Manfred Markus
Biographic Data
| ID | 3843036 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Manfred Markus |
| GIVEN NAMES | Manfred |
| FAMILY NAME | Markus |
| SIGNATURE | MARKUS M |
| AFFILIATIONS | Universität Innsbruck |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-5695-3818 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 19 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 3 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 19 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1990 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2024 |
| H-INDEX | 1 |
A Philologist’s Perspective on Artificial Intelligence – a Case Study into English Dialect Dictionary Online 4.0
Our paper seeks to bridge the gap between a linguistic and a technological description of Artificial Intelligence, as we see chatbots and other representations pushing to the forefront of academic ways of working. We set out to venture a philologist’s perspective on AI, critically reflecting upon the extent and nature of a lexicographical software’s ‘intelligence.’ We shall discuss and demonstrate AI’s potentials and limitations by adhering to th…
‘Dirt’ in dialect
Given today's general bias towards euphemisms (cf. Arif, 2015), the topic of this paper may seem embarrassing and ill-chosen. However, it makes sense to find out to what extent the spoken language of dialects in former centuries correlated with one of the dark sides of everyday reality. In Britain up to the second half of the 19 th century, traditional dialect was the common linguistic medium of the large majority of people (the lower and middle …
A critical assessment of English dialect feature catalogues
Scholars have traditionally described dialects in a selective way by identifying individual, supposedly characteristic, features in a certain area. However, modern dialectology ambitiously claims to depict dialectal areas holistically by simultaneously attributing a large number of important features to geographical space and measuring the difference between dialectal areas. In the face of this quantifying challenge, which some scholars refer to …
OED and EDD
This paper revisits the issue of the opaque interrelationship between the English Dialect Dictionary ( EDD ) and the Oxford English Dictionary ( OED ). While work on OED3 , the online version, has been in progress since 2000, the EDD was digitised in three phases between 2006 and 2019. EDD 3.0 , with its sophisticated interface, was launched in April 2019. This paper ventures to question the OED ’s policy of providing or omitting source evidence …
Joseph Wright’s sources in the English Dialect Dictionary
Linguists of historical English, of traditional dialects and present-day varieties of English, generally rely on written texts, now often available in the form of corpora. However, the historical development of English, including its regional dialects, was naturally rooted in the spoken vernacular, rather than the literary standard. This paper, based on EDD Online (3.0), therefore, argues that the wealth of sources as used by Wright in his compre…
Aphesis and Aphaeresis in Late Modern English Dialects (based on EDD Online )
Various technical terms concerning the internal structure of English words refer to the fact that parts of the original version of a word have been cut off or lost: aphesis, clipping, aphaeresis, elision, and many others. This paper focuses on the role of aphesis and aphaeresis in Late Modern English (LModE) dialects. The paper’s main aim is a close-up investigation of the specific conditioning factors. Given that aphesis and aphaeresis have been…
What did Joseph Wright mean by meaning
EDD Online, the online version of Joseph Wright’s English Dialect Dictionary, was completed by a project team at the University of Innsbruck in 2019. The sophisticated search-engine of the new interface 3.0 reveals the multi-faceted role of semantics in dialect words. Its complexity is due to both the fuzziness of lexical forms and the ambiguity of their meanings. This paper, beyond the theory-biased “complexity debate”, supports the opinion that…
EDD Online
The recent publication of EDD Online version 3.0 (March 2019), based on Joseph Wright’s English Dialect Dictionary (1898-1905), raises the question of what this last version, again provided by an Innsbruck project team, has added or changed in comparison to the previous ones. This paper describes the main improvements, focusing on five points: (1) the integration of the Supplement , (2) the implementation of a new kwic concordance, (3) the elabor…
Corporal Punishment in Late Modern English Dialects (an analysis based on EDD Online )
It is a sad fact that physical violence and, as a subtype, the corporal punishment of children and juveniles, practised by parents and other guardians, schools and clergy in both Europe and North America, have been part of our ‘Western’, i.e. Christian, cultural heritage, not to mention other world-cultures. I myself am old enough to remember the various common practices of physical violence used on children in the 1950s. At school in Germany, ca…
The Supplement to the English Dialect Dictionary
This paper sheds light on the structure and lexicographic value of the Supplement of Joseph Wright’s English Dialect Dictionary, published as part of the last volume in 1905. With its nearly 8,000 entries, the Supplement amounts to ca. 11% of the complete dictionary. The present study, based on EDD Online, argues that the Supplement, apart from its quantity, is also a valuable addition to the dictionary proper for reasons of the quality of the en…
The Survival of Shakespeare’s Language in English Dialects (on the Basis of EDD Online )
On the occasion of Shakespeare’s death 400 years ago and given his affinity to the “common people”, the question is raised of the survival of his vocabulary in English dialect words as represented by Joseph Wright’s English Dialect Dictionary (EDD; 1898–1905), which is still the best source on the areal distribution of dialect in the UK and overseas from 1700 to 1904, with some likelihood of validity even today. With the help of software recently…
Sirrah, What's Thy Name?”
