Alex Sutherland
Biographic Data
| ID | 3929720 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Alex Sutherland |
| GIVEN NAMES | Alex |
| FAMILY NAME | Sutherland |
| SIGNATURE | SUTHERLAND A |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Cambridge |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-0276-9705 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 20 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 106 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 19 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 1 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2007 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
Mapping complexity in realist evaluation: A transferable programme-level theory of change for cross-agency violence reduction
This article presents a realist-informed programme-level theory of change developed for a multi-site evaluation of a focused deterrence intervention aimed at reducing serious violence in five UK cities. Focused deterrence, a complex, cross-agency approach, requires theoretical tools that can account for local variation, emergent mechanisms and shifting implementation contexts. Using a five-stage process involving document review, fieldwork, works…
Using Research to Improve Policing post Casey—and Why that Might not Happen
Crime is a problem that extends beyond police and policing. As the saying goes, ‘you can't arrest your way out of crime’, nor can you police your way out of a recruitment crisis, or baton‐charge to improve trust. Policing faces some novel challenges, but not every policing problem is unique and there are ideas from outside policing that can help. This article makes suggestions on ways to resolve some of the issues raised in the Casey review using…
The Effect of the Brexit Vote on the Variation in Race and Religious Hate Crimes in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland
This paper examines possible mechanisms behind the spike in racially or religiously-aggravated (RR) offences after the Brexit vote. It adds to the current literature in five significant ways: (1) it provides the first Brexit-related RR hate crime comparison between England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland; (2) it reports on results from a national-level panel model that adds to the debate in the literature on whether pro-leave or pro-rema…
Behavioural prompts to increase early filing of tax returns: A population-level randomised controlled trial of 11.2 million taxpayers in Indonesia
In Indonesia, as in other countries, a large proportion of tax returns are filed at the last minute. In a population-wide randomised controlled trial ( n = 11,157,069), we evaluated the impact of behavioural email prompts on the proportion of annual tax returns filed at least two weeks before the deadline; and overall filing rate. In two control conditions, taxpayers either received no email or an email used in prior years, emphasising regulatory…
The effect of messaging on the acceptance of swaps to reduce the energy content of snacks and non-alcoholic drinks ordered in an experimental online workplace canteen: A randomised controlled trial
Sex differences in adolescent physical aggression: Evidence from sixty‐three low‐and middle‐income countries
A great deal of research shows that adolescent and adult males are more likely to engage in physical aggression and violence than females are. However, few studies have examined cross-cultural variation in sex differences, particularly among low- and middle-income countries [LMICs]. Based on social role and sexual selection theories, we derived two hypotheses regarding possible variations in sex differences across societal contexts: 1) sex differ…
Evaluating interventions that prevent or counter violent extremism: A practical guide
This document provides an overview of data collection methods and evaluation designs suitable for evaluating interventions and programmes designed to prevent and counter violent extremism and radicalisation. This document also provides a comprehensive discussion on ethical considerations in PCVE evaluation more broadly, as well as in the application of specific evaluation methods.
Using Ambulance Data for Violence Prevention: Technical Report
This study investigates whether this ambulance data adds potential value for injury surveillance, bringing new information over and above that already available. Within that, there is an assessment of data quality in terms of completeness and, for example, the extent that the data sources overlap. Secondly, it scopes whether and if so, how, these data could be applied to violence prevention activities.
