Kimberley A Clow
Biographic Data
| ID | 3889212 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Kimberley A Clow |
| GIVEN NAMES | Kimberley A |
| FAMILY NAME | Clow |
| SIGNATURE | CLOW K A |
| AFFILIATIONS | Ontario Tech University |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-4306-8956 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 20 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 100 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 20 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2005 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 3 |
On Second Thought
Despite growing public knowledge of false confession cases, research with students and community members continues to find that people assume confessions indicate guilt. The present research explored the implications of belief perseverance: the tendency to maintain a belief even when confronted with compelling contradictory evidence. Across two studies (vignettes in Study 1; video interrogation footage in Study 2), students' pre‐existing beliefs …
Adverse inferences
OBJECTIVES: We conducted three studies that examined how preinterrogation rights decisions could impact lay people's perceptions of suspects. HYPOTHESES: Grounded in the literature on attribution errors and biases, we proposed that suspects who remained silent would be viewed and treated more negatively, generally, and especially when formal invocations were offered, compared to suspects who waived their rights. METHOD: Participants in Studies 1 …
Are they synonyms? A review of the use of the terms innocence, miscarriages of justice, wrongful conviction, and exoneration
The stigma of wrongful conviction differs for White and Black exonerees
OBJECTIVE: Black people are disproportionately targeted and disadvantaged in the criminal legal system. We tested whether Black exonerees are similarly disadvantaged by the stigma of wrongful conviction. HYPOTHESES: In Experiment 1, we predicted that the stigma of wrongful conviction would be greater for Black than White exonerees. After finding the opposite pattern, we conducted two experiments to investigate the psychological underpinnings of t…
Former Canadian Federal Prisoners’ views of wrongful conviction
Men in Nursing
Driven by overwhelming numerical dominance of women in the role of nurses, nursing profession over the last two centuries has been largely scripted with gendered characterizations. However, nuances that shape the language and wording choices that are evoked when describing the stereotypes targeting male nurses remain relatively unexplored. Our current research examined the way 117 female non-nursing and nursing students in Canada characterized ma…
Do exonerees face housing discrimination? An email-based field experiment and content analysis
The effects of race and criminal history on landlords’ (un)willingness to rent to exonerees
OBJECTIVE: When wrongfully convicted individuals are released from prison, at first glance, it is a triumph; however, anecdotal evidence from exonerees suggests that obtaining housing postrelease is often challenging. We empirically examined whether race (Study 1) or type of criminal offense (Study 2) influenced landlords' willingness to rent to exonerees compared to releasees (i.e., rightfully convicted individuals released from prison) and cont…
After Exoneration
Guided by Weiner’s (1993, Am Psychol 48:957-964) attribution theory of social motivation, we examined perceptions of exonerees. Specifically, we examined whether biased police procedures impacted perceptions of responsibility, emotional reactions, and willingness to assist exonerees. Participants read a vignette involving an exoneration due to either a false confession or an eyewitness misidentification with police practices (biased vs. unbiased)…
Public Perceptions of the Stigmatization of Wrongly Convicted Individuals
Many exonerees report stigmatizing experiences and difficulties securing gainful employment post-incarceration. Although researchers have begun to investigate public perceptions of wrongful conviction, there remains a dearth of knowledge about public perceptions of exonerees. To provide insight into how the public perceives exonerees, face-to-face interviews were conducted with members (n=30) of a suburban city in South Central Ontario. Data anal…
Are You Man Enough to be a Nurse? The Impact of Ambivalent Sexism and Role Congruity on Perceptions of Men and Women in Nursing Advertisements
The Portrayal of Elements Historically Associated with Masculine and Feminine Domains in Lad and Metrosexual Men’s Lifestyle Magazines
Differing presentations of masculinity exist that appear to differentially embody elements historically associated with masculine and feminine domains. Metrosexuality, for instance, has been associated with more feminine characteristics and lifestyle choices (Simpson, 1994a) while laddist masculinity was presumed to be more traditionally masculine given its focus on bachelorhood and hedonistic consumption. The present research investigated repres…
Perceptions of Defendant Culpability in Pretrial Publicity
The Impact of an Exonoree’s Guest Lecture on Students’ Attitudes toward Wrongly Convicted Persons
Although research has addressed factors underlying wrongful conviction, relatively little research investigates how people who have been wrongly convicted are perceived by others. In particular, we examined the impact of an exonoree speaking about his experiences on attitudes and perceptions of wrongful conviction. To contribute to this understudied area, we surveyed two groups of students before and after hearing a guest lecture—either a guest l…
Women and Men in Conflicting Social Roles
Despite legislation for gender equality in many nations, gender discrimination continues to be a problem. Psychological research from social role theory, the stereotype content model, and ambivalent sexism provide insights into the motivations behind gender inequality. This article reviews key research findings from these theoretical perspectives in the realm of gendered occupational inequalities and segregation. The emphasis of the article is on…
Investigating Hegemonic Masculinity
Causes of Wrongful Conviction
