Andrew Mceachin
Biographic Data
| ID | 385545 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Andrew Mceachin |
| GIVEN NAMES | Andrew |
| FAMILY NAME | Mceachin |
| SIGNATURE | MCEACHIN A |
| AFFILIATIONS | RAND Corporation |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-5113-6616 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 24 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 125 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 24 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2011 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 7 |
Impacts of Academic Recovery Interventions on Student Achievement in 2022 to 2023
The COVID-19 pandemic caused large, persistent declines in student achievement. This paper examines 2022–2023 recovery efforts across eight districts, including tutoring, small-group instruction, after-school, extended year, double-dose, digital learning, and expert teacher interventions. The study includes 12 math programs and 15 literacy programs (three covered both subjects). Most served fewer students and provided lower dosage than planned. U…
Combined Schools as a (Non) Protective Factor During the Covid-19 Pandemic: Exploring Middle School Transitions Under Typical versus Atypical School Conditions
Combined schools spanning the elementary and middle grades (like K–8 schools) can protect students from harms associated with structural transitions by offering a stable school environment at a time when youth are undergoing many physical, psychological, and social changes. Using math and reading MAP Growth assessment scores from 20,000 students in parallel prepandemic and pandemic event studies, we investigate the extent to which the protective …
Structuring Choice Policy, School Segregation and the Two-Staged School Choice Process
School choice is both an important tool for school desegregation policy and an enabler of racial segregation. In this paper, we used a two-stage model of complex decision making to illustrate the relationship between school choice policy structure and school segregation. Our analyses draw on data describing the choices available to kindergarteners entering the Wake County Public School System between 2000 and 2010. As it pursued school diversity …
Summer School as a Learning Loss Recovery Strategy After Covid-19: Evidence from Summer 2022
To make up for pandemic-related learning losses, many U.S. public school districts have increased enrollment in their summer school programs. We assessed summer school as a strategy for COVID-19 learning recovery by tracking the academic progress of students who attended summer school in 2022 across eight districts serving 400,000 students. Using value-added models that control for students’ demographics and prior achievement, we estimated a posi…
Virtual charter students have worse labor market outcomes as young adults
Virtual charter schools are increasingly popular, yet there is little research on the long-term outcomes of virtual charter students. In this research note, we link statewide education records from 9th grade students in Oregon with information on criminal legal contact and IRS records containing earnings information housed at the U.S. Census Bureau to provide evidence on how virtual charter students fare as young adults. Virtual charter students …
A Replication of a Quasi-Experimental Approach to Estimating Middle School Structural Transition Effects on Student Learning Trajectories
Using a dataset that includes over 17 million students from across all 50 states, we estimate the causal impact of making structural transitions into middle school (in grades 4, 5, 6, or 7) on student math and reading achievement trajectories. This dataset provides an ideal opportunity to engage in the valuable scientific practice of conducting replication studies. Prior research on the impacts of middle school transitions is of high quality and …
Award Given by the Vernon Prize Committee for Volume 40 of Jpam
The Kids on the Bus: The Academic Consequences of Diversity‐Driven School Reassignments
Many public school diversity efforts rely on reassigning students from one school to another. While opponents of such efforts articulate concerns about the consequences of reassignments for students' educational experiences, little evidence exists regarding these effects, particularly in contemporary policy contexts. Using an event study design, we leverage data from an innovative socioeconomic school desegregation plan to estimate the effects of…
School’s Out: The Role of Summers in Understanding Achievement Disparities
Summer learning loss (SLL) is a familiar and much-studied phenomenon, yet new concerns that measurement artifacts may have distorted canonical SLL findings create a need to revisit basic research on SLL. Though race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status only account for about 4% of the variance in SLL, nearly all prior work focuses on these factors. We zoom out to the full spread of differential SLL and its contribution to students’ positions in the…
Social returns to private choice? Effects of charter schools on behavioral outcomes, arrests, and civic participation
Heterogeneous Effects of Early Algebra across California Middle Schools
How should schools assign students to more rigorous math courses so as best to help their academic outcomes? We identify several hundred California middle schools that used 7th-grade test scores to place students into 8th-grade algebra courses and use a regression discontinuity design to estimate average impacts and heterogeneity across schools. Enrolling in 8th-grade algebra boosts students' enrollment in advanced math in ninth grade by 30 perce…
