James Whitworth
Biographic Data
| ID | 3994929 |
|---|---|
| NAME | James Whitworth |
| GIVEN NAMES | James |
| FAMILY NAME | Whitworth |
| SIGNATURE | WHITWORTH J |
| AFFILIATIONS | Uganda Virus Research Institute |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-0234-8065 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 22 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 33 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 22 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1996 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2024 |
| H-INDEX | 3 |
Understanding Strategies for Matching Service Dogs to Military Veterans With PTSD
Using a multiple case study design, we sought to understand existing matching strategies used to pair service dogs with US military veterans dealing with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Three different US-based service dog agencies (one large, one midsize, and one small) participated, allowing the principal investigator to conduct in-depth interviews with agency staff and leaders to understand and observe their matching/pairing practices. P…
Attachment-Based Relationship Satisfaction in Deployed and Non-Deployed Military Veterans with Prevalent PTSD, Anxiety, and Depression
After almost two decades of war, unprecedented operational tempos have remained high for the American military. This has left those on the home front (non-deploying veterans) a little behind since scholarship has mostly focused on veterans who have deployed. This study used a voluntary treatment-seeking sample of veterans who have not deployed (n = 49) and veterans who have deployed (n = 68) to address this gap in the literature. This study exami…
Reconceptualizing the U.S. Military’s Transition Assistance Program
This article describes and proposes the Success in Transition Model as a guiding framework for a reconceptualized Transition Assistance Program (TAP) to support U.S. military members as they leave the service. Key groups of veterans have ongoing difficulties adjusting to civilian settings after their time in the service. Even with recent changes, the current TAP has a narrow focus of primarily aiding members to prepare for finding post-military e…
The English Press
BLACK, Jeremy – The English Press: A History. London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2019. Pp. 184 During the summer of 1966, when British Prime Minister Harold Wilson flew to Moscow to take part in peace talks over the Vietnam War and England’s football team won the World Cup, the Beatles claimed another number one record with Paperback Writer. The song’s lyrics mentioned its protagonist’s job on the Daily Mail, then selling around two million copies a da…
Journalism after Snowden
Problem-based Learning Strategies for Teaching Military Social Work Practice Behaviors
This article outlines and evaluates a military social work course as it has been taught by three social work faculty members at two universities in the southeastern US. The authors highlight why these courses are needed within social work undergraduate and graduate programs. They report how CSWE-identified military practice behaviors are addressed within the course. They also describe how practice-based learning approaches appear to be ideally su…
What if they ask how I got it?' Dilemmas of disclosing parental HIV status and testing children for HIV in Uganda
BACKGROUND: Limited research has been conducted outside Western settings on how HIV-positive parents decide to test and disclose their own HIV status to children. We conducted a qualitative study in 2001 and 2005 to assess parent attitudes and current counselling policy and practice regarding child testing and parental disclosure in Uganda prior to the roll-out of antiretroviral therapy. METHODS: Parent perspectives were obtained through extended…
Understanding sexual behaviour change in rural southwest Uganda
Studies report substantial sexual behaviour change in Africa in response to HIV/AIDS. Generally there seems to be an increase in condom use and a reduction in partners, with men reporting more change than women. However, it is not only important to know whether people are changing their sexual behaviour but also their reasons for changing and the consistency and extent of change. Between 1996 and 2000 a study involving 196 respondents was carried…
Money, men and markets
Market trading requires access to cash, independent decision-making, mobility and social interaction. This study sought to explore whether market work empowers women with respect to spending decisions and negotiation over sex and condom-use. A semi-structured questionnaire was administered to 212 market women; and 12 focus group discussions and 52 in-depths interviews were conducted among market women in southwestern Uganda. Market women reported…
Community sex education among adolescents in rural Uganda
Although adolescent girls in Uganda are particularly vulnerable to HIV infection, providing relevant sexual health education to them is problematic. The senga (father's sister), is the traditional channel for socializing adolescent girls into sex and marriage among many ethnic groups in Uganda. This paper discusses the implementation and community acceptability of 'modern' sengas who were trained to provide HIV-related counselling to adolescent g…
Harnessing the senga institution of adolescent sex education for the control of HIV and STDs in rural Uganda
Senga (father's sister) is a traditional channel of communication about sexual behaviour for adolescent females in rural Uganda. We evaluated a modification of this approach as an intervention for HIV and STDs in a pilot study in two intervention villages and one control village over 12 months. Eleven adult women and three adolescent girls were chosen and trained to become sengas. Adolescent girls were encouraged to visit the sengas for sexual he…
