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Jichan Kim

Biographic Data

ID3937121
NAMEJichan Kim
GIVEN NAMESJichan
FAMILY NAMEKim
SIGNATUREKIM J
AFFILIATIONSLiberty University
ORCID0000-0002-3342-3793
VERIFIEDYes
TOTAL WORKS19
TOTAL CITATIONS3
AUTHOR COUNT19
EDITOR COUNT0
FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR2014
LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR2026
H-INDEX1
  • Validating enright forgiveness motivation inventory (Efmi)

    Open Access•Yan Li, Jichan Kim et al.•ARTICLE•Current Psychology•2026

    Forgiveness is a moral virtue practiced in the context of another’s wrongdoing. As a moral virtue, it develops and flows out for the good of the offender. The literature suggests that there are varying motivations that prompt individuals to consider forgiveness. Nevertheless, while there are several measures of forgiveness that target the outcomes of forgiveness, few measures assess the specific motivations for people to offer forgiveness. The pu…

  • Religious Intellectual Humility, Empathy, and Forgiveness Among Christians: A Longitudinal Investigation

    Open Access•Virginia G Cramer, Jichan Kim•ARTICLE•Journal of Psychology and Theology•2026

    In the past decade, the role of humility and empathy in promoting forgiveness of interpersonal hurts has been increasingly highlighted in the literature. The present study aimed to replicate and extend the study conducted by Kim et al. investigating the humility-empathy-forgiveness link by using a longitudinal design. One hundred and thirty-nine participants were recruited from a large Christian university and completed a series of measures of re…

  • The Moderating Roles of Forgiveness and Blaming Others in the Relationship Between Shame-Proneness and Depression for Adults

    Open Access•Bonnie L McKinney, Louis Alvey et al.•ARTICLE•Psychological Reports•2026

    Recent research has identified that shame can contribute to depressive symptomology. Considering the harmful effects of clinical and subclinical depression on emotional well-being and long-term health, it is critical to consider protective factors. Thus, the purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between shame-proneness and depression, exploring the moderating roles of forgiveness and blaming others. In a sample of 1,275 adults (age…

  • Exploring the Associations Between Hexaco Personality Factors and the Perceptions of Self, Victim, and Divine Forgiveness: Do Hexaco Personality Factors Uniquely Explain Different Types of Forgiveness

    Open Access•Jichan Kim, Hermann Vollmer et al.•ARTICLE•Psychological Reports•2025

    We are often encouraged to seek and grant forgiveness because it transcends into the intrapersonal, interpersonal, and spiritual realms. While the health and psychological benefits of forgiveness have been extensively studied, other types of forgiveness, namely, self, victim, and divine forgiveness have not been examined as thoroughly. This study explored whether HEXACO personality factors are associated with the perceptions of self, victim, and …

  • Forgiveness Education from an Aristotelian Realist Perspective: Can We Determine a Good Forgiveness Education Program

    Open Access•Jichan Kim, Robert D Enright•ARTICLE•Education Sciences•2024

    If there is no Essence of forgiveness that cuts across many religious and philosophical traditions, forgiveness psychology becomes a cultural product with no implications beyond our confined time and space. In this article, we discuss forgiveness as a moral virtue from an Aristotelian realist perspective. We first attempt to define the Essence of forgiveness that centers on beneficence that develops within and flows to others for their good. We a…

  • A divine connection: Exploring the role of divine forgiveness in self-forgiveness and self-hatred among Christian college students

    Jichan J Kim, Jichan Kim et al.•ARTICLE•Mental Health Religion & Culture•2024

    When we violate a sense of justice, we feel guilty and ashamed, which may result in increases in self-hatred SH. Both divine forgiveness (DF) and self-forgiveness (SF) may alleviate such hatred toward the self. DF is especially an important concept for Christians. Therefore, we examined SH in relation to forgiveness in the context of one’s wrongdoing by recruiting participants from a Christian university. Findings supported the associations betwe…

  • Validating the Enright Self-Forgiveness Inventory (Esfi)

    Open Access•Jichan Kim, Fred Volk et al.•ARTICLE•Current Psychology•2022

  • Neglected side of romantic relationships among college students: Breakup initiators are at risk for depression

    Open Access•Mehdi Akbari, Jichan J Kim et al.•ARTICLE•Family Relations•2022

  • Compassionate love and dispositional forgiveness: Does compassionate love predict dispositional forgiveness

    Jichan Kim, Robert D Enright et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Spirituality in Mental…•2022

    Despite the conceptual link between love and forgiveness, empirical evidence for the relationship between the two is scarce. Also, controversy exists surrounding the use of a self-evaluated forgiveness tendency as a measure of dispositional forgiveness. One hundred adults filled out an online survey to provide the data for this study. Compassionate love, commitment to forgiveness, and valuing forgiveness were moderately associated with dispositio…

