R Penn
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 38089 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | R Penn |
| NOMBRES | R |
| APELLIDO | Penn |
| FIRMA | PENN R |
| AFILIACIONES | Lancaster University |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-0206-422X |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 53 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 142 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 53 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1975 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2021 |
| ÍNDICE H | 8 |
Social stratification
‘Social Stratification, Past, Present, and Future’ celebrates the 50th anniversary of the annual Cambridge Social Stratification Seminar. This editorial presents a brief characterisation of the ‘Cambridge school’ approach that has featured prominently through the seminar’s lifetime. Then it discusses the domains and topics explored in this issue – education; intergenerational transmission of inequality; family, work and employment; occupations; m…
New ways of exploring the changing nature of work
The paper assesses new ways of exploring the changing nature of work as an essential part of developing contemporary social stratification research. This combination was a key feature of the ‘classical tradition’ in economic sociology. Unfortunately, this has been lost in recent years and the paper provides examples of areas of work that urgently need greater research by sociologists
The contours of contemporary English football
This paper examines the main contours of change in contemporary English football since the inception of the Premier League in 1992 through a wide range of empirical material. It explores these changes through the conceptual prisms of cultural intensification, globalisation and post-modernism. The Premier League became more popular during this era: attendances doubled between 1992 and 2017, despite rising ticket prices. It also became more 'civili…
Competitive balance in the English Premier League
The paper explores competitive balance in the top tier of English league football during the era of the Premier League. This era is compared with both the preceding twenty-five year period and also with the era before World War I. Using several statistical measures, the analysis shows that the current high levels of competitive imbalance are not new phenomena. An explanation is proffered in terms of unequal resources between clubs which are inher…
Changing contours of employment in England and Wales between 1921 and 2011
The paper examines the contours of employment change in England and Wales between 1921 and 2011 using data from the respective Censuses of Population. The main focus of the analysis is on four related sets of phenomena: changing patterns of employment across industrial sectors, changes to patterns of gender and paid employment, changes to occupational segregation by gender and the changing contours of locality differences within England and Wales…
The phenomenal forms of political graffiti in Rome and Buenos Aires
The paper provides a comparison of political graffiti in Rome and Buenos Aires. It examines ten photographs in each city and explores their properties through a detailed and intensive process of descriptive coding. The comparative method reveals the specific, contextual elements essential for interpreting these graffiti. In a broader sense, these photographic images are seen not as signifying ‘disorder,’ but rather as an intrinsic part of the ver…
Football and the Military in Contemporary Britain
This article examines the relationship between football (soccer) and the military in Britain to explore how 'invisible nationalism' has evolved. Here, invisible nationalism refers to the phenomena by which the presence of the military at major British sporting events is both highly visual and has been rendered culturally and politically invisible: It is hidden 'in plain sight.' We applied the conceptual framework associated with the 'Annales' Sch…
The Dynamics of Quadropoly
This paper explores competitive balance in top-tier English league football from its inception in 1888. It examines the extent to which finishing in the top four positions in successive seasons is the preserve of a small number of clubs. Using a range of statistical measures, the analysis shows that the current high levels of competitive imbalance are not new phenomena. The overall pattern approximates a ‘U curve’: current patterns parallel those…
Rethinking class analysis
This paper examines the current state of social stratification research. Its focus is mainly upon the British tradition of research, but its reflections also apply more broadly to wider European and North American literature. The paper explores the classical tradition of class analysis in Britain and probes how this became superseded by newer forms of sociological analysis which are rooted primarily in occupational differences. The paper argues t…
Football talk
