Colin Macleod
Biographic Data
| ID | 3884645 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Colin Macleod |
| GIVEN NAMES | Colin |
| FAMILY NAME | Macleod |
| SIGNATURE | MACLEOD C |
| AFFILIATIONS | The University of Western Australia |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-2407-7339 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 38 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 113 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 36 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 2 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1977 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
Vaccine hesitancy and uptake during pregnancy: Investigating the role of emotional mental imagery
BACKGROUND: Vaccine hesitancy and suboptimal vaccine uptake pose significant threats to public health, but modifiable psychological factors underpinning them are under-investigated. We examined the prevalence of spontaneous emotional mental imagery relating to infectious diseases and perinatal vaccines and its unique associations with vaccine hesitancy and uptake behaviour. METHODS: In a two-part longitudinal study, a sample of 411 English-speaki…
Finding consensus on well-being in education
Research on well-being and concern over the well-being of students and teachers has grown dramatically in recent years. Researchers and reformers in positive psychology and education, self-determination theory, social and emotional learning, liberal-democratic political and educational philosophy, and neo-Aristotelian theories of flourishing and character education have played formative and intersecting roles in what is now an international movem…
A serial mediation model of attentional engagement with thin bodies on body dissatisfaction: The role of appearance comparisons and rumination
Emotional mental imagery generation during spontaneous future thinking: Relationship with optimism and negative mood
Gone for good: Lack of priming suggests early perceptual interference in emotion-induced blindness with negative stimuli
Emotionally negative stimuli are perceptually prioritized to such a degree that they can cause people to miss seeing subsequent targets that appear in front of their eyes. It is unclear whether this effect (known as emotion-induced blindness) reflects postperceptual interference, in which case unseen targets might still impact later responses, as in the seemingly similar "attentional blink". An alternative is that emotional distractors prevent ta…
Anxiety-linked impairment in the ability to recode stimuli
It has been proposed that elevated trait anxiety is associated with deficits in cognitive flexibility, which is required to enable people to switch between different ways of classifying information. Recent research has focused on a particular facet of cognitive flexibility that may be specifically impaired in high trait anxious individuals. This concerns the ability to recode stimulus information that has initially been categorized in terms of 1 …
Healthiness matters: Approach motivation for healthy food in overweight and obese individuals
Enhanced capacity to switch but not to maintain: The basis of attentional bias to high calorie foods in restrained eaters
Attentional control moderates the relationship between social anxiety and selective attentional responding to negative social information: Evidence from objective measures of attentional processes
Cognitive theories of social anxiety implicate greater attention to negative social information in the development and maintenance of heightened social anxiety. Empirical evidence for this proposal, however, has been inconsistent. The aim of the current study was to examine the role of attentional control, which is one's ability to deploy attention to goal-relevant information as a potential moderator of the association between selective attentio…
When Alcohol Adverts Catch the Eye: A Psychometrically Reliable Dual-Probe Measure of Attentional Bias
Existing tasks assessing substance-related attentional biases are characterized by low internal consistency and test-retest reliability. This study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of a novel dual-probe task to measure alcohol-related attentional bias. Undergraduate students were recruited in June 2019 (N = 63; final N = 57; mean age = 20.88, SD = 2.63, 67% females). In the dual-probe task, participants were presented with simultaneous…
Anxiety & inhibition: Dissociating the involvement of state and trait anxiety in inhibitory control deficits observed on the anti-saccade task
The existence of a relationship between heightened anxiety and impaired inhibitory control is well established. However, it remains unknown whether such reduced inhibitory control is a stable characteristic of elevated trait anxiety, is driven by elevated state anxiety, or is a joint function of both trait and state anxiety. The present study sought to resolve this issue, by having high and low trait anxious participants complete an anti-saccade …
A Cross-Cultural Study of Justice Sensitivity and Its Consequences for Cooperation
In Western samples, individuals differ systematically in the importance they assign to matters of justice and injustice, and dispositional Justice Sensitivity can be differentiated according to the perspectives of victim, observer, beneficiary, and perpetrator. In a cross-cultural comparison between the Philippines, Germany, and Australia ( N = 677 students), we investigated whether Justice Sensitivity can be equivalently described by these four …
Paradoxes of Children’s Vulnerability
