Michael Brzoska
Biographic Data
| ID | 390067 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Michael Brzoska |
| GIVEN NAMES | Michael |
| FAMILY NAME | Brzoska |
| SIGNATURE | BRZOSKA M |
| AFFILIATIONS | Universität Hamburg |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-5227-1625 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 33 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 141 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 29 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 4 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1970 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2020 |
| H-INDEX | 6 |
Multi-method evidence for when and how climate-related disasters contribute to armed conflict risk
Climate-related disasters are among the most societally disruptive impacts of anthropogenic climate change. Their potential impact on the risk of armed conflict is heavily debated in the context of the security implications of climate change. Yet, evidence for such climate-conflict-disaster links remains limited and contested. One reason for this is that existing studies do not triangulate insights from different methods and pay little attention …
Understanding the Disaster-Migration-Violent Conflict Nexus in a Warming World: The Importance of International Policy Interventions
The importance and extent of some of the linkages between disasters, migration and violent conflict are not very well understood. There has been controversy in the empirical analytical literature both over core elements of the nexus and over the mechanisms driving it. One reason for the current state of the pertinent literature is the widespread neglect of international policy interventions in the policy fields of disaster risk reduction, conflic…
Climate change, migration and violent conflict: Vulnerabilities, pathways and adaptation strategies
It has often been predicted that large numbers of people will be displaced by climate change and that this will lead to violent conflict. At the core of this prediction is a simple causal model which assumes that climate change will result in resource scarcities, which in turn will drive migration as well as violent conflict. Academic research into the links between climate change, migration and conflict has questioned such predictions; their the…
Consequences of Assessments of Effectiveness for Counterterrorist Financing Policy
Assessments are an important instrument in shaping global counterterrorist financing (CTF) policy. However, while CTF policies had an impact on terrorist activity, it is not clear which CTF measures are useful and which are not. Past assessments have had a bias toward expanding the scope and intensity of CTF regulations and implementation because of their focus on output and outcome of measures, rather than on their impact on terrorist activity. …
International sanctions before and beyond UN sanctions
Journal Article International sanctions before and beyond UN sanctions Get access MICHAEL BRZOSKA MICHAEL BRZOSKA 1Professor of Political Science at the University of Hamburg Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 91, Issue 6, November 2015, Pages 1339–1349, https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2346.12449 Published: 06 November 2015
One effect to rule them all? A comment on climate and conflict
A recent Climatic Change review article reports a remarkable convergence of scientific evidence for a link between climatic events and violent intergroup conflict, thus departing markedly from other contemporary assessments of the empirical literature. This commentary revisits the review in order to understand the discrepancy. We believe the origins of the disagreement can be traced back to the review article’s underlying quantitative meta-analys…
Climate Change and Violent Conflict
Current debates over the relation between climate change and conflict originate in a lack of data, as well as the complexity of pathways connecting the two phenomena.
Climate Change, Human Security and Violent Conflict: Challenges for Societal Stability
Severe droughts, damaging floods and mass migration: Climate change is becoming a focal point for security and conflict research and a challenge for the world’s governance structures. But how severe are the security risks and conflict potentials of climate change? Could global warming trigger a sequence of events leading to economic decline, social unrest and political instability? What are the causal relationships between resource scarcity and v…
Disentangling the Climate-conflict Nexus: Empirical and Theoretical Assessment of Vulnerabilities and Pathways
Recent research has provided new insights into the relationship between climate change and violent conflict. In this review we compare the results, methodologies, and data applied in the peer-reviewed literature to recap the current state of the debate. While long-term historical studies suggest a coincidence between climate variability and armed conflict, empirical findings are less conclusive for recent periods. Disentangling the climate-confli…
Klimawandel und Konflikte
Security Sector Reconstruction and Reform in Peace Support Operations
This volume provides a framework for analyzing security sector reform under international tutelage.Following violent conflict and military interventions, international organizations or coalitions of countries increasingly engage in post-conflict reconstruction. Part of the international post-conflict agenda is thereconstruction orreform of th
Introduction: Criteria for evaluating post-conflict reconstruction and security sector reform in peace support operations
One of the key challenges arising from the recent increase in international involvement in post-conflict situations has been to establish security and to transfer responsibility to local institutions in ways compatible with principles of ownership, accountability and economic sustainability. While there is no lack of prescriptions for security transitioning, there has been little analysis of past efforts. The author suggests a list of criteria fo…
