Sarah Mo
Biographic Data
| ID | 3865967 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Sarah Mo |
| GIVEN NAMES | Sarah |
| FAMILY NAME | Mo |
| SIGNATURE | MO S |
| AFFILIATIONS | North-West University |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-7938-1800 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 25 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 45 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 25 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2010 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
A synthesis view of counterfactuals
There are two prominent views of counterfactuals in the literature—variably strict conditional accounts developed by Stalnaker 1968 and D. K. Lewis 1973, and strict conditional accounts defended by von Fintel 2001, Gillies 2007, and others. Unfortunately, both views face serious challenges. This paper argues that traditional strict conditional views fail to accommodate our judgments about probabilistic variants of Heim sequences, where these judg…
Relationships between Iron Status and Selected Physical Fitness Components of South African Adolescents
Poor iron status is detrimental to physical and cognitive performance in adolescents. Due to the limited studies investigating the association between iron status and physical fitness components in adolescents from low- and middle-income countries, we aimed to determine the association of iron status with selected physical fitness components in South African adolescents. A cross-sectional study design, including 178 adolescents (102 girls and 76 …
Assessment of non-communicable disease risk factors, functional performance, and health-related quality of life in adults
NCD risk factors, functional performance, and HRQoL significantly differ in rural communities compared to low-resourced urban communities in South Africa. Urban areas' most prevalent risk factors were elevated blood pressure, physical inactivity, and increased waist circumference. Participants from rural areas demonstrated significantly better functional performance, such as fitness and balance. HRQoL was better in rural settings than in urban se…
Strategies of Modelling Incident Outcomes Using Cox Regression to Estimate the Population Attributable Risk
When the Cox model is applied, some recommendations about the choice of the time metric and the model's structure are often disregarded along with the proportionality of risk assumption. Moreover, most of the published studies fail to frame the real impact of a risk factor in the target population. Our aim was to show how modelling strategies affected Cox model assumptions. Furthermore, we showed how the Cox modelling strategies affected the popu…
Back-Carrying in Children Is Related to Lower Limb Development
Back-carrying of children is a culturally accepted method of transport and safekeeping of babies in many cultures. Developmental consequences related to back-carrying practices have not been directly investigated. This study determined the relationship between frontal and transverse plane lower limb (LL) development, and back-carrying practices, in black Setswana-speaking children. In 691 2- to 9-year-old Setswana-speaking children, the tibiofemo…
Exercise Intervention Changes the Perceptions and Knowledge of Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factors among Women from a Low-Resourced Setting
We employed the Health Belief Model (HBM) as a theoretical lens to explore the influence of an exercise intervention on the perceptions and knowledge of modifiable risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among women from a low-resource setting in South Africa. We used a mixed-methods design, gathering qualitative and quantitative data at baseline (n = 95) and again after 12 weeks (n = 55) and 24 weeks (n = 44) of an exercise interventio…
The influence of clinic care on perceptions and knowledge of non-communicable diseases and physical activity from a low-resourced community
PACTR201609001771813
The association between anthropometric measures and physical performance in black adults of the North West Province, South Africa
OBJECTIVE: This study investigated associations between anthropometric measures and physical performance in black South African adults. It was hypothesized that noninvasive, simple anthropometric measurements, such as calf circumference (CC) and body mass index (BMI), may be useful predictors of physical performance and strength. METHODS: Black human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) negative men and women (aged 32-93 years) participating in the Prosp…
Intellectual disability, exercise and aging
The trial is registered at the ISRCTN registry. Registration number: ISRCTN43594228 . Registered 11 February 2019 - Retrospectively registered
Global Constraints on Imprecise Credences
The move to imprecise credence models leaves many formal norms of rationality surprisingly intact, as rational constraints on precise credences are often reinterpreted as constraints on individual elements of a rational agent’s representor. However, constraints on imprecise credences needn’t take this form. Whether an imprecise agent is rational might just as easily depend on global features of her representor. This paper is an extended investiga…
Quality of life, physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness in black African women
Full Belief and Loose Speech
This paper defends an account of full belief, including an account of its relationship to credence. Along the way, I address several familiar and difficult questions about belief. Does fully believing a proposition require having maximal confidence in it? Are rational beliefs closed under entailment, or does the preface paradox show that rational agents can believe inconsistent propositions? Does whether you believe a proposition depend partly on…
Probabilistic Knowledge
Traditional philosophical discussions of knowledge have focused on the epistemic status of full beliefs. This book argues that in addition to full beliefs, credences can constitute knowledge. For instance, your .4 credence that it is raining outside can constitute knowledge, in just the same way that your full beliefs can. In addition, you can know that it might be raining, and that if it is raining then it is probably cloudy, where this knowledg…