The current study investigates the impact of a criminal justice education on student knowledge about wrongful conviction. Past research has found fallibility of hard evidence (e.g., eyewitness misidentification), police and lawyer behaviors (e.g., tunnel vision), and social group discrimination to be underlying causes of wrongful conviction. We developed a survey to investigate student knowledge of these underlying causes, comparing participants …
Men, appearance, and cosmetic surgery
Recent research has suggested that perceptions of the body are important to men's sense of confidence and that men see the body as a vehicle for personal improvement. To build on this research, an online survey investigated Canadian men's perspectives on their appearance and their attitudes toward cosmetic surgery. Low self-esteem, lack of confidence, and comfort with one's body uniquely predicted different aspects of men's experiences, including…
Psychopathic Traits in Nursing and Criminal Justice Majors
Prior findings suggest presence of psychopathic personality traits may be prevalent outside of the criminal sphere, such as in the business world. It is possible that particular work environments are attractive to individuals with higher psychopathic personality traits. To test this hypothesis, the current study investigated whether psychopathic personality scores could predict students' choices between two university majors, criminal justice or …
The Development of Group Stereotypes from Descriptions of Group Members
This research examined the effects of Personal Need for Structure, Need for Closure, and Personal Fear of Invalidity on information processing during the development of stereotypes. In Study 1, participants read as many group member descriptions as they wanted before expressing group stereotypes. Participants higher in Personal Fear of Invalidity sought more information; they also developed more detailed stereotypes when they received more inform…
Investigating Hegemonic Masculinity
Are You Man Enough to be a Nurse? The Impact of Ambivalent Sexism and Role Congruity on Perceptions of Men and Women in Nursing Advertisements
The Development of Group Stereotypes from Descriptions of Group Members
This research examined the effects of Personal Need for Structure, Need for Closure, and Personal Fear of Invalidity on information processing during the development of stereotypes. In Study 1, participants read as many group member descriptions as they wanted before expressing group stereotypes. Participants higher in Personal Fear of Invalidity sought more information; they also developed more detailed stereotypes when they received more inform…
Men, appearance, and cosmetic surgery
Recent research has suggested that perceptions of the body are important to men's sense of confidence and that men see the body as a vehicle for personal improvement. To build on this research, an online survey investigated Canadian men's perspectives on their appearance and their attitudes toward cosmetic surgery. Low self-esteem, lack of confidence, and comfort with one's body uniquely predicted different aspects of men's experiences, including…
Women and Men in Conflicting Social Roles
Despite legislation for gender equality in many nations, gender discrimination continues to be a problem. Psychological research from social role theory, the stereotype content model, and ambivalent sexism provide insights into the motivations behind gender inequality. This article reviews key research findings from these theoretical perspectives in the realm of gendered occupational inequalities and segregation. The emphasis of the article is on…
Men in Nursing
Driven by overwhelming numerical dominance of women in the role of nurses, nursing profession over the last two centuries has been largely scripted with gendered characterizations. However, nuances that shape the language and wording choices that are evoked when describing the stereotypes targeting male nurses remain relatively unexplored. Our current research examined the way 117 female non-nursing and nursing students in Canada characterized ma…
Do exonerees face housing discrimination? An email-based field experiment and content analysis
After Exoneration
Guided by Weiner’s (1993, Am Psychol 48:957-964) attribution theory of social motivation, we examined perceptions of exonerees. Specifically, we examined whether biased police procedures impacted perceptions of responsibility, emotional reactions, and willingness to assist exonerees. Participants read a vignette involving an exoneration due to either a false confession or an eyewitness misidentification with police practices (biased vs. unbiased)…
Perceptions of Defendant Culpability in Pretrial Publicity
The Development of Group Stereotypes from Descriptions of Group Members
This research examined the effects of Personal Need for Structure, Need for Closure, and Personal Fear of Invalidity on information processing during the development of stereotypes. In Study 1, participants read as many group member descriptions as they wanted before expressing group stereotypes. Participants higher in Personal Fear of Invalidity sought more information; they also developed more detailed stereotypes when they received more inform…
Psychopathic Traits in Nursing and Criminal Justice Majors
Prior findings suggest presence of psychopathic personality traits may be prevalent outside of the criminal sphere, such as in the business world. It is possible that particular work environments are attractive to individuals with higher psychopathic personality traits. To test this hypothesis, the current study investigated whether psychopathic personality scores could predict students' choices between two university majors, criminal justice or …
Causes of Wrongful Conviction
The current study investigates the impact of a criminal justice education on student knowledge about wrongful conviction. Past research has found fallibility of hard evidence (e.g., eyewitness misidentification), police and lawyer behaviors (e.g., tunnel vision), and social group discrimination to be underlying causes of wrongful conviction. We developed a survey to investigate student knowledge of these underlying causes, comparing participants …
Men, appearance, and cosmetic surgery
