P Dijkstra
Biographic Data
| ID | 3829 |
|---|---|
| NAME | P Dijkstra |
| GIVEN NAMES | P |
| FAMILY NAME | Dijkstra |
| SIGNATURE | DIJKSTRA P |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Groningen |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-3806-3157 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 28 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 83 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 28 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2000 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2020 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
Ethnic differences in jealousy in Surinam
The present study examined differences in three types of jealousy (reactive, anxious, and preventive jealousy) between the major ethnic groups in Surinam (Maroons, Creoles, Hindustani, Javanese, and Mixed). About 100 participants from each ethnic group (total n = 500) were interviewed. Results showed differences between the groups in anxious and preventive jealousy, but not in reactive jealousy. More specifically, Maroons reported most anxious an…
Weight-Related Selves and Their Relationship With Body Mass Index Among Young Individuals in Curaçao
Based on the assumptions of self-discrepancy theory, the present study examined the degree of overweight, weight-related body images, and the relation between these images and body mass index (BMI) among two samples of young people from Curaçao (secondary school students, n = 176; undergraduate students, n = 205). In addition to BMI, participants reported their current, ideal, and most feared body sizes, the thinnest and largest body sizes still …
Intimate Relationships of the Intellectually Gifted: Attachment Style, Conflict Style, and Relationship Satisfaction Among Members of the Mensa Society
To date relatively little is known about the intimate relationships of the intellectually gifted and the way they attach themselves to and handle conflicts with their intimate partner. The present study examined these issues by examining the relationship between attachment styles, conflict styles, and relationship quality in a sample of 196 adult members of the Mensa society. These results were compared with findings from a general community samp…
Sex and Marriage With Members of Other Ethnic Groups: A Study in the Netherlands
Given the importance of interethnic intimate relationships for the integration of minority groups, the present study examined attitudes toward marriages and sexual relationships with in-group and out-group members among young second-generation immigrants in the Netherlands compared with the Dutch. A sample of 95 ethnically Dutch, 68 Moroccan, and 68 Turkish individuals aged between 15 and 25, living in the Netherlands filled out an online questio…
Weight-Influenced Self-Esteem, Body Comparisons and Body Satisfaction: Findings among Women from The Netherlands and Curacao
Partner Preferences of the Intellectually Gifted
To date, hardly anything is known about the partner preferences of the intellectually gifted. The present study therefore examined the extent to which 354 gifted individuals judged 17 characteristics to be important in a (potential) partner and compared these ratings with those obtained from a community sample (n = 554). Among other things, it was expected that, among the gifted, a (potential) partner's high intelligence would be judged to be mor…
Social comparison orientation as related to two types of closeness
Women, Sex and Modern Society: The Sex Lives of Readers of a Dutch Women's Magazine
The purpose of this study was to examine the frequency to which heterosexual women engage in a range of sexual activities, such as sexual fantasizing and engaging in cybersex, and to examine women's level of satisfaction with their sex lives. In addition, we explored the role of age in women's sexual activities and satisfaction levels. A total of 4,470 heterosexual Dutch women participated in this study, ranging in age from 18 to 82. Results indi…
Humor Styles and their Relationship to Well-Being among the Gifted
The present study examined the extent to which a sample of 202 gifted individuals (members of Mensa) engaged in four humor styles and the extent to which these humor styles were related to their well-being. These results were compared to a comparative population sample (n = 265). Results showed that gifted individuals most often used positive humor styles. There were no within sex differences in the use of humor styles between the gifted sample a…
Positive illusions about a partner’s personality and relationship quality
An assessment of positive illusions of the physical attractiveness of romantic partners
Positive illusions about a partner's physical attractiveness occur when individuals' ratings of their partner's attractiveness are more positive than more objective ratings. Ratings that may serve as a''reality benchmark' include ratings by the partner him/herself and observer ratings. The present study compared the effects of using different reality benchmarks on the strength of positive partner physical attractiveness illusions ( n = 70 couples…
Perceptions of Ideal and Former Partners’ Personality and Similarity
