J Christopher Brown
Biographic Data
| ID | 3846044 |
|---|---|
| NAME | J Christopher Brown |
| GIVEN NAMES | J Christopher |
| FAMILY NAME | Brown |
| SIGNATURE | BROWN J C |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Kansas |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-1261-4574 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 32 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 420 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 32 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1966 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2023 |
| H-INDEX | 10 |
Land use and green crime: Assessing the edge effect
Involvement, Engagement, and Community: Dimensions and Correlates of Parental Participation in a Majority–Minority Urban School District
This study examines parental participation in children’s schooling. Using a survey of parents of children attending a majority Hispanic school district, we employ exploratory factor analysis and determine that standard forms of participation align along two dimensions: Involvement and Engagement. Analysis reveals a third dimension: Parental Community. The data suggest that income but not educational attainment influence Involvement, whereas famil…
A Q methodology application on disaster perceptions for adaptation and resiliency in an Andean watershed symposium: Water and climate in Latin America
Intensification in agriculture-forest frontiers: Land use responses to development and conservation policies in Brazil
Deforestation associated with agricultural expansion, particularly that of extensive cattle ranching, remains a pressing challenge for sustainable development and climate mitigation efforts in South America. In response to these challenges, national and local governments, as well as private and non-governmental actors, have developed new forest conservation governance mechanisms. In addition to reducing deforestation for agricultural expansion, i…
Mismatches between mill-cultivated sugarcane and smallholding farming in Brazil: Environmental and socioeconomic impacts
Infant mortality decline in rural and urban Bavaria: Fertility, economic transformation, infant care, and inequality in Bavaria and Munich, 1825–1910
During most of the nineteenth century, Bavaria was notorious for infant mortality rates that were among the highest in Europe. After 1870, infant mortality in Bavaria began a sustained decline. This decline, which was impressive in urban areas, was even more dramatic in Bavaria's capital, Munich. From a peak of 40 deaths per 100 births in the 1860s, infant mortality had fallen two‐thirds by 1914. This article examines the causes of infant mortali…
Using an analytic hierarchy process approach to prioritize public policies addressing family farming in Brazil
Land occupations and deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon
NGOs, Turnout, and the Left: A Sub-national Analysis of Brazil
This article is designed to examine the role non-governmental organizations (NGOs) play in politics. Previous evidence suggests that NGOs mobilize communities to challenge existing patterns of authority or that they serve hand in glove with existing elites. We reconcile these two contradictory findings by identifying an important contextual feature that helps determine the extent NGOs mobilize or anesthetize. We argue that a community’s level of …
The Aids epidemic in the Amazon region: A spatial case-control study in Rondonia, Brazil
OBJECTIVE To analyze spatial changes in the risk of AIDS and the relationship between AIDS incidence and socioeconomic variables in the state of Rondonia, Amazon region. METHODS A spatial, population case-control study in Rondonia, Brazil, based on 1,780 cases reported to the Epidemiological Surveillance System and controls based on demographic data from 1987 to 2006. The cases were grouped into five consecutive four-year periods. A generalized a…
Compliance and market exclusion in Brazilian agriculture: Analysis and implications for “soft” governance
Spatial distribution of the risk of dengue fever in southeast Brazil, 2006-2007
Age and presence of more than 10 breeding sites were significant only for severe cases. Other predictors of mild and severe cases were similar in the multiple models. The analyses of multinomial models and spatial distribution maps of dengue fever probabilities suggest an area-specific epidemic with varying clinical and demographic characteristics
The Electoral Consequences of Direct Political Action: Evidence from Brazil
Democracy affords citizens the ability to influence policy through participation in elections and through direct political action. Though previous scholarship evaluates the impact each strategy has on outcomes, little if any work exists that examines how one strategy, direct action, affects success in the other, elections. This study analyzes the relationship between land occupations and the electoral success of the Workers' Party in Brazil betwe…
Who Gives, Who Receives, and Who Wins: Transforming Capital Into Political Change Through Nongovernmental Organizations
