Robert L Campbell
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 3823940 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Robert L Campbell |
| PRENOMES | Robert L |
| SOBRENOME | Campbell |
| ASSINATURA | CAMPBELL R L |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Clemson University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-5473-5876 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 24 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 22 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 24 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1986 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2024 |
| ÍNDICE H | 2 |
Followability, Necessity, and Excuse
Philosophers traditionally interpret Kant as a retributivist, but modern interpreters, with reference to Kant’s theory of justice and problematic passages, instead propose penal theories that mix retributive and deterrent features. Although these mixed penal theories are substantively compelling and capture the Kantian spirit, their dual aspects lead to a justificatory conflict that generates an apparent dilemma. To resolve this dilemma and clear…
Commentary
Commentaries| January 20 2010 Commentary Subject Area: Psychiatry and Psychology , Women's and Children's Health Robert L. Campbell Robert L. Campbell Clemson University, Clemson, S.C., USA Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Human Development (1996) 39 (4): 200–205. https://doi.org/10.1159/000278447 Article history Published Online: January 20 2010 Content Tools Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & ta…
A Shift in the Development of Natural-Kind Categories
Natural kinds are categories whose superficial distinguishing characteristics are tied together or explained by deeper causal mechanisms. Treating a category as a natural-kind category requires giving priority to more fundamental properties when deciding membership and recognizing a ‘promissory note’ for a deeper explanation, even if none is currently known. Although young children can form and use categories that happen to be natural-kind catego…
A Deconstruction of Fodor’s Anticonstructivism
Fodor has argued against developmental psychology. He contends that most concepts are innate, that little of importance can be learned, and that stage development cannot occur. Fodor considers mental representations to be static encodings. He is correct in arguing that new kinds of encodings cannot be learned. Novel encodings are unlearnable, however, because encodings are not a coherent foundation for knowledge in the first place. The alternativ…
Problems in the Theory of Developmental Sequences
The sequence is the fundamental unit of developmental analysis. Drawing on the contemporary search for the origins in infancy of later abilities, we extend the theory of sequences by introducing the concepts of prerequisite and precursor. A prerequisite is a necessary condition for a later ability. A precursor is a prerequisite ability that performs an analogous transformation on the world to the later ability. The foundational precursor to an ab…
An Interactivist-Hermeneutic Metatheory for Positive Psychology
Drawing on Bickhard's interactivism along with philosophical hermeneutics, we outline a plausible ontology of human action and development that might serve as a metatheory for positive psychology. Our nondualistic metatheory rests on a distributed notion of agency. The kinds of morally imbued social practices that are identified by hermeneutic theorists constitute one level of agency. At the first level of agency, persons are already committed, a…
Always Norm-Laden
Johnson, Eddie
Encodingism Reports for Rethinking
Self and Values
The standard research programs in moral development have been criticized for adopting a narrow and restrictive view of the moral domain. There has been a dearth of alternative theories that account for the diversity of mature moral viewpoints both within and outside Western culture. We present an interactivist framework that takes into account the plurality of moral perspectives. It does so by addressing fundamental issues of psychological ontolo…
Selection pressures are mounting
Overlooked skyhooks
Beyond Formalism and Altruism
Moral Development Theory
Past and Current Drug Use among Canadian Correctional Officers
Current and past drug use was assessed in a sample of 77 Canadian correctional officers working in two medium-security penitentiaries. 58% of correctional officers indicated past illicit drug use. This compares with 20% of Canadians who indicate illicit drug use. Correctional officers were more likely than the general population to have used marijuana and cocaine
A Survey of Drinking Behaviors of Canadian Correctional Officers
