Bradley Hardy

Biographic Data

ID3816954
NAMEBradley Hardy
GIVEN NAMESBradley
FAMILY NAMEHardy
SIGNATUREHARDY B
AFFILIATIONSAmerican University
ORCID0000-0003-3800-4069
VERIFIEDYes
TOTAL WORKS9
TOTAL CITATIONS66
WORKS AS AUTHOR9
WORKS AS EDITOR0
FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR2011
LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR2025
H-INDEX4

  • Stalled Progress? Five Decades of Black-White and Rural-Urban Income Gaps

    Open AccessBradley Hardy, Shubha Holla et al.ARTICLERSF The Russell Sage Foundation…2025References: 12

    We examine the contribution of the U.S. tax and social safety net to ameliorating racial and geographic household income gaps using nearly five decades of data from the Current Population Survey Annual Social and Economic Supplement. Our results paint a mixed portrait of economic progress of Black and rural households relative to their White and urban counterparts over the last fifty years. The tax and transfer systems in any given year provide s…

  • The Effects of the 2021 Child Tax Credit on Racial and Ethnic Inequalities in Well-Being

    Open AccessBradley Hardy, Charles HokayemARTICLEThe Annals of the American…2023References: 33

    Evidence from the temporary expansion of the Child Tax Credit (CTC) in 2021 suggests it helped to reduce family poverty, lessen food hardship, and increase families’ financial expenditures on children across race and ethnicity. We review recent evidence on the impacts of the CTC on differences in well-being across race and ethnicity, including differences in access to the tax credit, how families used the tax credit, and the food insecurity and m…

  • Crashing without a Parachute

    Open AccessBradley Hardy, Charles Hokayem et al.ARTICLEThe Annals of the American…2021Cited by: 1References: 20

    The burden of the COVID-19 pandemic has not been shouldered equally by American families. Black and Hispanic communities have been hit the hardest, with the pandemic often exacerbating existing disparities. Using nationally representative data, we assess the economic and public health effects of the pandemic among different socioeconomic groups and whether typical sources of protection from economic insecurity are uniformly protective across the …

  • The Persistence of Historical Racial Violence and Political Suppression

    Open AccessJhacova A Williams, Jhacova Williams et al.ARTICLEThe Annals of the American…2021Cited by: 8References: 29

    We provide evidence on the link between lynchings and a range of political and economic outcomes for Black Americans. We show that lynchings are related to racial and political motives among whites that keep Black Americans disconnected from the political process. This political and racial gradient to lynchings is related to public finance and redistribution within states and localities and has potentially long-lasting implications for investment…

  • Cash Assistance in America

    Open AccessBradley Hardy, Rhucha Samudra et al.ARTICLEThe Review of Black Political…2019Cited by: 21References: 5

    We examine the predictors of state spending on Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) cash assistance, which has fallen dramatically since the passage of welfare reform in 1996. Over the 2000s, states allocating 33% or more of their TANF expenditures toward cash assistance are more likely to have higher minimum wages and are more liberal, though with fewer Black residents—both overall and on the TANF caseload. Our preferred empirical spec…

  • The Evolution of Black Neighborhoods Since Kerner

    Open AccessMarcus Casey, Bradley HardyARTICLERSF The Russell Sage Foundation…2018Cited by: 2References: 10

    Marcus D. Casey, Bradley L. Hardy, The Evolution of Black Neighborhoods Since Kerner, RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences, Vol. 4, No. 6, The Fiftieth Anniversary of the Kerner Commission Report (September 2018), pp. 185-205

  • The Changing Safety Net for Low-Income Parents and Their Children

    Open AccessBradley Hardy, Timothy Smeeding et al.ARTICLEDemography2018Cited by: 11References: 48

    Refundable tax credits and food assistance are the largest transfer programs available to able-bodied working poor and near-poor families in the United States, and simultaneous participation in these programs has more than doubled since the early 2000s. To understand this growth, we construct a series of two-year panels from the 1981–2013 waves of the Current Population Survey Annual Social and Economic Supplement to estimate the effect of state …

  • Childhood Income Volatility and Adult Outcomes

    Open AccessBradley Hardy, Bradley L HardyARTICLEDemography2014Cited by: 20References: 62

    Using data linked across generations in the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, I estimate the relationship between exposure to volatile income during childhood and a set of socioeconomic outcomes in adulthood. The empirical framework is an augmented intergenerational income mobility model that includes controls for income volatility. I measure income volatility at the family level in two ways: (1) instability as measured by squared deviations around…

  • Black Female Earnings and Income Volatility

    Open AccessBradley Hardy, Bradley L HardyARTICLEThe Review of Black Political…2011Cited by: 3References: 2

    I provide new evidence on earnings and income volatility among Black women in the United States over the past four decades by using matched data from the March Current Population Survey. I use a measure of total volatility that encompasses both permanent and transitory instability, and that admits labor-force transitions. My results show that, for Black women, earnings volatility fell over the entire period and income volatility rose after the mi…