This paper explores the manner in which the special vulnerabilities of children ground duties to protect them from threats to their well-being. I distinguish three kinds of risk: pointless risks, required risks and unnecessary risks. I argue that a seemingly plausible view that holds that adults should strive to protect children from both pointless risks and unnecessary risks is mistaken. Instead respect for children as juvenile but not fully mat…
Food healthiness versus tastiness: Contrasting their impact on more and less successful healthy shoppers within a virtual food shopping task
Integrating Personality Structure, Personality Process, and Personality Development
In this target article, we argue that personality processes, personality structure, and personality development have to be understood and investigated in integrated ways in order to provide comprehensive responses to the key questions of personality psychology. The psychological processes and mechanisms that explain concrete behaviour in concrete situations should provide explanation for patterns of variation across situations and individuals, fo…
The pulling power of chocolate: Effects of approach–avoidance training on approach bias and consumption
The sky is falling: Evidence of a Negativity Bias in the Social Transmission of Information
The Nature of Children's Well-Being: Theory and Practice
This book presents new findings that deal with different facets of the well-being of children and their relevance to the proper treatment of children. The well-being of children is considered against the background of a wide variety of legal, political, medical, educational and familial perspectives. The book addresses diverse issues from a range of disciplinary perspectives using a variety of methods. It has three major sections with the essays …
Agency, Authority and the Vulnerability of Children
Stuck in a sad place: Biased attentional disengagement in rumination
Previous research has demonstrated that heightened ruminative disposition is characterized by an attentional bias to depressogenic information at 1,000-ms exposure durations. However, it is unknown whether this attentional bias reflects facilitated attentional engagement with depressogenic information, or impaired attentional disengagement from such information. The present study was designed to address this question. In keeping with recent theor…
Cambridge Rawls Lexicon
John Rawls is widely regarded as one of the most influential philosophers of the twentieth century, and his work has permanently shaped the nature and terms of moral and political philosophy, deploying a robust and specialized vocabulary that reaches beyond philosophy to political science, economics, sociology, and law. This volume is a complete and accessible guide to Rawls' vocabulary, with over 200 alphabetical encyclopaedic entries written by…
Expectancy bias in anxious samples
Although it is well documented that anxious individuals have negative expectations about the future, it is unclear what cognitive processes give rise to this expectancy bias. Two studies are reported that use the Expectancy Task, which is designed to assess expectancy bias and illuminate its basis. This task presents individuals with valenced scenarios (Positive Valence, Negative Valence, or Conflicting Valence), and then evaluates their tendency…
Don’t start what you can’t stop: Differentiating individual differences in ruminative onset and ruminative persistence, and their contributions to dysphoria
There is much evidence to suggest that rumination and dysphoria share a close relationship. The tendency to ruminate is considered a stable individual difference, reflecting variation in repetitive thoughts concerning the causes and consequences of distress. In the present study, we evaluated the veracity of a proposed distinction between 2 hypothetical dimensions of ruminative tendency, which plausibly represent dissociable facets of disposition…
Attentional bias to negative information and 5-HTTLPR genotype interactively predict students' emotional reactivity to first university semester
People strongly differ in their emotional reactions to potentially stressing and challenging environmental circumstances. Two classes of individual differences have independently been reported to contribute to such emotional vulnerability: an attentional bias to negative information and a variation in the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR). The present study was conducted to investigate the possibility that these cognitive and genetic markers …
Anxiety reactivity and anxiety perseveration represent dissociable dimensions of trait anxiety
Trait anxiety is an individual-difference variable reflecting variation in state-anxiety elevations resulting from exposure to a stressor. It is usually measured using questionnaire instruments, such as the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-T). The present research conceptually distinguishes, and independently assesses, two hypothetical dimensions of anxiety vulnerability which, it is argued, could plausibly make independent contrib…
The emotional Stroop task and psychopathology
Attentional bias is a central feature of many cognitive theories of psychopathology. One of the most frequent methods of investigating such bias has been an emotional analog of the Stroop task. In this task, participants name the colors in which words are printed, and the words vary in their relevance to each theme of psychopathology. The authors review research showing that patients are often slower to name the color of a word associated with co…
The sky is falling: Evidence of a Negativity Bias in the Social Transmission of Information
The pulling power of chocolate: Effects of approach–avoidance training on approach bias and consumption
Memory accessibility and probability judgments: An experimental evaluation of the availability heuristic
