Gujarat située à l’embouchure de la rivière Mahi, à la pointe nord-est du golfe de Cambay (fig. 1). D’après V.A. Janaki (1980), sa position privilégiée laisse supposer qu’elle fut fondée dès la haute Antiquité. Tout au long de son histoire, elle assura non seulement un débouché sur la mer aux différentes pro…
Le système techno-économique des perles de cornaline: Modélisation des systèmes complexes de production par l’analyse d’activités
Introduction Ce chapitre a pour objet d’étude la modélisation, par l’analyse d’activités, du système complexe de production des perles de Cambay. Le but est la construction d’un référentiel qui permette d’interpréter le nombre de perles archéologiques en termes de nombre d’artisans afin de s’interroger, ensuite, sur l’organisation de la production. L’application du référentiel sur les données archéologiques est traitée dans le chapitre 7. La cons…
Skills involved in the knapping of chalcedony beads: Motor and cognitive characteristics of a complex situated action
Compared to pre-Harappan stone beads, Harappan beads are characterized by a great diversity of shapes, as well as by their large dimensions. They include pieces whose length can reach 12 centimeters, whereas the length of pre-Harappan pieces is never over 3 centimeters.Now, it is a general rule that apprentices learn by reproducing what the master teaches. They never learn by innovating whatever the context of apprentices
Identification des techniques de finition des perles en calcédoine par l’analyse microscopique et rugosimétrique
La forme et l’aspect définitif des perles en calcédoine taillées sont obtenus au cours d’opérations de finition généralement appelées, dans la littérature archéologique, opérations de polissage. Celles-ci représentent la part temporelle la plus importante du processus de fabrication global des perles en calcédoine. Dès lors, leur identification, sur des perles anciennes, représente un véritable enjeu archéologique qui dépasse la seule histoire de…
Épilogue
Je suis retournée à Cambay en décembre 1998. 50 % des ateliers avaient cessé toute activité... D’une certaine manière, leur disparition était annoncée. Toutefois, comment ne pas s’inquiéter d’avoir omis des enregistrements alors disponibles ? Lors des terrains précédents, nos prises de position avaient été résolument « non maussiennes » : aucune ambition d’étudier le fait social total, mais au contraire celle d’analyser des pratiques techniques i…
Historical and ethnographical context
Khambhat, more commonly known as Cambay (name given before India's independence), is a city of the Gujarat region which is located at the northeast end of the Cambay gulf Throughout its history, not only did it provide an outlet onto the sea for neighbouring provinces, it also was a link between the inlands and the Saurashtra region. Its harbour made it a prosperous city whose economic zenith, marked by international trade, was between the 11th a…
Epilogue
I returned to Cambay in December 1998. Fifty percent of the workshops had ceased all activity... In a certain way, their disappearance was to be expected. Nonetheless, how could we not be concerned about having neglected to collect certain data that were no longer available? During preceding field seasons, our position had been resolutely “non-Maussian”: we had no ambition to study the total social fact; on the contrary, we planned to analyze tec…
Cornaline de l’Inde: Des pratiques techniques de Cambay aux techno-systèmes de l'Indus
Les sites archéologiques de la vallée de l'Indus en témoignent : l'artisanal des perles en cornaline remonte à plusieurs millénaires. De nos jours, il se pratique encore dans quelques rares endroits comme en Inde dans la ville de Cambay (Gujarat) qui offre au chercheur une occasion unique de construire des référentiels. Dans ce but, des méthodes d'enquête appropriées ont été élaborées. Elles aboutissent à des régies interprétatives portant sur le…
A Dynamic Systems Framework for Studying Technological Change: Application to the Emergence of the Potter's Wheel in the Southern Levant
Ceramic Standardization and Intensity of Production: Quantifying Degrees of Specialization
The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between metric variability of ceramic vessels of a single type and intensity of production. This relationship is examined on the basis of vessels made by Indian and Spanish potters whose rates of production vary from low to high. Results are compared with Filipino data to embrace different cultures and therefore possibly different emic conceptions of standardization. We conclude that rate of pr…
Geography (25 works) · Archaeology (24 works) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (23 works) · History (21 works) · Computer Science (17 works) · Art (16 works) · Sociology (15 works) · History (13 works) · Humanities (11 works) · Language and cultural evolution (11 works)