Ronald A Brooks
Biographic Data
| ID | 3804770 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Ronald A Brooks |
| GIVEN NAMES | Ronald A |
| FAMILY NAME | Brooks |
| SIGNATURE | BROOKS R A |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of California, Los Angeles |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-1928-3720 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 32 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 32 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 32 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2004 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
Comparison of intersectional stigma assessment strategies for Black and Latino gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men.
Correlates of PrEP Cascade Outcomes Among Immigrant Latino Men Who Have Sex with Men
HIV disparities among U.S. Latino men who have sex with men (LMSM) persist alongside lower PrEP use. We examined correlates of PrEP cascade outcomes among 287 cisgender immigrant LMSM. PrEP conspiracy beliefs were negatively associated with HIV testing (OR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.59–0.99, p =.04); knowing a PrEP user was positively associated (OR = 3.09, CI: 1.81–5.28, p p p =.02), multiple sexual partners (belief: OR = 2.06, CI: 1.02–4.16, p =.04; pla…
Recommendations from Black gay and bisexual men for developing a public health campaign to promote awareness of long-acting injectable PrEP within their community
Public health campaigns offer one strategy for promoting awareness and acceptability of HIV prevention options among at-risk populations. Four focus groups were conducted with Black gay and bisexual men to elicit their recommendations on developing a public health campaign to promote awareness of long-acting injectable PrEP in the USA. Participants offered suggestions about the content they wanted to see included in a campaign, and how it should …
Developing implementation strategies to enhance PrEP delivery to immigrant Latino men who have sex with men using concept mapping
In the United States, immigrant Latino men who have sex with men (ILMSM) are disproportionately impacted by HIV. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an effective HIV prevention strategy; however, ILMSM experience barriers to accessing PrEP. To address these barriers, we used concept mapping to identify and prioritize innovative and culturally centered strategies to improve service delivery to ILMSM in Los Angeles County. Community experts brainsto…
Randomized Controlled Trial of a Group Cognitive Behavior Therapy HIV Prevention Intervention for Immigrant Latino Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men who Have Sex with Men
Latino gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (LGBMSM) are disproportionally affected by HIV in the U.S. We tested a culturally tailored community-based group HIV prevention intervention ("Siempre Seguiré") for immigrant LGBMSM that uses cognitive behavior therapy to address coping with intersectional stigma and medical mistrust. A total of 289 immigrant LGBMSM were randomized (144 control, 145 intervention) and completed surveys at b…
Acceptability and appropriateness of information sessions to increase knowledge and awareness of PrEP and TelePrEP among Latina Women
Women of color are disproportionately impacted by HIV. Although PrEP effectively prevents HIV infection, PrEP coverage and knowledge remain low in this population. To address barriers to PrEP, we implemented women-centered and culturally appropriate Information Sessions (IS) delivered by staff from the population they serve to increase knowledge, awareness, and use of PrEP through telemedicine (e.g., PlushCare). Our analysis focuses on Latina wom…
Advancing Patient Navigation for HIV
Barriers and Facilitators to Accessing PrEP and Other Sexual Health Services Among Immigrant Latino Men Who Have Sex with Men in Los Angeles County
In the United States, immigrant Latino men who have sex with men (ILMSM) are, compared to white MSM, disproportionately burdened by HIV and lack access to highly effective HIV prevention strategies, such as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Qualitative research centered on exploring barriers that ILMSM experience in accessing PrEP and other sexual services is extremely limited, despite a high prevalence of HIV in this population. In this study, a …
HIV Disclosure Practices to Family Among Mexican and Puerto Rican Sexual Minority Men with HIV in the Continental USA
Disclosing a seropositive HIV status still is a complex process of assessing the risks, benefits, and potential personal and interpersonal outcomes associated with disclosure, such as stigma, rejection, or emotional support. We examined HIV disclosure practices to family and intersectional stigma related to HIV and sexual orientation among Latino sexual minority men (LSMM) of Mexican and Puerto Rican origin with HIV in the continental USA. Guided…
Does HIV Stigma Predict Social Networks Over Time
Delivering PrEP to adults with “low” or “no” HIV risk and youth
Health care providers have an important role to play in expanding PrEP uptake to populations disproportionately burdened by HIV. In this study, in-depth, semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with 20 PrEP providers in Los Angeles, California to explore their experiences and perspectives prescribing PrEP. Overall, the findings indicate that providers generally adhered to US CDC clinical guidelines in determining PrEP eligibility. H…
US public charge policy and Latinx immigrants’ thoughts about health and healthcare utilization