A Letter From the Editors: Reflections on Generative, Cross-Cutting, Transformative, and Timely Education Research
Not Where You Start, but How Much You Grow: An Addendum to the Coleman Report
The Equality of Educational Opportunity Study (1966)—the Coleman Report—lodged a key takeaway in the minds of educators, researchers, and parents: Schools do not strongly shape students’ achievement outcomes. This finding has been influential to the field; however, Coleman himself suggested that—had longitudinal data been available to him—decomposing the variance in students’ growth rates rather than their levels of achievement would have provide…
Socioeconomic-Based School Assignment Policy and Racial Segregation Levels: Evidence From the Wake County Public School System
In the wake of political and legal challenges facing race-based integration, districts have turned to socioeconomic integration initiatives in an attempt to achieve greater racial balance across schools. Empirically, the extent to which these initiatives generate such balance is an open question. In this article, we leverage the school assignment system that the Wake County Public School System employed throughout the 2000s to provide evidence on…
Beyond Tracking and Detracking: The Dimensions of Organizational Differentiation in Schools
Schools use an array of strategies to match curricula and instruction to students' heterogeneous skills. Although generations of scholars have debated ''tracking'' and its consequences, the literature fails to account for diversity of school-level sorting practices. In this article, we draw on the work of Sørensen and others to articulate and develop empirical measures of five distinct dimensions of within-school cross-classroom tracking systems:…
Student Enrollment Patterns and Achievement in Ohio’s Online Charter Schools
We utilize state data of nearly 1.7 million students in Ohio to study a specific sector of online education: K–12 schools that deliver most, if not all, education online, lack a brick-and-mortar presence, and enroll students full-time. First, we explore e-school enrollment patterns and how these patterns vary by student subgroups and geography. Second, we evaluate the impact of e-schools on students’ learning, comparing student outcomes in e-scho…
The Every Student Succeeds Act, the Decline of the Federal Role in Education Policy, and the Curbing of Executive Authority
This article analyzes the Every Student Succeeds Act of 2015 and the evolving role of the federal government in educational policy. We rely on John Kingdon’s policy window framework to evaluate how key political constituencies on both the political right and left pressured Congress to limit both the executive branch and federal roles in educational policy. We find that policies during the Obama Administration shifted political attitudes on key is…
Waivering as Governance: Federalism During the Obama Administration
This article analyzes how the Obama administration used executive power to grant waivers from federal education policies and assesses whether they used this power differently than previous administrations and in other sectors (e.g., health or welfare). The executive use of waivers to shape state policy is not a new trend. However, we find that recent education waivers differ in purpose and specificity from past education waivers, as well as waive…
Detracking and Tracking Up: Mathematics Course Placements in California Middle Schools, 2003–2013
Between 2003 and 2013, the proportion of California eighth graders enrolled in algebra or a more advanced course nearly doubled to 65%. In this article, we consider the organizational processes that accompanied this curricular intensification. Facing a complex set of accountability, institutional, technical/functional, and internal political pressures, California schools responded to the algebra-for-all effort in diverse ways. While some schools …
Who Enters Teaching? Encouraging Evidence That the Status of Teaching Is Improving
The relatively low status of teaching as a profession is often given as a factor contributing to the difficulty of recruiting teachers, the middling performance of American students on international assessments, and the well-documented decline in the relative academic ability of teachers through the 1990s. Since the turn of the 21st century, however, a number of federal, state, and local teacher accountability policies have been implemented towar…
The Waive of the Future? School Accountability in the Waiver Era
Forty-two states and the District of Columbia have recently received waivers to the school accountability requirements of the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB). As the prospects for reauthorizing the Act in the near term are dim, these new accountability systems will be law for at least several years. Drawing on a four-part framework from the measurement literature, we describe and critique the approved waiver accountability plans, comparing them t…
The Use and Efficacy of Capacity‐Building Assistance for Low‐Performing Districts: The Case of C alifornia's D istrict A ssistance and I ntervention T eams
