Ali Balci
Biographic Data
| ID | 388518 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Ali Balci |
| GIVEN NAMES | Ali |
| FAMILY NAME | Balci |
| SIGNATURE | BALCI A |
| AFFILIATIONS | Sakarya University |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-4429-9318 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 32 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 59 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 32 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2008 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
High-Level Leader Visits
Once deemed a “nearly impossible” area of study, high-level leader visits—one of the most visible and consequential practices in global politics—have recently attracted renewed scholarly attention. This resurgence stems from the growing recognition of leader visits as a valuable lens for addressing foundational questions in international relations, including why states act as they do, the consequences of their actions, and how their behavior shap…
The power of disrespect
Why do leaders of weaker states employ overt impoliteness in their highest-level engagements with dominant counterparts? Despite growing interest in impoliteness in international relations, little is known about its use by weaker states against stronger ones. This article addresses this gap by conceptualising impoliteness as a pragmatic bargaining resource in asymmetric relations, focusing on encounters between US leaders and their Middle Eastern…
Late Ottoman Order in India
Why do resistance movements align with declining powers? This paper examines how Indian Muslims engaged with the waning Ottoman Empire to contest British colonial rule, despite the absence of material support. Drawing on theories of hierarchy, international order, and resistance, we introduce the concept of “resistance-oriented order” to highlight how subordinate actors construct alternative hierarchies through ideological and normative affiliati…
Beyond direct contact
This article introduces ‘postcolonial acculturation’, a novel framework challenging the traditional focus on direct intercultural contact in acculturation studies. Existing scholarship overlooks the enduring impact of colonial legacies on cultural identity formation in postcolonial societies. We argue that acculturation continues through the persistent influence of colonial cultural hegemony, even in the absence of direct control. ‘Postcolonial a…
Where Small Powers Travel? Understanding Jordan’s High-Level Diplomatic Visit Patterns
Where do leaders of smaller powers travel abroad? By examining high-level leader visits of a small power, we gain an understanding of the determinants of their foreign policy orientations. Existing literature on this topic is primarily qualitative. This study focuses on Jordan, using a comprehensive dataset of high-level visits from 1989 to 2023 to test and revise assumptions about small power foreign policy. We find that Jordan’s foreign policy …
Giving a hand to autocrats
The existing literature largely agrees that Russia and China actively bolster and protect authoritarian regimes as alternatives to liberal democracies. While empirical research predominantly focuses on economic and military aid as primary mechanisms, emerging studies on 'leader visits' reveal that great powers send visible, immediate, and robust signals of support to their protégés, especially against domestic and regional threats. Given that fac…
Mi̇hai̇l Romm’un Tri̇nadtsat Fi̇lmi̇nde “Basmacilar”
1917 Ekim Devrimi, sömürgecilik çerçevesinde şekillenen Çarlık Rusya’sının mirası olan Orta Asya algısına ve söylemi üzerinde derin bir etki yaratmıştır. Rus imparatorluk oryantalizmini devralan Sovyetler, etnik ve bölgesel kimlikleri ortadan kaldırma amacıyla yeni ürettiği söylemler ile kendi Doğu’sunu yönetme ve hükmetme çabası içerisine girmiştir. Rasyonel, seküler ve devrimci Sovyet düşüncesinin karşısında konumlandırılan egzotik, bâtıl ve ka…
Drivers of Iran's Africa Engagement
The nuanced dynamics of Iran's engagement with Africa have captivated the attention of a broad spectrum of analysts and academicians. Endeavoring to elucidate the underpinnings of Tehran's involvement on the continent, these scholars have posited a variety of determinants, yet the empirical validation of these factors remains largely unexplored. Leveraging a comprehensive dataset of Iran's high-level diplomatic visits to African nations, this stu…
The Ottoman International System
This article posits that the Ottoman international system was built on three pillars: power projection, interconnectedness, and autonomy of frontier polities. While its military power projection dwarfed its great power rivals, cultural and organizational capacities of the Ottoman Empire extended its influence to areas out of its military reach. Occupying a central position in trade, pilgrimage, and diplomacy during the early modern period, the Ot…
Love, Money, or Fame? Determinants of Turkey’s Leader Visits