IX—Moral Encroachment
This paper develops a precise understanding of the thesis of moral encroachment, which states that the epistemic status of an opinion can depend on its moral features. In addition, I raise objections to existing accounts of moral encroachment. For instance, many accounts fail to give sufficient attention to moral encroachment on credences. Also, many accounts focus on moral features that fail to support standard analogies between pragmatic and mo…
Self-Reported Physical Activity is Not a Valid Method for Measuring Physical Activity in 15-Year-Old South African Boys and Girls
Physical activity plays an important role in the prevention of chronic lifestyle-related diseases. The development of valid instruments for the assessment of physical activity remains a challenge in field studies. The purpose of the present study was therefore to determine the level of agreement between physical activity objectively measured by the ActiHeart ® (Cambridge Neurotechnology Ltd, Cambridge, UK) device and subjectively reported physica…
Socio-Demographic and Lifestyle Factors Predict 5-Year Changes in Adiposity among a Group of Black South African Adults
The rising prevalence of obesity and excessive adiposity are global public health concerns. Understanding determinants of changes in adiposity over time is critical for informing effective evidence-based prevention or treatment. However, limited information is available to achieve this objective. Cultural, demographic, environmental, and behavioral factors including socio-economic status (SES) likely account for obesity development. To this end, …
Measurement of physical activity in urban and rural South African adults
Notable disparities in physical activity estimates between methods suggest that utilization of IPAQ-SF and BPAQ for surveillance and epidemiology studies in Africa should depend on research questions and population to be studied. Future studies with objective measures are needed to confirm the relative validity between the two instruments
On the semantics and pragmatics of epistemic vocabulary
This paper motivates and develops a novel semantics for several epistemic expressions, including possibility and necessity modals and indicative conditionals. The semantics I defend constitutes an alternative to standard truth conditional theories, as it assigns sets of probability measures rather than sets of worlds as sentential semantic values. I argue that what my theory lacks in conservatism, it makes up for in strength — namely, the theory …
Objectively determined habitual physical activity in South African adolescents
Physical activity varies by both gender and race in adolescents from the North West Province of South Africa. Objectively determined data from our study indicates that girls habitually spend more time in MVPA per day than boys, and that white adolescents habitually engage in more MVPA than black adolescents. Seeing as the average MVPA per day for the entire study sample falls below the recommended daily average of 60 minutes/day, adolescents shou…
On fiction, art and medicine
This is a deliberately eclectic and eccentric meditation on some of the connections between writing fiction, academic research in the history of medicine and the practice of medicine. The essay discusses creativity in research and writing, suggesting comparisons with the instincts of experienced clinicians, and explains the author's interest in women's entry to the medical profession. There is the suggestion of parallels between artists' models a…
Epistemology Formalized
This paper argues that just as full beliefs can constitute knowledge, so can properties of your credence distribution. The resulting notion of probabilistic knowledge helps us give a natural account of knowledge ascriptions embedding language of subjective uncertainty, and a simple diagnosis of probabilistic analogues of Gettier cases. Just like propositional knowledge, probabilistic knowledge is factive, safe, and sensitive. And it helps us buil…
The relationship between body composition and physical fitness in 14 year old adolescents residing within the Tlokwe local municipality, South Africa
Both underweight and overweight among boys and girls in Tlokwe Local Municipality exist, and their effects on physical fitness performances were also noticed. As such, strategic physical activity, interventions or follow-up studies recognizing this relationship particularly in the overweight adolescents are needed. In addition, authorities in health and education departments dealing with adolescents should make use of this evidence base informati…
Updating as Communication
On many traditional theories of belief, your belief state is represented by an assignment of credences to propositions, or sets of possible worlds.If you are rational, your credence distribution will be a probability measure.Traditional theories of belief fit with a standard Bayesian theory of rational belief change: on learning a proposition, you must update your belief state by conditionalizing your credence distribution on the proposition you …
Subjunctive Credences and Semantic Humility
Slicing the Silence
Slicing the Silence: Voyaging to Antarctica, by Tom Griffiths, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press, 2007, 399 pp., $29.95, ISBN: 978-0-6740-2633-9. Tom Griffiths writes in his prologue that two
Epistemology Formalized
This paper argues that just as full beliefs can constitute knowledge, so can properties of your credence distribution. The resulting notion of probabilistic knowledge helps us give a natural account of knowledge ascriptions embedding language of subjective uncertainty, and a simple diagnosis of probabilistic analogues of Gettier cases. Just like propositional knowledge, probabilistic knowledge is factive, safe, and sensitive. And it helps us buil…
Updating as Communication
On many traditional theories of belief, your belief state is represented by an assignment of credences to propositions, or sets of possible worlds.If you are rational, your credence distribution will be a probability measure.Traditional theories of belief fit with a standard Bayesian theory of rational belief change: on learning a proposition, you must update your belief state by conditionalizing your credence distribution on the proposition you …