77 correctional officers from two Canadian medium security penitentiaries were surveyed concerning their use of alcohol. 94% reported drinking at least once during the preceding year. 45 men consumed alcohol more frequently than the 29 women, more often felt obligated to drink at social gatherings, and were more likely to believe that drinkers do not suffer health problems related to their drinking. Although other studies have indicated correctio…
Gender and Age Differences in the Drinking Behaviors of University Students
A sample of 457 university students were queried concerning their use of alcohol. The majority (90%) of students reported drinking at least once over the past year, with men drinking more often. Age differences were noted, with older students (Mdn = 32.0 yr. vs 19.0 yr.) more likely to report drinking 4 to 6 times per week. Women generally had healthier attitudes concerning alcohol consumption, e.g., more likely to try to prevent a friend from dr…
Age, Gender, and Location as Factors in Permission to Smoke among University Students
A sample of 457 (177 men, 280 women) university undergraduates were surveyed on their use of tobacco and locations where smokers have been told not to smoke. 21% of the students (20% of men, 22% of women) surveyed indicated that they smoked. Age differences were noted, with the older men and women more likely to use tobacco than their younger peers. In general, men were more likely than women to be asked not to smoke. The large number of smokers …
Types of constraints on development
Drug Use Among University Undergraduate Students
ammonsscientific.com is your first and best source for all of the information you’re looking for. From general topics to more of what you would expect to find here, ammonsscientific.com has it all. We hope you find what you are searching for
Drug Use among University Undergraduate Students
A sample of 457 undergraduate university students were surveyed to assess their current use of illicit drugs. Such information is to be used as a baseline to examine the effectiveness of drug prevention programs designed for this population. Marijuana was the most common illicit drug used among these students, and men were significantly more likely to report use. Age differences were noted; older students (age greater than or equal to 22 yr.) wer…
Some foundational questions concerning language studies
Clearing the ground
Softening Up Hard Science
A source of intellectual overhead periodically encountered by scientists is the call to be "hard," to insure good science by imposing severe methodological strictures. Newell and Card (1985) have undertaken to impose such strictures on the psychology of humancomputer interaction. Although their discussion contributes to theoretical debate in humancomputer interaction by setting a reference point, their specific argument fails. Their program is un…
Softening Up Hard Science
A source of intellectual overhead periodically encountered by scientists is the call to be "hard," to insure good science by imposing severe methodological strictures. Newell and Card (1985) have undertaken to impose such strictures on the psychology of humancomputer interaction. Although their discussion contributes to theoretical debate in humancomputer interaction by setting a reference point, their specific argument fails. Their program is un…
Types of constraints on development
Drug Use Among University Undergraduate Students
ammonsscientific.com is your first and best source for all of the information you’re looking for. From general topics to more of what you would expect to find here, ammonsscientific.com has it all. We hope you find what you are searching for
Drug Use among University Undergraduate Students
A sample of 457 undergraduate university students were surveyed to assess their current use of illicit drugs. Such information is to be used as a baseline to examine the effectiveness of drug prevention programs designed for this population. Marijuana was the most common illicit drug used among these students, and men were significantly more likely to report use. Age differences were noted; older students (age greater than or equal to 22 yr.) wer…
Some foundational questions concerning language studies
Clearing the ground
Age, Gender, and Location as Factors in Permission to Smoke among University Students
A sample of 457 (177 men, 280 women) university undergraduates were surveyed on their use of tobacco and locations where smokers have been told not to smoke. 21% of the students (20% of men, 22% of women) surveyed indicated that they smoked. Age differences were noted, with the older men and women more likely to use tobacco than their younger peers. In general, men were more likely than women to be asked not to smoke. The large number of smokers …
Gender and Age Differences in the Drinking Behaviors of University Students
A sample of 457 university students were queried concerning their use of alcohol. The majority (90%) of students reported drinking at least once over the past year, with men drinking more often. Age differences were noted, with older students (Mdn = 32.0 yr. vs 19.0 yr.) more likely to report drinking 4 to 6 times per week. Women generally had healthier attitudes concerning alcohol consumption, e.g., more likely to try to prevent a friend from dr…