High-level leader visits serve as credible signals in international relations, as they not only reveal the priorities of states in foreign relations but also convey messages to third parties. Observations of Turkey’s elevated diplomatic encounters with Iran, China, and Russia suggest a potential deviation from the West, while visits to Middle Eastern capitals are interpreted as evidence of Turkey’s Islamization. Beyond these individual cases, is …
Enjoy Your New Region! The US Strategy of Shifting Turkey's Caucus in the UN Security Council in 1953
Where does Turkey geographically belong, the Middle East or Eastern Europe? This was a looming puzzle for the architects of the Cold War to solve in the early 1950s. This was so because Turkey’s region would dramatically affect the composition of members in the UN Security Council. Although Turkey was elected to the Council from the Middle East region in 1950, it moved its region to Eastern Europe in 1953 to compete with Poland for the Council se…
Controlling International Institutions
How did the US shape the composition of the UN Security Council during the early Cold War period? By focusing on the election of non‐permanent members to Council seats, this paper investigates what role the US played in the nomination and election of candidate countries. In doing so, the study relies heavily on US diplomatic archives since those archival materials are rich in terms of voting preferences of UN members, negotiations between the US …
The Ruling Group Survival
Why do some smaller states signal to move away from the US-led liberal order? We look at the ruling group survival in smaller allies to answer this pressing puzzle. Despite accepting the merit of systemic explanations, we simply argue that the ruling groups in smaller states engage with revisionist powers in the international system to sustain and enhance their privileged positions in the domestic policy setting. Hungary, a NATO member, and Pakis…
Muslim Solidarity in the UN General Assembly
In international politics, governments may tend to favor countries with which they share some degree of cultural affinity. Moreover, international organizations can strengthen solidarity among their members. Not surprisingly, Muslim countries, which came together under the umbrella of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation ( OIC ), frequently state that they pursue Muslim solidarity in international politics. By looking at voting preferences of …
Do Gladiators Fight for Their Masters? Voting Behavior of the US-Promoted United Nations Security Council Members in the Early Cold War
The United States took an active role in promoting some countries for a United Nations Security Council seat as part of its struggle with the Soviet Union during the early Cold War. Did these US-backed countries act in the interests of their promoter when they voted in the Council? Were these efforts of the United States advantageous? By studying the voting behavior of the US-backed countries between 1946 and 1965, this article answers the questi…
When Doves Feed Hawks
When does the war party win in the decision-making process? Why does the peace party lose even if war is too risky? In this article, we show that certain balancing acts of the peace party might increase the confidence of the war party. We examine how the Ottoman Empire’s risky Crimean War decision and its war declaration against Russia on 4 October 1853 were shaped by internal debating through time, foreign penetration, and dynamic interplay betw…
Turkey’s Candidature to the UN Security Council Seat in 1948
Following the Second World War, Turkey vigorously pursued a policy of effective participation in international institutions. As part of this policy, Turkish diplomats campaigned for a non-permanent seat in the UN Security Council in the year 1948. This article aims to provide descriptive information about this campaign and explain why Turkey lost the election in the UN General Assembly for the seat reserved for the Near East region. In doing so, …
Bringing the Ottoman Order Back into International Relations
Long neglected in international relations (IRs), the Ottoman Empire is now getting the attention it deserves. Leaving its “Westphalian straitjacket” behind, the discipline has finally taken a keen interest in non-Western and historical cases. However, the discipline has long focused disproportionately on the Chinese tributary system and produced a large body of literature about it. Spruyt's The World Imagined presents two crucial innovations. The…
When leadership traits meet historic success
This study aims to show how dispositional characters of political leaders are affected by situational developments during the time-in-office. Although newly emerging literature of leadership traits demonstrate that significant events alter leaders' traits, they mainly focus on the measurement of shocking events on dispositional features, leaving the effect of achievements underexplored. The Iranian nuclear deal of 2015 is one of the most signific…