Participants were acutely aware of the image of immigrants as public charges or potential burdens on government resources that underlies US immigration policy. In some cases, participants came to inaccurate and potentially harmful conclusions about the substance of laws and regulations based on their beliefs about the government's rejection of immigrants who may burden public resources. This underscores the importance of ensuring that immigrants …
An Expanded Definition of Intersectional Stigma for Public Health Research and Praxis
Barriers and motivators to pre-exposure prophylaxis uptake among Black and Latina transgender women in Los Angeles
The purpose of this qualitative study was to identify barriers and motivators to PrEP uptake from the perspective of Black and Latina transgender women (TW) who are currently using PrEP to suggest intervention and outreach activities to increase PrEP uptake in this population. The Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills Model guided the development of the semi-structured interview guide. A thematic analysis approach was used to analyze the data.…
“Holidays Come, Sundays Come. It is Very Sad to be Alone”
Persistent stigmatizing and negative perceptions of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) users
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates the lifetime HIV risk is one in four for Latino men who have sex with men (MSM). Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) is an efficacious biomedical prevention strategy to help prevent the acquisition of HIV. At present, there has been limited uptake of PrEP by Latino MSM. Unfortunately, the negative perceptions and social stigma surrounding PrEP and those who use it may deter uptake of this…
Predictors of Awareness, Accessibility and Acceptability of Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Among English- and Spanish-Speaking Latino Men Who have Sex with Men in Los Angeles, California
Experiences of Anticipated and Enacted Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Stigma Among Latino MSM in Los Angeles
Experiences of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP)–Related Stigma among Black MSM PrEP Users in Los Angeles
From Theory to Application
Assessing willingness to test for HIV among men who have sex with men using conjoint analysis, evidence for uptake of the FDA-approved at-home HIV test
Men who have sex with men (MSM) in the USA, represent a vulnerable population with lower rates of HIV testing. There are various specific attributes of HIV testing that may impact willingness to test (WTT) for HIV. Identifying specific attributes influencing patients' decisions around WTT for HIV is critical to ensure improved HIV testing uptake. This study examined WTT for HIV by using conjoint analysis, an innovative method for systematically e…
Sexual Risk Behaviors and Acceptability of HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Among HIV-Negative Gay and Bisexual Men in Serodiscordant Relationships
The objective of this mixed methods study was to examine current sexual risk behaviors, acceptability and potential adoption of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention, and sexual behavior intentions with PrEP adoption among HIV-negative gay and bisexual men (GBM) in HIV serodiscordant relationships. A multiracial/ethnic sample of 25 HIV-negative GBM in serodiscordant relationships completed a qualitative interview and a brief intervie…
Motivators, concerns, and barriers to adoption of preexposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention among gay and bisexual men in HIV-serodiscordant male relationships
The purpose of this study was to identify factors that may facilitate or impede future adoption of preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention among gay and bisexual men in HIV-serodiscordant relationships. This qualitative study utilized semistructured interviews conducted with a multiracial/-ethnic sample of 25 gay and bisexual HIV-serodiscordant male couples (n=50 individuals) recruited from community settings in Los Angeles, CA. A modif…
Framing Male Circumcision to Promote its Adoption in Different Settings
The effectiveness of male circumcision in preventing transmission of HIV from females to males has been established. Those who are now advocating its widespread use face many challenges in convincing policy-makers and the public of circumcision's value. We suggest that frames are a useful lens for communicating public health messages that may help promote adoption of circumcision. Frames relate to how individuals and societies perceive and unders…
Strategies Used in the Detection of Acute/Early HIV Infections. The Nimh Multisite Acute HIV Infection Study
Acute/early HIV infection plays a critical role in onward HIV transmission. Detection of HIV infections during this period provides an important early opportunity to offer interventions which may prevent further transmission. In six US cities, persons with acute/early HIV infection were identified using either HIV RNA testing of pooled sera from persons screened HIV antibody negative or through clinical referral of persons with acute or early inf…
An Expanded Definition of Intersectional Stigma for Public Health Research and Praxis
Experiences of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP)–Related Stigma among Black MSM PrEP Users in Los Angeles
Finding Homeless Youth
A census of homeless youth was conducted in locations across Los Angeles County, California. Building on previous research that has focused on homeless youth in cruise areas, the authors examined demographic and behavioral differences between homeless youth in cruise and noncruise areas. Youth in cruise areas were more likely than youth in noncruise areas to be older, to have been away from home longer, to have recently visited community-based ag…
US public charge policy and Latinx immigrants’ thoughts about health and healthcare utilization
