Samuel Mark
Biographic Data
| ID | 3864127 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Samuel Mark |
| GIVEN NAMES | Samuel |
| FAMILY NAME | Mark |
| SIGNATURE | MARK S |
| AFFILIATIONS | Texas A&M University at Galveston |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-9173-5779 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 20 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 31 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 20 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1991 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 3 |
Alexander Belov
Steering Gear, Sails, and Hulls for Dating Late Fifth and Sixth Dynasty Egyptian Tombs, and the Invention of the Tiller
The Dolphin
A long-held belief in classical Mediterranean seafaring is that merchant ships were outfitted with heavy weights called dolphins mounted at the ends of yardarms and were defensive weapons dropped on opposing ships to sink them. A review of the iconographic and textual evidence, however, reveals no evidence to support such a weapon was ever used on merchant ships sailing in the open seas, and instead, the textual evidence allows for the possibilit…
Absolute and relative dating of human remains in a Bahamian sinkhole (Great Cistern, Abaco)
The Origin and Spread of Leprosy
East Africa and India have recently been proposed as places of origin for leprosy, based primarily on the geographical mapping of sixteen single-nucleotide polymorphism subtypes (snps). When comparing these data with historical texts, however, obstacles become apparent for both interpretations. Large population movements, a lack of divergence date ranges for some snp subtypes, and the discovery of a second strain of leprosy further complicate the…
A Review of the Evidence for Melanoma in Nine Inca Mummies
An often cited statement in the medical literature is that nine Inca mummies (c.400 bc ) had skin and osseous lesions from melanoma. However, a review of the pattern and type of osseous lesions exhibited by these individuals and the age of at least one of them indicate the data are inconsistent with a diagnosis of melanoma. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Graphical Reconstruction and Comparison of Royal Boat Iconography from the Causeway of the Egyptian King Sahure ( c .2487-2475 BC)
Recently published reliefs from the causeway of Sahure and a review of contemporary iconography and archaeological data shed new light on a variety of features of Old Kingdom royal sailing boats and equipment, such as quarter rudders, rigging, signalling devices, decorations and crew. Furthermore, another relief depicts men paddling in a sequential or what appears to be a wave pattern. Only one other such relief exists. A comparison of both revea…
The Abydos BG 10 Boat and Implications for Standardisation, Innovation, and Timber Conservation in Early Dynastic Boat-Building
Cheryl Ward recently proposed that the breaking down of Egyptian vessels evolved from the need to transport ships from the Nile to the Red Sea. Analysis of the Abydos BG 10 boat and other data suggest that boat-wrights instead built vessels in this manner, with many standardised elements, primarily to conserve timber. An evaluation of the data supports the traditional interpretation that timber was indeed scarce in Ancient Egypt. Scarcity of timb…
Seafaring
A Different Configuration for the Quarter-Rudders on the Khufu I Vessel (c.2566 BC), and Egyptian Methods of Mounting Quarter-Rudders and Oars in the 4th and 5th Dynasties
A review of the Khufu I vessel (c.2566 BC) and contemporary Egyptian iconography (c.2613–2345 BC) suggest this vessel was originally fitted with six pairs of quarter-rudders, instead of one pair. Furthermore, quarter-rudders may have been mounted on knob-shaped thole-pins, instead of crossbeams. The iconography also suggests that each quarter-rudder was fitted with a loom-line and specialized grommet, and rowers may have used a similar system to …
Abusir XVI
Abusir XVI: Sahure C the Pyramid Causeway: history and decoration program in the Old Kingdom ( Abusir Monographs ) TAREK EL AWADY 264 pp., b&w illustrations including 14 separate large b&w folded in case Czech Institute of Egyptology , Charles University, Prague, via Oxbow Books, 10 Hythe Bridge Street, Oxford, OX1 2EW, UK , 2009 , £84/$168, ISBN 978-8073082550 The title of this volume does not give the reader any hint of the nautical treasures h…
New Data on Egyptian Construction Methods in the Khufu I Vessel (c.2566 BC) from the Paul Lipke Collection
