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Sora Lee

Biographic Data

ID3935871
NAMESora Lee
GIVEN NAMESSora
FAMILY NAMELee
SIGNATURELEE S
AFFILIATIONSLa Trobe University
ORCID0000-0002-2665-7794
VERIFIEDYes
TOTAL WORKS13
TOTAL CITATIONS4
AUTHOR COUNT13
EDITOR COUNT0
FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR2020
LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR2026
H-INDEX2
  • Labour Market Detachment and Social Disconnection in Later Working Life

    Open Access•Drew Eleanor Meehan, Sora Lee•ARTICLE•Social Sciences•2026

    Social disconnection, encompassing both loneliness and social isolation, is increasingly recognised as an important public health concern. While employment provides opportunities for social participation and role engagement, less is known about how different forms of labour market detachment relate to subjective and objective dimensions of social connection in later working life. This study examined the association between labour force attachment…

  • Hidden workers and the politics of care

    Open Access•Sora Lee, Lu Yang•ARTICLE•Critical Public Health•2026

    Welfare-to-work policies increasingly mobilise health and wellbeing to justify activation and compliance, particularly for single parents. Existing research shows that such regimes often individualise unemployment and caregiving, obscuring structural barriers linked to poverty, gendered care labour, and trauma. In Australia, the ParentsNext program became a focal point for these debates prior to its abolition in 2024. This study examines how heal…

  • Hidden in the Labour Market

    Open Access•Sora Lee, Woojin Kang•ARTICLE•Australian Journal of Social Issues•2026•References: 14

    This study employs an intersectionality‐informed latent class analysis (LCA) to examine the hidden diversity of discouraged workers in Australia. Drawing on nationally representative data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia Survey, we identified six empirically distinct subgroups defined by intersecting demographic and structural characteristics. Class 1 consisted of older educated married men with moderate health issues, …

  • Beyond Hours

    Open Access•Sora Lee, Woojin Kang•ARTICLE•Social Sciences•2025•References: 4

    Underemployment in Australia represents a critical facet of precarious work, shaped not only by insufficient hours and skill underutilisation but also by care responsibilities and financial insecurity. Using data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey, this study employed latent class analysis (LCA), a person-centred, model-based clustering method, to uncover hidden subgroups within the underemployed population…

  • Unveiling the Hidden Workers in Australia

    Open Access•Sora Lee, Woojin Kang et al.•ARTICLE•Social Sciences•2025•Cited by: 2•References: 33

    The pattern of labour underutilisation is complex and multifaceted, but research has been focused on unemployment. To explore socio-economic demographics of other forms of labour underutilisation, this study investigates the concept of 'hidden workers' using the latest data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) study. Hidden workers are composed of three categories, namely those who are unemployed but actively seekin…

  • A meta-narrative review of research traditions on hidden workers in aging population for transdisciplinary implementation research

    Open Access•Sora Lee, Woojin Kang•ARTICLE•Frontiers in Public Health•2024

    Hidden workers are defined as the three vulnerable subgroups of workers: the underemployed, the unemployed, and the discouraged workers. Hidden workers indeed the group with multiple identities; a transitioning retiree, jobseeker, caring for some, who may also have long term health conditions and ethnic minority all at the same time. Designing an intervention for this group necessitates the transdisciplinary knowledge. Transdisciplinary knowledge…

  • Research Landscape on Hidden Workers in Aging Populations

    Open Access•Sora Lee, Woojin Kang•ARTICLE•Social Sciences•2024•References: 6

    In this study, we employ ‘hidden workers’ as a key concept to integrate the three vulnerable subgroups of aging workers: underemployed, unemployed, and discouraged workers. (1) Background: The challenges faced by underemployed, unemployed, and discouraged workers in the older population are complex. It would be beneficial to visualize the intellectual landscape of these three distinct groups in aging populations to understand which aspects have b…

  • What Contributes to the Gender Gap? A Blinder-Oaxaca Decomposition Analysis of Hidden Workers in Australia

    Open Access•Sora Lee, Woojin Kang•ARTICLE•Social Sciences•2024•Cited by: 2•References: 42

    1) Hidden workers include those who are unemployed or underemployed or discouraged workers. This study analyses the probabilities of becoming a hidden worker between males and females in three age groups (youth, young adults, and mid-life) and identifies the extent to which these factors explain the gender gap among hidden workers in Australia. (2) Using the Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition approach, this study aims to contribute to the discussion by…

  • Covid-19 Responses of South Korea as Hybrids of Governance Modes

    Open Access•Sora Lee, Ryan Wong•ARTICLE•Frontiers in Public Health•2021

    The countries worldwide have adapted diverse governance approaches to the pandemic to suit their contexts. While the diversity of the country-specific governance responses has been widely discussed, the hybrids nature of those governance practices has been explored less. This study analyses the responses toward COVID-19 in South Korea as responsive dialogues of different modes of governance, i.e., consensus-based hierarchy, state-sponsored market…