The present study aimed to test predictions based on both the ̳similarity-attraction†̃ hypothesis and the ̳attraction-similarity†̃ hypothesis, by studying perceptions of ideal and former partners. Based on the ̳similarity-attraction†̃ hypothesis, we expected individuals to desire ideal partners who are similar to the self in personality. In addition, based on the ̳attraction-similarity hypothesis†̃, we expected individuals to perceiveformer partn…
Birth order and the dominance aspect of extraversion: Are firstborns more extraverted, in the sense of being dominant, than laterborns
The long‐term effect of social comparison on academic performance
The present study was part of a large‐scale cohort study among several thousand students in the Netherlands. The purpose of the study was to investigate the long‐term effects of comparison choice, i.e., comparison with a target performing better or worse than oneself, and academic comparative evaluation, i.e., the extent to which one thinks one's performance is better or worse than that of others, on scores on standardized tests for reading compr…
Positive illusions about a partner's physical attractiveness and relationship quality
The present research examined the existence of positive illusions about a partner's physical attractiveness and its relations to relationship quality. Positive illusions were assumed to exist when individuals rated their partner as more attractive than their partner rated him or herself. In two Dutch community samples of 117 and 203 married or cohabiting heterosexual couples, both partners rated their own and their partner's facial and bodily att…
Sex differences in jealousy: The case of Internet infidelity
Studies investigating the events that elicit men's and women's jealousy consistently show that men's jealousy, more than women's jealousy, is triggered by a mate's sexual infidelity, and women's jealousy, more than men's jealousy, is triggered by a mate's emotional infidelity. Internet infidelity poses new challenges for modern couples. Therefore, the present study investigated men's and women's responses to emotional and sexual infidelity over t…
Social Comparison in the Classroom: A Review
This article reviews research conducted on social comparison processes in the classroom since Festinger proposed his theory of social comparison. It covers the theoretical framework of social comparison theory, and it is organized around the following themes: motives for social comparison, dimensions of social comparison, direction of social comparison, and consequences of social comparison. The overall picture is an emerging one in which pupils …
What Dutch women of different ages regret most
Self and partner personality and responses to relationship threats
Reactive, Anxious and Possessive Forms of Jealousy and Their Relation to Relationship Quality Among Heterosexuals and Homosexuals
The present study examined the relationship between relational quality and three different types of jealousy-reactive, anxious and possessive jealousy. The sample consisted of 76 gay men, 79 lesbians, 70 heterosexual women and 70 heterosexual men. Findings show that different types of jealousy affect relationship quality differently and do so differently for homosexuals and heterosexuals. Among heterosexuals and especially gay men--but not among …
Gender differences in rival characteristics that evoke jealousy in response to emotional versus sexual infidelity
Previous research has shown that in men jealousy is evoked more by a rival's status‐related characteristics than in women, whereas in women jealousy is evoked more by a rival's physical attractiveness than in men. The present study examined whether the occurrence of this gender difference depends upon the type of infidelity one's partner engages in, i.e., emotional or sexual infidelity, and whether these types of jealousy evoke different emotiona…
Age and Gender Differences in Mate Selection Criteria for Various Involvement Levels
The present study investigated mate preferences for five different levels of relationship involvement—marriage, serious relationship, falling in love, casual sex, and sexual fantasies–among individuals of 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 years of age. Consistent with an evolutionary perspective, men preferred mates who were higher in physical attractiveness than themselves, whereas women preferred mates who were higher in income, education, self–confidence…
Sex differences in the jealousy‐evoking effect of rival characteristics
Four studies examined sex differences in the jealousy‐evoking nature of rival characteristics. Study 1, among 130 undergraduates, made an inventory of all relevant rival characteristics that were spontaneously mentioned when asked about a rival to whom one's partner might feel attracted. On the basis of these findings, in Study 2, among 240 undergraduates, a questionnaire was constructed, containing 56 rival characteristics. A factor analysis dis…
Sex differences in the jealousy-evoking nature of a rival's body build
Age preferences for mates as related to gender, own age, and involvement level
Sex differences in the jealousy‐evoking effect of rival characteristics
Four studies examined sex differences in the jealousy‐evoking nature of rival characteristics. Study 1, among 130 undergraduates, made an inventory of all relevant rival characteristics that were spontaneously mentioned when asked about a rival to whom one's partner might feel attracted. On the basis of these findings, in Study 2, among 240 undergraduates, a questionnaire was constructed, containing 56 rival characteristics. A factor analysis dis…