Recent research has suggested that perceptions of the body are important to men's sense of confidence and that men see the body as a vehicle for personal improvement. To build on this research, an online survey investigated Canadian men's perspectives on their appearance and their attitudes toward cosmetic surgery. Low self-esteem, lack of confidence, and comfort with one's body uniquely predicted different aspects of men's experiences, including…
Investigating Hegemonic Masculinity
The Impact of an Exonoree’s Guest Lecture on Students’ Attitudes toward Wrongly Convicted Persons
Although research has addressed factors underlying wrongful conviction, relatively little research investigates how people who have been wrongly convicted are perceived by others. In particular, we examined the impact of an exonoree speaking about his experiences on attitudes and perceptions of wrongful conviction. To contribute to this understudied area, we surveyed two groups of students before and after hearing a guest lecture—either a guest l…
Women and Men in Conflicting Social Roles
Despite legislation for gender equality in many nations, gender discrimination continues to be a problem. Psychological research from social role theory, the stereotype content model, and ambivalent sexism provide insights into the motivations behind gender inequality. This article reviews key research findings from these theoretical perspectives in the realm of gendered occupational inequalities and segregation. The emphasis of the article is on…
The Portrayal of Elements Historically Associated with Masculine and Feminine Domains in Lad and Metrosexual Men’s Lifestyle Magazines
Differing presentations of masculinity exist that appear to differentially embody elements historically associated with masculine and feminine domains. Metrosexuality, for instance, has been associated with more feminine characteristics and lifestyle choices (Simpson, 1994a) while laddist masculinity was presumed to be more traditionally masculine given its focus on bachelorhood and hedonistic consumption. The present research investigated repres…
Perceptions of Defendant Culpability in Pretrial Publicity
Are You Man Enough to be a Nurse? The Impact of Ambivalent Sexism and Role Congruity on Perceptions of Men and Women in Nursing Advertisements
Public Perceptions of the Stigmatization of Wrongly Convicted Individuals
Many exonerees report stigmatizing experiences and difficulties securing gainful employment post-incarceration. Although researchers have begun to investigate public perceptions of wrongful conviction, there remains a dearth of knowledge about public perceptions of exonerees. To provide insight into how the public perceives exonerees, face-to-face interviews were conducted with members (n=30) of a suburban city in South Central Ontario. Data anal…
After Exoneration
Guided by Weiner’s (1993, Am Psychol 48:957-964) attribution theory of social motivation, we examined perceptions of exonerees. Specifically, we examined whether biased police procedures impacted perceptions of responsibility, emotional reactions, and willingness to assist exonerees. Participants read a vignette involving an exoneration due to either a false confession or an eyewitness misidentification with police practices (biased vs. unbiased)…
The effects of race and criminal history on landlords’ (un)willingness to rent to exonerees
OBJECTIVE: When wrongfully convicted individuals are released from prison, at first glance, it is a triumph; however, anecdotal evidence from exonerees suggests that obtaining housing postrelease is often challenging. We empirically examined whether race (Study 1) or type of criminal offense (Study 2) influenced landlords' willingness to rent to exonerees compared to releasees (i.e., rightfully convicted individuals released from prison) and cont…
Do exonerees face housing discrimination? An email-based field experiment and content analysis
Former Canadian Federal Prisoners’ views of wrongful conviction
Men in Nursing
Driven by overwhelming numerical dominance of women in the role of nurses, nursing profession over the last two centuries has been largely scripted with gendered characterizations. However, nuances that shape the language and wording choices that are evoked when describing the stereotypes targeting male nurses remain relatively unexplored. Our current research examined the way 117 female non-nursing and nursing students in Canada characterized ma…
The stigma of wrongful conviction differs for White and Black exonerees
OBJECTIVE: Black people are disproportionately targeted and disadvantaged in the criminal legal system. We tested whether Black exonerees are similarly disadvantaged by the stigma of wrongful conviction. HYPOTHESES: In Experiment 1, we predicted that the stigma of wrongful conviction would be greater for Black than White exonerees. After finding the opposite pattern, we conducted two experiments to investigate the psychological underpinnings of t…
On Second Thought
Despite growing public knowledge of false confession cases, research with students and community members continues to find that people assume confessions indicate guilt. The present research explored the implications of belief perseverance: the tendency to maintain a belief even when confronted with compelling contradictory evidence. Across two studies (vignettes in Study 1; video interrogation footage in Study 2), students' pre‐existing beliefs …
Adverse inferences
OBJECTIVES: We conducted three studies that examined how preinterrogation rights decisions could impact lay people's perceptions of suspects. HYPOTHESES: Grounded in the literature on attribution errors and biases, we proposed that suspects who remained silent would be viewed and treated more negatively, generally, and especially when formal invocations were offered, compared to suspects who waived their rights. METHOD: Participants in Studies 1 …
Are they synonyms? A review of the use of the terms innocence, miscarriages of justice, wrongful conviction, and exoneration
Psychology (18 works) · Social Psychology (14 works) · Political science (11 works) · Social Psychology (11 works) · Criminology (9 works) · Deception detection and forensic psychology (8 works) · Law (8 works) · Sociology (7 works) · Conviction (6 works) · Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis (6 works)