Sirrah, as a form of address aimed at inferiors, is fairly frequent in Shakespeare's plays and those of the seventeenth century, but its etymology has, surprisingly, never been convincingly identified. To date, the only explanation available is that sirrah was a composition of sir and the interjection ah or ha. This hypothesis, often uncritically quoted, even by the Oxford English Dictionary (OED), goes back to John Minsheu, a lexicographer of th…
The relevance of spoken features in English as a foreign language (EFL)
An analysis of the need for attention to the spoken word and phonetics in the teaching of English world-wide. It is a truism that English is increasingly becoming a world language. Even in China a ‘craze for English’ has been, in view of the fact that over 200 million children (about 20% of all children in the world) now1 learn English in Chinese schools. McArthur has estimated that c.250 million Indians use English every day. All these speakers …
Bed & Board
Michiko Ogura, Verbs of motion in Medieval English
The Architecture of Joseph Wright's English Dialect Dictionary
In a recent paper (Markus 2007), a first general introduction to the Innsbruck project SPEED (Spoken English in Early Dialects) was given. The project, started on 1 July 2006, concerns itself with the digitisation and philological investigation of Joseph Wright's English Dialect Dictionary (1898–1905). The present paper describes the current tasks and problems faced by the project, mainly in view of the entry structure of the EDD and the difficul…
Bed & Board
On the growing role of semantic and pragmatic features in Middle English
Historical English
Aphesis and Aphaeresis in Late Modern English Dialects (based on EDD Online )
Various technical terms concerning the internal structure of English words refer to the fact that parts of the original version of a word have been cut off or lost: aphesis, clipping, aphaeresis, elision, and many others. This paper focuses on the role of aphesis and aphaeresis in Late Modern English (LModE) dialects. The paper’s main aim is a close-up investigation of the specific conditioning factors. Given that aphesis and aphaeresis have been…
The Survival of Shakespeare’s Language in English Dialects (on the Basis of EDD Online )
On the occasion of Shakespeare’s death 400 years ago and given his affinity to the “common people”, the question is raised of the survival of his vocabulary in English dialect words as represented by Joseph Wright’s English Dialect Dictionary (EDD; 1898–1905), which is still the best source on the areal distribution of dialect in the UK and overseas from 1700 to 1904, with some likelihood of validity even today. With the help of software recently…
The Architecture of Joseph Wright's English Dialect Dictionary
In a recent paper (Markus 2007), a first general introduction to the Innsbruck project SPEED (Spoken English in Early Dialects) was given. The project, started on 1 July 2006, concerns itself with the digitisation and philological investigation of Joseph Wright's English Dialect Dictionary (1898–1905). The present paper describes the current tasks and problems faced by the project, mainly in view of the entry structure of the EDD and the difficul…
Historical English
On the growing role of semantic and pragmatic features in Middle English
Bed & Board
Bed & Board
Michiko Ogura, Verbs of motion in Medieval English
The Architecture of Joseph Wright's English Dialect Dictionary
In a recent paper (Markus 2007), a first general introduction to the Innsbruck project SPEED (Spoken English in Early Dialects) was given. The project, started on 1 July 2006, concerns itself with the digitisation and philological investigation of Joseph Wright's English Dialect Dictionary (1898–1905). The present paper describes the current tasks and problems faced by the project, mainly in view of the entry structure of the EDD and the difficul…
The relevance of spoken features in English as a foreign language (EFL)
An analysis of the need for attention to the spoken word and phonetics in the teaching of English world-wide. It is a truism that English is increasingly becoming a world language. Even in China a ‘craze for English’ has been, in view of the fact that over 200 million children (about 20% of all children in the world) now1 learn English in Chinese schools. McArthur has estimated that c.250 million Indians use English every day. All these speakers …
Sirrah, What's Thy Name?”