Gender differences in rival characteristics that evoke jealousy in response to emotional versus sexual infidelity
Previous research has shown that in men jealousy is evoked more by a rival's status‐related characteristics than in women, whereas in women jealousy is evoked more by a rival's physical attractiveness than in men. The present study examined whether the occurrence of this gender difference depends upon the type of infidelity one's partner engages in, i.e., emotional or sexual infidelity, and whether these types of jealousy evoke different emotiona…
An assessment of positive illusions of the physical attractiveness of romantic partners
Positive illusions about a partner's physical attractiveness occur when individuals' ratings of their partner's attractiveness are more positive than more objective ratings. Ratings that may serve as a''reality benchmark' include ratings by the partner him/herself and observer ratings. The present study compared the effects of using different reality benchmarks on the strength of positive partner physical attractiveness illusions ( n = 70 couples…
Sex and Marriage With Members of Other Ethnic Groups: A Study in the Netherlands
Given the importance of interethnic intimate relationships for the integration of minority groups, the present study examined attitudes toward marriages and sexual relationships with in-group and out-group members among young second-generation immigrants in the Netherlands compared with the Dutch. A sample of 95 ethnically Dutch, 68 Moroccan, and 68 Turkish individuals aged between 15 and 25, living in the Netherlands filled out an online questio…
Reactive, Anxious and Possessive Forms of Jealousy and Their Relation to Relationship Quality Among Heterosexuals and Homosexuals
The present study examined the relationship between relational quality and three different types of jealousy-reactive, anxious and possessive jealousy. The sample consisted of 76 gay men, 79 lesbians, 70 heterosexual women and 70 heterosexual men. Findings show that different types of jealousy affect relationship quality differently and do so differently for homosexuals and heterosexuals. Among heterosexuals and especially gay men--but not among …
Sex differences in jealousy: The case of Internet infidelity
Studies investigating the events that elicit men's and women's jealousy consistently show that men's jealousy, more than women's jealousy, is triggered by a mate's sexual infidelity, and women's jealousy, more than men's jealousy, is triggered by a mate's emotional infidelity. Internet infidelity poses new challenges for modern couples. Therefore, the present study investigated men's and women's responses to emotional and sexual infidelity over t…
Self and partner personality and responses to relationship threats
Positive illusions about a partner’s personality and relationship quality
Partner Preferences of the Intellectually Gifted
To date, hardly anything is known about the partner preferences of the intellectually gifted. The present study therefore examined the extent to which 354 gifted individuals judged 17 characteristics to be important in a (potential) partner and compared these ratings with those obtained from a community sample (n = 554). Among other things, it was expected that, among the gifted, a (potential) partner's high intelligence would be judged to be mor…
Ethnic differences in jealousy in Surinam
The present study examined differences in three types of jealousy (reactive, anxious, and preventive jealousy) between the major ethnic groups in Surinam (Maroons, Creoles, Hindustani, Javanese, and Mixed). About 100 participants from each ethnic group (total n = 500) were interviewed. Results showed differences between the groups in anxious and preventive jealousy, but not in reactive jealousy. More specifically, Maroons reported most anxious an…
Weight-Related Selves and Their Relationship With Body Mass Index Among Young Individuals in Curaçao
Based on the assumptions of self-discrepancy theory, the present study examined the degree of overweight, weight-related body images, and the relation between these images and body mass index (BMI) among two samples of young people from Curaçao (secondary school students, n = 176; undergraduate students, n = 205). In addition to BMI, participants reported their current, ideal, and most feared body sizes, the thinnest and largest body sizes still …
Intimate Relationships of the Intellectually Gifted: Attachment Style, Conflict Style, and Relationship Satisfaction Among Members of the Mensa Society
To date relatively little is known about the intimate relationships of the intellectually gifted and the way they attach themselves to and handle conflicts with their intimate partner. The present study examined these issues by examining the relationship between attachment styles, conflict styles, and relationship quality in a sample of 196 adult members of the Mensa society. These results were compared with findings from a general community samp…
Social comparison orientation as related to two types of closeness
Birth order and the dominance aspect of extraversion: Are firstborns more extraverted, in the sense of being dominant, than laterborns