Pragmatic randomised controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness and cost effectiveness of a multi-component intervention to reduce substance use and risk-taking behaviour in adolescents involved i…
ISRCTN77037777 registered 15/09/2016
A propensity score analysis of a community resettlement programme for women prisoners
This article presents results from a quasi-experimental evaluation of a prisoner resettlement project for women offenders. Overall the results show that there was no statistically discernible difference in the proven reoffending rate; but frequency of proven reoffending was higher for women who participated in the project compared to the matched comparison group. The approach taken here has broad relevance for those providing services in the comm…
Revisiting free school meal eligibility as a proxy for pupil socio‐economic deprivation
Whether someone has ever had free school meal ( FSM ) eligibility over a six‐year period is the measure of socio‐economic disadvantage currently used in the English school system. It is used to monitor the socio‐economic gap in achievement in the education system, to identify particular children at risk of low achievement and to direct funding to particular children and schools. In this paper we assess how well this measure predicts pupil attainm…
London Education and Inclusion Project (Leip): Results from a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial of an Intervention to Reduce School Exclusion and Antisocial Behavior
School exclusion as a disciplinary measure remains a controversial issue. In spite of numerous attempts to reduce this practice, no solutions with documented effectiveness exist. This article reports results of a cluster-randomized controlled field trial carried out in 36 schools across London. The trial is an independent evaluation of a 12-week-long intervention, Engage in Education-London (EiE-L), delivered by Catch22. The intervention was aime…
Post-experimental follow-ups—Fade-out versus persistence effects: The Rialto police body-worn camera experiment four years on
Wearing body cameras increases assaults against officers and does not reduce police use of force: Results from a global multi-site experiment
Police use of force is at the forefront of public awareness in many countries. Body-worn videos (BWVs) have been proposed as a new way of reducing police use of force, as well as assaults against officers. To date, only a handful of peer-reviewed randomised trials have looked at the effectiveness of BWVs, primarily focusing on use of force and complaints. We sought to replicate these studies, adding assaults against police officers as an addition…
The Effect of Police Body-Worn Cameras on Use of Force and Citizens’ Complaints Against the Police: A Randomized Controlled Trial
London Education and Inclusion Project (Leip): A cluster-randomised controlled trial protocol of an intervention to reduce antisocial behaviour and improve educational/occupational attainment for pupi…
In 2011/12 about 6% of pupils in England who were in the last two years of compulsory education (Years 10 and 11) experienced one or more fixed period school exclusionsa for disciplinary reasons and there are roughly 300,000 fixed period exclusions every year in England and Wales (Department for Education, 2013a). Excluded pupils are at a greatly increased risk of failing GCSE examinations, not being in employment, education or training (NEET) at…
Bridging Structure and Perception: On the Neighbourhood Ecology of Beliefs and Worries About Violent Crime
Applying Robert Sampson’s (2012) work on interdependent spatial patterns in a new setting, we link structural characteristics of the neighbourhood to public beliefs and worries about neighbourhood violence via two intermediate mechanisms: (1) collective efficacy and (2) neighbourhood disorder. Analysing data from face-to-face interviews of 61,436 individuals living in 4,761 London neighbourhoods, we find that the strength of informal social contr…
Collective Efficacy, Deprivation and Violence in London
This paper examines the importance of neighbourhood context in explaining violence in London. Exploring in a new context Sampson’s work on the relationship between interdependent spatial patterns of concentrated disadvantage and crime, we assess whether collective efficacy (i.e. shared expectations about norms, values and goals, as well as the ability of members of the community to realize these goals) mediates the potential impact on violence of…
Is parental socio-economic status related to the initiation of substance abuse by young people in an English city? An event history analysis
The Legend of the Brahan Seer: The Use of a Historical Resource since c. 1875
Collective Efficacy, Deprivation and Violence in London
This paper examines the importance of neighbourhood context in explaining violence in London. Exploring in a new context Sampson’s work on the relationship between interdependent spatial patterns of concentrated disadvantage and crime, we assess whether collective efficacy (i.e. shared expectations about norms, values and goals, as well as the ability of members of the community to realize these goals) mediates the potential impact on violence of…
Bridging Structure and Perception: On the Neighbourhood Ecology of Beliefs and Worries About Violent Crime
Applying Robert Sampson’s (2012) work on interdependent spatial patterns in a new setting, we link structural characteristics of the neighbourhood to public beliefs and worries about neighbourhood violence via two intermediate mechanisms: (1) collective efficacy and (2) neighbourhood disorder. Analysing data from face-to-face interviews of 61,436 individuals living in 4,761 London neighbourhoods, we find that the strength of informal social contr…
Revisiting free school meal eligibility as a proxy for pupil socio‐economic deprivation
Whether someone has ever had free school meal ( FSM ) eligibility over a six‐year period is the measure of socio‐economic disadvantage currently used in the English school system. It is used to monitor the socio‐economic gap in achievement in the education system, to identify particular children at risk of low achievement and to direct funding to particular children and schools. In this paper we assess how well this measure predicts pupil attainm…