Consistent with Tversky and Kahneman's (1973, 1974) availability heuristic hypothesis, the current study found a negative correlation between recall latency for past events and the perceived future probability of similar events. Furthermore, when the relative accessibility of memories of positive and negative events was experimentally manipulated using the Velten mood-induction procedure, the perceived future probabilities of similar events also …
Toleration, Children and Education
The paper explores challenges for the interpretation of the ideal toleration that arise in educational contexts involving children. It offers an account of how a respect‐based conception of toleration can help to resolve controversies about the accommodation and response to diversity that arise in schools
Healthiness matters: Approach motivation for healthy food in overweight and obese individuals
Enhanced capacity to switch but not to maintain: The basis of attentional bias to high calorie foods in restrained eaters
Food healthiness versus tastiness: Contrasting their impact on more and less successful healthy shoppers within a virtual food shopping task
Paradoxes of Children’s Vulnerability
This paper explores the manner in which the special vulnerabilities of children ground duties to protect them from threats to their well-being. I distinguish three kinds of risk: pointless risks, required risks and unnecessary risks. I argue that a seemingly plausible view that holds that adults should strive to protect children from both pointless risks and unnecessary risks is mistaken. Instead respect for children as juvenile but not fully mat…
CAQ Volume 27 issue 2 Cover and Fornt matter
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Attentional bias in emotional disorders.
Use of Profanity in the Counseling Interview
Although profane language is used in the counseling interview by both clients and counselors, past research has focused on the counselor's use of profanity without considering whether the counselor is matching the language of the client. This research examined 160 college students' impressions of an audiotape of a female counselor who used profanity with either a male or female client who did or did not use profanity. In general, when the female …
Memory accessibility and probability judgments: An experimental evaluation of the availability heuristic
Consistent with Tversky and Kahneman's (1973, 1974) availability heuristic hypothesis, the current study found a negative correlation between recall latency for past events and the perceived future probability of similar events. Furthermore, when the relative accessibility of memories of positive and negative events was experimentally manipulated using the Velten mood-induction procedure, the perceived future probabilities of similar events also …
Cognitive Approaches to Emotion and Emotional Disorders
A revolution in the science of emotion has emerged in recent decades, with the potential to create a paradigm shift in decision theories. The research reveals that emotions constitute potent, pervasive, predictable, sometimes harmful and sometimes ...Read More
Judging in Good Faith
The emotional Stroop task and psychopathology
Attentional bias is a central feature of many cognitive theories of psychopathology. One of the most frequent methods of investigating such bias has been an emotional analog of the Stroop task. In this task, participants name the colors in which words are printed, and the words vary in their relevance to each theme of psychopathology. The authors review research showing that patients are often slower to name the color of a word associated with co…
Collected Essays
Selective attention and emotional vulnerability: Assessing the causal basis of their association through the experimental manipulation of attentional bias.
Although it is well-established that vulnerability to negative emotion is associated with attentional bias toward aversive information, the causal basis of this association remains undetermined. Two studies addressed this issue by experimentally inducing differential attentional responses to emotional stimuli using a modified dot probe task, and then examining the impact of such attentional manipulation on subsequent emotional vulnerability. The …
Cognitive Vulnerability to Emotional Disorders
A review of recent research on cognitive processing indicates that biases in attention, memory, and interpretation, as well as repetitive negative thoughts, are common across emotional disorders, although they vary in form according to type of disorder. Current cognitive models emphasize specific forms of biased processing, such as variations in the focus of attention or habitual interpretative styles that contribute to the risk of developing par…
Prepared for the worst: Readiness to acquire threat bias and susceptibility to elevate trait anxiety
Although people differ in their susceptibility to elevate trait anxiety in response to extended stress, little is known about the cognitive substrate of this particular individual difference. We report three studies designed to evaluate the hypothesis that individual differences in readiness to acquire an attentional bias toward threat cues, in response to a contingency that makes the acquisition of such a bias adaptive, underlie individual diffe…
Justice, Educational Equality, and Sufficiency
Among the novel objects that attracted my attention during my stay in the United States, nothing struck me more forcibly than the general equality of condition among the people. (de Tocqueville 1990, 7) There are significant inequalities in the lives of America's children, including inequalities in the education that these children receive. These educational inequalities include not only disparities in funding per pupil but also in class size, te…