A review of the Lipke collection raises new questions concerning Egyptian boatbuilding methods for the Khufu I vessel, including the shaping of planking, the purpose, fitting, and spacing of cross-grain mortise-and-tenon joints and the crafting and securing of hook-scarfs in girders. New data supports the author's contention that the construction of this vessel was abruptly terminated, but contradicts his suggestion that the central girder had no…
The Construction of the Khufu I Vessel ( c .2566 BC)
A re-evaluation of the published reports on the Khufu I vessel suggests: first, Egyptian boatwrights used as much of a plank's original width and length as possible to minimize waste, resulting in unpredictable stealer and scarf placement; second, crafting tenons to be narrower than corresponding mortises may have been one of many standardized techniques of Egyptian boatbuilding; third, temporary and permanent edge-to-edge transverse lashing was …
The Earliest Naval Ram
Analyses of the Kuyunjik (Kouyunjik) relief and other data suggest Phoenicia probably did not build ships with rams before the Battle of Salamis. A review of Greek literature, iconography, and archaeology suggests the naval ram may have been a Greek invention, appearing at the earliest in the 6th century BC and possibly as late as the 5th century. Its evolution may have led to a shift from laced to pegged mortise-and-tenon joinery in Greek shipbu…
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Smoky fires in small, poorly ventilated structures have been cited as a risk factor for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) since the 1920s (Dobson, 1924 ). Furthermore, based on five cited cases of ancient NPC, it has been proposed that NPC was a common condition with a wide geographical distribution in ancient populations (Wells, 1964a , b ). Both interpretations have continued to appear in the literature (Ortner, 2003 ), but recently, Aufderheide &…
Alexander the Great, Seafaring, and the Spread of Leprosy
Journal Article Alexander the Great, Seafaring, and the Spread of Leprosy Get access Samuel Mark Samuel Mark Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Volume 57, Issue 3, July 2002, Pages 285–311, https://doi.org/10.1093/jhmas/57.3.285 Published: 01 July 2002
Maritime Archaeology
Odyssey (5.234-53) and Homeric ship construction
Odyssey(5.234–53) and Homeric ship construction
No abstract
Odyssey 5.234–53 and Homeric Ship Construction
Since its reinterpretation by Lionel Casson in 1964, the boat-building passage at Odyssey 5.234–53 has been widely accepted as a reflection of a construction technique by which mortise-and-tenon joints, secured by wooden pegs, were used to fasten plank edges together. Recent research into ships built with laced construction supports an alternative interpretation that Odysseus joined the planks with dowels and then secured the planking with pegs a…
The Construction of the Khufu I Vessel ( c .2566 BC)
A re-evaluation of the published reports on the Khufu I vessel suggests: first, Egyptian boatwrights used as much of a plank's original width and length as possible to minimize waste, resulting in unpredictable stealer and scarf placement; second, crafting tenons to be narrower than corresponding mortises may have been one of many standardized techniques of Egyptian boatbuilding; third, temporary and permanent edge-to-edge transverse lashing was …
Odyssey 5.234–53 and Homeric Ship Construction
Since its reinterpretation by Lionel Casson in 1964, the boat-building passage at Odyssey 5.234–53 has been widely accepted as a reflection of a construction technique by which mortise-and-tenon joints, secured by wooden pegs, were used to fasten plank edges together. Recent research into ships built with laced construction supports an alternative interpretation that Odysseus joined the planks with dowels and then secured the planking with pegs a…
The Earliest Naval Ram
Analyses of the Kuyunjik (Kouyunjik) relief and other data suggest Phoenicia probably did not build ships with rams before the Battle of Salamis. A review of Greek literature, iconography, and archaeology suggests the naval ram may have been a Greek invention, appearing at the earliest in the 6th century BC and possibly as late as the 5th century. Its evolution may have led to a shift from laced to pegged mortise-and-tenon joinery in Greek shipbu…
New Data on Egyptian Construction Methods in the Khufu I Vessel (c.2566 BC) from the Paul Lipke Collection
