Stephen Roll
Biographic Data
| ID | 3936464 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Stephen Roll |
| GIVEN NAMES | Stephen |
| FAMILY NAME | Roll |
| SIGNATURE | ROLL S |
| AFFILIATIONS | Social Policy Institute, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 13 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 7 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 13 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2021 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 1 |
Disparities in economic hardships among immigrant households during Covid-19
Safety Net(works)
Informal financial support networks can potentially mitigate hardships associated with income loss. This study examines patterns of informal financial support receipt during the COVID-19 pandemic and explores how such support may have mitigated hardships due to pandemic-related job or income loss. Using a national sample of U.S. adults (n = 3874) who completed a survey during the first year of the pandemic, we descriptively examine patterns in in…
Staying Afloat
While previous research has examined usage patterns and impacts of the expanded U.S. Child Tax Credit (CTC), less is known about how families raising children with disabilities responded to the CTC. While it is well-established that these families face greater financial constraints than other families, their utilization of such public programs remains underexplored. Using a novel, two-wave probability-based panel survey of more than 1,700 CTC rec…
A place-based spatial analysis of racial inequities in overdose in St. Louis County Missouri, United States
These findings suggest that places of worship, the hospitality industry, and housing authorities may be physical features of the environment that reflect social conditions that are conducive to overdose. The scaling up of harm reduction strategies could be enhanced by targeting places where features are co-located
Which Side (of the Balance Sheet) Are You On? Household Financial Resources and Participation in the 2020 Protests
The summer of 2020 was marked by widespread protests. Though research has often examined the predictors of protest participation, there exists little work examining the relationship between different types of wealth and protesting. Drawing on resource-based theories of protest participation and asset-based theories of civic engagement, we constructed regression models disentangling relationships between income, liquid assets, investment assets, h…
How Would Americans Respond to Direct Cash Transfers? Results from Two Survey Experiments
Universal basic income has gained renewed interest among policy makers and researchers in the United States. Although research indicates that unconditional cash transfers produce diverse benefits for households, public support lags in part because of predicted unemployment and frivolous spending. To understand how Americans would reorganize their lives around unconditional cash transfers, this article examines the relationship between the structu…
Student Debt Forgiveness and Economic Stability, Social Mobility, and Quality-of-Life Decisions
As policymakers grapple with whether or not to forgive student debt, for who, and how much, it is important to explore how student debt forgiveness would relate to intended household decisions and behaviors. We conducted a survey experiment that asked participants with student debt to imagine a scenario in which the federal government forgave a certain amount of student debt. We then had these participants report on how this would affect their de…
The Precarity of Self-Employment among Low- and Moderate-Income Households
Many people in the United States have achieved economic stability through self-employment and are often seen as embracing the entrepreneurial spirit and seizing opportunity. Yet, research also suggests that self-employment may be precarious for many people in the lower socioeconomic strata. Drawing on a unique dataset that combines longitudinal survey data with administrative tax data for a sample of low- and moderate-income (LMI) workers, we bri…
Who Protests, What Do They Protest, and Why?
