Vivienne Gray
Biographic Data
| ID | 3875145 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Vivienne Gray |
| GIVEN NAMES | Vivienne |
| FAMILY NAME | Gray |
| SIGNATURE | GRAY V |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Auckland |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 24 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 137 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 24 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1980 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2017 |
| H-INDEX | 7 |
Thucydides and His Continuators
This chapter discusses the ways in which later historians completed the unfinished history of Thucydides. Cratippus (the author of the Hellenica Oxyrhynchia), Xenophon and Theopompus all wrote completions of Thucydides. They also attached continuations to their completions, going well beyond the endpoint Thucydides envisaged at 5.26. This chapter mentions the continuations only where relevant, however, choosing instead to focus on the completions…
Xenophon’s Language and Expression
Thucydides' Source Citations: ‘It Is Said’
It is said' is a common tag in Greek historians and raises the question whether it is a serious historical source reference or mere rhetorical substantiation. This categorises and analyses the use of the term in Thucydides. The anonymous reviewer for CQ called it 'an excellent piece, well paced, on the whole lucid, and very convincing'. It was printed with only light revision
Xenophon's Mirror of Princes: Reading the Reflections
http://librarysearch.auckland.ac.nz/primo_library/libweb/action/display.do?fn=search&doc=dedupmrg139475741&vid=UOA2_A
Xenophon’s Socrates and Democracy
This article surveys Xenophon’s evidence for Socrates’ views on democracy. It offers a more balanced and complete reading of the evidence in Xenophon’s Memorabilia, and takes account of new ways to assess the definition of what is democratic. It argues that Xenophon’s basic image of Socrates is democratic (dēmotikos) in the broadest sense through an investigation of topics such as Socrates’ attitudes towards democratic laws, and the use of dokima…
Xenophon's Adaptations of his Literary Predecessors: Homer, Herodotus, and Others
Chapter 3 examines Xenophon's intertextual adaptations of previous literature to showcase his new values relating to leadership, in allegories and in deconstructions of Homer and Herodotus.
Narrative Manner and Xenophon's More Routine Hellenica
To gain a balanced impression of Xenophon's Hellenica the reader has to grapple with the preponderance of military narrative. Most of his narrative is about warfare, which had been an integral part of ancient experience and a dominant theme in the literary tradition since Homer. It does not largely consist of character evaluations, nor those “purple passages,” old chestnuts such as the death of Theramenes, into which he intrudes his judgment for …
Structure and significance (5.55–69)
Herodotus 5.55–95 deals with events that laid the foundation for Athens' greatness in the fifth century, namely her liberation from the tyranny that Peisistratus established and his sons Hippias and Hipparchus continued after his death, and the reforms of Cleisthenes. Most of the history of Greece arises in the earlier books of Herodotus' Histories as digressions from the main account of the rise and expansion of eastern power; for example, the s…
The Linguistic Philosophies of Prodicus in Xenophon's ‘Choice of Heracles
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Interventions and Citations in Xenophon, Hellenica and Anabasis
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Short Stories in Herodotus’ Histories
To survey short stories in Herodotus is to survey his entire narrative, since short stories exhibit its more general features and are part of its structure. There is a need therefore to focus on their more distinctive qualities. The definition of short stories pursued in this chapter suggests a technique for the analysis of meaning: to identify the pattern through comparison with similar patterns, to consider the narrative shape, particularly ant…
Herodotus' Literary and Historical Method: Arion's Story (1.23-24)
Herodotus' Literary and Historical Method:Arion's Story (1.23-24) Vivienne Gray Herodotus' story of how the talented and original musical performer and conductor Arion of Methymna was rescued from the sea and carried to dry land by a dolphin is of great interest because of the literary and historical methods he uses.1 The story arises out of the siege of Miletus and is connected with it through Periander (1.20, 1.24.1, 7), but different readings …
Xenophon and Isocrates