A review of the Lipke collection raises new questions concerning Egyptian boatbuilding methods for the Khufu I vessel, including the shaping of planking, the purpose, fitting, and spacing of cross-grain mortise-and-tenon joints and the crafting and securing of hook-scarfs in girders. New data supports the author's contention that the construction of this vessel was abruptly terminated, but contradicts his suggestion that the central girder had no…
Odyssey(5.234–53) and Homeric ship construction
No abstract
Absolute and relative dating of human remains in a Bahamian sinkhole (Great Cistern, Abaco)
Graphical Reconstruction and Comparison of Royal Boat Iconography from the Causeway of the Egyptian King Sahure ( c .2487-2475 BC)
Recently published reliefs from the causeway of Sahure and a review of contemporary iconography and archaeological data shed new light on a variety of features of Old Kingdom royal sailing boats and equipment, such as quarter rudders, rigging, signalling devices, decorations and crew. Furthermore, another relief depicts men paddling in a sequential or what appears to be a wave pattern. Only one other such relief exists. A comparison of both revea…
A Different Configuration for the Quarter-Rudders on the Khufu I Vessel (c.2566 BC), and Egyptian Methods of Mounting Quarter-Rudders and Oars in the 4th and 5th Dynasties
A review of the Khufu I vessel (c.2566 BC) and contemporary Egyptian iconography (c.2613–2345 BC) suggest this vessel was originally fitted with six pairs of quarter-rudders, instead of one pair. Furthermore, quarter-rudders may have been mounted on knob-shaped thole-pins, instead of crossbeams. The iconography also suggests that each quarter-rudder was fitted with a loom-line and specialized grommet, and rowers may have used a similar system to …
Alexander the Great, Seafaring, and the Spread of Leprosy
Journal Article Alexander the Great, Seafaring, and the Spread of Leprosy Get access Samuel Mark Samuel Mark Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Volume 57, Issue 3, July 2002, Pages 285–311, https://doi.org/10.1093/jhmas/57.3.285 Published: 01 July 2002
Odyssey 5.234–53 and Homeric Ship Construction
Since its reinterpretation by Lionel Casson in 1964, the boat-building passage at Odyssey 5.234–53 has been widely accepted as a reflection of a construction technique by which mortise-and-tenon joints, secured by wooden pegs, were used to fasten plank edges together. Recent research into ships built with laced construction supports an alternative interpretation that Odysseus joined the planks with dowels and then secured the planking with pegs a…
Odyssey (5.234-53) and Homeric ship construction
Odyssey(5.234–53) and Homeric ship construction
No abstract
Maritime Archaeology
Alexander the Great, Seafaring, and the Spread of Leprosy
Journal Article Alexander the Great, Seafaring, and the Spread of Leprosy Get access Samuel Mark Samuel Mark Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Volume 57, Issue 3, July 2002, Pages 285–311, https://doi.org/10.1093/jhmas/57.3.285 Published: 01 July 2002
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Smoky fires in small, poorly ventilated structures have been cited as a risk factor for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) since the 1920s (Dobson, 1924 ). Furthermore, based on five cited cases of ancient NPC, it has been proposed that NPC was a common condition with a wide geographical distribution in ancient populations (Wells, 1964a , b ). Both interpretations have continued to appear in the literature (Ortner, 2003 ), but recently, Aufderheide &…
The Earliest Naval Ram
Analyses of the Kuyunjik (Kouyunjik) relief and other data suggest Phoenicia probably did not build ships with rams before the Battle of Salamis. A review of Greek literature, iconography, and archaeology suggests the naval ram may have been a Greek invention, appearing at the earliest in the 6th century BC and possibly as late as the 5th century. Its evolution may have led to a shift from laced to pegged mortise-and-tenon joinery in Greek shipbu…
The Construction of the Khufu I Vessel ( c .2566 BC)
A re-evaluation of the published reports on the Khufu I vessel suggests: first, Egyptian boatwrights used as much of a plank's original width and length as possible to minimize waste, resulting in unpredictable stealer and scarf placement; second, crafting tenons to be narrower than corresponding mortises may have been one of many standardized techniques of Egyptian boatbuilding; third, temporary and permanent edge-to-edge transverse lashing was …
New Data on Egyptian Construction Methods in the Khufu I Vessel (c.2566 BC) from the Paul Lipke Collection