The theory of action upon which high‐stakes accountability policies are based calls for systemic reforms in educational systems that will emerge by pairing incentives for improvement with extensive and targeted technical assistance ( TA ) to build the capacity of low‐performing schools and districts. To this end, a little discussed and often overlooked aspect of the N o C hild L eft B ehind A ct ( NCLB ) mandated that, in addition to sanctions, s…
We Are the 5: Which Schools Would Be Held Accountable Under a Proposed Revision of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act
This article uses data from California to analyze the results of the proposed accountability system in the Senate’s Harkin-Enzi draft Elementary and Secondary Education Act reauthorization. The authors analyze existing statewide school-level data from California, applying the accountability criteria proposed in the draft law. Comparing the proposed system to the No Child Left Behind Act’s Adequate Yearly Progress provisions, they draw conclusions…
Accountability Under Constraint: The Relationship Between Collective Bargaining Agreements and California Schools’ and Districts’ Performance Under No Child Left Behind
The authors examine how the collective bargaining agreement (CBA) negotiated between teachers’ unions and districts is associated with schools’ and districts’ performance under accountability pressures in California. They find that CBA restrictiveness is associated with the increased likelihood that districts will be in Program Improvement (PI) and at higher levels of PI, and with lower school- and district-level proficiency and graduation rates.…
Beyond Tracking and Detracking: The Dimensions of Organizational Differentiation in Schools
Schools use an array of strategies to match curricula and instruction to students' heterogeneous skills. Although generations of scholars have debated ''tracking'' and its consequences, the literature fails to account for diversity of school-level sorting practices. In this article, we draw on the work of Sørensen and others to articulate and develop empirical measures of five distinct dimensions of within-school cross-classroom tracking systems:…
Student Enrollment Patterns and Achievement in Ohio’s Online Charter Schools
We utilize state data of nearly 1.7 million students in Ohio to study a specific sector of online education: K–12 schools that deliver most, if not all, education online, lack a brick-and-mortar presence, and enroll students full-time. First, we explore e-school enrollment patterns and how these patterns vary by student subgroups and geography. Second, we evaluate the impact of e-schools on students’ learning, comparing student outcomes in e-scho…
Detracking and Tracking Up: Mathematics Course Placements in California Middle Schools, 2003–2013
Between 2003 and 2013, the proportion of California eighth graders enrolled in algebra or a more advanced course nearly doubled to 65%. In this article, we consider the organizational processes that accompanied this curricular intensification. Facing a complex set of accountability, institutional, technical/functional, and internal political pressures, California schools responded to the algebra-for-all effort in diverse ways. While some schools …
Who Enters Teaching? Encouraging Evidence That the Status of Teaching Is Improving
The relatively low status of teaching as a profession is often given as a factor contributing to the difficulty of recruiting teachers, the middling performance of American students on international assessments, and the well-documented decline in the relative academic ability of teachers through the 1990s. Since the turn of the 21st century, however, a number of federal, state, and local teacher accountability policies have been implemented towar…
Waivering as Governance: Federalism During the Obama Administration
This article analyzes how the Obama administration used executive power to grant waivers from federal education policies and assesses whether they used this power differently than previous administrations and in other sectors (e.g., health or welfare). The executive use of waivers to shape state policy is not a new trend. However, we find that recent education waivers differ in purpose and specificity from past education waivers, as well as waive…
The Kids on the Bus: The Academic Consequences of Diversity‐Driven School Reassignments
Many public school diversity efforts rely on reassigning students from one school to another. While opponents of such efforts articulate concerns about the consequences of reassignments for students' educational experiences, little evidence exists regarding these effects, particularly in contemporary policy contexts. Using an event study design, we leverage data from an innovative socioeconomic school desegregation plan to estimate the effects of…
The Waive of the Future? School Accountability in the Waiver Era
Forty-two states and the District of Columbia have recently received waivers to the school accountability requirements of the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB). As the prospects for reauthorizing the Act in the near term are dim, these new accountability systems will be law for at least several years. Drawing on a four-part framework from the measurement literature, we describe and critique the approved waiver accountability plans, comparing them t…
Accountability Under Constraint: The Relationship Between Collective Bargaining Agreements and California Schools’ and Districts’ Performance Under No Child Left Behind