We examine individuals' decision to attend Black Lives Matter protests and demonstrations calling for less stringent public health measures to combat COVID-19 (e.g., for swifter reopening of businesses). Our analysis is facilitated by a unique staggered panel data set originally constructed to study the socioeconomic impacts of COVID-19. A wave of data collected in the summer of 2020 was expanded to capture details about protest attendance, polit…
At Home and on the Brink
Though the COVID-19 pandemic required significant changes and adaptations for most Americans, parents faced acute challenges as they had to navigate rapidly changing schooling and child care policies requiring their children to spend more time at home. This study examines the effects of COVID-19 school and workplace policies as well as environmental and economic characteristics on parental mental health, worry, hopelessness, and anxiety. Using da…
How Did School Meal Access Change during the Covid-19 Pandemic? A Two-Step Floating Catchment Area Analysis of a Large Metropolitan Area
SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) resulted in school closures and contingencies across the U.S. that limited access to school meals for students. While some schools attempted to provide alternative meal access points where students or parents could pick up meals, many students-especially those in low-income households-lacked adequate transportation to these access points. Thus, physical proximity to meal access points was particularly important during the pa…
Crashing without a Parachute
The burden of the COVID-19 pandemic has not been shouldered equally by American families. Black and Hispanic communities have been hit the hardest, with the pandemic often exacerbating existing disparities. Using nationally representative data, we assess the economic and public health effects of the pandemic among different socioeconomic groups and whether typical sources of protection from economic insecurity are uniformly protective across the …
Do Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Savings and Job Loss during Covid-19 Explain Disparities in Housing Hardships? A Moderated Mediation Analysis
Despite the array of public programs offered to help households mitigate the economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, many still needed to rely on savings, credit, or other assets to make ends meet. This reality may exacerbate existing social and economic inequities because racial and ethnic minorities often have lower access to assets and credit than white households. We use longitudinal national survey data to explore the extent to which diff…
The Precarity of Self-Employment among Low- and Moderate-Income Households
Many people in the United States have achieved economic stability through self-employment and are often seen as embracing the entrepreneurial spirit and seizing opportunity. Yet, research also suggests that self-employment may be precarious for many people in the lower socioeconomic strata. Drawing on a unique dataset that combines longitudinal survey data with administrative tax data for a sample of low- and moderate-income (LMI) workers, we bri…
How Would Americans Respond to Direct Cash Transfers? Results from Two Survey Experiments
Universal basic income has gained renewed interest among policy makers and researchers in the United States. Although research indicates that unconditional cash transfers produce diverse benefits for households, public support lags in part because of predicted unemployment and frivolous spending. To understand how Americans would reorganize their lives around unconditional cash transfers, this article examines the relationship between the structu…
Student Debt Forgiveness and Economic Stability, Social Mobility, and Quality-of-Life Decisions
As policymakers grapple with whether or not to forgive student debt, for who, and how much, it is important to explore how student debt forgiveness would relate to intended household decisions and behaviors. We conducted a survey experiment that asked participants with student debt to imagine a scenario in which the federal government forgave a certain amount of student debt. We then had these participants report on how this would affect their de…
Crashing without a Parachute
The burden of the COVID-19 pandemic has not been shouldered equally by American families. Black and Hispanic communities have been hit the hardest, with the pandemic often exacerbating existing disparities. Using nationally representative data, we assess the economic and public health effects of the pandemic among different socioeconomic groups and whether typical sources of protection from economic insecurity are uniformly protective across the …
Do Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Savings and Job Loss during Covid-19 Explain Disparities in Housing Hardships? A Moderated Mediation Analysis
Despite the array of public programs offered to help households mitigate the economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, many still needed to rely on savings, credit, or other assets to make ends meet. This reality may exacerbate existing social and economic inequities because racial and ethnic minorities often have lower access to assets and credit than white households. We use longitudinal national survey data to explore the extent to which diff…
How Did School Meal Access Change during the Covid-19 Pandemic? A Two-Step Floating Catchment Area Analysis of a Large Metropolitan Area
SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) resulted in school closures and contingencies across the U.S. that limited access to school meals for students. While some schools attempted to provide alternative meal access points where students or parents could pick up meals, many students-especially those in low-income households-lacked adequate transportation to these access points. Thus, physical proximity to meal access points was particularly important during the pa…
Crashing without a Parachute
The burden of the COVID-19 pandemic has not been shouldered equally by American families. Black and Hispanic communities have been hit the hardest, with the pandemic often exacerbating existing disparities. Using nationally representative data, we assess the economic and public health effects of the pandemic among different socioeconomic groups and whether typical sources of protection from economic insecurity are uniformly protective across the …
Do Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Savings and Job Loss during Covid-19 Explain Disparities in Housing Hardships? A Moderated Mediation Analysis
Despite the array of public programs offered to help households mitigate the economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, many still needed to rely on savings, credit, or other assets to make ends meet. This reality may exacerbate existing social and economic inequities because racial and ethnic minorities often have lower access to assets and credit than white households. We use longitudinal national survey data to explore the extent to which diff…
Who Protests, What Do They Protest, and Why?