New Wars' Discourse in Germany
The past few years have seen the development in Germany of a discourse on the phenomenon of 'new wars'. This debate on the nature and cause of new wars is linked to changes in German military policy in the 1990s as well as to growing criticism of globalization. In particular, this review discusses as examples two books that have found wide audiences. In contrast to much of current Anglo-Saxon mainstream research on internal conflicts, emphasis in…
From Dumb to Smart? Recent Reforms of UN Sanctions
United Nations, Report of the Panel of Experts on Violations of Security Council Sanctions Against UNITA. Document S/2000/203, New York, 10 March 2000 (available online at www.un.org/News/dh/latest/angolareport_eng.htm), also called the Fowler Report. Targeted Financial Sanctions: A Manual for Design and Implementation. Contributions from the Interlaken (Providence: Watson Institute, Brown University, 2001) (available online at www.smartsanctions…
Smart Sanctions: The Next Steps: The Debate on Arms Embargoes and Travel Sanctions within the 'Bonn-Berlin Process
Military Conversion: The Balance Sheet
Concepts, like fashions, come and go. Conversion had its heyday in the late 1980s and early 1990s, and now it seems to have been all but forgotten, or even attained a negative tone. Actors as well as analysts are hesitant to put their work within the framework of conversion. The situation was different when largescale disarmament began in the late 1980s. There was an expectation of large, more or less automatic, economic benefits from shrinking m…
Prospects for a common arms transfer policy from the European Union to the Middle East
Book Notes
Book Notes
Book Notes
Book Notes
Book Notes
Book Notes
Developments in the Global Supply of Arms: Opportunity and Motivation
Likely trends in the supply side of the arms trade are examined, considering the opportunities and motives available to key actors and the changing international system that constrains their options. Among suppliers, the United States remains predominant, if somewhat more commercially than hegemonically oriented than in the past. Despite reassertive efforts and lower prices in the arms field, Russian export prospects are questionable, given uncer…
Restructuring of Arms Production in Western Europe
Multi-method evidence for when and how climate-related disasters contribute to armed conflict risk
Climate-related disasters are among the most societally disruptive impacts of anthropogenic climate change. Their potential impact on the risk of armed conflict is heavily debated in the context of the security implications of climate change. Yet, evidence for such climate-conflict-disaster links remains limited and contested. One reason for this is that existing studies do not triangulate insights from different methods and pay little attention …
Introduction: Criteria for evaluating post-conflict reconstruction and security sector reform in peace support operations
One of the key challenges arising from the recent increase in international involvement in post-conflict situations has been to establish security and to transfer responsibility to local institutions in ways compatible with principles of ownership, accountability and economic sustainability. While there is no lack of prescriptions for security transitioning, there has been little analysis of past efforts. The author suggests a list of criteria fo…
Arms Transfer Data Sources
Different issues related to arms transfers demand differing arms transfer data. At the moment, there are two sources available that aggregate data on military expenditures: the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) and the U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency (ACDA). The data given cover only part of the requirements for comprehensive arms trade data. SIPRI's definition is too limited to be of much value for serious researc…
The Reporting of Military Expenditures
Strong assumptions about the military sector are often made from weak data. This is as true for military expenditure data as for other data series. This judgement holds true despite the number of well known and highly reputed institutions putting out military expenditure data. These institutions must either rely totally on figures released by national governments or on information by secret services which cannot be controlled. Besides the problem…
Research Communication: The Military Related External Debt of Third World Countries
The structure of arms imports financing has changed considerably in the past. While in the fifties and sixties grants prevailed, in the seventies credits and cash-payments became most important. It is not possible to indicate how much of arms credits were included in available debt statistics. Anyhow, some theorizing has led to the conclusion that direct military credits might not be such an interesting indicator if we are interested in the total…
Disentangling the Climate-conflict Nexus: Empirical and Theoretical Assessment of Vulnerabilities and Pathways
Recent research has provided new insights into the relationship between climate change and violent conflict. In this review we compare the results, methodologies, and data applied in the peer-reviewed literature to recap the current state of the debate. While long-term historical studies suggest a coincidence between climate variability and armed conflict, empirical findings are less conclusive for recent periods. Disentangling the climate-confli…
Restructuring of Arms Production in Western Europe
New Wars' Discourse in Germany
The past few years have seen the development in Germany of a discourse on the phenomenon of 'new wars'. This debate on the nature and cause of new wars is linked to changes in German military policy in the 1990s as well as to growing criticism of globalization. In particular, this review discusses as examples two books that have found wide audiences. In contrast to much of current Anglo-Saxon mainstream research on internal conflicts, emphasis in…
Developments in the Global Supply of Arms: Opportunity and Motivation
