Marcel Bra
Biographic Data
| ID | 3885634 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Marcel Bra |
| GIVEN NAMES | Marcel |
| FAMILY NAME | Bra |
| SIGNATURE | BRA M |
| AFFILIATIONS | Ghent University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-3364-4019 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 38 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 3 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 38 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1999 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 1 |
No effect of online cyberball social exclusion on interval estimation of action-outcome events
The interference effect of direct eye gaze in the Stroop paradigm
Direct eye gaze is a salient social stimulus that may hinder concurrent task performance, even when presented with another prominent distracter, such as the incongruent word in the Stroop paradigm. Previous studies (Chevallier et al., 2013;Conty et al., 2010) reported a stronger Stroop effect when direct gaze (vs. closed eyes) was shown above the letter strings, though not all studies found this effect. We had two main goals. The first was to rep…
Moderate manipulation to somatosensory feedback does not affect Libet-style intentional action
The existence of free will has been called into question by Benjamin Libet’s seminal experiment, who argued that our conscious decision is preceded by an unconscious decision reflected in the readiness potential (RP). Alternatively, it has been argue that the RP rather reflects a decision process in which different signals accumulate until they reach the intention threshold, at which point an agent experience their intention simultaneously. This …
Temporal binding during deliberate rule breaking
Rules are deeply ingrained in our cognitive architecture. • Deliberately breaking a rule modulates early and late delays during a temporal binding task. • Early delays are due to cognitive conflict, later delays to effort. • No evidence was found to suggest a relationship between rule breaking and explicit judgments of control. Rules are deeply ingrained in our cognition. The current study investigates the influence of rule breaking on explicit s…
Don't judge a book by its cover
Covert and overt automatic imitation are correlated
Anticipated imitation of multiple agents
It is well-established that people tend to mimic one another's actions, a crucial aspect of social interactions. Anticipating imitation has been shown to boost motor activation and reaction times for congruent actions. However, prior research predominantly focused on dyads, leaving gaps in our knowledge regarding group dynamics. This study addresses this gap, conducting three experiments using extensive online data. Participants engaged in antici…
Dynamic changes in task preparation in a multi-task environment
Internal attention modulates the functional state of novel stimulus-response associations in working memory
Information in working memory (WM) is crucial for guiding behavior. However, not all WM representations are equally relevant simultaneously. Current theoretical frameworks propose a functional dissociation between 'latent' and 'active' states, in which relevant representations are prioritized into an optimal (active) state to face current demands, while relevant information that is not immediately needed is maintained in a dormant (latent) state.…
Using a Veto paradigm to investigate the decision models in explaining Libet-style experiments
The question of whether free will exists or not has intrigued philosophers for centuries. About 40 years ago, cognitive neuroscientists such as Benjamin Libet have joined the discussion by demonstrating that an ERP component, the readiness potential (RP), precedes the reported time of decision to act by a few hundred milliseconds. Libet et al. (1983) argued that our brains unconsciously prepare the movement before we experience any conscious inte…
Imitative inhibitory control is associated with psychotic experiences in a sample from the general population
Psychotic experiences (PE) are prevalent and associated with several negative mental health outcomes in both clinical and general population, particularly in young people. A promising avenue to understand the mechanisms underlying PE is to investigate functions that may be related to specific neural systems. One of these key cognitive mechanisms is the ability to control our imitative responses, which is strongly linked to an adequate social func…
Does belief in free will influence biological motion perception
Manipulating free will beliefs using online video games
Research in social psychology and experimental philosophy has investigated lay people’s free will beliefs (FWB). Using different approaches (i.e. experimental manipulations and vignette studies), they investigated how FWB relate to other concepts, and whether changing FWB has an impact on downstream processes such as social behavior. However, both approaches have shortcomings. While experimental manipulations used in social psychology suffer from…
The impact of free will beliefs on implicit learning
Does anxiety induced by social interaction influence the perception of bistable biological motion