Past and Current Drug Use among Canadian Correctional Officers
Current and past drug use was assessed in a sample of 77 Canadian correctional officers working in two medium-security penitentiaries. 58% of correctional officers indicated past illicit drug use. This compares with 20% of Canadians who indicate illicit drug use. Correctional officers were more likely than the general population to have used marijuana and cocaine
A Survey of Drinking Behaviors of Canadian Correctional Officers
77 correctional officers from two Canadian medium security penitentiaries were surveyed concerning their use of alcohol. 94% reported drinking at least once during the preceding year. 45 men consumed alcohol more frequently than the 29 women, more often felt obligated to drink at social gatherings, and were more likely to believe that drinkers do not suffer health problems related to their drinking. Although other studies have indicated correctio…
Beyond Formalism and Altruism
Moral Development Theory
Overlooked skyhooks
Selection pressures are mounting
Self and Values
The standard research programs in moral development have been criticized for adopting a narrow and restrictive view of the moral domain. There has been a dearth of alternative theories that account for the diversity of mature moral viewpoints both within and outside Western culture. We present an interactivist framework that takes into account the plurality of moral perspectives. It does so by addressing fundamental issues of psychological ontolo…
Johnson, Eddie
Encodingism Reports for Rethinking
Always Norm-Laden
An Interactivist-Hermeneutic Metatheory for Positive Psychology
Drawing on Bickhard's interactivism along with philosophical hermeneutics, we outline a plausible ontology of human action and development that might serve as a metatheory for positive psychology. Our nondualistic metatheory rests on a distributed notion of agency. The kinds of morally imbued social practices that are identified by hermeneutic theorists constitute one level of agency. At the first level of agency, persons are already committed, a…
A Deconstruction of Fodor’s Anticonstructivism
Fodor has argued against developmental psychology. He contends that most concepts are innate, that little of importance can be learned, and that stage development cannot occur. Fodor considers mental representations to be static encodings. He is correct in arguing that new kinds of encodings cannot be learned. Novel encodings are unlearnable, however, because encodings are not a coherent foundation for knowledge in the first place. The alternativ…
Problems in the Theory of Developmental Sequences
The sequence is the fundamental unit of developmental analysis. Drawing on the contemporary search for the origins in infancy of later abilities, we extend the theory of sequences by introducing the concepts of prerequisite and precursor. A prerequisite is a necessary condition for a later ability. A precursor is a prerequisite ability that performs an analogous transformation on the world to the later ability. The foundational precursor to an ab…
Commentary
Commentaries| January 20 2010 Commentary Subject Area: Psychiatry and Psychology , Women's and Children's Health Robert L. Campbell Robert L. Campbell Clemson University, Clemson, S.C., USA Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Human Development (1996) 39 (4): 200–205. https://doi.org/10.1159/000278447 Article history Published Online: January 20 2010 Content Tools Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & ta…
A Shift in the Development of Natural-Kind Categories
Natural kinds are categories whose superficial distinguishing characteristics are tied together or explained by deeper causal mechanisms. Treating a category as a natural-kind category requires giving priority to more fundamental properties when deciding membership and recognizing a ‘promissory note’ for a deeper explanation, even if none is currently known. Although young children can form and use categories that happen to be natural-kind catego…
Followability, Necessity, and Excuse
Philosophers traditionally interpret Kant as a retributivist, but modern interpreters, with reference to Kant’s theory of justice and problematic passages, instead propose penal theories that mix retributive and deterrent features. Although these mixed penal theories are substantively compelling and capture the Kantian spirit, their dual aspects lead to a justificatory conflict that generates an apparent dilemma. To resolve this dilemma and clear…
Psychology (18 obras) · Epistemology (16 obras) · Philosophy (13 obras) · Computer Science (8 obras) · Medicine (7 obras) · Social Psychology (7 obras) · Cognitive science (6 obras) · Environmental health (4 obras) · Sociology (4 obras) · Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes (4 obras)