Teachers’ Workplace Aggression Behaviors and Their Relationship with Organizational Justice
In this study, it was aimed to examine teachers’ workplace aggression behaviors and organizational justice perceptions and test the predictive effect of organizational justice on workplace aggression. Designed with causal comparative and correlational methods, the study had a sampling of 408 teachers, working in Kayseri and selected according to proportional stratified random sampling technique. Teachers’ Workplace Aggression Scale developed by t…
Algeria in declining ottoman hierarchy
The shattering Ottoman order in the early nineteenth century offers an intriguing puzzle about the behaviors of subordinates within declining hierarchical orders. While Greece, Egypt, and many other provinces challenged the Porte, Algiers preferred to remain within the Ottoman order. The puzzle turns into a riddle when considering that Algeria was bounded to the center in a loose way and uprising against the Porte was less risky and less costly. …
Turkey in the UN Security Council during the Cold War
Turkey served for five years in the UN Security Council during the early Cold War period. Throughout its service, first in 1951–1952, then in 1954–1955, finally in 1961, Turkey joined 201 voting sessions, and gave many statements on matters before the Security Council. The three electoral campaigns of Turkey for the temporary seat in the Council, and its voting and statement performance during a 5-year service are very informative not only about …
A Three-level Analysis of Turkey’s Crisis with the U.S.-led Order
Turkey in the discourse of European far right
This paper primarily aims to illustrate the role of discourse on Turkey and its EU membership process in European far right’s bid for power. By challenging core values of the EU through anti-Turkey discourse, the far right does not only shake the founding pillars of the EU such as pluralism and democracy, but it also stakes out a space for counter-hegemonic language. In order to test this argument, the paper looks at the discourse of three far ri…
Understanding the July 2016 Military Coup
This study explores the link between religious identity and conflict in contemporary Turkey by examining the dramatic reversals in the relations between the country's two prominent Islamic social forces, the ruling party AKP and the Gülen Organization. It shows how a particular trajectory of power and identity between the two religious forces transformed into a brutal security competition in the Turkish society and polity. It puts the analytical …
Love, Money, or Fame? Determinants of Turkey’s Leader Visits
High-level leader visits serve as credible signals in international relations, as they not only reveal the priorities of states in foreign relations but also convey messages to third parties. Observations of Turkey’s elevated diplomatic encounters with Iran, China, and Russia suggest a potential deviation from the West, while visits to Middle Eastern capitals are interpreted as evidence of Turkey’s Islamization. Beyond these individual cases, is …
Inter-societal security trilemma in Turkey
This article examines the inter-societal security trilemma among political Islamists, Kurdish actors, and the state in Turkey with a special reference to the failures in the Kurdish Opening that was initiated in 2009. While the Kurdish question is undoubtedly a long-standing multi-state and multi-causal ethno-political phenomenon, this study is primarily concerned with the identity–security-politics nexus. It addresses the question of how the pol…
Turkey in the UN Security Council during the Cold War
Turkey served for five years in the UN Security Council during the early Cold War period. Throughout its service, first in 1951–1952, then in 1954–1955, finally in 1961, Turkey joined 201 voting sessions, and gave many statements on matters before the Security Council. The three electoral campaigns of Turkey for the temporary seat in the Council, and its voting and statement performance during a 5-year service are very informative not only about …
The Kurdish movement’s EU policy in Turkey
This study aims to address a historical paradox: how can we understand the Kurdish movement’s EU policy in the two decades subsequent to the end of the Cold War? I argue that the Kurdish movement has pursued two different approaches towards the EU (or Turkey’s EU membership bid) in the last two decades. While the Kurdish movement adopted a pro-EU stance from the beginning of the 1990s until 2005, it situated itself in an in-between position towar…
Turkey’s Role in the Alliance of Civilizations
Since its foundation, Turkey’s foreign policymakers have declined to undertake any pioneering roles in global initiatives, such as assuming the position of the spokesperson of the Islamic world, on international platforms. Given this, the Alliance of Civilizations initiative presents not only a challenge to the traditional parameters of Turkish foreign policy but also a new perspective for Turkish foreign policy. This essay examines the roots of …