The long‐term effect of social comparison on academic performance
The present study was part of a large‐scale cohort study among several thousand students in the Netherlands. The purpose of the study was to investigate the long‐term effects of comparison choice, i.e., comparison with a target performing better or worse than oneself, and academic comparative evaluation, i.e., the extent to which one thinks one's performance is better or worse than that of others, on scores on standardized tests for reading compr…
What Dutch women of different ages regret most
Distress about mating rivals
This research tested the evolutionary psychological hypothesis that men and women would be most distressed about threats from rivals who surpass them on sex‐linked components of mate value. Six predictions were tested in samples from three cultures, the United States ( N = 208), the Netherlands ( N = 349), and Korea ( N = 174). Five predictions were supported in all three cultures. Korean, Dutch, and American men, more than corresponding women, r…
Sex differences in the jealousy-evoking nature of a rival's body build
Age preferences for mates as related to gender, own age, and involvement level
Evidence from a homosexual sample for a sex‐specific rival‐oriented mechanism: Jealousy as a function of a rival's physical attractiveness and dominance
Among heterosexual women in particular, a rival's physical attractiveness evokes jealousy, whereas among heterosexual men in particular, a rival's dominance evokes feelings of jealousy. The present study conducted with gay men and lesbian women examined whether these sex‐differentiated responses reflect an evolved sex‐specific rival‐oriented mechanism according to which males and females pay attention to different rival characteristics or an evol…
Sex differences in the events that elicit jealousy among homosexuals
When individuals are asked which event would upset them more—a partner's emotional infidelity or a partner's sexual infidelity—among heterosexuals more men than women select a partner's sexual infidelity as the most distressing event, whereas more women than men select a partner's emotional infidelity as the most upsetting event. Because homosexuals’mating psychology is unlike that of heterosexuals, the present study examined which of these two e…
Age and Gender Differences in Mate Selection Criteria for Various Involvement Levels
The present study investigated mate preferences for five different levels of relationship involvement—marriage, serious relationship, falling in love, casual sex, and sexual fantasies–among individuals of 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 years of age. Consistent with an evolutionary perspective, men preferred mates who were higher in physical attractiveness than themselves, whereas women preferred mates who were higher in income, education, self–confidence…
Sex differences in the jealousy‐evoking effect of rival characteristics
Four studies examined sex differences in the jealousy‐evoking nature of rival characteristics. Study 1, among 130 undergraduates, made an inventory of all relevant rival characteristics that were spontaneously mentioned when asked about a rival to whom one's partner might feel attracted. On the basis of these findings, in Study 2, among 240 undergraduates, a questionnaire was constructed, containing 56 rival characteristics. A factor analysis dis…
Gender differences in rival characteristics that evoke jealousy in response to emotional versus sexual infidelity
Previous research has shown that in men jealousy is evoked more by a rival's status‐related characteristics than in women, whereas in women jealousy is evoked more by a rival's physical attractiveness than in men. The present study examined whether the occurrence of this gender difference depends upon the type of infidelity one's partner engages in, i.e., emotional or sexual infidelity, and whether these types of jealousy evoke different emotiona…
Reactive, Anxious and Possessive Forms of Jealousy and Their Relation to Relationship Quality Among Heterosexuals and Homosexuals
The present study examined the relationship between relational quality and three different types of jealousy-reactive, anxious and possessive jealousy. The sample consisted of 76 gay men, 79 lesbians, 70 heterosexual women and 70 heterosexual men. Findings show that different types of jealousy affect relationship quality differently and do so differently for homosexuals and heterosexuals. Among heterosexuals and especially gay men--but not among …
Social Comparison in the Classroom: A Review
This article reviews research conducted on social comparison processes in the classroom since Festinger proposed his theory of social comparison. It covers the theoretical framework of social comparison theory, and it is organized around the following themes: motives for social comparison, dimensions of social comparison, direction of social comparison, and consequences of social comparison. The overall picture is an emerging one in which pupils …
What Dutch women of different ages regret most
Self and partner personality and responses to relationship threats
Positive illusions about a partner's physical attractiveness and relationship quality