Xenophon (c.430 to at least 356 bc) and Isocrates (436–338 bc), contemporaries of Plato, had the opportunity to learn from Socrates and other philosophers who aimed to produce political virtue. Isocrates’ own ‘philosophy’ took the form of an ‘education through speaking and writing’ that prepared pupils to play their part in domestic and international politics. His speeches served as models. Xenophon spent his maturity in exile from Athens ‘huntin…
Reading the Rise of Pisistratus: Herodotus 1.56-68
Herodotus and Images of Tyranny: The Tyrants of Corinth
Herodotus and Images of Tyranny:The Tyrants of Corinth Vivienne J. Gray Introduction This paper considers Herodotus' presentation of the tyrants of Corinth (3.48–53, 5.92) and some recent readings of the same.1 The speech that Herodotus puts into the mouth of Socles of Corinth (5.92) is a main source for the tyranny of Cypselus and Periander, and also for the relations of the Spartans with their Peloponnesian allies and Athens, for it seems to pe…
Herodotus and the Rhetoric of Otherness
The Character of Xenophon's Hellenica
The Character of Xenophon's Hellenica
The Character of Xenophon's Hellenica
Xenophon's Defence of Socrates: The Rhetorical Background to the Socratic Problem
The death of Socrates gave birth to an industry of biographical literature which often took the form of a defence ( apologia ) or prosecution ( katēgoria ), sometimes purporting to be the actual defence or prosecution conducted at his trial. Plato and Xenophon wrote works in his defence. Among his critics, one Polycrates had a certain notoriety. Lysias, Theodectes and Demetrius of Phalerum, orators and rhetoricians like Polycrates, were credited …
Mimesis in Greek Historical Theory
Xenophon's Hiero and the Meeting of the Wise Man and Tyrant in Greek Literature
The Hiero is an account in Socratic conversational form of a meeting between Simonides the poet and Hiero the tyrant of Syracuse; it was written by Xenophon of Athens in the fourth century b.c., but is set in the fifth, when the historical Simonides and Hiero lived and met. The subject they are portrayed discussing is the relative happiness of the tyrant and private individual. Plato also makes this a topic of discussion in his Republic . However…
Dialogue in Xenophon's Hellenica
The use of dialogue in Xenophon's Hellenica is a phenomenon that needs explanation. Among previous historians, Herodotus had used it frequently but Thucydides hardly at all. In Xenophon's own time, Ctesias had used it but not the author of the Hellenica Oxyrhynchia nor Ephorus to any great extent, as far as we can tell. Theopompus had plagiarized one of the Hellenica dialogues as well as adding others of his own. Generally, dialogue occurred less…
The Years 375 to 371 Bc: A Case Study in the Reliability of Diodorus Siculus and Xenophon
Neither the chronology nor the interpretation of the history of the years 375 to 371 BC is yet settled. The date of the peace that followed the Athenian naval victory over Sparta at Alyzeia in Scirophorion 375 is put variously in the second half of 375 or 374 or even in spring 374. The status of the Boeotian cities at the time of the peace as well as the role of the King and the participation of Thebes are controversial, and this affects the inte…
Xenophon's Mirror of Princes: Reading the Reflections
http://librarysearch.auckland.ac.nz/primo_library/libweb/action/display.do?fn=search&doc=dedupmrg139475741&vid=UOA2_A
Interventions and Citations in Xenophon, Hellenica and Anabasis
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Mimesis in Greek Historical Theory
Dialogue in Xenophon's Hellenica
The use of dialogue in Xenophon's Hellenica is a phenomenon that needs explanation. Among previous historians, Herodotus had used it frequently but Thucydides hardly at all. In Xenophon's own time, Ctesias had used it but not the author of the Hellenica Oxyrhynchia nor Ephorus to any great extent, as far as we can tell. Theopompus had plagiarized one of the Hellenica dialogues as well as adding others of his own. Generally, dialogue occurred less…
The Years 375 to 371 Bc: A Case Study in the Reliability of Diodorus Siculus and Xenophon
Neither the chronology nor the interpretation of the history of the years 375 to 371 BC is yet settled. The date of the peace that followed the Athenian naval victory over Sparta at Alyzeia in Scirophorion 375 is put variously in the second half of 375 or 374 or even in spring 374. The status of the Boeotian cities at the time of the peace as well as the role of the King and the participation of Thebes are controversial, and this affects the inte…
Herodotus and Images of Tyranny: The Tyrants of Corinth