When observing point light walkers orthographically projected onto a frontoparallel plane, the direction in which they are walking is ambiguous. Nevertheless, observers more often perceive them as facing towards than as facing away from them. This phenomenon is known as the "facing-the-viewer bias" (FTV). Two interpretations of the facing-the-viewer bias exist in the literature: a top-down and a bottom-up interpretation. Support for the top-down …
Professional Judges’ Disbelief in Free Will Does Not Decrease Punishment
There is a debate in psychology and philosophy on the societal consequences of casting doubts about individuals’ belief in free will. Research suggests that experimentally reducing free will beliefs might affect how individuals evaluate others’ behavior. Past research has demonstrated that reduced free will beliefs decrease laypersons’ tendency toward retributive punishment. This finding has been used as an argument for the idea that promoting an…
A comparison of self-bias measures across cognitive domains
In contrast with the view of a 'unidimensional' self-bias, our findings provide evidence for a heterogeneous and multifaceted self consisting of a variety of related and unrelated aspects. None of the self-bias indices were found to relate to autistic traits in our neurotypical sample
The effects of declaratively maintaining and proactively proceduralizing novel stimulus-response mappings
Attentional prioritization reconfigures novel instructions into action-oriented task sets
Investigating the effect of trustworthiness on instruction-based reflexivity
Depression, trauma and mentalizing
BACKGROUND: Depressive symptoms are associated with impaired social functioning, arguably because of reduced mentalizing abilities. However, findings in persons with depressive symptoms and/or major depressive disorder (MDD) are presently mixed, finding evidence both for and against the hypothesis of reduced mentalizing abilities. AIMS: This study investigated spontaneous cognitive mentalizing in 36 age-, sex- and education-matched students with …
Free won’t” after a beer or two
These findings suggest that both past-year increases in risky alcohol consumption and moderate acute alcohol use have limited effects on stimulus-driven inhibition and intentional inhibition. These conclusions cannot be generalized to alcohol use disorder and high intoxication levels. The RP might reflect processes involved in the formation of an intention in general
The impact of eye contact on the sense of agency
The hand of God or the hand of Maradona? Believing in free will increases perceived intentionality of others’ behavior
The question of whether free will actually exists has been debated in philosophy for centuries. However, how belief in free will shapes the perception of our social environment still remains open. Here we investigate whether belief in free will affects how much intentionality we attribute to other people. Study 1a and 1b demonstrate a weak positive relation between the strength of belief in free will and the perceived intentionality of soccer pla…
Reaction time indices of automatic imitation measure imitative response tendencies
Automatic imitation
0.95, 95% CI [0.88, 1.02]. Moderator analyses identified automatic imitation as a flexible, largely automatic process that is driven by movement and effector compatibility, but is also influenced by spatial compatibility. Automatic imitation was found to be stronger for forced choice tasks than for simple response tasks, for human agents than for nonhuman agents, and for goalless actions than for goal-directed actions. However, it was not modulat…
Cortical Mechanisms of Human Imitation
How does imitation occur? How can the motor plans necessary for imitating an action derive from the observation of that action? Imitation may be based on a mechanism directly matching the observed action onto an internal motor representation of that action (“direct matching hypothesis”). To test this hypothesis, normal human participants were asked to observe and imitate a finger movement and to perform the same movement after spatial or symbolic…
Compatibility between Observed and Executed Finger Movements
Unconscious determinants of free decisions in the human brain
Retrospective construction of the judgement of free choice
The problem of free will lies at the heart of modern scientific studies of consciousness. Some authors propose that actions are unconsciously initiated and awareness of intention is referred retrospectively to the action after it has been performed [e.g. Aarts, H., Custers, R., & Wegner, D. M. (2005). On the inference of personal authorship: Enhancing experienced agency by priming effect information. Consciousness & Cognition, 14, 439-458]. This …
Minimizing motor mimicry by myself
Reducing self-control by weakening belief in free will
Brain correlates of subjective freedom of choice
The subjective feeling of free choice is an important feature of human experience. Experimental tasks have typically studied free choice by contrasting free and instructed selection of response alternatives. These tasks have been criticised, and it remains unclear how they relate to the subjective feeling of freely choosing. We replicated previous findings of the fMRI correlates of free choice, defined objectively. We introduced a novel task in w…
Put your plan into action