  • The Development of Forgiveness and Other-Focused Love

    Open Access•Jiahe Wang Xu, Jichan Kim et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Psychology and Theology•2022

    This article explores the development of forgiveness and other-focused love and examines the role of spirituality in the relationship between forgiveness and love: (a) Do forgiveness and love develop together? (b) Does love or forgiveness predict the other at a later time? (c) Does one’s spirituality moderate the relationship between forgiveness and love? A total of 47 participants from a large Christian university in Central Virginia filled out …

  • The Interplay between Divine, Victim, and Self-forgiveness: The Relationship between Three Types of Forgiveness and Psychological Outcomes

    Open Access•Jichan Kim, Lemuel J C Ragasajo et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Psychology and Theology•2022

    It is conceivable that one’s level of self-forgiveness is likely to be influenced by the extent to which one feels forgiven by God. Also, self-forgiveness, especially when the self-offense involves wronging another, is likely to be influenced by the extent to which one feels forgiven by the victim. Therefore, this study was aimed at simultaneously examining the interplay between divine, victim, and self-forgiveness as well as their effects on psy…

  • Motivations for Forgiving an Offender with Practical Implications for Those in the Helping Professions: A Qualitative Study

    Open Access•Jichan Kim, Eunjin L Tracy et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Religion and Health•2022

  • Indirect Effects of Forgiveness on Psychological Health Through Anger and Hope: A Parallel Mediation Analysis

    Open Access•Jichan Kim, Erika S Payne et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Religion and Health•2022

  • Differing views on forgiveness: How do graduate-level theology students in South Korea perceive divine and human forgiveness

    Jichan Kim, Robert D Enright•ARTICLE•Journal of Spirituality in Mental…•2021

    How do graduate-level theology students in Korea perceive human and divine forgiveness? Are there certain aspects of forgiveness that they see as more different than other aspects because of their theological and cultural assumptions of human and divine forgiveness? Theology students from two Protestant divinity programs in South Korea showed higher endorsements for abandoning a desire for revenge, developing goodwill toward the offender, and res…

  • Comparing Compassionate Love and Empathy as Predictors of Transgression-General and Transgression-Specific Forgiveness

    Open Access•Jichan Kim, Hannah Marie Kaplan et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Psychology and Theology•2021

    For Christians, forgiveness is exhibiting Christlike love even when it seems impossible for the amount pain that the other has caused in the forgiver. However, empirical studies on the relationships between other-focused love and forgiveness are scarce. In this study, we explored the relationships between other-focused love, empathy, and forgiveness among Christian college students. Using the data from 263 students from a large private Christian …

  • Cascading effects of childhood abuse on physical health issues in later adulthood through trait anxiety and poor daily sleep quality

    Open Access•Eunjin L Tracy, Cory T Tracy et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Health Psychology•2021•References: 18

    The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating roles of trait anxiety and daily sleep quality between childhood abuse and physical health issues later in adulthood by utilizing the Midlife in the United States Study ( n = 281; Mage = 56.38 in wave 2 and Mage = 62.57 in wave 3). Individuals who reported a higher level of childhood abuse reported a higher level of trait anxiety and a lower level of daily sleep quality, leading to an inc…

  • An addition to peace education: Toward the process of a just and merciful community in schools

    Lai Yin Wong, Linghua Jiang et al.•ARTICLE•Peace and Conflict Journal of…•2020•Cited by: 2

  • Forgiveness Postvention with a Survivor of Suicide Following a Loved One Suicide: A Case Study

    Open Access•Eunjin Lee, Robert D Enright et al.•ARTICLE•Social Sciences•2015•Cited by: 1•References: 2

    This study aimed to examine the process of the changes that one survivor of suicide following a loved one’s suicide experienced during the postvention. We first describe our rationale for using a forgiveness postvention, as well as the details of the postvention; then, we describe findings from a case study focusing on the key postvention moments identified through the single case postvention. Implications, limitations, and future directions are …

  • A Theological and Psychological Defense of Self-Forgiveness: Implications for Counseling

    Open Access•Jichan Kim, Robert D Enright•ARTICLE•Journal of Psychology and Theology•2014

    In the burgeoning literature of forgiveness, self-forgiveness is an aspect that has not received as much attention as other areas of research on forgiveness. Self-forgiveness is important in dealing with negative feelings toward the self when one violates the conscience. However, because criticisms have emerged against this construct, we attempt a theological and psychological defense of self-forgiveness by addressing following four questions: (a…

  • An addition to peace education: Toward the process of a just and merciful community in schools

    Lai Yin Wong, Linghua Jiang et al.•ARTICLE•Peace and Conflict Journal of…•2020•Cited by: 2

  • Forgiveness Postvention with a Survivor of Suicide Following a Loved One Suicide: A Case Study