A review of the Lipke collection raises new questions concerning Egyptian boatbuilding methods for the Khufu I vessel, including the shaping of planking, the purpose, fitting, and spacing of cross-grain mortise-and-tenon joints and the crafting and securing of hook-scarfs in girders. New data supports the author's contention that the construction of this vessel was abruptly terminated, but contradicts his suggestion that the central girder had no…
Seafaring
A Different Configuration for the Quarter-Rudders on the Khufu I Vessel (c.2566 BC), and Egyptian Methods of Mounting Quarter-Rudders and Oars in the 4th and 5th Dynasties
A review of the Khufu I vessel (c.2566 BC) and contemporary Egyptian iconography (c.2613–2345 BC) suggest this vessel was originally fitted with six pairs of quarter-rudders, instead of one pair. Furthermore, quarter-rudders may have been mounted on knob-shaped thole-pins, instead of crossbeams. The iconography also suggests that each quarter-rudder was fitted with a loom-line and specialized grommet, and rowers may have used a similar system to …
Abusir XVI
Abusir XVI: Sahure C the Pyramid Causeway: history and decoration program in the Old Kingdom ( Abusir Monographs ) TAREK EL AWADY 264 pp., b&w illustrations including 14 separate large b&w folded in case Czech Institute of Egyptology , Charles University, Prague, via Oxbow Books, 10 Hythe Bridge Street, Oxford, OX1 2EW, UK , 2009 , £84/$168, ISBN 978-8073082550 The title of this volume does not give the reader any hint of the nautical treasures h…
The Abydos BG 10 Boat and Implications for Standardisation, Innovation, and Timber Conservation in Early Dynastic Boat-Building
Cheryl Ward recently proposed that the breaking down of Egyptian vessels evolved from the need to transport ships from the Nile to the Red Sea. Analysis of the Abydos BG 10 boat and other data suggest that boat-wrights instead built vessels in this manner, with many standardised elements, primarily to conserve timber. An evaluation of the data supports the traditional interpretation that timber was indeed scarce in Ancient Egypt. Scarcity of timb…
Graphical Reconstruction and Comparison of Royal Boat Iconography from the Causeway of the Egyptian King Sahure ( c .2487-2475 BC)
Recently published reliefs from the causeway of Sahure and a review of contemporary iconography and archaeological data shed new light on a variety of features of Old Kingdom royal sailing boats and equipment, such as quarter rudders, rigging, signalling devices, decorations and crew. Furthermore, another relief depicts men paddling in a sequential or what appears to be a wave pattern. Only one other such relief exists. A comparison of both revea…
A Review of the Evidence for Melanoma in Nine Inca Mummies
An often cited statement in the medical literature is that nine Inca mummies (c.400 bc ) had skin and osseous lesions from melanoma. However, a review of the pattern and type of osseous lesions exhibited by these individuals and the age of at least one of them indicate the data are inconsistent with a diagnosis of melanoma. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
The Origin and Spread of Leprosy
East Africa and India have recently been proposed as places of origin for leprosy, based primarily on the geographical mapping of sixteen single-nucleotide polymorphism subtypes (snps). When comparing these data with historical texts, however, obstacles become apparent for both interpretations. Large population movements, a lack of divergence date ranges for some snp subtypes, and the discovery of a second strain of leprosy further complicate the…
Absolute and relative dating of human remains in a Bahamian sinkhole (Great Cistern, Abaco)
The Dolphin
A long-held belief in classical Mediterranean seafaring is that merchant ships were outfitted with heavy weights called dolphins mounted at the ends of yardarms and were defensive weapons dropped on opposing ships to sink them. A review of the iconographic and textual evidence, however, reveals no evidence to support such a weapon was ever used on merchant ships sailing in the open seas, and instead, the textual evidence allows for the possibilit…
Steering Gear, Sails, and Hulls for Dating Late Fifth and Sixth Dynasty Egyptian Tombs, and the Invention of the Tiller
Alexander Belov
History (15 works) · Maritime and Coastal Archaeology (13 works) · Archaeology (10 works) · Engineering (10 works) · History (10 works) · Art (7 works) · Law, logistics, and international trade (7 works) · Ancient Egypt and Archaeology (6 works) · Ancient history (6 works) · Marine engineering (5 works)