Subjunctive Credences and Semantic Humility
Full Belief and Loose Speech
This paper defends an account of full belief, including an account of its relationship to credence. Along the way, I address several familiar and difficult questions about belief. Does fully believing a proposition require having maximal confidence in it? Are rational beliefs closed under entailment, or does the preface paradox show that rational agents can believe inconsistent propositions? Does whether you believe a proposition depend partly on…
Global Constraints on Imprecise Credences
The move to imprecise credence models leaves many formal norms of rationality surprisingly intact, as rational constraints on precise credences are often reinterpreted as constraints on individual elements of a rational agent’s representor. However, constraints on imprecise credences needn’t take this form. Whether an imprecise agent is rational might just as easily depend on global features of her representor. This paper is an extended investiga…
Slicing the Silence
Slicing the Silence: Voyaging to Antarctica, by Tom Griffiths, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press, 2007, 399 pp., $29.95, ISBN: 978-0-6740-2633-9. Tom Griffiths writes in his prologue that two
The relationship between body composition and physical fitness in 14 year old adolescents residing within the Tlokwe local municipality, South Africa
Both underweight and overweight among boys and girls in Tlokwe Local Municipality exist, and their effects on physical fitness performances were also noticed. As such, strategic physical activity, interventions or follow-up studies recognizing this relationship particularly in the overweight adolescents are needed. In addition, authorities in health and education departments dealing with adolescents should make use of this evidence base informati…
Updating as Communication
On many traditional theories of belief, your belief state is represented by an assignment of credences to propositions, or sets of possible worlds.If you are rational, your credence distribution will be a probability measure.Traditional theories of belief fit with a standard Bayesian theory of rational belief change: on learning a proposition, you must update your belief state by conditionalizing your credence distribution on the proposition you …
Subjunctive Credences and Semantic Humility
Epistemology Formalized
This paper argues that just as full beliefs can constitute knowledge, so can properties of your credence distribution. The resulting notion of probabilistic knowledge helps us give a natural account of knowledge ascriptions embedding language of subjective uncertainty, and a simple diagnosis of probabilistic analogues of Gettier cases. Just like propositional knowledge, probabilistic knowledge is factive, safe, and sensitive. And it helps us buil…
Objectively determined habitual physical activity in South African adolescents
Physical activity varies by both gender and race in adolescents from the North West Province of South Africa. Objectively determined data from our study indicates that girls habitually spend more time in MVPA per day than boys, and that white adolescents habitually engage in more MVPA than black adolescents. Seeing as the average MVPA per day for the entire study sample falls below the recommended daily average of 60 minutes/day, adolescents shou…
On fiction, art and medicine
This is a deliberately eclectic and eccentric meditation on some of the connections between writing fiction, academic research in the history of medicine and the practice of medicine. The essay discusses creativity in research and writing, suggesting comparisons with the instincts of experienced clinicians, and explains the author's interest in women's entry to the medical profession. There is the suggestion of parallels between artists' models a…
On the semantics and pragmatics of epistemic vocabulary
This paper motivates and develops a novel semantics for several epistemic expressions, including possibility and necessity modals and indicative conditionals. The semantics I defend constitutes an alternative to standard truth conditional theories, as it assigns sets of probability measures rather than sets of worlds as sentential semantic values. I argue that what my theory lacks in conservatism, it makes up for in strength — namely, the theory …
Measurement of physical activity in urban and rural South African adults
Notable disparities in physical activity estimates between methods suggest that utilization of IPAQ-SF and BPAQ for surveillance and epidemiology studies in Africa should depend on research questions and population to be studied. Future studies with objective measures are needed to confirm the relative validity between the two instruments
Socio-Demographic and Lifestyle Factors Predict 5-Year Changes in Adiposity among a Group of Black South African Adults
The rising prevalence of obesity and excessive adiposity are global public health concerns. Understanding determinants of changes in adiposity over time is critical for informing effective evidence-based prevention or treatment. However, limited information is available to achieve this objective. Cultural, demographic, environmental, and behavioral factors including socio-economic status (SES) likely account for obesity development. To this end, …
Probabilistic Knowledge
Traditional philosophical discussions of knowledge have focused on the epistemic status of full beliefs. This book argues that in addition to full beliefs, credences can constitute knowledge. For instance, your .4 credence that it is raining outside can constitute knowledge, in just the same way that your full beliefs can. In addition, you can know that it might be raining, and that if it is raining then it is probably cloudy, where this knowledg…
IX—Moral Encroachment
This paper develops a precise understanding of the thesis of moral encroachment, which states that the epistemic status of an opinion can depend on its moral features. In addition, I raise objections to existing accounts of moral encroachment. For instance, many accounts fail to give sufficient attention to moral encroachment on credences. Also, many accounts focus on moral features that fail to support standard analogies between pragmatic and mo…