Algeria in declining ottoman hierarchy
The shattering Ottoman order in the early nineteenth century offers an intriguing puzzle about the behaviors of subordinates within declining hierarchical orders. While Greece, Egypt, and many other provinces challenged the Porte, Algiers preferred to remain within the Ottoman order. The puzzle turns into a riddle when considering that Algeria was bounded to the center in a loose way and uprising against the Porte was less risky and less costly. …
Turkey in the discourse of European far right
This paper primarily aims to illustrate the role of discourse on Turkey and its EU membership process in European far right’s bid for power. By challenging core values of the EU through anti-Turkey discourse, the far right does not only shake the founding pillars of the EU such as pluralism and democracy, but it also stakes out a space for counter-hegemonic language. In order to test this argument, the paper looks at the discourse of three far ri…
Writing the world into counter-hegemony
This article is an attempt to develop a theoretical framework about how to study dissident ethnic movements' foreign policies. Is it possible to speak about foreign policies of ethnic dissident movements, especially when it is considered that they have no characteristics of modern sovereignty such as territory and recognition? For example, do the Berbers in Morocco, the Catalans in Spain, the Balochs in Iran, and the Kurds in Turkey have a foreig…
Foreign Policy as Politicking in the Sarıkız Coup Plot
Where Small Powers Travel? Understanding Jordan’s High-Level Diplomatic Visit Patterns
Where do leaders of smaller powers travel abroad? By examining high-level leader visits of a small power, we gain an understanding of the determinants of their foreign policy orientations. Existing literature on this topic is primarily qualitative. This study focuses on Jordan, using a comprehensive dataset of high-level visits from 1989 to 2023 to test and revise assumptions about small power foreign policy. We find that Jordan’s foreign policy …
Drivers of Iran's Africa Engagement
The nuanced dynamics of Iran's engagement with Africa have captivated the attention of a broad spectrum of analysts and academicians. Endeavoring to elucidate the underpinnings of Tehran's involvement on the continent, these scholars have posited a variety of determinants, yet the empirical validation of these factors remains largely unexplored. Leveraging a comprehensive dataset of Iran's high-level diplomatic visits to African nations, this stu…
The Ruling Group Survival
Why do some smaller states signal to move away from the US-led liberal order? We look at the ruling group survival in smaller allies to answer this pressing puzzle. Despite accepting the merit of systemic explanations, we simply argue that the ruling groups in smaller states engage with revisionist powers in the international system to sustain and enhance their privileged positions in the domestic policy setting. Hungary, a NATO member, and Pakis…
Do Gladiators Fight for Their Masters? Voting Behavior of the US-Promoted United Nations Security Council Members in the Early Cold War
The United States took an active role in promoting some countries for a United Nations Security Council seat as part of its struggle with the Soviet Union during the early Cold War. Did these US-backed countries act in the interests of their promoter when they voted in the Council? Were these efforts of the United States advantageous? By studying the voting behavior of the US-backed countries between 1946 and 1965, this article answers the questi…
Understanding the July 2016 Military Coup
This study explores the link between religious identity and conflict in contemporary Turkey by examining the dramatic reversals in the relations between the country's two prominent Islamic social forces, the ruling party AKP and the Gülen Organization. It shows how a particular trajectory of power and identity between the two religious forces transformed into a brutal security competition in the Turkish society and polity. It puts the analytical …
War Decision and Neoclassical Realism
Why did the fracturing Ottoman Empire enter the Great War? Why did the Ottomans drag their feet for a period of three months although the alliance treaty stipulated that the Ottomans should enter the war against Russia if the latter fought with Germany? This article sets forth a neoclassical realist analysis of the war decision by the members of Ottoman foreign policy executive as the outcome of dynamic interactions between the systemic stimuli/s…
High-Level Leader Visits
Once deemed a “nearly impossible” area of study, high-level leader visits—one of the most visible and consequential practices in global politics—have recently attracted renewed scholarly attention. This resurgence stems from the growing recognition of leader visits as a valuable lens for addressing foundational questions in international relations, including why states act as they do, the consequences of their actions, and how their behavior shap…
