James Mark Shields
Biographic Data
| ID | 3942646 |
|---|---|
| NAME | James Mark Shields |
| GIVEN NAMES | James Mark |
| FAMILY NAME | Shields |
| SIGNATURE | SHIELDS J M |
| AFFILIATIONS | Bucknell University |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 16 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 1 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 10 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 6 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1999 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2018 |
| H-INDEX | 1 |
Buddhist Environmental Ethics
Global pressures on human–environment systems are higher than ever before in human history, generating broad ethical engagement in many quarters. Citizen calls for moral response from world religious and political leaders have grown more urgent as pressures mount. Buddhist philosophy contains a wealth of insight and moral guidance regarding human–environment relations, offering a promising avenue for ethical response. This chapter reviews work to…
East Asian Buddhist Ethics
Buddhism was transmitted to China around the beginning of the Common Era and from there spread to the other societies in East Asia. The Mahāyāna tradition eventually became embedded in the ordinary life of those societies, closely intertwined with Confucian and Daoist ethics. Popular Buddhist ethics were basically utilitarian, a means to produce desirable consequences. In the twentieth century, reformers like Taixu (1890–1947) tried to purify thi…
Ethics in Pure Land Schools
The exclusivist strand of Pure Land Buddhism that developed in China and took strong root in Japan stresses the inability of human beings to bring about their own liberation from the effects of karma through their own ethical practice, and instead views reliance on the working of Amitābha as the only possible path to liberation. Because of its denial of the efficacy of ethical action as a cause of Buddhahood throughout its history, this tradition…
Ethics in Zen
Ethics in Zen feature core components of broader Buddhist ethics: precepts, monastic codes, compassion, skill in means, and the bodhisattva ideal. Zen approaches to practice and awakening as well as such influences as Confucianism have coloured how Zen thinkers in East Asia have interpreted and practised these components. As a result, such constructs as the Five Precepts play a role in traditional Zen that differs from how they have functioned in…
The Oxford Handbook of Buddhist Ethics
In the past twenty years, the sub-discipline of Buddhist ethics has expanded in terms of the breadth of methodological perspective and depth of inquiry. Scholars have used Buddhist resources to analyse a number of contemporary controversies, including human rights, women’s rights, animal rights, sexuality, war, terrorism, violence, social, economic and retributive justice, as well as various issues of concern to biomedical and environmental ethic…
Buddhism and Sexuality
In surveying the discursive landscape of ancient, classical, and medieval Indo-Tibetan Buddhist sexual ethics, this chapter takes a Foucauldian approach that holds Buddhist sexual norms and ideals to be an evolving discourse productive of a wide variety of sexual persons. It focuses on the manner in which Buddhist sexual ethics foster states of self rather than Buddhist ethics as a universally applicable set of moral obligations. Topics considere…
Oxford Handbook of Buddhist Ethics
A comprehensive overview of the study of Buddhist ethics in the twenty-first century
Conclusion
The Conclusion examines the various theoretical and practical problems of the accommodation between Buddhism and Marxism, in particular the convergence of Japanese Buddhist ethics with philosophical and historical materialism, through an analysis of some the theoretical writings of figures discussed in the preceding chapters. This convergence is situated within the context of notable political shifts and events—namely, World War II and the devast…
Prelude
This Prelude to Chapters One through to Six introduces the story of three generations of the Akamatsu family, whose tri-generational patriline illustrates well the changes which shaped institutional and lay Buddhism in the five decades from the Buddhist Enlightenment through the beginning of the Asia Pacific War.