This paper examines the relationship between football and language from a sociological point of view. This has often been couched in negative terms, but the paper argues that such a view distorts the majority of 'Football Talk'. The discourse surrounding football within everyday interactions is often positive and integrative. 'Football Talk' acts as a lingua franca amongst football supporters. This language code is therefore both inclusive and ex…
Arranged Marriages in Western Europe
The paper examines arranged marriages in contemporary W estern Europe, specifically within Britain, France and Germany. The paper reveals that two different types of marriage systems currently co-exist globally. These are “love” marriages in the west and “arranged” marriages in many parts of Asia and Africa. Both are associated with value systems that derogate the “Other” and regard themselves as “superior” and “normal.” The paper explores how ar…
Britain's War on Poverty
Children of International Migrants in Europe
This book is a comparative analysis of children of international migrants in Britain, France and Germany, using survey data from the EFFNATIS project. By analysing data on linguistic, structural, poli
Changing Attitudes to Gender Roles
This article examines changes in attitudes to gender roles in contemporary Britain by using a first-order Markov process in which cumulative transition probabilities are logistic functions of a set of personal and socioeconomic characteristics of respondents. The data are taken from the British Household Panel Study (BHPS). The attitudinal responses examined take the form of ordinal responses concerning gender roles in 1991 and 2003. The likeliho…
Relation between literacy and HIV treatment knowledge among patients on Haart regimens
Successful management of HIV requires patient understanding and ability to act on treatment information. We examined the relationship between patient literacy and understanding of HIV treatment. Literacy, knowledge of CD4 count and viral load, and correct identification of HIV medications in regimen were evaluated in 204 patients receiving care in Shreveport, Louisiana and Chicago, Illinois. One-third of patients had limited literacy skills. Thes…
British Population and Society in 2025
The paper examines three aspects of demographic change and conjectures about their wider impact on British society. Two features of fertility behaviour are highlighted. The first deals with ethnic variations and the likely continuation of high fertility rates amongst women of South Asian origin. The second involves the continued bifurcation between career women and those for whom motherhood remains a central life project. International migration …
The Dynamics of Decision-Making in the Sphere of Skills' Formation
Special Feature
With the election of a Labour government in 1997 many sociologists perceived the dawning of new opportunities for the discipline to contribute to the policy process. At the same time there have been signs of a growing receptiveness on the part of government to the results of academic research and reflection. Prominent sociologists have even been credited with significant influence on the overall direction of New Labour. All of this goes hand in h…
Trade Unionism in Recession
During the 1980's, British trade unionism confronted its greatest challenge, and suffered its greatest reverses, since the inter-war period. After a decade of rapid growth, the unions experienced a steep decline in membership, and a virtual marginalization in national political affairs. By 1990, a united, self-confident, social movement as well as a powerful industrial bargainer, often seemed more closely akin to a demoralized collection of speci…
Contemporary Economic Sociology
Union Mergers in Hard Times
Trade Unionism in Recession
The Social and Political Economy of the Household
Trade Unionism in Recession
Skill and Occupational Change
In this major new book leading sociologists, economists, and social psychologists present their highly original research into changes in jobs in Britain in the 1980s. Combining large-scale sample surveys, personal life-histories, and case studies of towns, employers, and worker groups, their findings give clear and often surprising answers to questions debated by social and economic observers in all advanced countries. Does technolgoy destroy ski…
Deskilling or Enskilling
This article involves an investigation of the effects of technological changes since 1970 upon the division of labour in three British paper mills. The data was collected in the Spring and Summer of 1984 and is used to develop a model of technical change and the division of labour that moves well beyond conventional positions in the field. In particular, Braverman's theory of deskilling is challenged empirically and theoretically. A new theory th…
Skilled Workers in the Class Structure
Skilled Workers in the Class Structure
Debates and Definitions: 1. Orientations to the analysis of class in Britain 2. The traditional working class 3. The labour aristocracy 4. Theoretical orientations to skill 5. Aspects of the social structure of Rochdale, 1856-1964 Part II. The Economic Structuration of Class: 6. The trade union structure in the Rochdale cotton and engineering industries 7. The course of wage differentials in Rochdale during the period 1856-1964 8. Skilled manual …
The Nuffield Class Categorization