Giving a hand to autocrats
The existing literature largely agrees that Russia and China actively bolster and protect authoritarian regimes as alternatives to liberal democracies. While empirical research predominantly focuses on economic and military aid as primary mechanisms, emerging studies on 'leader visits' reveal that great powers send visible, immediate, and robust signals of support to their protégés, especially against domestic and regional threats. Given that fac…
The Ottoman International System
This article posits that the Ottoman international system was built on three pillars: power projection, interconnectedness, and autonomy of frontier polities. While its military power projection dwarfed its great power rivals, cultural and organizational capacities of the Ottoman Empire extended its influence to areas out of its military reach. Occupying a central position in trade, pilgrimage, and diplomacy during the early modern period, the Ot…
Enjoy Your New Region! The US Strategy of Shifting Turkey's Caucus in the UN Security Council in 1953
Where does Turkey geographically belong, the Middle East or Eastern Europe? This was a looming puzzle for the architects of the Cold War to solve in the early 1950s. This was so because Turkey’s region would dramatically affect the composition of members in the UN Security Council. Although Turkey was elected to the Council from the Middle East region in 1950, it moved its region to Eastern Europe in 1953 to compete with Poland for the Council se…
Muslim Solidarity in the UN General Assembly
In international politics, governments may tend to favor countries with which they share some degree of cultural affinity. Moreover, international organizations can strengthen solidarity among their members. Not surprisingly, Muslim countries, which came together under the umbrella of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation ( OIC ), frequently state that they pursue Muslim solidarity in international politics. By looking at voting preferences of …
Bringing the Ottoman Order Back into International Relations
Long neglected in international relations (IRs), the Ottoman Empire is now getting the attention it deserves. Leaving its “Westphalian straitjacket” behind, the discipline has finally taken a keen interest in non-Western and historical cases. However, the discipline has long focused disproportionately on the Chinese tributary system and produced a large body of literature about it. Spruyt's The World Imagined presents two crucial innovations. The…
The Mobilization of Political Islam in Turkey
The Mobilization of Political Islam in Turkey is part of a growing literature on political Islam in Turkey after the 2002 election victory of the Justice and Development Party (the JDP) followed by the increase of its support in the 2007 and 2011 parliamentary elections. Therefore, the book is a worthy contribution to the growing literature on political Islam in Turkey and social mobilisation theories. Banu Eligur uses ‘social movement theory’ to…
Turkey’s Role in the Alliance of Civilizations
Since its foundation, Turkey’s foreign policymakers have declined to undertake any pioneering roles in global initiatives, such as assuming the position of the spokesperson of the Islamic world, on international platforms. Given this, the Alliance of Civilizations initiative presents not only a challenge to the traditional parameters of Turkish foreign policy but also a new perspective for Turkish foreign policy. This essay examines the roots of …
Foreign Policy as Politicking in the Sarıkız Coup Plot
The Mobilization of Political Islam in Turkey
The Mobilization of Political Islam in Turkey is part of a growing literature on political Islam in Turkey after the 2002 election victory of the Justice and Development Party (the JDP) followed by the increase of its support in the 2007 and 2011 parliamentary elections. Therefore, the book is a worthy contribution to the growing literature on political Islam in Turkey and social mobilisation theories. Banu Eligur uses ‘social movement theory’ to…
The Kurdish movement’s EU policy in Turkey
This study aims to address a historical paradox: how can we understand the Kurdish movement’s EU policy in the two decades subsequent to the end of the Cold War? I argue that the Kurdish movement has pursued two different approaches towards the EU (or Turkey’s EU membership bid) in the last two decades. While the Kurdish movement adopted a pro-EU stance from the beginning of the 1990s until 2005, it situated itself in an in-between position towar…
Inter-societal security trilemma in Turkey
This article examines the inter-societal security trilemma among political Islamists, Kurdish actors, and the state in Turkey with a special reference to the failures in the Kurdish Opening that was initiated in 2009. While the Kurdish question is undoubtedly a long-standing multi-state and multi-causal ethno-political phenomenon, this study is primarily concerned with the identity–security-politics nexus. It addresses the question of how the pol…