How does international support for nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) lead to political change in the developing world? Massive amounts of domestic government spending and international aid are now distributed through NGOs instead of state bureaucracies. Recent scholarship suggests that this decentralization of developmental aid to NGOs has unintended political effects on recipient communities, but the mechanisms driving political effects are u…
Promoting and Preventing Political Change Through Internationally Funded NGO Activity
A growing percentage of international aid is distributed through local nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). Scholarship is divided on how that aid affects domestic politics. One side argues that aid to NGOs reinforces the status quo. As NGOs become dependent on external funding, they lose sight of their original goals. The other side contends that channeling funds to NGOs generates associational activity, producing political change by empowering…
Regions and time in the European fertility transition: Problems in the Princeton Project’s statistical methodology 1
Much empirical social‐science research, including work in economic and demographic history, has relied on the analysis of published information on administrative districts. One famous example of this type of research, the Princeton Project on the Decline of Fertility in Europe (EFP), was carried out at Princeton University’s Office of Population Research in the 1960s and 1970s. This project aimed to characterize the decline of fertility that took…
Soybean Production and Conversion of Tropical Forest in the Brazilian Amazon: The Case of Vilhena, Rondônia
The recent rise in Brazilian soybean production has generated concern among the environmental community and some authors that natural tropical environments of the Amazon Basin are being converted to soybean fields. Proponents of soybean production counter that soybeans represent a viable agricultural commodity for the region; environmental concern is unwarranted, because new soybean fields are replacing already deforested or otherwise transformed…
Soybean Production and Conversion of Tropical Forest in the Brazilian Amazon: The Case of Vilhena, Rondônia
The recent rise in Brazilian soybean production has generated concern among the environmental community and some authors that natural tropical environments of the Amazon Basin are being converted to soybean fields. Proponents of soybean production counter that soybeans represent a viable agricultural commodity for the region; environmental concern is unwarranted, because new soybean fields are replacing already deforested or otherwise transformed…
There’s nothing inherent about scale: Political ecology, the local trap, and the politics of development in the Brazilian Amazon
Paving the way to political change: Decentralization of development in the Brazilian Amazon
Against the local trap: Scale and the Study of Environment and Development
This paper argues against what we call 'the local trap', in which development researchers and practitioners falsely assume that localized decision-making is inherently more socially just or ecologically sustainable. The local trap constrains research on a range of topics in development research, including productive conservation networks, agro-forestry, community-based natural resource management, common property regimes and community-based colla…
Fertility transition in a rural, Catholic population: Bavaria, 1880–1910
The decline of human fertility that occurred in Europe and North America in the nineteenth century, and elsewhere in the twentieth, remains a topic of debate largely because there is no accepted explanation for the event. This paper uses district-level data from Bavaria to study the correlates of the decline of fertility in that German kingdom in the nineteenth century. Bavaria's fertility transition was later and less dramatic than in other part…
Left Turn on Green: The Unintended Consequences of International Funding for Sustainable Development in Brazil
This article presents the first attempt to examine the political consequences of internationally funded programs that target local nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). Although the purported mission of NGOs is often economic, humanitarian, or environmental, the authors suggest that their impact is also profoundly political. Injections of international resources into underdeveloped, often clientelistic societies can fundamentally change the natur…
Imperfect Competition and Anglo-German Trade Rivalry: Markets for Cotton Textiles before 1914
This article reappraises export performance on international markets before World War I by examinnig the case of cotton textiles. The German industry expanded its market share from the 1850s to 1914 despite remaining a high-cost industry relative to Great Britain. Evidence from contemporary accounts and analysis of trade data from 1913 suggests that German success arose in part from the importance of monopolistic competition in export markets for…
The Munich Polizeimeldebögen as a Source for Quantitative History
We document a previously unused and particularly rich micro source: the Munich Polizeimeldebogen (PMBs) the registration system used by Munich and other German city authorities during the nineteenth century to keep track of their populations. (EXCERPT)
There’s nothing inherent about scale: Political ecology, the local trap, and the politics of development in the Brazilian Amazon