British Population and Society in 2025
The paper examines three aspects of demographic change and conjectures about their wider impact on British society. Two features of fertility behaviour are highlighted. The first deals with ethnic variations and the likely continuation of high fertility rates amongst women of South Asian origin. The second involves the continued bifurcation between career women and those for whom motherhood remains a central life project. International migration …
Changing Attitudes to Gender Roles
This article examines changes in attitudes to gender roles in contemporary Britain by using a first-order Markov process in which cumulative transition probabilities are logistic functions of a set of personal and socioeconomic characteristics of respondents. The data are taken from the British Household Panel Study (BHPS). The attitudinal responses examined take the form of ordinal responses concerning gender roles in 1991 and 2003. The likeliho…
Ethnicity and career aspirations in contemporary Britain
This article examines the career aspirations of 376 fifth‐formers in three Rochdale comprehensive schools in December 1989. The analysis demonstrates that the relationships between various types of career aspiration and a series of explanatory variables (ethnicity, social class, gender and school attended) are complex. The article utilises Automatic Interaction Detector and HOMALS techniques to unpack these complex interactions. Overall the artic…
Continuities and Change in Skilled Work
This paper involves an examination of skilled manual work in the modern paper industry. The data were collected at five mills in three countries the UK, Australia and the USA. The questions were formulated in order to probe four theories of skilled work. The results suggest that the distinction between skilled and nonskilled work is a fundamental feature of occupational differentiation in all five plants. They also reveal that there are intra-ski…
Contemporary Relationships between Firms in a Classic Industrial Locality
This paper details the historical and contemporary relationships between firms, across a wide spectrum of sectors, in Rochdale, Lancashire. This area was a classic example of an industrial district and the paper aims to examine the present forms of the sub-contracting relation between large and small firms in the light of the current interest in, and advocacy of, a norm of cooperation between firms of varying sizes within geographical areas. A ty…
The development of skilled work in the British coal mining industry, 1870–1985
Here the trajectory of manual work in the British coal mining industry since the late nineteenth century is examined in relation to five sociological models of development of modern skilled work. Each of the models is examined in the four main phases of the labour process in coal mining
Where Have All the Craftsmen Gone
Trade union organization and skill in the cotton and engineering industries in Britain, 1850–1960
(1983). Trade union organization and skill in the cotton and engineering industries in Britain, 1850–1960. Social History: Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 37-55
Football and the Military in Contemporary Britain
This article examines the relationship between football (soccer) and the military in Britain to explore how 'invisible nationalism' has evolved. Here, invisible nationalism refers to the phenomena by which the presence of the military at major British sporting events is both highly visual and has been rendered culturally and politically invisible: It is hidden 'in plain sight.' We applied the conceptual framework associated with the 'Annales' Sch…
Theories of Skill and Class Structure
This paper notes an increased interest in issues of skill and class structure evident amongst both Marxist and non-Marxist sociologists. It examines three questions in this area. Firstly, what theories are available to sociologists? How adequate are they, particularly for an understanding of trends in manual work in Britain? Finally, what improvements can be suggested? Two dominant grand-theoretical approaches, post-industrialism and Marxism, are…
Structural Transformations in the British Class Structure
This paper analyses data on marital endogamy by means of log-linear modelling in an attempt to specify changes in the British class structure between the mid-nineteenth and mid-twentieth centuries. The evidence on intermarriage was collected in Rochdale and involves five decennial periods over the hundred year span. A seven class model was used to categorize the data and a succession of log-linear models fitted. The hypotheses examined were taken…
Power and the State
The contours of contemporary English football
This paper examines the main contours of change in contemporary English football since the inception of the Premier League in 1992 through a wide range of empirical material. It explores these changes through the conceptual prisms of cultural intensification, globalisation and post-modernism. The Premier League became more popular during this era: attendances doubled between 1992 and 2017, despite rising ticket prices. It also became more 'civili…