Participants were acutely aware of the image of immigrants as public charges or potential burdens on government resources that underlies US immigration policy. In some cases, participants came to inaccurate and potentially harmful conclusions about the substance of laws and regulations based on their beliefs about the government's rejection of immigrants who may burden public resources. This underscores the importance of ensuring that immigrants …
Perceived barriers to employment among persons living with HIV/Aids
This study examined factors associated with contemplating returning to work among unemployed persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA) in a large urban city in the United States. A mailed, self-administered survey gathered information from 757 unemployed PLHA. Chi-square and logistic regression analyses were used to determine associations between contemplating returning to work and sociodemographic characteristics, health factors and perceived barriers…
Preventing HIV Among Latino and African American Gay and Bisexual Men in a Context of HIV-Related Stigma, Discrimination, and Homophobia
HIV-related stigma, discrimination, and homophobia impede community-based efforts to combat HIV disease among Latino and African American gay and bisexual men. This commentary highlights ways to address these social biases in communities of color in Los Angeles, California, from the perspectives of staff from HIV prevention programs. Information was collected from HIV prevention program staff participating in a 2-day symposium. The outcomes from …
Finding Homeless Youth
A census of homeless youth was conducted in locations across Los Angeles County, California. Building on previous research that has focused on homeless youth in cruise areas, the authors examined demographic and behavioral differences between homeless youth in cruise and noncruise areas. Youth in cruise areas were more likely than youth in noncruise areas to be older, to have been away from home longer, to have recently visited community-based ag…
HIV vaccine trial preparedness among Spanish-speaking Latinos in the US
Latinos are under-represented in HIV/AIDS medical research in the US. Although they are disproportionately impacted by HIV/AIDS, Latinos may be reluctant to participate in HIV vaccine trials. Three focus groups were conducted with 32 Spanish-speaking Latinos recruited from two community-based healthcare organizations in Los Angeles, California. A qualitative focus group interview guide was developed to explore concerns, motivators and intentions …
HIV vaccine acceptability among immigrant Thai residents in Los Angeles
This study examined HIV vaccine acceptability among immigrant Thai residents in Los Angeles, California. We combined a qualitative research method (focus groups) with an innovative market research method (conjoint analysis). Focus groups explored social issues, concerns, barriers and motivators associated with HIV vaccine acceptability. Conjoint analysis was used to assess preferences among eight hypothetical HIV vaccines with varying attribute p…
Strategies Used in the Detection of Acute/Early HIV Infections. The Nimh Multisite Acute HIV Infection Study
Acute/early HIV infection plays a critical role in onward HIV transmission. Detection of HIV infections during this period provides an important early opportunity to offer interventions which may prevent further transmission. In six US cities, persons with acute/early HIV infection were identified using either HIV RNA testing of pooled sera from persons screened HIV antibody negative or through clinical referral of persons with acute or early inf…
Behavior Change Following Diagnosis with Acute/Early HIV Infection—A Move to Serosorting with Other HIV-Infected Individuals. The Nimh Multisite Acute HIV Infection Study
Risk reductions behaviors are especially important during acute/early HIV infection, a period of high transmission risk. We examined how sexual behaviors changed following diagnosis of acute/early HIV infection. Twenty-eight individuals completed structured surveys and in-depth interviews shortly after learning of their infection and 2 months later. Quantitative analyses revealed significant changes after diagnosis, including reductions in total …
Male Circumcision and HIV Prevention
Now that male circumcision has been shown to have a protective effect for men against HIV infection when engaging in vaginal intercourse with HIV-infected women, the research focus needs to shift towards the operational studies that can pave the way for effective implementation of circumcision programs. Behavioral research is needed to find out how people perceive the procedure and the barriers to and facilitators of uptake. It should also assess…
Framing Male Circumcision to Promote its Adoption in Different Settings
The effectiveness of male circumcision in preventing transmission of HIV from females to males has been established. Those who are now advocating its widespread use face many challenges in convincing policy-makers and the public of circumcision's value. We suggest that frames are a useful lens for communicating public health messages that may help promote adoption of circumcision. Frames relate to how individuals and societies perceive and unders…
Motivators, concerns, and barriers to adoption of preexposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention among gay and bisexual men in HIV-serodiscordant male relationships
The purpose of this study was to identify factors that may facilitate or impede future adoption of preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention among gay and bisexual men in HIV-serodiscordant relationships. This qualitative study utilized semistructured interviews conducted with a multiracial/-ethnic sample of 25 gay and bisexual HIV-serodiscordant male couples (n=50 individuals) recruited from community settings in Los Angeles, CA. A modif…