Self-Reported Physical Activity is Not a Valid Method for Measuring Physical Activity in 15-Year-Old South African Boys and Girls
Physical activity plays an important role in the prevention of chronic lifestyle-related diseases. The development of valid instruments for the assessment of physical activity remains a challenge in field studies. The purpose of the present study was therefore to determine the level of agreement between physical activity objectively measured by the ActiHeart ® (Cambridge Neurotechnology Ltd, Cambridge, UK) device and subjectively reported physica…
Quality of life, physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness in black African women
Full Belief and Loose Speech
This paper defends an account of full belief, including an account of its relationship to credence. Along the way, I address several familiar and difficult questions about belief. Does fully believing a proposition require having maximal confidence in it? Are rational beliefs closed under entailment, or does the preface paradox show that rational agents can believe inconsistent propositions? Does whether you believe a proposition depend partly on…
The association between anthropometric measures and physical performance in black adults of the North West Province, South Africa
OBJECTIVE: This study investigated associations between anthropometric measures and physical performance in black South African adults. It was hypothesized that noninvasive, simple anthropometric measurements, such as calf circumference (CC) and body mass index (BMI), may be useful predictors of physical performance and strength. METHODS: Black human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) negative men and women (aged 32-93 years) participating in the Prosp…
Intellectual disability, exercise and aging
The trial is registered at the ISRCTN registry. Registration number: ISRCTN43594228 . Registered 11 February 2019 - Retrospectively registered
Global Constraints on Imprecise Credences
The move to imprecise credence models leaves many formal norms of rationality surprisingly intact, as rational constraints on precise credences are often reinterpreted as constraints on individual elements of a rational agent’s representor. However, constraints on imprecise credences needn’t take this form. Whether an imprecise agent is rational might just as easily depend on global features of her representor. This paper is an extended investiga…
Back-Carrying in Children Is Related to Lower Limb Development
Back-carrying of children is a culturally accepted method of transport and safekeeping of babies in many cultures. Developmental consequences related to back-carrying practices have not been directly investigated. This study determined the relationship between frontal and transverse plane lower limb (LL) development, and back-carrying practices, in black Setswana-speaking children. In 691 2- to 9-year-old Setswana-speaking children, the tibiofemo…
Exercise Intervention Changes the Perceptions and Knowledge of Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factors among Women from a Low-Resourced Setting
We employed the Health Belief Model (HBM) as a theoretical lens to explore the influence of an exercise intervention on the perceptions and knowledge of modifiable risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among women from a low-resource setting in South Africa. We used a mixed-methods design, gathering qualitative and quantitative data at baseline (n = 95) and again after 12 weeks (n = 55) and 24 weeks (n = 44) of an exercise interventio…
The influence of clinic care on perceptions and knowledge of non-communicable diseases and physical activity from a low-resourced community
PACTR201609001771813
Strategies of Modelling Incident Outcomes Using Cox Regression to Estimate the Population Attributable Risk
When the Cox model is applied, some recommendations about the choice of the time metric and the model's structure are often disregarded along with the proportionality of risk assumption. Moreover, most of the published studies fail to frame the real impact of a risk factor in the target population. Our aim was to show how modelling strategies affected Cox model assumptions. Furthermore, we showed how the Cox modelling strategies affected the popu…
Relationships between Iron Status and Selected Physical Fitness Components of South African Adolescents
Poor iron status is detrimental to physical and cognitive performance in adolescents. Due to the limited studies investigating the association between iron status and physical fitness components in adolescents from low- and middle-income countries, we aimed to determine the association of iron status with selected physical fitness components in South African adolescents. A cross-sectional study design, including 178 adolescents (102 girls and 76 …
Assessment of non-communicable disease risk factors, functional performance, and health-related quality of life in adults
NCD risk factors, functional performance, and HRQoL significantly differ in rural communities compared to low-resourced urban communities in South Africa. Urban areas' most prevalent risk factors were elevated blood pressure, physical inactivity, and increased waist circumference. Participants from rural areas demonstrated significantly better functional performance, such as fitness and balance. HRQoL was better in rural settings than in urban se…
A synthesis view of counterfactuals
There are two prominent views of counterfactuals in the literature—variably strict conditional accounts developed by Stalnaker 1968 and D. K. Lewis 1973, and strict conditional accounts defended by von Fintel 2001, Gillies 2007, and others. Unfortunately, both views face serious challenges. This paper argues that traditional strict conditional views fail to accommodate our judgments about probabilistic variants of Heim sequences, where these judg…
Medicine (15 works) · Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet (11 works) · Computer Science (9 works) · Epistemology, Ethics, and Metaphysics (9 works) · Gerontology (9 works) · Physical therapy (9 works) · Public health (9 works) · Demography (8 works) · Demography (7 works) · Environmental health (7 works)