Skilled maintenance work at British Telecom
Here the author examines the relationship of technical change and job skills amongst maintenance workers in telecommunications in Britain. It demonstrates that there are significant variations within different areas of such maintenance work and strongly challenges the notion that such maintenance work is subject to a generic process of deskilling in the present era
Competitive balance in the English Premier League
The paper explores competitive balance in the top tier of English league football during the era of the Premier League. This era is compared with both the preceding twenty-five year period and also with the era before World War I. Using several statistical measures, the analysis shows that the current high levels of competitive imbalance are not new phenomena. An explanation is proffered in terms of unequal resources between clubs which are inher…
Arranged Marriages in Western Europe
The paper examines arranged marriages in contemporary W estern Europe, specifically within Britain, France and Germany. The paper reveals that two different types of marriage systems currently co-exist globally. These are “love” marriages in the west and “arranged” marriages in many parts of Asia and Africa. Both are associated with value systems that derogate the “Other” and regard themselves as “superior” and “normal.” The paper explores how ar…
Occupational Prestige Hierarchies
Occupational prestige hierarchies have been used by many “functionalist” writers as empirical support for their theories of the universal necessity of certain forms of social stratification. Upon their research findings, which have indicated a broad similarity of occupational prestige cross-culturally, two explanations have been provided. Kerr et al. believe these similarities are the result of the convergence of industrial societies based upon t…
New ways of exploring the changing nature of work
The paper assesses new ways of exploring the changing nature of work as an essential part of developing contemporary social stratification research. This combination was a key feature of the ‘classical tradition’ in economic sociology. Unfortunately, this has been lost in recent years and the paper provides examples of areas of work that urgently need greater research by sociologists
Rethinking class analysis
This paper examines the current state of social stratification research. Its focus is mainly upon the British tradition of research, but its reflections also apply more broadly to wider European and North American literature. The paper explores the classical tradition of class analysis in Britain and probes how this became superseded by newer forms of sociological analysis which are rooted primarily in occupational differences. The paper argues t…
Football talk
This paper examines the relationship between football and language from a sociological point of view. This has often been couched in negative terms, but the paper argues that such a view distorts the majority of 'Football Talk'. The discourse surrounding football within everyday interactions is often positive and integrative. 'Football Talk' acts as a lingua franca amongst football supporters. This language code is therefore both inclusive and ex…
Technical Change and the Division of Labour in Rochdale and Aberdeen
This article examines the effects of technical change upon the division of labour in Rochdale and Aberdeen. It is based upon interviews undertaken as part of the ESRC's Social Change and Economic Life Research Initiative. The results reveal that there was little difference between establishments in the two localities within broadly matched industrial sectors. There was little evidence in the research to support the deskilling thesis. There was mo…
Occupational Prestige Hierarchies
Occupational prestige hierarchies have been used by many “functionalist” writers as empirical support for their theories of the universal necessity of certain forms of social stratification. Upon their research findings, which have indicated a broad similarity of occupational prestige cross-culturally, two explanations have been provided. Kerr et al. believe these similarities are the result of the convergence of industrial societies based upon t…
The Aristocracy of Labor. G. MacKenzie
The Aristocracy of Labor
The Images of Occupational Prestige
I. Revolution in Industrial Societies
Power and the State
Occupational Prestige in Comparative Perspective
The Nuffield Class Categorization
Trade union organization and skill in the cotton and engineering industries in Britain, 1850–1960
(1983). Trade union organization and skill in the cotton and engineering industries in Britain, 1850–1960. Social History: Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 37-55
Theories of Skill and Class Structure
This paper notes an increased interest in issues of skill and class structure evident amongst both Marxist and non-Marxist sociologists. It examines three questions in this area. Firstly, what theories are available to sociologists? How adequate are they, particularly for an understanding of trends in manual work in Britain? Finally, what improvements can be suggested? Two dominant grand-theoretical approaches, post-industrialism and Marxism, are…