Sirrah, as a form of address aimed at inferiors, is fairly frequent in Shakespeare's plays and those of the seventeenth century, but its etymology has, surprisingly, never been convincingly identified. To date, the only explanation available is that sirrah was a composition of sir and the interjection ah or ha. This hypothesis, often uncritically quoted, even by the Oxford English Dictionary (OED), goes back to John Minsheu, a lexicographer of th…
The Survival of Shakespeare’s Language in English Dialects (on the Basis of EDD Online )
On the occasion of Shakespeare’s death 400 years ago and given his affinity to the “common people”, the question is raised of the survival of his vocabulary in English dialect words as represented by Joseph Wright’s English Dialect Dictionary (EDD; 1898–1905), which is still the best source on the areal distribution of dialect in the UK and overseas from 1700 to 1904, with some likelihood of validity even today. With the help of software recently…
Corporal Punishment in Late Modern English Dialects (an analysis based on EDD Online )
It is a sad fact that physical violence and, as a subtype, the corporal punishment of children and juveniles, practised by parents and other guardians, schools and clergy in both Europe and North America, have been part of our ‘Western’, i.e. Christian, cultural heritage, not to mention other world-cultures. I myself am old enough to remember the various common practices of physical violence used on children in the 1950s. At school in Germany, ca…
The Supplement to the English Dialect Dictionary
This paper sheds light on the structure and lexicographic value of the Supplement of Joseph Wright’s English Dialect Dictionary, published as part of the last volume in 1905. With its nearly 8,000 entries, the Supplement amounts to ca. 11% of the complete dictionary. The present study, based on EDD Online, argues that the Supplement, apart from its quantity, is also a valuable addition to the dictionary proper for reasons of the quality of the en…
EDD Online
The recent publication of EDD Online version 3.0 (March 2019), based on Joseph Wright’s English Dialect Dictionary (1898-1905), raises the question of what this last version, again provided by an Innsbruck project team, has added or changed in comparison to the previous ones. This paper describes the main improvements, focusing on five points: (1) the integration of the Supplement , (2) the implementation of a new kwic concordance, (3) the elabor…
What did Joseph Wright mean by meaning
EDD Online, the online version of Joseph Wright’s English Dialect Dictionary, was completed by a project team at the University of Innsbruck in 2019. The sophisticated search-engine of the new interface 3.0 reveals the multi-faceted role of semantics in dialect words. Its complexity is due to both the fuzziness of lexical forms and the ambiguity of their meanings. This paper, beyond the theory-biased “complexity debate”, supports the opinion that…
OED and EDD
This paper revisits the issue of the opaque interrelationship between the English Dialect Dictionary ( EDD ) and the Oxford English Dictionary ( OED ). While work on OED3 , the online version, has been in progress since 2000, the EDD was digitised in three phases between 2006 and 2019. EDD 3.0 , with its sophisticated interface, was launched in April 2019. This paper ventures to question the OED ’s policy of providing or omitting source evidence …
Joseph Wright’s sources in the English Dialect Dictionary
Linguists of historical English, of traditional dialects and present-day varieties of English, generally rely on written texts, now often available in the form of corpora. However, the historical development of English, including its regional dialects, was naturally rooted in the spoken vernacular, rather than the literary standard. This paper, based on EDD Online (3.0), therefore, argues that the wealth of sources as used by Wright in his compre…
Aphesis and Aphaeresis in Late Modern English Dialects (based on EDD Online )
Various technical terms concerning the internal structure of English words refer to the fact that parts of the original version of a word have been cut off or lost: aphesis, clipping, aphaeresis, elision, and many others. This paper focuses on the role of aphesis and aphaeresis in Late Modern English (LModE) dialects. The paper’s main aim is a close-up investigation of the specific conditioning factors. Given that aphesis and aphaeresis have been…
‘Dirt’ in dialect
Given today's general bias towards euphemisms (cf. Arif, 2015), the topic of this paper may seem embarrassing and ill-chosen. However, it makes sense to find out to what extent the spoken language of dialects in former centuries correlated with one of the dark sides of everyday reality. In Britain up to the second half of the 19 th century, traditional dialect was the common linguistic medium of the large majority of people (the lower and middle …
A critical assessment of English dialect feature catalogues
Scholars have traditionally described dialects in a selective way by identifying individual, supposedly characteristic, features in a certain area. However, modern dialectology ambitiously claims to depict dialectal areas holistically by simultaneously attributing a large number of important features to geographical space and measuring the difference between dialectal areas. In the face of this quantifying challenge, which some scholars refer to …
A Philologist’s Perspective on Artificial Intelligence – a Case Study into English Dialect Dictionary Online 4.0
Our paper seeks to bridge the gap between a linguistic and a technological description of Artificial Intelligence, as we see chatbots and other representations pushing to the forefront of academic ways of working. We set out to venture a philologist’s perspective on AI, critically reflecting upon the extent and nature of a lexicographical software’s ‘intelligence.’ We shall discuss and demonstrate AI’s potentials and limitations by adhering to th…
Linguistics (16 works) · Lexicography and Language Studies (13 works) · Computer Science (12 works) · History (10 works) · Linguistic Variation and Morphology (10 works) · Philosophy (10 works) · Linguistics, Language Diversity, and Identity (9 works) · Art (7 works) · Linguistics and language evolution (6 works) · Literature (6 works)