We examine individuals' decision to attend Black Lives Matter protests and demonstrations calling for less stringent public health measures to combat COVID-19 (e.g., for swifter reopening of businesses). Our analysis is facilitated by a unique staggered panel data set originally constructed to study the socioeconomic impacts of COVID-19. A wave of data collected in the summer of 2020 was expanded to capture details about protest attendance, polit…
At Home and on the Brink
Though the COVID-19 pandemic required significant changes and adaptations for most Americans, parents faced acute challenges as they had to navigate rapidly changing schooling and child care policies requiring their children to spend more time at home. This study examines the effects of COVID-19 school and workplace policies as well as environmental and economic characteristics on parental mental health, worry, hopelessness, and anxiety. Using da…
How Would Americans Respond to Direct Cash Transfers? Results from Two Survey Experiments
Universal basic income has gained renewed interest among policy makers and researchers in the United States. Although research indicates that unconditional cash transfers produce diverse benefits for households, public support lags in part because of predicted unemployment and frivolous spending. To understand how Americans would reorganize their lives around unconditional cash transfers, this article examines the relationship between the structu…
Student Debt Forgiveness and Economic Stability, Social Mobility, and Quality-of-Life Decisions
As policymakers grapple with whether or not to forgive student debt, for who, and how much, it is important to explore how student debt forgiveness would relate to intended household decisions and behaviors. We conducted a survey experiment that asked participants with student debt to imagine a scenario in which the federal government forgave a certain amount of student debt. We then had these participants report on how this would affect their de…
The Precarity of Self-Employment among Low- and Moderate-Income Households
Many people in the United States have achieved economic stability through self-employment and are often seen as embracing the entrepreneurial spirit and seizing opportunity. Yet, research also suggests that self-employment may be precarious for many people in the lower socioeconomic strata. Drawing on a unique dataset that combines longitudinal survey data with administrative tax data for a sample of low- and moderate-income (LMI) workers, we bri…
A place-based spatial analysis of racial inequities in overdose in St. Louis County Missouri, United States
These findings suggest that places of worship, the hospitality industry, and housing authorities may be physical features of the environment that reflect social conditions that are conducive to overdose. The scaling up of harm reduction strategies could be enhanced by targeting places where features are co-located
Which Side (of the Balance Sheet) Are You On? Household Financial Resources and Participation in the 2020 Protests
The summer of 2020 was marked by widespread protests. Though research has often examined the predictors of protest participation, there exists little work examining the relationship between different types of wealth and protesting. Drawing on resource-based theories of protest participation and asset-based theories of civic engagement, we constructed regression models disentangling relationships between income, liquid assets, investment assets, h…
Staying Afloat
While previous research has examined usage patterns and impacts of the expanded U.S. Child Tax Credit (CTC), less is known about how families raising children with disabilities responded to the CTC. While it is well-established that these families face greater financial constraints than other families, their utilization of such public programs remains underexplored. Using a novel, two-wave probability-based panel survey of more than 1,700 CTC rec…
Disparities in economic hardships among immigrant households during Covid-19
Safety Net(works)
Informal financial support networks can potentially mitigate hardships associated with income loss. This study examines patterns of informal financial support receipt during the COVID-19 pandemic and explores how such support may have mitigated hardships due to pandemic-related job or income loss. Using a national sample of U.S. adults (n = 3874) who completed a survey during the first year of the pandemic, we descriptively examine patterns in in…
Economics (6 works) · Political science (6 works) · Demographic economics (5 works) · Medicine (5 works) · Pandemic (5 works) · Sociology (5 works) · Business (4 works) · Economic growth (4 works) · Employment and Welfare Studies (4 works) · Financial Literacy, Pension, Retirement Analysis (4 works)