Against the local trap: Scale and the Study of Environment and Development
This paper argues against what we call 'the local trap', in which development researchers and practitioners falsely assume that localized decision-making is inherently more socially just or ecologically sustainable. The local trap constrains research on a range of topics in development research, including productive conservation networks, agro-forestry, community-based natural resource management, common property regimes and community-based colla…
Fertility transition in a rural, Catholic population: Bavaria, 1880–1910
The decline of human fertility that occurred in Europe and North America in the nineteenth century, and elsewhere in the twentieth, remains a topic of debate largely because there is no accepted explanation for the event. This paper uses district-level data from Bavaria to study the correlates of the decline of fertility in that German kingdom in the nineteenth century. Bavaria's fertility transition was later and less dramatic than in other part…
Regions and time in the European fertility transition: Problems in the Princeton Project’s statistical methodology 1
Much empirical social‐science research, including work in economic and demographic history, has relied on the analysis of published information on administrative districts. One famous example of this type of research, the Princeton Project on the Decline of Fertility in Europe (EFP), was carried out at Princeton University’s Office of Population Research in the 1960s and 1970s. This project aimed to characterize the decline of fertility that took…
Intensification in agriculture-forest frontiers: Land use responses to development and conservation policies in Brazil
Deforestation associated with agricultural expansion, particularly that of extensive cattle ranching, remains a pressing challenge for sustainable development and climate mitigation efforts in South America. In response to these challenges, national and local governments, as well as private and non-governmental actors, have developed new forest conservation governance mechanisms. In addition to reducing deforestation for agricultural expansion, i…
Who Gives, Who Receives, and Who Wins: Transforming Capital Into Political Change Through Nongovernmental Organizations
How does international support for nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) lead to political change in the developing world? Massive amounts of domestic government spending and international aid are now distributed through NGOs instead of state bureaucracies. Recent scholarship suggests that this decentralization of developmental aid to NGOs has unintended political effects on recipient communities, but the mechanisms driving political effects are u…
Soybean Production and Conversion of Tropical Forest in the Brazilian Amazon: The Case of Vilhena, Rondônia
The recent rise in Brazilian soybean production has generated concern among the environmental community and some authors that natural tropical environments of the Amazon Basin are being converted to soybean fields. Proponents of soybean production counter that soybeans represent a viable agricultural commodity for the region; environmental concern is unwarranted, because new soybean fields are replacing already deforested or otherwise transformed…
Imperfect Competition and Anglo-German Trade Rivalry: Markets for Cotton Textiles before 1914
This article reappraises export performance on international markets before World War I by examinnig the case of cotton textiles. The German industry expanded its market share from the 1850s to 1914 despite remaining a high-cost industry relative to Great Britain. Evidence from contemporary accounts and analysis of trade data from 1913 suggests that German success arose in part from the importance of monopolistic competition in export markets for…
Coping with Crisis? The Diffusion of Waterworks in Late Nineteenth-Century German Towns
The article examines the diffusion of waterworks in one hundred Rhenish Prussian towns. It exploits features of the institutions of local political representation to develop and estimate a median voter model of demand for water capacity. The results suggest that rising income of the median voter and demand of industrial users, rather than crises in public health, spurred the installation of improved water supply
Left Turn on Green: The Unintended Consequences of International Funding for Sustainable Development in Brazil
This article presents the first attempt to examine the political consequences of internationally funded programs that target local nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). Although the purported mission of NGOs is often economic, humanitarian, or environmental, the authors suggest that their impact is also profoundly political. Injections of international resources into underdeveloped, often clientelistic societies can fundamentally change the natur…
Compliance and market exclusion in Brazilian agriculture: Analysis and implications for “soft” governance
Using an analytic hierarchy process approach to prioritize public policies addressing family farming in Brazil
Land occupations and deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon
Infant mortality decline in rural and urban Bavaria: Fertility, economic transformation, infant care, and inequality in Bavaria and Munich, 1825–1910
During most of the nineteenth century, Bavaria was notorious for infant mortality rates that were among the highest in Europe. After 1870, infant mortality in Bavaria began a sustained decline. This decline, which was impressive in urban areas, was even more dramatic in Bavaria's capital, Munich. From a peak of 40 deaths per 100 births in the 1860s, infant mortality had fallen two‐thirds by 1914. This article examines the causes of infant mortali…
The Condition of England and the Standard of Living: Cotton Textiles in the Northwest, 1806–1850
This article examines the workers' standard of living in the cotton textile industry of Northwest England from 1806 to 1850. Hedonic earnings regressions using 1835 data suggest that power-loom weavers required substantial compensation for the high rents and poor sanitation of urban locations. Adjusting earnings in the factory sector for the impact of urbanization cuts growth in living standards by 10 percent, or up to one-quarter of gains realiz…
Reforming the Urban Environment: Sanitation, Housing, and Government Intervention in Germany, 1870-1910
European and American cities grappled with severe housing and sanitation problems during the rapid urban growth after 1850. They responded with innovations in government intervention--massive investments in sewers and waterworks and the regulation of housing and l and use--that are today institutionalized in comprehensive urban planning. Breaking new ground in the economic analysis of urban history, the three essays of this dissertation examine t…
Paving the way to political change: Decentralization of development in the Brazilian Amazon
The Munich Polizeimeldebögen as a Source for Quantitative History
We document a previously unused and particularly rich micro source: the Munich Polizeimeldebogen (PMBs) the registration system used by Munich and other German city authorities during the nineteenth century to keep track of their populations. (EXCERPT)
Market Organization, Protection, and Vertical Integration: German Cotton Textiles before 1914
This article examines the causes for the relatively high degree of vertical integration in the German cotton textile industry before 1914. Underdeveloped input and output markets exposed German textile firms to price risks not faced by English firms that had access to highly-developed cotton, yarn, and cloth markets. In addition, tariff protection may have prompted integration by its impact on market development. In the weaving sector in particul…
Involvement, Engagement, and Community: Dimensions and Correlates of Parental Participation in a Majority–Minority Urban School District
This study examines parental participation in children’s schooling. Using a survey of parents of children attending a majority Hispanic school district, we employ exploratory factor analysis and determine that standard forms of participation align along two dimensions: Involvement and Engagement. Analysis reveals a third dimension: Parental Community. The data suggest that income but not educational attainment influence Involvement, whereas famil…
The Electoral Consequences of Direct Political Action: Evidence from Brazil
Democracy affords citizens the ability to influence policy through participation in elections and through direct political action. Though previous scholarship evaluates the impact each strategy has on outcomes, little if any work exists that examines how one strategy, direct action, affects success in the other, elections. This study analyzes the relationship between land occupations and the electoral success of the Workers' Party in Brazil betwe…
Public Reform for Private Gain? The Case of Investments in Sanitary Infrastructure: Germany, 1880-1887
Mismatches between mill-cultivated sugarcane and smallholding farming in Brazil: Environmental and socioeconomic impacts
NGOs, Turnout, and the Left: A Sub-national Analysis of Brazil
This article is designed to examine the role non-governmental organizations (NGOs) play in politics. Previous evidence suggests that NGOs mobilize communities to challenge existing patterns of authority or that they serve hand in glove with existing elites. We reconcile these two contradictory findings by identifying an important contextual feature that helps determine the extent NGOs mobilize or anesthetize. We argue that a community’s level of …
Soybean Production and Conversion of Tropical Forest in the Brazilian Amazon: The Case of Vilhena, Rondônia
The recent rise in Brazilian soybean production has generated concern among the environmental community and some authors that natural tropical environments of the Amazon Basin are being converted to soybean fields. Proponents of soybean production counter that soybeans represent a viable agricultural commodity for the region; environmental concern is unwarranted, because new soybean fields are replacing already deforested or otherwise transformed…
Aid to the West Indies: A Survey of Attitudes and Needs, The West Indian Scene and Decisions of Nationhood: Political and Social Development in the British Caribbean
Books