The authors examine how the collective bargaining agreement (CBA) negotiated between teachers’ unions and districts is associated with schools’ and districts’ performance under accountability pressures in California. They find that CBA restrictiveness is associated with the increased likelihood that districts will be in Program Improvement (PI) and at higher levels of PI, and with lower school- and district-level proficiency and graduation rates.…
School’s Out: The Role of Summers in Understanding Achievement Disparities
Summer learning loss (SLL) is a familiar and much-studied phenomenon, yet new concerns that measurement artifacts may have distorted canonical SLL findings create a need to revisit basic research on SLL. Though race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status only account for about 4% of the variance in SLL, nearly all prior work focuses on these factors. We zoom out to the full spread of differential SLL and its contribution to students’ positions in the…
Heterogeneous Effects of Early Algebra across California Middle Schools
How should schools assign students to more rigorous math courses so as best to help their academic outcomes? We identify several hundred California middle schools that used 7th-grade test scores to place students into 8th-grade algebra courses and use a regression discontinuity design to estimate average impacts and heterogeneity across schools. Enrolling in 8th-grade algebra boosts students' enrollment in advanced math in ninth grade by 30 perce…
The Every Student Succeeds Act, the Decline of the Federal Role in Education Policy, and the Curbing of Executive Authority
This article analyzes the Every Student Succeeds Act of 2015 and the evolving role of the federal government in educational policy. We rely on John Kingdon’s policy window framework to evaluate how key political constituencies on both the political right and left pressured Congress to limit both the executive branch and federal roles in educational policy. We find that policies during the Obama Administration shifted political attitudes on key is…
Socioeconomic-Based School Assignment Policy and Racial Segregation Levels: Evidence From the Wake County Public School System
In the wake of political and legal challenges facing race-based integration, districts have turned to socioeconomic integration initiatives in an attempt to achieve greater racial balance across schools. Empirically, the extent to which these initiatives generate such balance is an open question. In this article, we leverage the school assignment system that the Wake County Public School System employed throughout the 2000s to provide evidence on…
The Use and Efficacy of Capacity‐Building Assistance for Low‐Performing Districts: The Case of C alifornia's D istrict A ssistance and I ntervention T eams
The theory of action upon which high‐stakes accountability policies are based calls for systemic reforms in educational systems that will emerge by pairing incentives for improvement with extensive and targeted technical assistance ( TA ) to build the capacity of low‐performing schools and districts. To this end, a little discussed and often overlooked aspect of the N o C hild L eft B ehind A ct ( NCLB ) mandated that, in addition to sanctions, s…
We Are the 5: Which Schools Would Be Held Accountable Under a Proposed Revision of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act
This article uses data from California to analyze the results of the proposed accountability system in the Senate’s Harkin-Enzi draft Elementary and Secondary Education Act reauthorization. The authors analyze existing statewide school-level data from California, applying the accountability criteria proposed in the draft law. Comparing the proposed system to the No Child Left Behind Act’s Adequate Yearly Progress provisions, they draw conclusions…
Not Where You Start, but How Much You Grow: An Addendum to the Coleman Report
The Equality of Educational Opportunity Study (1966)—the Coleman Report—lodged a key takeaway in the minds of educators, researchers, and parents: Schools do not strongly shape students’ achievement outcomes. This finding has been influential to the field; however, Coleman himself suggested that—had longitudinal data been available to him—decomposing the variance in students’ growth rates rather than their levels of achievement would have provide…
Accountability Under Constraint: The Relationship Between Collective Bargaining Agreements and California Schools’ and Districts’ Performance Under No Child Left Behind
The authors examine how the collective bargaining agreement (CBA) negotiated between teachers’ unions and districts is associated with schools’ and districts’ performance under accountability pressures in California. They find that CBA restrictiveness is associated with the increased likelihood that districts will be in Program Improvement (PI) and at higher levels of PI, and with lower school- and district-level proficiency and graduation rates.…
The Use and Efficacy of Capacity‐Building Assistance for Low‐Performing Districts: The Case of C alifornia's D istrict A ssistance and I ntervention T eams
The theory of action upon which high‐stakes accountability policies are based calls for systemic reforms in educational systems that will emerge by pairing incentives for improvement with extensive and targeted technical assistance ( TA ) to build the capacity of low‐performing schools and districts. To this end, a little discussed and often overlooked aspect of the N o C hild L eft B ehind A ct ( NCLB ) mandated that, in addition to sanctions, s…