    Open Access•Eunjin Lee, Robert D Enright et al.•ARTICLE•Social Sciences•2015•Cited by: 1•References: 2

    This study aimed to examine the process of the changes that one survivor of suicide following a loved one’s suicide experienced during the postvention. We first describe our rationale for using a forgiveness postvention, as well as the details of the postvention; then, we describe findings from a case study focusing on the key postvention moments identified through the single case postvention. Implications, limitations, and future directions are …

  • A Theological and Psychological Defense of Self-Forgiveness: Implications for Counseling

    Open Access•Jichan Kim, Robert D Enright•ARTICLE•Journal of Psychology and Theology•2014

    In the burgeoning literature of forgiveness, self-forgiveness is an aspect that has not received as much attention as other areas of research on forgiveness. Self-forgiveness is important in dealing with negative feelings toward the self when one violates the conscience. However, because criticisms have emerged against this construct, we attempt a theological and psychological defense of self-forgiveness by addressing following four questions: (a…

  • Forgiveness Postvention with a Survivor of Suicide Following a Loved One Suicide: A Case Study

    Open Access•Eunjin Lee, Robert D Enright et al.•ARTICLE•Social Sciences•2015•Cited by: 1•References: 2

    This study aimed to examine the process of the changes that one survivor of suicide following a loved one’s suicide experienced during the postvention. We first describe our rationale for using a forgiveness postvention, as well as the details of the postvention; then, we describe findings from a case study focusing on the key postvention moments identified through the single case postvention. Implications, limitations, and future directions are …

  • An addition to peace education: Toward the process of a just and merciful community in schools

    Lai Yin Wong, Linghua Jiang et al.•ARTICLE•Peace and Conflict Journal of…•2020•Cited by: 2

  • Differing views on forgiveness: How do graduate-level theology students in South Korea perceive divine and human forgiveness

    Jichan Kim, Robert D Enright•ARTICLE•Journal of Spirituality in Mental…•2021

    How do graduate-level theology students in Korea perceive human and divine forgiveness? Are there certain aspects of forgiveness that they see as more different than other aspects because of their theological and cultural assumptions of human and divine forgiveness? Theology students from two Protestant divinity programs in South Korea showed higher endorsements for abandoning a desire for revenge, developing goodwill toward the offender, and res…

  • Comparing Compassionate Love and Empathy as Predictors of Transgression-General and Transgression-Specific Forgiveness

    Open Access•Jichan Kim, Hannah Marie Kaplan et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Psychology and Theology•2021

    For Christians, forgiveness is exhibiting Christlike love even when it seems impossible for the amount pain that the other has caused in the forgiver. However, empirical studies on the relationships between other-focused love and forgiveness are scarce. In this study, we explored the relationships between other-focused love, empathy, and forgiveness among Christian college students. Using the data from 263 students from a large private Christian …

  • Cascading effects of childhood abuse on physical health issues in later adulthood through trait anxiety and poor daily sleep quality

    Open Access•Eunjin L Tracy, Cory T Tracy et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Health Psychology•2021•References: 18

    The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating roles of trait anxiety and daily sleep quality between childhood abuse and physical health issues later in adulthood by utilizing the Midlife in the United States Study ( n = 281; Mage = 56.38 in wave 2 and Mage = 62.57 in wave 3). Individuals who reported a higher level of childhood abuse reported a higher level of trait anxiety and a lower level of daily sleep quality, leading to an inc…

  • Validating the Enright Self-Forgiveness Inventory (Esfi)

    Open Access•Jichan Kim, Fred Volk et al.•ARTICLE•Current Psychology•2022

  • Neglected side of romantic relationships among college students: Breakup initiators are at risk for depression

    Open Access•Mehdi Akbari, Jichan J Kim et al.•ARTICLE•Family Relations•2022

  • Compassionate love and dispositional forgiveness: Does compassionate love predict dispositional forgiveness

    Jichan Kim, Robert D Enright et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Spirituality in Mental…•2022

    Despite the conceptual link between love and forgiveness, empirical evidence for the relationship between the two is scarce. Also, controversy exists surrounding the use of a self-evaluated forgiveness tendency as a measure of dispositional forgiveness. One hundred adults filled out an online survey to provide the data for this study. Compassionate love, commitment to forgiveness, and valuing forgiveness were moderately associated with dispositio…

  • The Development of Forgiveness and Other-Focused Love

    Open Access•Jiahe Wang Xu, Jichan Kim et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Psychology and Theology•2022

    This article explores the development of forgiveness and other-focused love and examines the role of spirituality in the relationship between forgiveness and love: (a) Do forgiveness and love develop together? (b) Does love or forgiveness predict the other at a later time? (c) Does one’s spirituality moderate the relationship between forgiveness and love? A total of 47 participants from a large Christian university in Central Virginia filled out …