Herodotus and Images of Tyranny:The Tyrants of Corinth Vivienne J. Gray Introduction This paper considers Herodotus' presentation of the tyrants of Corinth (3.48–53, 5.92) and some recent readings of the same.1 The speech that Herodotus puts into the mouth of Socles of Corinth (5.92) is a main source for the tyranny of Cypselus and Periander, and also for the relations of the Spartans with their Peloponnesian allies and Athens, for it seems to pe…
Xenophon's Hiero and the Meeting of the Wise Man and Tyrant in Greek Literature
The Hiero is an account in Socratic conversational form of a meeting between Simonides the poet and Hiero the tyrant of Syracuse; it was written by Xenophon of Athens in the fourth century b.c., but is set in the fifth, when the historical Simonides and Hiero lived and met. The subject they are portrayed discussing is the relative happiness of the tyrant and private individual. Plato also makes this a topic of discussion in his Republic . However…
Herodotus and the Rhetoric of Otherness
Herodotus' Literary and Historical Method: Arion's Story (1.23-24)
Herodotus' Literary and Historical Method:Arion's Story (1.23-24) Vivienne Gray Herodotus' story of how the talented and original musical performer and conductor Arion of Methymna was rescued from the sea and carried to dry land by a dolphin is of great interest because of the literary and historical methods he uses.1 The story arises out of the siege of Miletus and is connected with it through Periander (1.20, 1.24.1, 7), but different readings …
The Linguistic Philosophies of Prodicus in Xenophon's ‘Choice of Heracles
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Xenophon’s Socrates and Democracy
This article surveys Xenophon’s evidence for Socrates’ views on democracy. It offers a more balanced and complete reading of the evidence in Xenophon’s Memorabilia, and takes account of new ways to assess the definition of what is democratic. It argues that Xenophon’s basic image of Socrates is democratic (dēmotikos) in the broadest sense through an investigation of topics such as Socrates’ attitudes towards democratic laws, and the use of dokima…
The Years 375 to 371 Bc: A Case Study in the Reliability of Diodorus Siculus and Xenophon
Neither the chronology nor the interpretation of the history of the years 375 to 371 BC is yet settled. The date of the peace that followed the Athenian naval victory over Sparta at Alyzeia in Scirophorion 375 is put variously in the second half of 375 or 374 or even in spring 374. The status of the Boeotian cities at the time of the peace as well as the role of the King and the participation of Thebes are controversial, and this affects the inte…
Dialogue in Xenophon's Hellenica
The use of dialogue in Xenophon's Hellenica is a phenomenon that needs explanation. Among previous historians, Herodotus had used it frequently but Thucydides hardly at all. In Xenophon's own time, Ctesias had used it but not the author of the Hellenica Oxyrhynchia nor Ephorus to any great extent, as far as we can tell. Theopompus had plagiarized one of the Hellenica dialogues as well as adding others of his own. Generally, dialogue occurred less…
Xenophon's Hiero and the Meeting of the Wise Man and Tyrant in Greek Literature
The Hiero is an account in Socratic conversational form of a meeting between Simonides the poet and Hiero the tyrant of Syracuse; it was written by Xenophon of Athens in the fourth century b.c., but is set in the fifth, when the historical Simonides and Hiero lived and met. The subject they are portrayed discussing is the relative happiness of the tyrant and private individual. Plato also makes this a topic of discussion in his Republic . However…
Mimesis in Greek Historical Theory
Xenophon's Defence of Socrates: The Rhetorical Background to the Socratic Problem
The death of Socrates gave birth to an industry of biographical literature which often took the form of a defence ( apologia ) or prosecution ( katēgoria ), sometimes purporting to be the actual defence or prosecution conducted at his trial. Plato and Xenophon wrote works in his defence. Among his critics, one Polycrates had a certain notoriety. Lysias, Theodectes and Demetrius of Phalerum, orators and rhetoricians like Polycrates, were credited …
The Character of Xenophon's Hellenica
The Character of Xenophon's Hellenica
The Character of Xenophon's Hellenica
Herodotus and the Rhetoric of Otherness
Herodotus and Images of Tyranny: The Tyrants of Corinth
Herodotus and Images of Tyranny:The Tyrants of Corinth Vivienne J. Gray Introduction This paper considers Herodotus' presentation of the tyrants of Corinth (3.48–53, 5.92) and some recent readings of the same.1 The speech that Herodotus puts into the mouth of Socles of Corinth (5.92) is a main source for the tyranny of Cypselus and Periander, and also for the relations of the Spartans with their Peloponnesian allies and Athens, for it seems to pe…
Reading the Rise of Pisistratus: Herodotus 1.56-68
Xenophon and Isocrates
