Sarah-Jane Leslie
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 3974473 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Sarah-Jane Leslie |
| NOMBRES | Sarah-Jane |
| APELLIDO | Leslie |
| FIRMA | LESLIE S |
| AFILIACIONES | Princeton University |
| VERIFICADO | No |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 13 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 87 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 12 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 1 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1971 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 4 |
Maladaptive but malleable
Gender-science stereotypes emerge early in childhood, but little is known about the developmental processes by which they arise. The present study tested the hypothesis that language implying scientists are a special and distinct kind of person contributes to the development of gender-science stereotypes, even when it does not communicate stereotypic content. One cross-sectional and two longitudinal studies with racially and geographically divers…
Does It Matter How We Speak About Social Kinds? A Large, Preregistered, Online Experimental Study of How Language Shapes the Development of Essentialist Beliefs
A problematic way to think about social categories is to essentialize them—to treat particular differences between people as marking fundamentally distinct social kinds. From where do these beliefs arise? Language that expresses generic claims about categories elicits some aspects of essentialism, but the scope of these effects remains unclear. This study (N = 204, ages 4.5–8 years, 73% White; recruited predominantly from the United States and th…
Current Controversies in Philosophy of Cognitive Science
Messages about brilliance undermine women's interest in educational and professional opportunities
Gender stereotypes about intellectual ability emerge early and influence children’s interests
Emergent attitudes toward brilliance The distribution of women and men across academic disciplines seems to be affected by perceptions of intellectual brilliance. Bian et al. studied young children to assess when those differential perceptions emerge. At age 5, children seemed not to differentiate between boys and girls in expectations of “really, really smart”—childhood's version of adult brilliance. But by age 6, girls were prepared to lump mor…
The Original Sin of Cognition
The Mark of the Plural
Albert Memmi once wrote that "the mark of the plural" signals the depersonalization of the colonized: The colonized is never characterized in an individual manner; he is entitled only to drown in an anonymous collectivity. This chapter argues that it is useful to distinguish three types of bare plural generics, which correspond to different ways in which the property that is attributed is related to the relevant kind. First, there are majority ge…
Cultural context shapes essentialist beliefs about religion
The present study investigates the processes by which essentialist beliefs about religious categories develop. Children (ages 5 and 10) and adults (n = 350) from 2 religious groups (Jewish and Christian), with a range of levels of religiosity, completed switched-at-birth tasks in which they were told that a baby had been born to parents of 1 religion but raised by parents of another religion. Results indicated that younger children saw religion-b…
The Frequency of “Brilliant” and “Genius” in Teaching Evaluations Predicts the Representation of Women and African Americans across Fields
Women and African Americans-groups targeted by negative stereotypes about their intellectual abilities-may be underrepresented in careers that prize brilliance and genius. A recent nationwide survey of academics provided initial support for this possibility. Fields whose practitioners believed that natural talent is crucial for success had fewer female and African American PhDs. The present study seeks to replicate this initial finding with a dif…
Memory for generic and quantified sentences in Spanish-speaking children and adults
Generic language ( Owls eat at night ) expresses knowledge about categories and may represent a cognitively default mode of generalization. English-speaking children and adults more accurately recall generic than quantified sentences ( All owls eat at night ) and tend to recall quantified sentences as generic. However, generics in English are shorter than quantified sentences, and may be better recalled for this reason. The present study provided…
Women are underrepresented in fields where success is believed to require brilliance
Women's underrepresentation in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields is a prominent concern in our society and many others. Closer inspection of this phenomenon reveals a more nuanced picture, however, with women achieving parity with men at the Ph.D. level in certain STEM fields, while also being underrepresented in some non-STEM fields. It is important to consider and provide an account of this field-by-field variabili…
Generics
`Ducks lay eggs' is a true sentence, and `ducks are female' is a false one. Similarly, `mosquitoes carry the West Nile virus' is obviously true, whereas `mosquitoes don't carry the West Nile virus' is patently false. This is so despite the egg-laying ducks' being a subset of the female ones and despite the number of mosquitoes that don't carry the virus being ninety-nine times the number that do. Puzzling facts such as these have made generic sen…
Integration and Development in Israel
Journal Article Integration and Development in Israel Get access Integration and Development in Israel. Ed. by S. N. Eisenstadt, Rivkah Bar-Yosef and Chaim Adler. New York, Washington: Praeger; London: Pall Mall. 1970. 703 pp. Bibliog. $20. £6. S. C. Leslie S. C. Leslie Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 47, Issue 4, October 1971, Pages 847–848, https://doi.org/10.2307/2625743 Pu…
Generics
`Ducks lay eggs' is a true sentence, and `ducks are female' is a false one. Similarly, `mosquitoes carry the West Nile virus' is obviously true, whereas `mosquitoes don't carry the West Nile virus' is patently false. This is so despite the egg-laying ducks' being a subset of the female ones and despite the number of mosquitoes that don't carry the virus being ninety-nine times the number that do. Puzzling facts such as these have made generic sen…
Messages about brilliance undermine women's interest in educational and professional opportunities
Integration and Development in Israel