The present research examined the existence of positive illusions about a partner's physical attractiveness and its relations to relationship quality. Positive illusions were assumed to exist when individuals rated their partner as more attractive than their partner rated him or herself. In two Dutch community samples of 117 and 203 married or cohabiting heterosexual couples, both partners rated their own and their partner's facial and bodily att…
Sex differences in jealousy: The case of Internet infidelity
Studies investigating the events that elicit men's and women's jealousy consistently show that men's jealousy, more than women's jealousy, is triggered by a mate's sexual infidelity, and women's jealousy, more than men's jealousy, is triggered by a mate's emotional infidelity. Internet infidelity poses new challenges for modern couples. Therefore, the present study investigated men's and women's responses to emotional and sexual infidelity over t…
Perceptions of Ideal and Former Partners’ Personality and Similarity
The present study aimed to test predictions based on both the ̳similarity-attraction†̃ hypothesis and the ̳attraction-similarity†̃ hypothesis, by studying perceptions of ideal and former partners. Based on the ̳similarity-attraction†̃ hypothesis, we expected individuals to desire ideal partners who are similar to the self in personality. In addition, based on the ̳attraction-similarity hypothesis†̃, we expected individuals to perceiveformer partn…
Birth order and the dominance aspect of extraversion: Are firstborns more extraverted, in the sense of being dominant, than laterborns
The long‐term effect of social comparison on academic performance
The present study was part of a large‐scale cohort study among several thousand students in the Netherlands. The purpose of the study was to investigate the long‐term effects of comparison choice, i.e., comparison with a target performing better or worse than oneself, and academic comparative evaluation, i.e., the extent to which one thinks one's performance is better or worse than that of others, on scores on standardized tests for reading compr…
Women, Sex and Modern Society: The Sex Lives of Readers of a Dutch Women's Magazine
The purpose of this study was to examine the frequency to which heterosexual women engage in a range of sexual activities, such as sexual fantasizing and engaging in cybersex, and to examine women's level of satisfaction with their sex lives. In addition, we explored the role of age in women's sexual activities and satisfaction levels. A total of 4,470 heterosexual Dutch women participated in this study, ranging in age from 18 to 82. Results indi…
Humor Styles and their Relationship to Well-Being among the Gifted
The present study examined the extent to which a sample of 202 gifted individuals (members of Mensa) engaged in four humor styles and the extent to which these humor styles were related to their well-being. These results were compared to a comparative population sample (n = 265). Results showed that gifted individuals most often used positive humor styles. There were no within sex differences in the use of humor styles between the gifted sample a…
Positive illusions about a partner’s personality and relationship quality
An assessment of positive illusions of the physical attractiveness of romantic partners
Positive illusions about a partner's physical attractiveness occur when individuals' ratings of their partner's attractiveness are more positive than more objective ratings. Ratings that may serve as a''reality benchmark' include ratings by the partner him/herself and observer ratings. The present study compared the effects of using different reality benchmarks on the strength of positive partner physical attractiveness illusions ( n = 70 couples…
Partner Preferences of the Intellectually Gifted
To date, hardly anything is known about the partner preferences of the intellectually gifted. The present study therefore examined the extent to which 354 gifted individuals judged 17 characteristics to be important in a (potential) partner and compared these ratings with those obtained from a community sample (n = 554). Among other things, it was expected that, among the gifted, a (potential) partner's high intelligence would be judged to be mor…
Social comparison orientation as related to two types of closeness
Weight-Influenced Self-Esteem, Body Comparisons and Body Satisfaction: Findings among Women from The Netherlands and Curacao
Sex and Marriage With Members of Other Ethnic Groups: A Study in the Netherlands
Given the importance of interethnic intimate relationships for the integration of minority groups, the present study examined attitudes toward marriages and sexual relationships with in-group and out-group members among young second-generation immigrants in the Netherlands compared with the Dutch. A sample of 95 ethnically Dutch, 68 Moroccan, and 68 Turkish individuals aged between 15 and 25, living in the Netherlands filled out an online questio…
Psychology (28 works) · Social Psychology (24 works) · Developmental psychology (20 works) · Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior (19 works) · Demography (10 works) · Jealousy (9 works) · Social Psychology (9 works) · Attractiveness (8 works) · Consumer Behavior in Brand Consumption and Identification (8 works) · Marriage and Sexual Relationships (8 works)