Sexual Risk Behaviors and Acceptability of HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Among HIV-Negative Gay and Bisexual Men in Serodiscordant Relationships
The objective of this mixed methods study was to examine current sexual risk behaviors, acceptability and potential adoption of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention, and sexual behavior intentions with PrEP adoption among HIV-negative gay and bisexual men (GBM) in HIV serodiscordant relationships. A multiracial/ethnic sample of 25 HIV-negative GBM in serodiscordant relationships completed a qualitative interview and a brief intervie…
Assessing willingness to test for HIV among men who have sex with men using conjoint analysis, evidence for uptake of the FDA-approved at-home HIV test
Men who have sex with men (MSM) in the USA, represent a vulnerable population with lower rates of HIV testing. There are various specific attributes of HIV testing that may impact willingness to test (WTT) for HIV. Identifying specific attributes influencing patients' decisions around WTT for HIV is critical to ensure improved HIV testing uptake. This study examined WTT for HIV by using conjoint analysis, an innovative method for systematically e…
From Theory to Application
Persistent stigmatizing and negative perceptions of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) users
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates the lifetime HIV risk is one in four for Latino men who have sex with men (MSM). Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) is an efficacious biomedical prevention strategy to help prevent the acquisition of HIV. At present, there has been limited uptake of PrEP by Latino MSM. Unfortunately, the negative perceptions and social stigma surrounding PrEP and those who use it may deter uptake of this…
Predictors of Awareness, Accessibility and Acceptability of Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Among English- and Spanish-Speaking Latino Men Who have Sex with Men in Los Angeles, California
Experiences of Anticipated and Enacted Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Stigma Among Latino MSM in Los Angeles
Experiences of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP)–Related Stigma among Black MSM PrEP Users in Los Angeles
“Holidays Come, Sundays Come. It is Very Sad to be Alone”
Barriers and motivators to pre-exposure prophylaxis uptake among Black and Latina transgender women in Los Angeles
The purpose of this qualitative study was to identify barriers and motivators to PrEP uptake from the perspective of Black and Latina transgender women (TW) who are currently using PrEP to suggest intervention and outreach activities to increase PrEP uptake in this population. The Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills Model guided the development of the semi-structured interview guide. A thematic analysis approach was used to analyze the data.…
Does HIV Stigma Predict Social Networks Over Time
Delivering PrEP to adults with “low” or “no” HIV risk and youth
Health care providers have an important role to play in expanding PrEP uptake to populations disproportionately burdened by HIV. In this study, in-depth, semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with 20 PrEP providers in Los Angeles, California to explore their experiences and perspectives prescribing PrEP. Overall, the findings indicate that providers generally adhered to US CDC clinical guidelines in determining PrEP eligibility. H…
US public charge policy and Latinx immigrants’ thoughts about health and healthcare utilization
Participants were acutely aware of the image of immigrants as public charges or potential burdens on government resources that underlies US immigration policy. In some cases, participants came to inaccurate and potentially harmful conclusions about the substance of laws and regulations based on their beliefs about the government's rejection of immigrants who may burden public resources. This underscores the importance of ensuring that immigrants …
An Expanded Definition of Intersectional Stigma for Public Health Research and Praxis
HIV Disclosure Practices to Family Among Mexican and Puerto Rican Sexual Minority Men with HIV in the Continental USA
Disclosing a seropositive HIV status still is a complex process of assessing the risks, benefits, and potential personal and interpersonal outcomes associated with disclosure, such as stigma, rejection, or emotional support. We examined HIV disclosure practices to family and intersectional stigma related to HIV and sexual orientation among Latino sexual minority men (LSMM) of Mexican and Puerto Rican origin with HIV in the continental USA. Guided…
Acceptability and appropriateness of information sessions to increase knowledge and awareness of PrEP and TelePrEP among Latina Women
Women of color are disproportionately impacted by HIV. Although PrEP effectively prevents HIV infection, PrEP coverage and knowledge remain low in this population. To address barriers to PrEP, we implemented women-centered and culturally appropriate Information Sessions (IS) delivered by staff from the population they serve to increase knowledge, awareness, and use of PrEP through telemedicine (e.g., PlushCare). Our analysis focuses on Latina wom…
Medicine (28 works) · HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions (26 works) · Family medicine (21 works) · Psychology (21 works) · HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk (16 works) · Public health (15 works) · Environmental health (14 works) · Men who have sex with men (14 works) · Political science (14 works) · Nursing (13 works)