Balancing rigour and acceptability
Condom awareness and intended use
A cross-sectional questionnaire survey examining knowledge, attitudes and intended use of condoms was conducted among 1,821 pupils (mean age = 14.2 years, range = 9--24) from 27 primary and secondary schools in rural south western Uganda. Condom education is not provided in Ugandan schools, but both boys and girls had relatively high overall levels of knowledge, even though boys demonstrated a higher level than girls. This suggests that responden…
Traditional sex counselling and STI/HIV prevention among young women in rural Uganda
This study examined the potential of traditional ways of passing on sexual knowledge from adult to younger women (the senga institution) among the Baganda of central Uganda, as a potential tool for STI/HIV prevention today. Traditional and contemporary forms of the institution were studied, and their strengths and weaknesses assessed. Data were collected using qualitative research methods. The senga institution comprises four components: Social r…
Female control of sexuality
Rates of HIV-1 transmission within marriage in rural Uganda in relation to the HIV sero-status of the partners
OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of transmission of HIV-1 within married couples in rural Uganda according to the sero-status of the partners. DESIGN: Estimation of HIV incidence rates for 2200 adults in a population cohort followed for 7 years comparing male-to-female with female-to-male transmission and sero-discordant with concordant sero-negative couples. METHODS: Each year, adults (over 12 years of age) resident in the study area were linke…
Women's attitudes to condoms and female-controlled means of protection against HIV and STDs in South-Western Uganda
The consistent and correct use of the male condom makes it highly effective in both disease prevention and as a contraceptive method. However, it is also well recognized that its use is under men's control. Because of this vital limitation, there have been frequent calls for female-controlled methods of HIV prevention, particularly from women from sub-Saharan Africa. Here we report on data collected in focus-group discussions (FGDs) with women ag…
Implementation of a comprehensive Aids education programme for schools in Masaka District, Uganda
As part of a large IEC (Information, Education and Communication)/STD intervention trial, a 19-lesson, comprehensive school-based AIDS education programme was implemented and evaluated in 50 primary and 16 secondary schools in 12 parishes of Masaka District, Uganda. A series of three teacher-training and evaluation workshops spread over a year was held in each parish, between which teachers implemented the programme in the classroom. One hundred …
Medical Research Council Programme on Aids in Uganda – the first 10 years
The Medical Research Council (MRC) Programme on AIDS in Uganda is based at the Uganda Virus Research Institute of the Ugandan Ministry of Health in Entebbe on the shores of Lake Victoria. The programme was established following a request in 1988 from the Ugandan Government to the UK Government for assistance with AIDS, which had recently been discovered to be a large and growing health problem in the country. At that time Uganda had the worst pub…
Determinants of Attendance and Patient Satisfaction At Eye Clinics in South-Western Uganda
PURPOSE: To identify the reasons for subjects deciding to attend or not attend local and referral ophthalmology clinics in south-west Uganda, and to establish the levels of satisfaction of clinic attenders with the services they received. METHODS: A population survey identified subjects with ocular conditions who were referred to the local clinic or the district hospital. All non-attenders and a group of attenders were interviewed at home. RESULT…
Sexual networks in Uganda
A longitudinal study of the sexual behaviour of high-risk men and women living in a trading town on the trans-Africa highway showed that distinct sexual networks operated within the town. Forty-eight prostitutes kept daily records for 6 months of all their sexual contacts including the occupation and place of residence of each client and the price paid. Details of 4573 sexual contacts of the women were recorded. Three classes of women were identi…
Women's groups and individual entrepreneurs
This study is based on interviews conducted among 8 women's income-generating groups and 12 individual women entrepreneurs in 15 villages in Masaka district, Uganda. The Baganda are the main tribe in the study villages. The study evaluates the economic achievement, objectives, and social characteristics of the groups. Groups ranged in size from 9-20 members. All had functioned for 3-5 years. A regular membership fee was paid through the sale of a…
Female control of sexuality
What if they ask how I got it?' Dilemmas of disclosing parental HIV status and testing children for HIV in Uganda
BACKGROUND: Limited research has been conducted outside Western settings on how HIV-positive parents decide to test and disclose their own HIV status to children. We conducted a qualitative study in 2001 and 2005 to assess parent attitudes and current counselling policy and practice regarding child testing and parental disclosure in Uganda prior to the roll-out of antiretroviral therapy. METHODS: Parent perspectives were obtained through extended…
Balancing rigour and acceptability
Women's groups and individual entrepreneurs