  • The Interplay between Divine, Victim, and Self-forgiveness: The Relationship between Three Types of Forgiveness and Psychological Outcomes

    Open Access•Jichan Kim, Lemuel J C Ragasajo et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Psychology and Theology•2022

    It is conceivable that one’s level of self-forgiveness is likely to be influenced by the extent to which one feels forgiven by God. Also, self-forgiveness, especially when the self-offense involves wronging another, is likely to be influenced by the extent to which one feels forgiven by the victim. Therefore, this study was aimed at simultaneously examining the interplay between divine, victim, and self-forgiveness as well as their effects on psy…

  • Motivations for Forgiving an Offender with Practical Implications for Those in the Helping Professions: A Qualitative Study

    Open Access•Jichan Kim, Eunjin L Tracy et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Religion and Health•2022

  • Indirect Effects of Forgiveness on Psychological Health Through Anger and Hope: A Parallel Mediation Analysis

    Open Access•Jichan Kim, Erika S Payne et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Religion and Health•2022

  • Forgiveness Education from an Aristotelian Realist Perspective: Can We Determine a Good Forgiveness Education Program

    Open Access•Jichan Kim, Robert D Enright•ARTICLE•Education Sciences•2024

    If there is no Essence of forgiveness that cuts across many religious and philosophical traditions, forgiveness psychology becomes a cultural product with no implications beyond our confined time and space. In this article, we discuss forgiveness as a moral virtue from an Aristotelian realist perspective. We first attempt to define the Essence of forgiveness that centers on beneficence that develops within and flows to others for their good. We a…

  • A divine connection: Exploring the role of divine forgiveness in self-forgiveness and self-hatred among Christian college students

    Jichan J Kim, Jichan Kim et al.•ARTICLE•Mental Health Religion & Culture•2024

    When we violate a sense of justice, we feel guilty and ashamed, which may result in increases in self-hatred SH. Both divine forgiveness (DF) and self-forgiveness (SF) may alleviate such hatred toward the self. DF is especially an important concept for Christians. Therefore, we examined SH in relation to forgiveness in the context of one’s wrongdoing by recruiting participants from a Christian university. Findings supported the associations betwe…

  • Exploring the Associations Between Hexaco Personality Factors and the Perceptions of Self, Victim, and Divine Forgiveness: Do Hexaco Personality Factors Uniquely Explain Different Types of Forgiveness

    Open Access•Jichan Kim, Hermann Vollmer et al.•ARTICLE•Psychological Reports•2025

    We are often encouraged to seek and grant forgiveness because it transcends into the intrapersonal, interpersonal, and spiritual realms. While the health and psychological benefits of forgiveness have been extensively studied, other types of forgiveness, namely, self, victim, and divine forgiveness have not been examined as thoroughly. This study explored whether HEXACO personality factors are associated with the perceptions of self, victim, and …

  • Validating enright forgiveness motivation inventory (Efmi)

    Open Access•Yan Li, Jichan Kim et al.•ARTICLE•Current Psychology•2026

    Forgiveness is a moral virtue practiced in the context of another’s wrongdoing. As a moral virtue, it develops and flows out for the good of the offender. The literature suggests that there are varying motivations that prompt individuals to consider forgiveness. Nevertheless, while there are several measures of forgiveness that target the outcomes of forgiveness, few measures assess the specific motivations for people to offer forgiveness. The pu…

  • Religious Intellectual Humility, Empathy, and Forgiveness Among Christians: A Longitudinal Investigation

    Open Access•Virginia G Cramer, Jichan Kim•ARTICLE•Journal of Psychology and Theology•2026

    In the past decade, the role of humility and empathy in promoting forgiveness of interpersonal hurts has been increasingly highlighted in the literature. The present study aimed to replicate and extend the study conducted by Kim et al. investigating the humility-empathy-forgiveness link by using a longitudinal design. One hundred and thirty-nine participants were recruited from a large Christian university and completed a series of measures of re…

  • The Moderating Roles of Forgiveness and Blaming Others in the Relationship Between Shame-Proneness and Depression for Adults

    Open Access•Bonnie L McKinney, Louis Alvey et al.•ARTICLE•Psychological Reports•2026

    Recent research has identified that shame can contribute to depressive symptomology. Considering the harmful effects of clinical and subclinical depression on emotional well-being and long-term health, it is critical to consider protective factors. Thus, the purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between shame-proneness and depression, exploring the moderating roles of forgiveness and blaming others. In a sample of 1,275 adults (age…

Forgiveness (17 works) · Forgiveness and Related Behaviors (17 works) · Psychology (16 works) · Social Psychology (13 works) · Grief, Bereavement, and Mental Health (12 works) · Anxiety (4 works) · Emotions and Moral Behavior (4 works) · Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology (4 works) · Sociology (4 works) · Clinical Psychology (3 works)

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