The Urban Programme and snark‐hunting John Edwards and Richard Batley, The Politics of Positive Discrimination. Tavistock Publications, 1978, 287 pp., £9.95. Politics and race in Britain Robert Miles and Annie Phizacklea, Racism and Political Action in Britain, Routledge and Kegan Paul, London, 1979, £3.75. The police and the public Peter Hain (ed.), Derek Humphrey, Brian Rose‐Smith, Policing the Police Vol. 1. Platform Books, 1979, 192pp., £2.95…
Coping with Crisis? The Diffusion of Waterworks in Late Nineteenth-Century German Towns
The article examines the diffusion of waterworks in one hundred Rhenish Prussian towns. It exploits features of the institutions of local political representation to develop and estimate a median voter model of demand for water capacity. The results suggest that rising income of the median voter and demand of industrial users, rather than crises in public health, spurred the installation of improved water supply
Public Reform for Private Gain? The Case of Investments in Sanitary Infrastructure: Germany, 1880-1887
Reforming the Urban Environment: Sanitation, Housing, and Government Intervention in Germany, 1870-1910
European and American cities grappled with severe housing and sanitation problems during the rapid urban growth after 1850. They responded with innovations in government intervention--massive investments in sewers and waterworks and the regulation of housing and l and use--that are today institutionalized in comprehensive urban planning. Breaking new ground in the economic analysis of urban history, the three essays of this dissertation examine t…
The Condition of England and the Standard of Living: Cotton Textiles in the Northwest, 1806–1850
This article examines the workers' standard of living in the cotton textile industry of Northwest England from 1806 to 1850. Hedonic earnings regressions using 1835 data suggest that power-loom weavers required substantial compensation for the high rents and poor sanitation of urban locations. Adjusting earnings in the factory sector for the impact of urbanization cuts growth in living standards by 10 percent, or up to one-quarter of gains realiz…
Market Organization, Protection, and Vertical Integration: German Cotton Textiles before 1914
This article examines the causes for the relatively high degree of vertical integration in the German cotton textile industry before 1914. Underdeveloped input and output markets exposed German textile firms to price risks not faced by English firms that had access to highly-developed cotton, yarn, and cloth markets. In addition, tariff protection may have prompted integration by its impact on market development. In the weaving sector in particul…
The Munich Polizeimeldebögen as a Source for Quantitative History
We document a previously unused and particularly rich micro source: the Munich Polizeimeldebogen (PMBs) the registration system used by Munich and other German city authorities during the nineteenth century to keep track of their populations. (EXCERPT)
Imperfect Competition and Anglo-German Trade Rivalry: Markets for Cotton Textiles before 1914
This article reappraises export performance on international markets before World War I by examinnig the case of cotton textiles. The German industry expanded its market share from the 1850s to 1914 despite remaining a high-cost industry relative to Great Britain. Evidence from contemporary accounts and analysis of trade data from 1913 suggests that German success arose in part from the importance of monopolistic competition in export markets for…
Fertility transition in a rural, Catholic population: Bavaria, 1880–1910
The decline of human fertility that occurred in Europe and North America in the nineteenth century, and elsewhere in the twentieth, remains a topic of debate largely because there is no accepted explanation for the event. This paper uses district-level data from Bavaria to study the correlates of the decline of fertility in that German kingdom in the nineteenth century. Bavaria's fertility transition was later and less dramatic than in other part…
Left Turn on Green: The Unintended Consequences of International Funding for Sustainable Development in Brazil
This article presents the first attempt to examine the political consequences of internationally funded programs that target local nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). Although the purported mission of NGOs is often economic, humanitarian, or environmental, the authors suggest that their impact is also profoundly political. Injections of international resources into underdeveloped, often clientelistic societies can fundamentally change the natur…
Soybean Production and Conversion of Tropical Forest in the Brazilian Amazon: The Case of Vilhena, Rondônia
The recent rise in Brazilian soybean production has generated concern among the environmental community and some authors that natural tropical environments of the Amazon Basin are being converted to soybean fields. Proponents of soybean production counter that soybeans represent a viable agricultural commodity for the region; environmental concern is unwarranted, because new soybean fields are replacing already deforested or otherwise transformed…
Soybean Production and Conversion of Tropical Forest in the Brazilian Amazon: The Case of Vilhena, Rondônia