We Are the 5: Which Schools Would Be Held Accountable Under a Proposed Revision of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act
This article uses data from California to analyze the results of the proposed accountability system in the Senate’s Harkin-Enzi draft Elementary and Secondary Education Act reauthorization. The authors analyze existing statewide school-level data from California, applying the accountability criteria proposed in the draft law. Comparing the proposed system to the No Child Left Behind Act’s Adequate Yearly Progress provisions, they draw conclusions…
Who Enters Teaching? Encouraging Evidence That the Status of Teaching Is Improving
The relatively low status of teaching as a profession is often given as a factor contributing to the difficulty of recruiting teachers, the middling performance of American students on international assessments, and the well-documented decline in the relative academic ability of teachers through the 1990s. Since the turn of the 21st century, however, a number of federal, state, and local teacher accountability policies have been implemented towar…
The Waive of the Future? School Accountability in the Waiver Era
Forty-two states and the District of Columbia have recently received waivers to the school accountability requirements of the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB). As the prospects for reauthorizing the Act in the near term are dim, these new accountability systems will be law for at least several years. Drawing on a four-part framework from the measurement literature, we describe and critique the approved waiver accountability plans, comparing them t…
Waivering as Governance: Federalism During the Obama Administration
This article analyzes how the Obama administration used executive power to grant waivers from federal education policies and assesses whether they used this power differently than previous administrations and in other sectors (e.g., health or welfare). The executive use of waivers to shape state policy is not a new trend. However, we find that recent education waivers differ in purpose and specificity from past education waivers, as well as waive…
Detracking and Tracking Up: Mathematics Course Placements in California Middle Schools, 2003–2013
Between 2003 and 2013, the proportion of California eighth graders enrolled in algebra or a more advanced course nearly doubled to 65%. In this article, we consider the organizational processes that accompanied this curricular intensification. Facing a complex set of accountability, institutional, technical/functional, and internal political pressures, California schools responded to the algebra-for-all effort in diverse ways. While some schools …
Student Enrollment Patterns and Achievement in Ohio’s Online Charter Schools
We utilize state data of nearly 1.7 million students in Ohio to study a specific sector of online education: K–12 schools that deliver most, if not all, education online, lack a brick-and-mortar presence, and enroll students full-time. First, we explore e-school enrollment patterns and how these patterns vary by student subgroups and geography. Second, we evaluate the impact of e-schools on students’ learning, comparing student outcomes in e-scho…
The Every Student Succeeds Act, the Decline of the Federal Role in Education Policy, and the Curbing of Executive Authority
This article analyzes the Every Student Succeeds Act of 2015 and the evolving role of the federal government in educational policy. We rely on John Kingdon’s policy window framework to evaluate how key political constituencies on both the political right and left pressured Congress to limit both the executive branch and federal roles in educational policy. We find that policies during the Obama Administration shifted political attitudes on key is…
Beyond Tracking and Detracking: The Dimensions of Organizational Differentiation in Schools
Schools use an array of strategies to match curricula and instruction to students' heterogeneous skills. Although generations of scholars have debated ''tracking'' and its consequences, the literature fails to account for diversity of school-level sorting practices. In this article, we draw on the work of Sørensen and others to articulate and develop empirical measures of five distinct dimensions of within-school cross-classroom tracking systems:…
Social returns to private choice? Effects of charter schools on behavioral outcomes, arrests, and civic participation
Heterogeneous Effects of Early Algebra across California Middle Schools
How should schools assign students to more rigorous math courses so as best to help their academic outcomes? We identify several hundred California middle schools that used 7th-grade test scores to place students into 8th-grade algebra courses and use a regression discontinuity design to estimate average impacts and heterogeneity across schools. Enrolling in 8th-grade algebra boosts students' enrollment in advanced math in ninth grade by 30 perce…
A Letter From the Editors: Reflections on Generative, Cross-Cutting, Transformative, and Timely Education Research
Not Where You Start, but How Much You Grow: An Addendum to the Coleman Report
The Equality of Educational Opportunity Study (1966)—the Coleman Report—lodged a key takeaway in the minds of educators, researchers, and parents: Schools do not strongly shape students’ achievement outcomes. This finding has been influential to the field; however, Coleman himself suggested that—had longitudinal data been available to him—decomposing the variance in students’ growth rates rather than their levels of achievement would have provide…