Toleration, Children and Education
The paper explores challenges for the interpretation of the ideal toleration that arise in educational contexts involving children. It offers an account of how a respect‐based conception of toleration can help to resolve controversies about the accommodation and response to diversity that arise in schools
Anxiety reactivity and anxiety perseveration represent dissociable dimensions of trait anxiety
Trait anxiety is an individual-difference variable reflecting variation in state-anxiety elevations resulting from exposure to a stressor. It is usually measured using questionnaire instruments, such as the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-T). The present research conceptually distinguishes, and independently assesses, two hypothetical dimensions of anxiety vulnerability which, it is argued, could plausibly make independent contrib…
Attentional bias to negative information and 5-HTTLPR genotype interactively predict students' emotional reactivity to first university semester
People strongly differ in their emotional reactions to potentially stressing and challenging environmental circumstances. Two classes of individual differences have independently been reported to contribute to such emotional vulnerability: an attentional bias to negative information and a variation in the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR). The present study was conducted to investigate the possibility that these cognitive and genetic markers …
Don’t start what you can’t stop: Differentiating individual differences in ruminative onset and ruminative persistence, and their contributions to dysphoria
There is much evidence to suggest that rumination and dysphoria share a close relationship. The tendency to ruminate is considered a stable individual difference, reflecting variation in repetitive thoughts concerning the causes and consequences of distress. In the present study, we evaluated the veracity of a proposed distinction between 2 hypothetical dimensions of ruminative tendency, which plausibly represent dissociable facets of disposition…
Expectancy bias in anxious samples
Although it is well documented that anxious individuals have negative expectations about the future, it is unclear what cognitive processes give rise to this expectancy bias. Two studies are reported that use the Expectancy Task, which is designed to assess expectancy bias and illuminate its basis. This task presents individuals with valenced scenarios (Positive Valence, Negative Valence, or Conflicting Valence), and then evaluates their tendency…
The Nature of Children's Well-Being: Theory and Practice
This book presents new findings that deal with different facets of the well-being of children and their relevance to the proper treatment of children. The well-being of children is considered against the background of a wide variety of legal, political, medical, educational and familial perspectives. The book addresses diverse issues from a range of disciplinary perspectives using a variety of methods. It has three major sections with the essays …
Agency, Authority and the Vulnerability of Children
Stuck in a sad place: Biased attentional disengagement in rumination
Previous research has demonstrated that heightened ruminative disposition is characterized by an attentional bias to depressogenic information at 1,000-ms exposure durations. However, it is unknown whether this attentional bias reflects facilitated attentional engagement with depressogenic information, or impaired attentional disengagement from such information. The present study was designed to address this question. In keeping with recent theor…
Cambridge Rawls Lexicon
John Rawls is widely regarded as one of the most influential philosophers of the twentieth century, and his work has permanently shaped the nature and terms of moral and political philosophy, deploying a robust and specialized vocabulary that reaches beyond philosophy to political science, economics, sociology, and law. This volume is a complete and accessible guide to Rawls' vocabulary, with over 200 alphabetical encyclopaedic entries written by…
The pulling power of chocolate: Effects of approach–avoidance training on approach bias and consumption
The sky is falling: Evidence of a Negativity Bias in the Social Transmission of Information
Integrating Personality Structure, Personality Process, and Personality Development
In this target article, we argue that personality processes, personality structure, and personality development have to be understood and investigated in integrated ways in order to provide comprehensive responses to the key questions of personality psychology. The psychological processes and mechanisms that explain concrete behaviour in concrete situations should provide explanation for patterns of variation across situations and individuals, fo…
Paradoxes of Children’s Vulnerability
This paper explores the manner in which the special vulnerabilities of children ground duties to protect them from threats to their well-being. I distinguish three kinds of risk: pointless risks, required risks and unnecessary risks. I argue that a seemingly plausible view that holds that adults should strive to protect children from both pointless risks and unnecessary risks is mistaken. Instead respect for children as juvenile but not fully mat…
Psychology (33 works) · Cognition (19 works) · Developmental psychology (18 works) · Cognitive psychology (16 works) · Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes (15 works) · Clinical Psychology (13 works) · Neuroscience (12 works) · Attentional bias (11 works) · Mental Health Research Topics (11 works) · Social Psychology (11 works)