Against Harmony
Against Harmony traces the history of progressive and radical experiments in Japanese Buddhist thought and practice from the mid-Meiji period through the early Shōwa period (1885–1935), when historical events coalesced to eliminate all such experiments. It is a work of both intellectual history and of critical, comparative thought. Perhaps the two best representations of progressive Buddhism during this period were the New Buddhist Fellowship (18…
Decadent Literature in Twentieth-Century Japan
The past decade has witnessed a cross-disciplinary resurgence of various forms of radical theory. The work of Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri has sought to resuscitate elements of Marxism and communism, David Graeber has argued for an “anarchist anthropology,” while a recent publication by Sho Konishi makes a strong case for understanding Japanese modernity in terms of anarchist theory. This slim volume by Ikuho Amano adds to this list, by provid…
Zen and the Art of Treason
In the early decades of the twentieth century, as Japanese society became engulfed in war and increasing nationalism, the majority of Buddhist leaders and institutions capitulated to the status quo. At the same time, there was a stream of ‘resistance’ among a few Buddhist figures, both priests and laity. These instances of progressive and ‘radical Buddhism’ had roots in late Edo-period peasant revolts, the lingering discourse of early Meiji perio…
Sabotaging the rising sun
A Blueprint for Buddhist Revolution
In the early decades of the twentieth century, as Japanese society became engulfed in war and increasing nationalism, the majority of Buddhist leaders and institutions capitulated to the status quo. One notable exception to this trend, however, was the Shinkō Bukkyō Seinen Dōmei (Youth League for Revitalizing Buddhism), founded on 5 April 1931. Led by Nichiren Buddhist layman Seno’o Girō and made up of young social activists who were critical of …
Beyond Belief
For several centuries, Japanese scholars have argued that their nation's culture-including its language, religion and ways of thinking-is somehow unique. The darker side of this rhetoric, sometimes known by the English term "Japanism" (nihonjinron), played no small role in the nationalist fervor of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. While much of the so-called "ideology of Japanese uniqueness" can be dismissed, in terms of the Jap…
Córdoban Discourses
SETTING: C6rdoba, Spain, 1135 CE, 29th year of the reign of 'Ali "amir al-muslimin," second king of the Berber Almoravid dynasty, rulers of Moorish Spain from 1071 to 1147.Cdrdoba, the capital of Andalus and the center of the Almoravid holdings in Spain, is a bus tling cosmopolitan center, a crossroads for Europe and the Middle East, and the meeting-point of three religious traditions.Most signifi cantly, Cordoba at this time is the hub of Europe…
Beyond Belief
For several centuries, Japanese scholars have argued that their nation's culture-including its language, religion and ways of thinking-is somehow unique. The darker side of this rhetoric, sometimes known by the English term "Japanism" (nihonjinron), played no small role in the nationalist fervor of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. While much of the so-called "ideology of Japanese uniqueness" can be dismissed, in terms of the Jap…
Córdoban Discourses
SETTING: C6rdoba, Spain, 1135 CE, 29th year of the reign of 'Ali "amir al-muslimin," second king of the Berber Almoravid dynasty, rulers of Moorish Spain from 1071 to 1147.Cdrdoba, the capital of Andalus and the center of the Almoravid holdings in Spain, is a bus tling cosmopolitan center, a crossroads for Europe and the Middle East, and the meeting-point of three religious traditions.Most signifi cantly, Cordoba at this time is the hub of Europe…
Beyond Belief
For several centuries, Japanese scholars have argued that their nation's culture-including its language, religion and ways of thinking-is somehow unique. The darker side of this rhetoric, sometimes known by the English term "Japanism" (nihonjinron), played no small role in the nationalist fervor of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. While much of the so-called "ideology of Japanese uniqueness" can be dismissed, in terms of the Jap…
Sabotaging the rising sun
A Blueprint for Buddhist Revolution
In the early decades of the twentieth century, as Japanese society became engulfed in war and increasing nationalism, the majority of Buddhist leaders and institutions capitulated to the status quo. One notable exception to this trend, however, was the Shinkō Bukkyō Seinen Dōmei (Youth League for Revitalizing Buddhism), founded on 5 April 1931. Led by Nichiren Buddhist layman Seno’o Girō and made up of young social activists who were critical of …
Zen and the Art of Treason
In the early decades of the twentieth century, as Japanese society became engulfed in war and increasing nationalism, the majority of Buddhist leaders and institutions capitulated to the status quo. At the same time, there was a stream of ‘resistance’ among a few Buddhist figures, both priests and laity. These instances of progressive and ‘radical Buddhism’ had roots in late Edo-period peasant revolts, the lingering discourse of early Meiji perio…
Conclusion
The Conclusion examines the various theoretical and practical problems of the accommodation between Buddhism and Marxism, in particular the convergence of Japanese Buddhist ethics with philosophical and historical materialism, through an analysis of some the theoretical writings of figures discussed in the preceding chapters. This convergence is situated within the context of notable political shifts and events—namely, World War II and the devast…
Prelude
This Prelude to Chapters One through to Six introduces the story of three generations of the Akamatsu family, whose tri-generational patriline illustrates well the changes which shaped institutional and lay Buddhism in the five decades from the Buddhist Enlightenment through the beginning of the Asia Pacific War.