Writing the world into counter-hegemony
This article is an attempt to develop a theoretical framework about how to study dissident ethnic movements' foreign policies. Is it possible to speak about foreign policies of ethnic dissident movements, especially when it is considered that they have no characteristics of modern sovereignty such as territory and recognition? For example, do the Berbers in Morocco, the Catalans in Spain, the Balochs in Iran, and the Kurds in Turkey have a foreig…
War Decision and Neoclassical Realism
Why did the fracturing Ottoman Empire enter the Great War? Why did the Ottomans drag their feet for a period of three months although the alliance treaty stipulated that the Ottomans should enter the war against Russia if the latter fought with Germany? This article sets forth a neoclassical realist analysis of the war decision by the members of Ottoman foreign policy executive as the outcome of dynamic interactions between the systemic stimuli/s…
A Three-level Analysis of Turkey’s Crisis with the U.S.-led Order
Turkey in the discourse of European far right
This paper primarily aims to illustrate the role of discourse on Turkey and its EU membership process in European far right’s bid for power. By challenging core values of the EU through anti-Turkey discourse, the far right does not only shake the founding pillars of the EU such as pluralism and democracy, but it also stakes out a space for counter-hegemonic language. In order to test this argument, the paper looks at the discourse of three far ri…
Understanding the July 2016 Military Coup
This study explores the link between religious identity and conflict in contemporary Turkey by examining the dramatic reversals in the relations between the country's two prominent Islamic social forces, the ruling party AKP and the Gülen Organization. It shows how a particular trajectory of power and identity between the two religious forces transformed into a brutal security competition in the Turkish society and polity. It puts the analytical …
Teachers’ Workplace Aggression Behaviors and Their Relationship with Organizational Justice
In this study, it was aimed to examine teachers’ workplace aggression behaviors and organizational justice perceptions and test the predictive effect of organizational justice on workplace aggression. Designed with causal comparative and correlational methods, the study had a sampling of 408 teachers, working in Kayseri and selected according to proportional stratified random sampling technique. Teachers’ Workplace Aggression Scale developed by t…
Algeria in declining ottoman hierarchy
The shattering Ottoman order in the early nineteenth century offers an intriguing puzzle about the behaviors of subordinates within declining hierarchical orders. While Greece, Egypt, and many other provinces challenged the Porte, Algiers preferred to remain within the Ottoman order. The puzzle turns into a riddle when considering that Algeria was bounded to the center in a loose way and uprising against the Porte was less risky and less costly. …
Turkey in the UN Security Council during the Cold War
Turkey served for five years in the UN Security Council during the early Cold War period. Throughout its service, first in 1951–1952, then in 1954–1955, finally in 1961, Turkey joined 201 voting sessions, and gave many statements on matters before the Security Council. The three electoral campaigns of Turkey for the temporary seat in the Council, and its voting and statement performance during a 5-year service are very informative not only about …
Turkey’s Candidature to the UN Security Council Seat in 1948
Following the Second World War, Turkey vigorously pursued a policy of effective participation in international institutions. As part of this policy, Turkish diplomats campaigned for a non-permanent seat in the UN Security Council in the year 1948. This article aims to provide descriptive information about this campaign and explain why Turkey lost the election in the UN General Assembly for the seat reserved for the Near East region. In doing so, …
Bringing the Ottoman Order Back into International Relations
Long neglected in international relations (IRs), the Ottoman Empire is now getting the attention it deserves. Leaving its “Westphalian straitjacket” behind, the discipline has finally taken a keen interest in non-Western and historical cases. However, the discipline has long focused disproportionately on the Chinese tributary system and produced a large body of literature about it. Spruyt's The World Imagined presents two crucial innovations. The…
When leadership traits meet historic success
This study aims to show how dispositional characters of political leaders are affected by situational developments during the time-in-office. Although newly emerging literature of leadership traits demonstrate that significant events alter leaders' traits, they mainly focus on the measurement of shocking events on dispositional features, leaving the effect of achievements underexplored. The Iranian nuclear deal of 2015 is one of the most signific…