  • Covid-19 Amplifiers on Health Inequity Among the Older Populations

    Open Access•Sora Lee•ARTICLE•Frontiers in Public Health•2021

    The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is affecting the population disproportionately and is continuously widening the health gap among the population. Based on some recent studies on COVID-19 and the older population, the various cascades toward health inequity have been projected. This study highlights how the COVID-19 is met by health inequity triggers, such as global trade inequality, ageist social regulations, and the existing social inequi…

  • Precision Regulation Approach

    Open Access•Sora Lee, Woojin Kang•ARTICLE•Frontiers in Public Health•2021

    COVID-19 has triggered various changes in our everyday lives and how we conceptualize the functions of governments. Some areas require stricter forms of regulation while others call for deregulation. The challenge for the regulatory authorities is to manage these potentially conflicting demands in regulation and define coherently their overall regulatory rationale. The precision regulation approach can be a helpful approach. It is defined here as…

  • Steering the Private Sector in Covid-19 Diagnostic Test Kit Development in South Korea

    Open Access•Sora Lee•ARTICLE•Frontiers in Public Health•2020

    Responsive private sector engagement in developing test kits for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in South Korea offers a valuable case study in public-private partnership and infectious disease governance. Korean biotech firms promptly developed diagnostic test kits, and the nation achieved capacity to test more than 20,000 people daily. This was a direct result of the continuous application of lessons learned from the Middle Eastern respiratory s…

  • Missing in Action

    Open Access•Sora Lee, Valerie Braithwaite•ARTICLE•The Annals of the American…•2020•References: 14

    The regulatory welfare state illuminates path dependencies and tendencies to mutual growth in markets, welfare, and regulation. This article uses two specific welfare-to-work programs, one in Korea and one in Australia, to illustrate the institutional interconnections that are in play within the regulatory welfare state. Governance of these programs is hampered by lack of discursive capacity to identify where problems exist and how they can be fi…

  • Unveiling the Hidden Workers in Australia

    Open Access•Sora Lee, Woojin Kang et al.•ARTICLE•Social Sciences•2025•Cited by: 2•References: 33

    The pattern of labour underutilisation is complex and multifaceted, but research has been focused on unemployment. To explore socio-economic demographics of other forms of labour underutilisation, this study investigates the concept of 'hidden workers' using the latest data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) study. Hidden workers are composed of three categories, namely those who are unemployed but actively seekin…

  • What Contributes to the Gender Gap? A Blinder-Oaxaca Decomposition Analysis of Hidden Workers in Australia

    Open Access•Sora Lee, Woojin Kang•ARTICLE•Social Sciences•2024•Cited by: 2•References: 42

    1) Hidden workers include those who are unemployed or underemployed or discouraged workers. This study analyses the probabilities of becoming a hidden worker between males and females in three age groups (youth, young adults, and mid-life) and identifies the extent to which these factors explain the gender gap among hidden workers in Australia. (2) Using the Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition approach, this study aims to contribute to the discussion by…

  • Steering the Private Sector in Covid-19 Diagnostic Test Kit Development in South Korea

    Open Access•Sora Lee•ARTICLE•Frontiers in Public Health•2020

    Responsive private sector engagement in developing test kits for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in South Korea offers a valuable case study in public-private partnership and infectious disease governance. Korean biotech firms promptly developed diagnostic test kits, and the nation achieved capacity to test more than 20,000 people daily. This was a direct result of the continuous application of lessons learned from the Middle Eastern respiratory s…

  • Missing in Action

    Open Access•Sora Lee, Valerie Braithwaite•ARTICLE•The Annals of the American…•2020•References: 14

    The regulatory welfare state illuminates path dependencies and tendencies to mutual growth in markets, welfare, and regulation. This article uses two specific welfare-to-work programs, one in Korea and one in Australia, to illustrate the institutional interconnections that are in play within the regulatory welfare state. Governance of these programs is hampered by lack of discursive capacity to identify where problems exist and how they can be fi…

  • Covid-19 Responses of South Korea as Hybrids of Governance Modes

    Open Access•Sora Lee, Ryan Wong•ARTICLE•Frontiers in Public Health•2021

    The countries worldwide have adapted diverse governance approaches to the pandemic to suit their contexts. While the diversity of the country-specific governance responses has been widely discussed, the hybrids nature of those governance practices has been explored less. This study analyses the responses toward COVID-19 in South Korea as responsive dialogues of different modes of governance, i.e., consensus-based hierarchy, state-sponsored market…

  • Covid-19 Amplifiers on Health Inequity Among the Older Populations

    Open Access•Sora Lee•ARTICLE•Frontiers in Public Health•2021

    The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is affecting the population disproportionately and is continuously widening the health gap among the population. Based on some recent studies on COVID-19 and the older population, the various cascades toward health inequity have been projected. This study highlights how the COVID-19 is met by health inequity triggers, such as global trade inequality, ageist social regulations, and the existing social inequi…