Against Harmony
Against Harmony traces the history of progressive and radical experiments in Japanese Buddhist thought and practice from the mid-Meiji period through the early Shōwa period (1885–1935), when historical events coalesced to eliminate all such experiments. It is a work of both intellectual history and of critical, comparative thought. Perhaps the two best representations of progressive Buddhism during this period were the New Buddhist Fellowship (18…
Decadent Literature in Twentieth-Century Japan
The past decade has witnessed a cross-disciplinary resurgence of various forms of radical theory. The work of Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri has sought to resuscitate elements of Marxism and communism, David Graeber has argued for an “anarchist anthropology,” while a recent publication by Sho Konishi makes a strong case for understanding Japanese modernity in terms of anarchist theory. This slim volume by Ikuho Amano adds to this list, by provid…
Buddhist Environmental Ethics
Global pressures on human–environment systems are higher than ever before in human history, generating broad ethical engagement in many quarters. Citizen calls for moral response from world religious and political leaders have grown more urgent as pressures mount. Buddhist philosophy contains a wealth of insight and moral guidance regarding human–environment relations, offering a promising avenue for ethical response. This chapter reviews work to…
East Asian Buddhist Ethics
Buddhism was transmitted to China around the beginning of the Common Era and from there spread to the other societies in East Asia. The Mahāyāna tradition eventually became embedded in the ordinary life of those societies, closely intertwined with Confucian and Daoist ethics. Popular Buddhist ethics were basically utilitarian, a means to produce desirable consequences. In the twentieth century, reformers like Taixu (1890–1947) tried to purify thi…
Ethics in Pure Land Schools
The exclusivist strand of Pure Land Buddhism that developed in China and took strong root in Japan stresses the inability of human beings to bring about their own liberation from the effects of karma through their own ethical practice, and instead views reliance on the working of Amitābha as the only possible path to liberation. Because of its denial of the efficacy of ethical action as a cause of Buddhahood throughout its history, this tradition…
Ethics in Zen
Ethics in Zen feature core components of broader Buddhist ethics: precepts, monastic codes, compassion, skill in means, and the bodhisattva ideal. Zen approaches to practice and awakening as well as such influences as Confucianism have coloured how Zen thinkers in East Asia have interpreted and practised these components. As a result, such constructs as the Five Precepts play a role in traditional Zen that differs from how they have functioned in…
The Oxford Handbook of Buddhist Ethics
In the past twenty years, the sub-discipline of Buddhist ethics has expanded in terms of the breadth of methodological perspective and depth of inquiry. Scholars have used Buddhist resources to analyse a number of contemporary controversies, including human rights, women’s rights, animal rights, sexuality, war, terrorism, violence, social, economic and retributive justice, as well as various issues of concern to biomedical and environmental ethic…
Buddhism and Sexuality
In surveying the discursive landscape of ancient, classical, and medieval Indo-Tibetan Buddhist sexual ethics, this chapter takes a Foucauldian approach that holds Buddhist sexual norms and ideals to be an evolving discourse productive of a wide variety of sexual persons. It focuses on the manner in which Buddhist sexual ethics foster states of self rather than Buddhist ethics as a universally applicable set of moral obligations. Topics considere…
Oxford Handbook of Buddhist Ethics
A comprehensive overview of the study of Buddhist ethics in the twenty-first century
Philosophy (12 works) · Buddhism (11 works) · Political science (10 works) · Sociology (10 works) · History (9 works) · Law (9 works) · Chinese history and philosophy (8 works) · Epistemology (7 works) · Politics (7 works) · Theology (7 works)