Controlling International Institutions
How did the US shape the composition of the UN Security Council during the early Cold War period? By focusing on the election of non‐permanent members to Council seats, this paper investigates what role the US played in the nomination and election of candidate countries. In doing so, the study relies heavily on US diplomatic archives since those archival materials are rich in terms of voting preferences of UN members, negotiations between the US …
The Ruling Group Survival
Why do some smaller states signal to move away from the US-led liberal order? We look at the ruling group survival in smaller allies to answer this pressing puzzle. Despite accepting the merit of systemic explanations, we simply argue that the ruling groups in smaller states engage with revisionist powers in the international system to sustain and enhance their privileged positions in the domestic policy setting. Hungary, a NATO member, and Pakis…
Muslim Solidarity in the UN General Assembly
In international politics, governments may tend to favor countries with which they share some degree of cultural affinity. Moreover, international organizations can strengthen solidarity among their members. Not surprisingly, Muslim countries, which came together under the umbrella of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation ( OIC ), frequently state that they pursue Muslim solidarity in international politics. By looking at voting preferences of …
Do Gladiators Fight for Their Masters? Voting Behavior of the US-Promoted United Nations Security Council Members in the Early Cold War
The United States took an active role in promoting some countries for a United Nations Security Council seat as part of its struggle with the Soviet Union during the early Cold War. Did these US-backed countries act in the interests of their promoter when they voted in the Council? Were these efforts of the United States advantageous? By studying the voting behavior of the US-backed countries between 1946 and 1965, this article answers the questi…
When Doves Feed Hawks
When does the war party win in the decision-making process? Why does the peace party lose even if war is too risky? In this article, we show that certain balancing acts of the peace party might increase the confidence of the war party. We examine how the Ottoman Empire’s risky Crimean War decision and its war declaration against Russia on 4 October 1853 were shaped by internal debating through time, foreign penetration, and dynamic interplay betw…
The Ottoman International System
This article posits that the Ottoman international system was built on three pillars: power projection, interconnectedness, and autonomy of frontier polities. While its military power projection dwarfed its great power rivals, cultural and organizational capacities of the Ottoman Empire extended its influence to areas out of its military reach. Occupying a central position in trade, pilgrimage, and diplomacy during the early modern period, the Ot…
Love, Money, or Fame? Determinants of Turkey’s Leader Visits
High-level leader visits serve as credible signals in international relations, as they not only reveal the priorities of states in foreign relations but also convey messages to third parties. Observations of Turkey’s elevated diplomatic encounters with Iran, China, and Russia suggest a potential deviation from the West, while visits to Middle Eastern capitals are interpreted as evidence of Turkey’s Islamization. Beyond these individual cases, is …
Enjoy Your New Region! The US Strategy of Shifting Turkey's Caucus in the UN Security Council in 1953
Where does Turkey geographically belong, the Middle East or Eastern Europe? This was a looming puzzle for the architects of the Cold War to solve in the early 1950s. This was so because Turkey’s region would dramatically affect the composition of members in the UN Security Council. Although Turkey was elected to the Council from the Middle East region in 1950, it moved its region to Eastern Europe in 1953 to compete with Poland for the Council se…
Mi̇hai̇l Romm’un Tri̇nadtsat Fi̇lmi̇nde “Basmacilar”
1917 Ekim Devrimi, sömürgecilik çerçevesinde şekillenen Çarlık Rusya’sının mirası olan Orta Asya algısına ve söylemi üzerinde derin bir etki yaratmıştır. Rus imparatorluk oryantalizmini devralan Sovyetler, etnik ve bölgesel kimlikleri ortadan kaldırma amacıyla yeni ürettiği söylemler ile kendi Doğu’sunu yönetme ve hükmetme çabası içerisine girmiştir. Rasyonel, seküler ve devrimci Sovyet düşüncesinin karşısında konumlandırılan egzotik, bâtıl ve ka…
Political science (31 works) · Law (21 works) · Politics (21 works) · Sociology (18 works) · Political economy (16 works) · Law (15 works) · Economics (13 works) · Turkey's Politics and Society (13 works) · Political Conflict and Governance (11 works) · History (9 works)