  • Precision Regulation Approach

    Open Access•Sora Lee, Woojin Kang•ARTICLE•Frontiers in Public Health•2021

    COVID-19 has triggered various changes in our everyday lives and how we conceptualize the functions of governments. Some areas require stricter forms of regulation while others call for deregulation. The challenge for the regulatory authorities is to manage these potentially conflicting demands in regulation and define coherently their overall regulatory rationale. The precision regulation approach can be a helpful approach. It is defined here as…

  • A meta-narrative review of research traditions on hidden workers in aging population for transdisciplinary implementation research

    Open Access•Sora Lee, Woojin Kang•ARTICLE•Frontiers in Public Health•2024

    Hidden workers are defined as the three vulnerable subgroups of workers: the underemployed, the unemployed, and the discouraged workers. Hidden workers indeed the group with multiple identities; a transitioning retiree, jobseeker, caring for some, who may also have long term health conditions and ethnic minority all at the same time. Designing an intervention for this group necessitates the transdisciplinary knowledge. Transdisciplinary knowledge…

  • Research Landscape on Hidden Workers in Aging Populations

    Open Access•Sora Lee, Woojin Kang•ARTICLE•Social Sciences•2024•References: 6

    In this study, we employ ‘hidden workers’ as a key concept to integrate the three vulnerable subgroups of aging workers: underemployed, unemployed, and discouraged workers. (1) Background: The challenges faced by underemployed, unemployed, and discouraged workers in the older population are complex. It would be beneficial to visualize the intellectual landscape of these three distinct groups in aging populations to understand which aspects have b…

  • What Contributes to the Gender Gap? A Blinder-Oaxaca Decomposition Analysis of Hidden Workers in Australia

    Open Access•Sora Lee, Woojin Kang•ARTICLE•Social Sciences•2024•Cited by: 2•References: 42

    1) Hidden workers include those who are unemployed or underemployed or discouraged workers. This study analyses the probabilities of becoming a hidden worker between males and females in three age groups (youth, young adults, and mid-life) and identifies the extent to which these factors explain the gender gap among hidden workers in Australia. (2) Using the Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition approach, this study aims to contribute to the discussion by…

  • Beyond Hours

    Open Access•Sora Lee, Woojin Kang•ARTICLE•Social Sciences•2025•References: 4

    Underemployment in Australia represents a critical facet of precarious work, shaped not only by insufficient hours and skill underutilisation but also by care responsibilities and financial insecurity. Using data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey, this study employed latent class analysis (LCA), a person-centred, model-based clustering method, to uncover hidden subgroups within the underemployed population…

  • Unveiling the Hidden Workers in Australia

    Open Access•Sora Lee, Woojin Kang et al.•ARTICLE•Social Sciences•2025•Cited by: 2•References: 33

    The pattern of labour underutilisation is complex and multifaceted, but research has been focused on unemployment. To explore socio-economic demographics of other forms of labour underutilisation, this study investigates the concept of 'hidden workers' using the latest data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) study. Hidden workers are composed of three categories, namely those who are unemployed but actively seekin…

  • Labour Market Detachment and Social Disconnection in Later Working Life

    Open Access•Drew Eleanor Meehan, Sora Lee•ARTICLE•Social Sciences•2026

    Social disconnection, encompassing both loneliness and social isolation, is increasingly recognised as an important public health concern. While employment provides opportunities for social participation and role engagement, less is known about how different forms of labour market detachment relate to subjective and objective dimensions of social connection in later working life. This study examined the association between labour force attachment…

  • Hidden workers and the politics of care

    Open Access•Sora Lee, Lu Yang•ARTICLE•Critical Public Health•2026

    Welfare-to-work policies increasingly mobilise health and wellbeing to justify activation and compliance, particularly for single parents. Existing research shows that such regimes often individualise unemployment and caregiving, obscuring structural barriers linked to poverty, gendered care labour, and trauma. In Australia, the ParentsNext program became a focal point for these debates prior to its abolition in 2024. This study examines how heal…

  • Hidden in the Labour Market

    Open Access•Sora Lee, Woojin Kang•ARTICLE•Australian Journal of Social Issues•2026•References: 14

    This study employs an intersectionality‐informed latent class analysis (LCA) to examine the hidden diversity of discouraged workers in Australia. Drawing on nationally representative data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia Survey, we identified six empirically distinct subgroups defined by intersecting demographic and structural characteristics. Class 1 consisted of older educated married men with moderate health issues, …

Economics (7 works) · Employment and Welfare Studies (6 works) · Medicine (4 works) · Economic growth (3 works) · Law (3 works) · Political science (3 works) · Psychology (3 works) · Retirement, Disability, and Employment (3 works) · Work-Family Balance Challenges (3 works) · 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak (2 works)

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