Sex differences in adolescent physical aggression: Evidence from sixty‐three low‐and middle‐income countries
A great deal of research shows that adolescent and adult males are more likely to engage in physical aggression and violence than females are. However, few studies have examined cross-cultural variation in sex differences, particularly among low- and middle-income countries [LMICs]. Based on social role and sexual selection theories, we derived two hypotheses regarding possible variations in sex differences across societal contexts: 1) sex differ…
Post-experimental follow-ups—Fade-out versus persistence effects: The Rialto police body-worn camera experiment four years on
The Effect of the Brexit Vote on the Variation in Race and Religious Hate Crimes in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland
This paper examines possible mechanisms behind the spike in racially or religiously-aggravated (RR) offences after the Brexit vote. It adds to the current literature in five significant ways: (1) it provides the first Brexit-related RR hate crime comparison between England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland; (2) it reports on results from a national-level panel model that adds to the debate in the literature on whether pro-leave or pro-rema…
Behavioural prompts to increase early filing of tax returns: A population-level randomised controlled trial of 11.2 million taxpayers in Indonesia
In Indonesia, as in other countries, a large proportion of tax returns are filed at the last minute. In a population-wide randomised controlled trial ( n = 11,157,069), we evaluated the impact of behavioural email prompts on the proportion of annual tax returns filed at least two weeks before the deadline; and overall filing rate. In two control conditions, taxpayers either received no email or an email used in prior years, emphasising regulatory…
London Education and Inclusion Project (Leip): Results from a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial of an Intervention to Reduce School Exclusion and Antisocial Behavior
School exclusion as a disciplinary measure remains a controversial issue. In spite of numerous attempts to reduce this practice, no solutions with documented effectiveness exist. This article reports results of a cluster-randomized controlled field trial carried out in 36 schools across London. The trial is an independent evaluation of a 12-week-long intervention, Engage in Education-London (EiE-L), delivered by Catch22. The intervention was aime…
The effect of messaging on the acceptance of swaps to reduce the energy content of snacks and non-alcoholic drinks ordered in an experimental online workplace canteen: A randomised controlled trial
Is parental socio-economic status related to the initiation of substance abuse by young people in an English city? An event history analysis
The Legend of the Brahan Seer: The Use of a Historical Resource since c. 1875
Is parental socio-economic status related to the initiation of substance abuse by young people in an English city? An event history analysis
Collective Efficacy, Deprivation and Violence in London
This paper examines the importance of neighbourhood context in explaining violence in London. Exploring in a new context Sampson’s work on the relationship between interdependent spatial patterns of concentrated disadvantage and crime, we assess whether collective efficacy (i.e. shared expectations about norms, values and goals, as well as the ability of members of the community to realize these goals) mediates the potential impact on violence of…
London Education and Inclusion Project (Leip): A cluster-randomised controlled trial protocol of an intervention to reduce antisocial behaviour and improve educational/occupational attainment for pupi…
In 2011/12 about 6% of pupils in England who were in the last two years of compulsory education (Years 10 and 11) experienced one or more fixed period school exclusionsa for disciplinary reasons and there are roughly 300,000 fixed period exclusions every year in England and Wales (Department for Education, 2013a). Excluded pupils are at a greatly increased risk of failing GCSE examinations, not being in employment, education or training (NEET) at…
Bridging Structure and Perception: On the Neighbourhood Ecology of Beliefs and Worries About Violent Crime
Applying Robert Sampson’s (2012) work on interdependent spatial patterns in a new setting, we link structural characteristics of the neighbourhood to public beliefs and worries about neighbourhood violence via two intermediate mechanisms: (1) collective efficacy and (2) neighbourhood disorder. Analysing data from face-to-face interviews of 61,436 individuals living in 4,761 London neighbourhoods, we find that the strength of informal social contr…
The Effect of Police Body-Worn Cameras on Use of Force and Citizens’ Complaints Against the Police: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Wearing body cameras increases assaults against officers and does not reduce police use of force: Results from a global multi-site experiment
Police use of force is at the forefront of public awareness in many countries. Body-worn videos (BWVs) have been proposed as a new way of reducing police use of force, as well as assaults against officers. To date, only a handful of peer-reviewed randomised trials have looked at the effectiveness of BWVs, primarily focusing on use of force and complaints. We sought to replicate these studies, adding assaults against police officers as an addition…
Using Ambulance Data for Violence Prevention: Technical Report
This study investigates whether this ambulance data adds potential value for injury surveillance, bringing new information over and above that already available. Within that, there is an assessment of data quality in terms of completeness and, for example, the extent that the data sources overlap. Secondly, it scopes whether and if so, how, these data could be applied to violence prevention activities.