While action plans and intentions have been considered to be important factors contributing to the personal sense of causation known as agency, the present research is the first to empirically investigate how action plans influence agency. Participants in multiple studies were required to plan or not to plan ahead their actions. Results consistently show that on trials in which participants were required to plan their actions, participants experi…
Fake feedback on pain tolerance impacts proactive versus reactive control strategies
The action congruency effect on the feelings of agency
Temporal binding effect in the action observation domain
Pupillary contagion is independent of the emotional expression of the face
The concept of pupillary contagion refers to the automatic imitation of observed pupil size and reflects shared autonomic arousal. Previous studies have linked the experience of sadness to changes in pupil size. Accordingly, in a 2006 Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience article, Harrison, Singer, Rotshtein, Dolan, and Critchley found evidence for pupillary contagion when the observed face expressed sadness but not when it showed a neutral…
Automatic imitation
0.95, 95% CI [0.88, 1.02]. Moderator analyses identified automatic imitation as a flexible, largely automatic process that is driven by movement and effector compatibility, but is also influenced by spatial compatibility. Automatic imitation was found to be stronger for forced choice tasks than for simple response tasks, for human agents than for nonhuman agents, and for goalless actions than for goal-directed actions. However, it was not modulat…
The impact of eye contact on the sense of agency
The hand of God or the hand of Maradona? Believing in free will increases perceived intentionality of others’ behavior
The question of whether free will actually exists has been debated in philosophy for centuries. However, how belief in free will shapes the perception of our social environment still remains open. Here we investigate whether belief in free will affects how much intentionality we attribute to other people. Study 1a and 1b demonstrate a weak positive relation between the strength of belief in free will and the perceived intentionality of soccer pla…
Reaction time indices of automatic imitation measure imitative response tendencies
The effects of declaratively maintaining and proactively proceduralizing novel stimulus-response mappings
Attentional prioritization reconfigures novel instructions into action-oriented task sets
Investigating the effect of trustworthiness on instruction-based reflexivity
Depression, trauma and mentalizing
BACKGROUND: Depressive symptoms are associated with impaired social functioning, arguably because of reduced mentalizing abilities. However, findings in persons with depressive symptoms and/or major depressive disorder (MDD) are presently mixed, finding evidence both for and against the hypothesis of reduced mentalizing abilities. AIMS: This study investigated spontaneous cognitive mentalizing in 36 age-, sex- and education-matched students with …
Free won’t” after a beer or two
These findings suggest that both past-year increases in risky alcohol consumption and moderate acute alcohol use have limited effects on stimulus-driven inhibition and intentional inhibition. These conclusions cannot be generalized to alcohol use disorder and high intoxication levels. The RP might reflect processes involved in the formation of an intention in general
Does anxiety induced by social interaction influence the perception of bistable biological motion
When observing point light walkers orthographically projected onto a frontoparallel plane, the direction in which they are walking is ambiguous. Nevertheless, observers more often perceive them as facing towards than as facing away from them. This phenomenon is known as the "facing-the-viewer bias" (FTV). Two interpretations of the facing-the-viewer bias exist in the literature: a top-down and a bottom-up interpretation. Support for the top-down …
Professional Judges’ Disbelief in Free Will Does Not Decrease Punishment
There is a debate in psychology and philosophy on the societal consequences of casting doubts about individuals’ belief in free will. Research suggests that experimentally reducing free will beliefs might affect how individuals evaluate others’ behavior. Past research has demonstrated that reduced free will beliefs decrease laypersons’ tendency toward retributive punishment. This finding has been used as an argument for the idea that promoting an…
A comparison of self-bias measures across cognitive domains
In contrast with the view of a 'unidimensional' self-bias, our findings provide evidence for a heterogeneous and multifaceted self consisting of a variety of related and unrelated aspects. None of the self-bias indices were found to relate to autistic traits in our neurotypical sample
Does belief in free will influence biological motion perception
Psychology (34 works) · Cognitive psychology (27 works) · Social Psychology (22 works) · Neuroscience (17 works) · Cognition (15 works) · Computer Science (14 works) · Free Will and Agency (14 works) · Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies (14 works) · Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment (14 works) · Action Observation and Synchronization (10 works)