Likely trends in the supply side of the arms trade are examined, considering the opportunities and motives available to key actors and the changing international system that constrains their options. Among suppliers, the United States remains predominant, if somewhat more commercially than hegemonically oriented than in the past. Despite reassertive efforts and lower prices in the arms field, Russian export prospects are questionable, given uncer…
The Impact Of Arms Production In the Third World
In the last 20 years or so, the production of conventional armaments in countries of the Third World has increased markedly. The main considerations are political; economically, there is only limited support for such investments. Over time, though, economic interests tend to become entrenched and to sustain domestic production. The predominant question of independence from foreign suppliers of weaponry has two aspects: first, short-run independen…
Understanding the Disaster-Migration-Violent Conflict Nexus in a Warming World: The Importance of International Policy Interventions
The importance and extent of some of the linkages between disasters, migration and violent conflict are not very well understood. There has been controversy in the empirical analytical literature both over core elements of the nexus and over the mechanisms driving it. One reason for the current state of the pertinent literature is the widespread neglect of international policy interventions in the policy fields of disaster risk reduction, conflic…
International sanctions before and beyond UN sanctions
Journal Article International sanctions before and beyond UN sanctions Get access MICHAEL BRZOSKA MICHAEL BRZOSKA 1Professor of Political Science at the University of Hamburg Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 91, Issue 6, November 2015, Pages 1339–1349, https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2346.12449 Published: 06 November 2015
Prospects for a common arms transfer policy from the European Union to the Middle East
Is the Nuclear Non-Proliferation System a Regime? A Comment on Trevor McMorris Tate
It is often stated in academic analysis as well as in public discussions that there is a nuclear proliferation regime. The rather limited proliferation of nuclear weapons since the 1960s is then said to be the result of the erection and fairly successful working of this international regime. This view is criticized using a recent article in this journal as an example. One problem with the international regime approach is that proponents are often…
Smart Sanctions: The Next Steps: The Debate on Arms Embargoes and Travel Sanctions within the 'Bonn-Berlin Process
The Erosion of Restraint in West German Arms Transfer Policy
The left-to-center government coming to power in the FRG in 1969 adopted a comparatively restrictive arms export policy. In the 1970s, restrictions were lifted step-by-step. The analysis of this process focuses on polity and politics of arms transfer policy. Arms transfer policy became split. There was a level of publicly proclaimed restrictions, a level of bureaucratic policy and a level of actual licensing arms exports. The arms industry was in…
Consequences of Assessments of Effectiveness for Counterterrorist Financing Policy
Assessments are an important instrument in shaping global counterterrorist financing (CTF) policy. However, while CTF policies had an impact on terrorist activity, it is not clear which CTF measures are useful and which are not. Past assessments have had a bias toward expanding the scope and intensity of CTF regulations and implementation because of their focus on output and outcome of measures, rather than on their impact on terrorist activity. …
From Dumb to Smart? Recent Reforms of UN Sanctions
United Nations, Report of the Panel of Experts on Violations of Security Council Sanctions Against UNITA. Document S/2000/203, New York, 10 March 2000 (available online at www.un.org/News/dh/latest/angolareport_eng.htm), also called the Fowler Report. Targeted Financial Sanctions: A Manual for Design and Implementation. Contributions from the Interlaken (Providence: Watson Institute, Brown University, 2001) (available online at www.smartsanctions…
Military Conversion: The Balance Sheet
Concepts, like fashions, come and go. Conversion had its heyday in the late 1980s and early 1990s, and now it seems to have been all but forgotten, or even attained a negative tone. Actors as well as analysts are hesitant to put their work within the framework of conversion. The situation was different when largescale disarmament began in the late 1980s. There was an expectation of large, more or less automatic, economic benefits from shrinking m…
Focus On The Arms Trade - Can It Be Controlled
Climate Change, Security Risks, and Violent Conflicts: Essays from Integrated Climate Research in Hamburg
Research on security-related aspects of climate change is an important element of climate change impact assessments. Hamburg has become a globally recognized center of pertinent analysis of the climate-conflict-nexus. The essays in this collection present a sample of the research conducted from 2009 to 2018 within an interdisciplinary cooperation of experts from Universität Hamburg and other institutions in Hamburg related to the research group "…
The Reporting of Military Expenditures
Strong assumptions about the military sector are often made from weak data. This is as true for military expenditure data as for other data series. This judgement holds true despite the number of well known and highly reputed institutions putting out military expenditure data. These institutions must either rely totally on figures released by national governments or on information by secret services which cannot be controlled. Besides the problem…
Arms Transfer Data Sources
Different issues related to arms transfers demand differing arms transfer data. At the moment, there are two sources available that aggregate data on military expenditures: the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) and the U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency (ACDA). The data given cover only part of the requirements for comprehensive arms trade data. SIPRI's definition is too limited to be of much value for serious researc…