Pragmatic randomised controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness and cost effectiveness of a multi-component intervention to reduce substance use and risk-taking behaviour in adolescents involved i…
ISRCTN77037777 registered 15/09/2016
A propensity score analysis of a community resettlement programme for women prisoners
This article presents results from a quasi-experimental evaluation of a prisoner resettlement project for women offenders. Overall the results show that there was no statistically discernible difference in the proven reoffending rate; but frequency of proven reoffending was higher for women who participated in the project compared to the matched comparison group. The approach taken here has broad relevance for those providing services in the comm…
Revisiting free school meal eligibility as a proxy for pupil socio‐economic deprivation
Whether someone has ever had free school meal ( FSM ) eligibility over a six‐year period is the measure of socio‐economic disadvantage currently used in the English school system. It is used to monitor the socio‐economic gap in achievement in the education system, to identify particular children at risk of low achievement and to direct funding to particular children and schools. In this paper we assess how well this measure predicts pupil attainm…
London Education and Inclusion Project (Leip): Results from a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial of an Intervention to Reduce School Exclusion and Antisocial Behavior
School exclusion as a disciplinary measure remains a controversial issue. In spite of numerous attempts to reduce this practice, no solutions with documented effectiveness exist. This article reports results of a cluster-randomized controlled field trial carried out in 36 schools across London. The trial is an independent evaluation of a 12-week-long intervention, Engage in Education-London (EiE-L), delivered by Catch22. The intervention was aime…
Post-experimental follow-ups—Fade-out versus persistence effects: The Rialto police body-worn camera experiment four years on
Evaluating interventions that prevent or counter violent extremism: A practical guide
This document provides an overview of data collection methods and evaluation designs suitable for evaluating interventions and programmes designed to prevent and counter violent extremism and radicalisation. This document also provides a comprehensive discussion on ethical considerations in PCVE evaluation more broadly, as well as in the application of specific evaluation methods.
Sex differences in adolescent physical aggression: Evidence from sixty‐three low‐and middle‐income countries
A great deal of research shows that adolescent and adult males are more likely to engage in physical aggression and violence than females are. However, few studies have examined cross-cultural variation in sex differences, particularly among low- and middle-income countries [LMICs]. Based on social role and sexual selection theories, we derived two hypotheses regarding possible variations in sex differences across societal contexts: 1) sex differ…
The effect of messaging on the acceptance of swaps to reduce the energy content of snacks and non-alcoholic drinks ordered in an experimental online workplace canteen: A randomised controlled trial
Behavioural prompts to increase early filing of tax returns: A population-level randomised controlled trial of 11.2 million taxpayers in Indonesia
In Indonesia, as in other countries, a large proportion of tax returns are filed at the last minute. In a population-wide randomised controlled trial ( n = 11,157,069), we evaluated the impact of behavioural email prompts on the proportion of annual tax returns filed at least two weeks before the deadline; and overall filing rate. In two control conditions, taxpayers either received no email or an email used in prior years, emphasising regulatory…
The Effect of the Brexit Vote on the Variation in Race and Religious Hate Crimes in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland
This paper examines possible mechanisms behind the spike in racially or religiously-aggravated (RR) offences after the Brexit vote. It adds to the current literature in five significant ways: (1) it provides the first Brexit-related RR hate crime comparison between England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland; (2) it reports on results from a national-level panel model that adds to the debate in the literature on whether pro-leave or pro-rema…
Using Research to Improve Policing post Casey—and Why that Might not Happen
Crime is a problem that extends beyond police and policing. As the saying goes, ‘you can't arrest your way out of crime’, nor can you police your way out of a recruitment crisis, or baton‐charge to improve trust. Policing faces some novel challenges, but not every policing problem is unique and there are ideas from outside policing that can help. This article makes suggestions on ways to resolve some of the issues raised in the Casey review using…
Mapping complexity in realist evaluation: A transferable programme-level theory of change for cross-agency violence reduction
This article presents a realist-informed programme-level theory of change developed for a multi-site evaluation of a focused deterrence intervention aimed at reducing serious violence in five UK cities. Focused deterrence, a complex, cross-agency approach, requires theoretical tools that can account for local variation, emergent mechanisms and shifting implementation contexts. Using a five-stage process involving document review, fieldwork, works…
Psychology (14 works) · Medicine (13 works) · Sociology (9 works) · Criminology (8 works) · Political science (8 works) · Psychiatry (8 works) · Crime Patterns and Interventions (7 works) · Environmental health (7 works) · Population (7 works) · Psychological intervention (6 works)