Structural Transformations in the British Class Structure
This paper analyses data on marital endogamy by means of log-linear modelling in an attempt to specify changes in the British class structure between the mid-nineteenth and mid-twentieth centuries. The evidence on intermarriage was collected in Rochdale and involves five decennial periods over the hundred year span. A seven class model was used to categorize the data and a succession of log-linear models fitted. The hypotheses examined were taken…
Ashdown Forest
Deskilling or Enskilling
This article involves an investigation of the effects of technological changes since 1970 upon the division of labour in three British paper mills. The data was collected in the Spring and Summer of 1984 and is used to develop a model of technical change and the division of labour that moves well beyond conventional positions in the field. In particular, Braverman's theory of deskilling is challenged empirically and theoretically. A new theory th…
The development of skilled work in the British coal mining industry, 1870–1985
Here the trajectory of manual work in the British coal mining industry since the late nineteenth century is examined in relation to five sociological models of development of modern skilled work. Each of the models is examined in the four main phases of the labour process in coal mining
Where Have All the Craftsmen Gone
Divisions of Labour
Skilled Workers in the Class Structure
Skilled Workers in the Class Structure
Debates and Definitions: 1. Orientations to the analysis of class in Britain 2. The traditional working class 3. The labour aristocracy 4. Theoretical orientations to skill 5. Aspects of the social structure of Rochdale, 1856-1964 Part II. The Economic Structuration of Class: 6. The trade union structure in the Rochdale cotton and engineering industries 7. The course of wage differentials in Rochdale during the period 1856-1964 8. Skilled manual …
Continuities and Change in Skilled Work
This paper involves an examination of skilled manual work in the modern paper industry. The data were collected at five mills in three countries the UK, Australia and the USA. The questions were formulated in order to probe four theories of skilled work. The results suggest that the distinction between skilled and nonskilled work is a fundamental feature of occupational differentiation in all five plants. They also reveal that there are intra-ski…
Linear Modelling with Clustered Observations
Conventional least-squares regression can lead to misleading results if the data have a hierarchical structure. An appropriate linear model is presented for such data. The model has conventional regression, variance-component, and random coefficient models as special cases and may be calibrated by use of recently available software. The effectiveness of the model is demonstrated by an analysis of earnings in the engineering industry. Particular a…
Skilled maintenance work at British Telecom
Here the author examines the relationship of technical change and job skills amongst maintenance workers in telecommunications in Britain. It demonstrates that there are significant variations within different areas of such maintenance work and strongly challenges the notion that such maintenance work is subject to a generic process of deskilling in the present era
The dialectics of ethnic incorporation and exclusion
This article presents findings from the ESRC's Social Change and Economic Life Research Initiative project undertaken in Rochdale. It provides an integrated analysis of the situation of Asian migrants in the town by combining longitudinal data taken from a survey of adult work histories with parallel data from interviews conducted with local employers and local trades unions. The article demonstrates that inward migration has been a general featu…
Class, Power and Technology
Gender Relations, Technology and Employment Change in the Contemporary Textile Industry
This paper examines employment patterns in the British textile industry over the last twenty years. In particular it focuses on a dramatic structural shift in the balance of male and female employees within textiles. From the onset of the Industrial Revolution at the end of the eighteenth century until the 1960s, around two-thirds of textile employees were female. Over the last twenty years textile manufacture has become increasingly the domain o…
Ethnicity and career aspirations in contemporary Britain
This article examines the career aspirations of 376 fifth‐formers in three Rochdale comprehensive schools in December 1989. The analysis demonstrates that the relationships between various types of career aspiration and a series of explanatory variables (ethnicity, social class, gender and school attended) are complex. The article utilises Automatic Interaction Detector and HOMALS techniques to unpack these complex interactions. Overall the artic…
Sociology (35 obras) · Political science (32 obras) · Economics (28 obras) · Law (24 obras) · Social science (15 obras) · Labor Movements and Unions (14 obras) · Computer Science (12 obras) · Epistemology (12 obras) · Law (12 obras) · Politics (11 obras)