Research Communication: The Military Related External Debt of Third World Countries
The structure of arms imports financing has changed considerably in the past. While in the fifties and sixties grants prevailed, in the seventies credits and cash-payments became most important. It is not possible to indicate how much of arms credits were included in available debt statistics. Anyhow, some theorizing has led to the conclusion that direct military credits might not be such an interesting indicator if we are interested in the total…
Focus On The Arms Trade - Can It Be Controlled
The Erosion of Restraint in West German Arms Transfer Policy
The left-to-center government coming to power in the FRG in 1969 adopted a comparatively restrictive arms export policy. In the 1970s, restrictions were lifted step-by-step. The analysis of this process focuses on polity and politics of arms transfer policy. Arms transfer policy became split. There was a level of publicly proclaimed restrictions, a level of bureaucratic policy and a level of actual licensing arms exports. The arms industry was in…
The Impact Of Arms Production In the Third World
In the last 20 years or so, the production of conventional armaments in countries of the Third World has increased markedly. The main considerations are political; economically, there is only limited support for such investments. Over time, though, economic interests tend to become entrenched and to sustain domestic production. The predominant question of independence from foreign suppliers of weaponry has two aspects: first, short-run independen…
Restructuring of Arms Production in Western Europe
Is the Nuclear Non-Proliferation System a Regime? A Comment on Trevor McMorris Tate
It is often stated in academic analysis as well as in public discussions that there is a nuclear proliferation regime. The rather limited proliferation of nuclear weapons since the 1960s is then said to be the result of the erection and fairly successful working of this international regime. This view is criticized using a recent article in this journal as an example. One problem with the international regime approach is that proponents are often…
Book Notes
Book Notes
Book Notes
Book Notes
Developments in the Global Supply of Arms: Opportunity and Motivation
Likely trends in the supply side of the arms trade are examined, considering the opportunities and motives available to key actors and the changing international system that constrains their options. Among suppliers, the United States remains predominant, if somewhat more commercially than hegemonically oriented than in the past. Despite reassertive efforts and lower prices in the arms field, Russian export prospects are questionable, given uncer…
Prospects for a common arms transfer policy from the European Union to the Middle East
Book Notes
Book Notes
Military Conversion: The Balance Sheet
Concepts, like fashions, come and go. Conversion had its heyday in the late 1980s and early 1990s, and now it seems to have been all but forgotten, or even attained a negative tone. Actors as well as analysts are hesitant to put their work within the framework of conversion. The situation was different when largescale disarmament began in the late 1980s. There was an expectation of large, more or less automatic, economic benefits from shrinking m…
Smart Sanctions: The Next Steps: The Debate on Arms Embargoes and Travel Sanctions within the 'Bonn-Berlin Process
From Dumb to Smart? Recent Reforms of UN Sanctions
United Nations, Report of the Panel of Experts on Violations of Security Council Sanctions Against UNITA. Document S/2000/203, New York, 10 March 2000 (available online at www.un.org/News/dh/latest/angolareport_eng.htm), also called the Fowler Report. Targeted Financial Sanctions: A Manual for Design and Implementation. Contributions from the Interlaken (Providence: Watson Institute, Brown University, 2001) (available online at www.smartsanctions…
New Wars' Discourse in Germany
The past few years have seen the development in Germany of a discourse on the phenomenon of 'new wars'. This debate on the nature and cause of new wars is linked to changes in German military policy in the 1990s as well as to growing criticism of globalization. In particular, this review discusses as examples two books that have found wide audiences. In contrast to much of current Anglo-Saxon mainstream research on internal conflicts, emphasis in…
Security Sector Reconstruction and Reform in Peace Support Operations
This volume provides a framework for analyzing security sector reform under international tutelage.Following violent conflict and military interventions, international organizations or coalitions of countries increasingly engage in post-conflict reconstruction. Part of the international post-conflict agenda is thereconstruction orreform of th
Introduction: Criteria for evaluating post-conflict reconstruction and security sector reform in peace support operations
One of the key challenges arising from the recent increase in international involvement in post-conflict situations has been to establish security and to transfer responsibility to local institutions in ways compatible with principles of ownership, accountability and economic sustainability. While there is no lack of prescriptions for security transitioning, there has been little analysis of past efforts. The author suggests a list of criteria fo…
Klimawandel und Konflikte
Climate Change and Violent Conflict
Current debates over the relation between climate change and conflict originate in a lack of data, as well as the complexity of pathways connecting the two phenomena.
Political science (23 works) · Economics (17 works) · Law (16 works) · Computer Science (13 works) · Engineering (11 works) · Politics (9 works) · Business (8 works) · Law (8 works) · Psychology (8 works) · Climate change (7 works)