The recent rise in Brazilian soybean production has generated concern among the environmental community and some authors that natural tropical environments of the Amazon Basin are being converted to soybean fields. Proponents of soybean production counter that soybeans represent a viable agricultural commodity for the region; environmental concern is unwarranted, because new soybean fields are replacing already deforested or otherwise transformed…
There’s nothing inherent about scale: Political ecology, the local trap, and the politics of development in the Brazilian Amazon
Paving the way to political change: Decentralization of development in the Brazilian Amazon
Against the local trap: Scale and the Study of Environment and Development
This paper argues against what we call 'the local trap', in which development researchers and practitioners falsely assume that localized decision-making is inherently more socially just or ecologically sustainable. The local trap constrains research on a range of topics in development research, including productive conservation networks, agro-forestry, community-based natural resource management, common property regimes and community-based colla…
Promoting and Preventing Political Change Through Internationally Funded NGO Activity
A growing percentage of international aid is distributed through local nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). Scholarship is divided on how that aid affects domestic politics. One side argues that aid to NGOs reinforces the status quo. As NGOs become dependent on external funding, they lose sight of their original goals. The other side contends that channeling funds to NGOs generates associational activity, producing political change by empowering…
Regions and time in the European fertility transition: Problems in the Princeton Project’s statistical methodology 1
Much empirical social‐science research, including work in economic and demographic history, has relied on the analysis of published information on administrative districts. One famous example of this type of research, the Princeton Project on the Decline of Fertility in Europe (EFP), was carried out at Princeton University’s Office of Population Research in the 1960s and 1970s. This project aimed to characterize the decline of fertility that took…
Who Gives, Who Receives, and Who Wins: Transforming Capital Into Political Change Through Nongovernmental Organizations
How does international support for nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) lead to political change in the developing world? Massive amounts of domestic government spending and international aid are now distributed through NGOs instead of state bureaucracies. Recent scholarship suggests that this decentralization of developmental aid to NGOs has unintended political effects on recipient communities, but the mechanisms driving political effects are u…
Spatial distribution of the risk of dengue fever in southeast Brazil, 2006-2007
Age and presence of more than 10 breeding sites were significant only for severe cases. Other predictors of mild and severe cases were similar in the multiple models. The analyses of multinomial models and spatial distribution maps of dengue fever probabilities suggest an area-specific epidemic with varying clinical and demographic characteristics
The Electoral Consequences of Direct Political Action: Evidence from Brazil
Democracy affords citizens the ability to influence policy through participation in elections and through direct political action. Though previous scholarship evaluates the impact each strategy has on outcomes, little if any work exists that examines how one strategy, direct action, affects success in the other, elections. This study analyzes the relationship between land occupations and the electoral success of the Workers' Party in Brazil betwe…
Compliance and market exclusion in Brazilian agriculture: Analysis and implications for “soft” governance
The Aids epidemic in the Amazon region: A spatial case-control study in Rondonia, Brazil
OBJECTIVE To analyze spatial changes in the risk of AIDS and the relationship between AIDS incidence and socioeconomic variables in the state of Rondonia, Amazon region. METHODS A spatial, population case-control study in Rondonia, Brazil, based on 1,780 cases reported to the Epidemiological Surveillance System and controls based on demographic data from 1987 to 2006. The cases were grouped into five consecutive four-year periods. A generalized a…
NGOs, Turnout, and the Left: A Sub-national Analysis of Brazil
This article is designed to examine the role non-governmental organizations (NGOs) play in politics. Previous evidence suggests that NGOs mobilize communities to challenge existing patterns of authority or that they serve hand in glove with existing elites. We reconcile these two contradictory findings by identifying an important contextual feature that helps determine the extent NGOs mobilize or anesthetize. We argue that a community’s level of …
Using an analytic hierarchy process approach to prioritize public policies addressing family farming in Brazil
Economics (21 works) · Geography (20 works) · Political science (18 works) · Sociology (12 works) · Politics (11 works) · Business (10 works) · Law (10 works) · Economic growth (9 works) · Historical Economic and Social Studies (9 works) · Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management (8 works)