Journal Article Integration and Development in Israel Get access Integration and Development in Israel. Ed. by S. N. Eisenstadt, Rivkah Bar-Yosef and Chaim Adler. New York, Washington: Praeger; London: Pall Mall. 1970. 703 pp. Bibliog. $20. £6. S. C. Leslie S. C. Leslie Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 47, Issue 4, October 1971, Pages 847–848, https://doi.org/10.2307/2625743 Pu…
Cultural context shapes essentialist beliefs about religion
The present study investigates the processes by which essentialist beliefs about religious categories develop. Children (ages 5 and 10) and adults (n = 350) from 2 religious groups (Jewish and Christian), with a range of levels of religiosity, completed switched-at-birth tasks in which they were told that a baby had been born to parents of 1 religion but raised by parents of another religion. Results indicated that younger children saw religion-b…
Integration and Development in Israel
Journal Article Integration and Development in Israel Get access Integration and Development in Israel. Ed. by S. N. Eisenstadt, Rivkah Bar-Yosef and Chaim Adler. New York, Washington: Praeger; London: Pall Mall. 1970. 703 pp. Bibliog. $20. £6. S. C. Leslie S. C. Leslie Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Affairs, Volume 47, Issue 4, October 1971, Pages 847–848, https://doi.org/10.2307/2625743 Pu…
Generics
`Ducks lay eggs' is a true sentence, and `ducks are female' is a false one. Similarly, `mosquitoes carry the West Nile virus' is obviously true, whereas `mosquitoes don't carry the West Nile virus' is patently false. This is so despite the egg-laying ducks' being a subset of the female ones and despite the number of mosquitoes that don't carry the virus being ninety-nine times the number that do. Puzzling facts such as these have made generic sen…
Women are underrepresented in fields where success is believed to require brilliance
Women's underrepresentation in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields is a prominent concern in our society and many others. Closer inspection of this phenomenon reveals a more nuanced picture, however, with women achieving parity with men at the Ph.D. level in certain STEM fields, while also being underrepresented in some non-STEM fields. It is important to consider and provide an account of this field-by-field variabili…
The Frequency of “Brilliant” and “Genius” in Teaching Evaluations Predicts the Representation of Women and African Americans across Fields
Women and African Americans-groups targeted by negative stereotypes about their intellectual abilities-may be underrepresented in careers that prize brilliance and genius. A recent nationwide survey of academics provided initial support for this possibility. Fields whose practitioners believed that natural talent is crucial for success had fewer female and African American PhDs. The present study seeks to replicate this initial finding with a dif…
Memory for generic and quantified sentences in Spanish-speaking children and adults
Generic language ( Owls eat at night ) expresses knowledge about categories and may represent a cognitively default mode of generalization. English-speaking children and adults more accurately recall generic than quantified sentences ( All owls eat at night ) and tend to recall quantified sentences as generic. However, generics in English are shorter than quantified sentences, and may be better recalled for this reason. The present study provided…
Gender stereotypes about intellectual ability emerge early and influence children’s interests
Emergent attitudes toward brilliance The distribution of women and men across academic disciplines seems to be affected by perceptions of intellectual brilliance. Bian et al. studied young children to assess when those differential perceptions emerge. At age 5, children seemed not to differentiate between boys and girls in expectations of “really, really smart”—childhood's version of adult brilliance. But by age 6, girls were prepared to lump mor…
The Original Sin of Cognition
The Mark of the Plural
Albert Memmi once wrote that "the mark of the plural" signals the depersonalization of the colonized: The colonized is never characterized in an individual manner; he is entitled only to drown in an anonymous collectivity. This chapter argues that it is useful to distinguish three types of bare plural generics, which correspond to different ways in which the property that is attributed is related to the relevant kind. First, there are majority ge…
Cultural context shapes essentialist beliefs about religion
The present study investigates the processes by which essentialist beliefs about religious categories develop. Children (ages 5 and 10) and adults (n = 350) from 2 religious groups (Jewish and Christian), with a range of levels of religiosity, completed switched-at-birth tasks in which they were told that a baby had been born to parents of 1 religion but raised by parents of another religion. Results indicated that younger children saw religion-b…
Messages about brilliance undermine women's interest in educational and professional opportunities
Current Controversies in Philosophy of Cognitive Science
Does It Matter How We Speak About Social Kinds? A Large, Preregistered, Online Experimental Study of How Language Shapes the Development of Essentialist Beliefs
A problematic way to think about social categories is to essentialize them—to treat particular differences between people as marking fundamentally distinct social kinds. From where do these beliefs arise? Language that expresses generic claims about categories elicits some aspects of essentialism, but the scope of these effects remains unclear. This study (N = 204, ages 4.5–8 years, 73% White; recruited predominantly from the United States and th…
Maladaptive but malleable
Gender-science stereotypes emerge early in childhood, but little is known about the developmental processes by which they arise. The present study tested the hypothesis that language implying scientists are a special and distinct kind of person contributes to the development of gender-science stereotypes, even when it does not communicate stereotypic content. One cross-sectional and two longitudinal studies with racially and geographically divers…
Psychology (11 obras) · Developmental psychology (6 obras) · Social Psychology (5 obras) · Epistemology (4 obras) · Philosophy (4 obras) · Child and Animal Learning Development (3 obras) · Cognition (3 obras) · Cognitive psychology (3 obras) · Linguistics (3 obras) · Political science (3 obras)