Xenophon (c.430 to at least 356 bc) and Isocrates (436–338 bc), contemporaries of Plato, had the opportunity to learn from Socrates and other philosophers who aimed to produce political virtue. Isocrates’ own ‘philosophy’ took the form of an ‘education through speaking and writing’ that prepared pupils to play their part in domestic and international politics. His speeches served as models. Xenophon spent his maturity in exile from Athens ‘huntin…
Herodotus' Literary and Historical Method: Arion's Story (1.23-24)
Herodotus' Literary and Historical Method:Arion's Story (1.23-24) Vivienne Gray Herodotus' story of how the talented and original musical performer and conductor Arion of Methymna was rescued from the sea and carried to dry land by a dolphin is of great interest because of the literary and historical methods he uses.1 The story arises out of the siege of Miletus and is connected with it through Periander (1.20, 1.24.1, 7), but different readings …
Short Stories in Herodotus’ Histories
To survey short stories in Herodotus is to survey his entire narrative, since short stories exhibit its more general features and are part of its structure. There is a need therefore to focus on their more distinctive qualities. The definition of short stories pursued in this chapter suggests a technique for the analysis of meaning: to identify the pattern through comparison with similar patterns, to consider the narrative shape, particularly ant…
Interventions and Citations in Xenophon, Hellenica and Anabasis
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
The Linguistic Philosophies of Prodicus in Xenophon's ‘Choice of Heracles
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Narrative Manner and Xenophon's More Routine Hellenica
To gain a balanced impression of Xenophon's Hellenica the reader has to grapple with the preponderance of military narrative. Most of his narrative is about warfare, which had been an integral part of ancient experience and a dominant theme in the literary tradition since Homer. It does not largely consist of character evaluations, nor those “purple passages,” old chestnuts such as the death of Theramenes, into which he intrudes his judgment for …
Structure and significance (5.55–69)
Herodotus 5.55–95 deals with events that laid the foundation for Athens' greatness in the fifth century, namely her liberation from the tyranny that Peisistratus established and his sons Hippias and Hipparchus continued after his death, and the reforms of Cleisthenes. Most of the history of Greece arises in the earlier books of Herodotus' Histories as digressions from the main account of the rise and expansion of eastern power; for example, the s…
Xenophon's Adaptations of his Literary Predecessors: Homer, Herodotus, and Others
Chapter 3 examines Xenophon's intertextual adaptations of previous literature to showcase his new values relating to leadership, in allegories and in deconstructions of Homer and Herodotus.
Thucydides' Source Citations: ‘It Is Said’
It is said' is a common tag in Greek historians and raises the question whether it is a serious historical source reference or mere rhetorical substantiation. This categorises and analyses the use of the term in Thucydides. The anonymous reviewer for CQ called it 'an excellent piece, well paced, on the whole lucid, and very convincing'. It was printed with only light revision
Xenophon's Mirror of Princes: Reading the Reflections
http://librarysearch.auckland.ac.nz/primo_library/libweb/action/display.do?fn=search&doc=dedupmrg139475741&vid=UOA2_A
Xenophon’s Socrates and Democracy
This article surveys Xenophon’s evidence for Socrates’ views on democracy. It offers a more balanced and complete reading of the evidence in Xenophon’s Memorabilia, and takes account of new ways to assess the definition of what is democratic. It argues that Xenophon’s basic image of Socrates is democratic (dēmotikos) in the broadest sense through an investigation of topics such as Socrates’ attitudes towards democratic laws, and the use of dokima…
Xenophon’s Language and Expression
Thucydides and His Continuators
This chapter discusses the ways in which later historians completed the unfinished history of Thucydides. Cratippus (the author of the Hellenica Oxyrhynchia), Xenophon and Theopompus all wrote completions of Thucydides. They also attached continuations to their completions, going well beyond the endpoint Thucydides envisaged at 5.26. This chapter mentions the continuations only where relevant, however, choosing instead to focus on the completions…
Classical Antiquity Studies (21 works) · Philosophy (19 works) · History (18 works) · Art (17 works) · Literature (17 works) · Philosophy (14 works) · History (12 works) · Epistemology (7 works) · Byzantine Studies and History (6 works) · Law (6 works)