Socioeconomic-Based School Assignment Policy and Racial Segregation Levels: Evidence From the Wake County Public School System
In the wake of political and legal challenges facing race-based integration, districts have turned to socioeconomic integration initiatives in an attempt to achieve greater racial balance across schools. Empirically, the extent to which these initiatives generate such balance is an open question. In this article, we leverage the school assignment system that the Wake County Public School System employed throughout the 2000s to provide evidence on…
The Kids on the Bus: The Academic Consequences of Diversity‐Driven School Reassignments
Many public school diversity efforts rely on reassigning students from one school to another. While opponents of such efforts articulate concerns about the consequences of reassignments for students' educational experiences, little evidence exists regarding these effects, particularly in contemporary policy contexts. Using an event study design, we leverage data from an innovative socioeconomic school desegregation plan to estimate the effects of…
School’s Out: The Role of Summers in Understanding Achievement Disparities
Summer learning loss (SLL) is a familiar and much-studied phenomenon, yet new concerns that measurement artifacts may have distorted canonical SLL findings create a need to revisit basic research on SLL. Though race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status only account for about 4% of the variance in SLL, nearly all prior work focuses on these factors. We zoom out to the full spread of differential SLL and its contribution to students’ positions in the…
A Replication of a Quasi-Experimental Approach to Estimating Middle School Structural Transition Effects on Student Learning Trajectories
Using a dataset that includes over 17 million students from across all 50 states, we estimate the causal impact of making structural transitions into middle school (in grades 4, 5, 6, or 7) on student math and reading achievement trajectories. This dataset provides an ideal opportunity to engage in the valuable scientific practice of conducting replication studies. Prior research on the impacts of middle school transitions is of high quality and …
Award Given by the Vernon Prize Committee for Volume 40 of Jpam
Combined Schools as a (Non) Protective Factor During the Covid-19 Pandemic: Exploring Middle School Transitions Under Typical versus Atypical School Conditions
Combined schools spanning the elementary and middle grades (like K–8 schools) can protect students from harms associated with structural transitions by offering a stable school environment at a time when youth are undergoing many physical, psychological, and social changes. Using math and reading MAP Growth assessment scores from 20,000 students in parallel prepandemic and pandemic event studies, we investigate the extent to which the protective …
Structuring Choice Policy, School Segregation and the Two-Staged School Choice Process
School choice is both an important tool for school desegregation policy and an enabler of racial segregation. In this paper, we used a two-stage model of complex decision making to illustrate the relationship between school choice policy structure and school segregation. Our analyses draw on data describing the choices available to kindergarteners entering the Wake County Public School System between 2000 and 2010. As it pursued school diversity …
Summer School as a Learning Loss Recovery Strategy After Covid-19: Evidence from Summer 2022
To make up for pandemic-related learning losses, many U.S. public school districts have increased enrollment in their summer school programs. We assessed summer school as a strategy for COVID-19 learning recovery by tracking the academic progress of students who attended summer school in 2022 across eight districts serving 400,000 students. Using value-added models that control for students’ demographics and prior achievement, we estimated a posi…
Virtual charter students have worse labor market outcomes as young adults
Virtual charter schools are increasingly popular, yet there is little research on the long-term outcomes of virtual charter students. In this research note, we link statewide education records from 9th grade students in Oregon with information on criminal legal contact and IRS records containing earnings information housed at the U.S. Census Bureau to provide evidence on how virtual charter students fare as young adults. Virtual charter students …
Impacts of Academic Recovery Interventions on Student Achievement in 2022 to 2023
The COVID-19 pandemic caused large, persistent declines in student achievement. This paper examines 2022–2023 recovery efforts across eight districts, including tutoring, small-group instruction, after-school, extended year, double-dose, digital learning, and expert teacher interventions. The study includes 12 math programs and 15 literacy programs (three covered both subjects). Most served fewer students and provided lower dosage than planned. U…
School Choice and Performance (16 works) · Political science (13 works) · Psychology (13 works) · Mathematics education (12 works) · Economics (8 works) · Law (8 works) · Law (8 works) · Accountability (6 works) · Computer Science (6 works) · Mathematics (6 works)