This study is based on interviews conducted among 8 women's income-generating groups and 12 individual women entrepreneurs in 15 villages in Masaka district, Uganda. The Baganda are the main tribe in the study villages. The study evaluates the economic achievement, objectives, and social characteristics of the groups. Groups ranged in size from 9-20 members. All had functioned for 3-5 years. A regular membership fee was paid through the sale of a…
Problem-based Learning Strategies for Teaching Military Social Work Practice Behaviors
This article outlines and evaluates a military social work course as it has been taught by three social work faculty members at two universities in the southeastern US. The authors highlight why these courses are needed within social work undergraduate and graduate programs. They report how CSWE-identified military practice behaviors are addressed within the course. They also describe how practice-based learning approaches appear to be ideally su…
Women's groups and individual entrepreneurs
This study is based on interviews conducted among 8 women's income-generating groups and 12 individual women entrepreneurs in 15 villages in Masaka district, Uganda. The Baganda are the main tribe in the study villages. The study evaluates the economic achievement, objectives, and social characteristics of the groups. Groups ranged in size from 9-20 members. All had functioned for 3-5 years. A regular membership fee was paid through the sale of a…
Sexual networks in Uganda
A longitudinal study of the sexual behaviour of high-risk men and women living in a trading town on the trans-Africa highway showed that distinct sexual networks operated within the town. Forty-eight prostitutes kept daily records for 6 months of all their sexual contacts including the occupation and place of residence of each client and the price paid. Details of 4573 sexual contacts of the women were recorded. Three classes of women were identi…
Rates of HIV-1 transmission within marriage in rural Uganda in relation to the HIV sero-status of the partners
OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of transmission of HIV-1 within married couples in rural Uganda according to the sero-status of the partners. DESIGN: Estimation of HIV incidence rates for 2200 adults in a population cohort followed for 7 years comparing male-to-female with female-to-male transmission and sero-discordant with concordant sero-negative couples. METHODS: Each year, adults (over 12 years of age) resident in the study area were linke…
Women's attitudes to condoms and female-controlled means of protection against HIV and STDs in South-Western Uganda
The consistent and correct use of the male condom makes it highly effective in both disease prevention and as a contraceptive method. However, it is also well recognized that its use is under men's control. Because of this vital limitation, there have been frequent calls for female-controlled methods of HIV prevention, particularly from women from sub-Saharan Africa. Here we report on data collected in focus-group discussions (FGDs) with women ag…
Implementation of a comprehensive Aids education programme for schools in Masaka District, Uganda
As part of a large IEC (Information, Education and Communication)/STD intervention trial, a 19-lesson, comprehensive school-based AIDS education programme was implemented and evaluated in 50 primary and 16 secondary schools in 12 parishes of Masaka District, Uganda. A series of three teacher-training and evaluation workshops spread over a year was held in each parish, between which teachers implemented the programme in the classroom. One hundred …
Medical Research Council Programme on Aids in Uganda – the first 10 years
The Medical Research Council (MRC) Programme on AIDS in Uganda is based at the Uganda Virus Research Institute of the Ugandan Ministry of Health in Entebbe on the shores of Lake Victoria. The programme was established following a request in 1988 from the Ugandan Government to the UK Government for assistance with AIDS, which had recently been discovered to be a large and growing health problem in the country. At that time Uganda had the worst pub…
Determinants of Attendance and Patient Satisfaction At Eye Clinics in South-Western Uganda
PURPOSE: To identify the reasons for subjects deciding to attend or not attend local and referral ophthalmology clinics in south-west Uganda, and to establish the levels of satisfaction of clinic attenders with the services they received. METHODS: A population survey identified subjects with ocular conditions who were referred to the local clinic or the district hospital. All non-attenders and a group of attenders were interviewed at home. RESULT…
Condom awareness and intended use
A cross-sectional questionnaire survey examining knowledge, attitudes and intended use of condoms was conducted among 1,821 pupils (mean age = 14.2 years, range = 9--24) from 27 primary and secondary schools in rural south western Uganda. Condom education is not provided in Ugandan schools, but both boys and girls had relatively high overall levels of knowledge, even though boys demonstrated a higher level than girls. This suggests that responden…
Traditional sex counselling and STI/HIV prevention among young women in rural Uganda
This study examined the potential of traditional ways of passing on sexual knowledge from adult to younger women (the senga institution) among the Baganda of central Uganda, as a potential tool for STI/HIV prevention today. Traditional and contemporary forms of the institution were studied, and their strengths and weaknesses assessed. Data were collected using qualitative research methods. The senga institution comprises four components: Social r…
Female control of sexuality
Balancing rigour and acceptability
Harnessing the senga institution of adolescent sex education for the control of HIV and STDs in rural Uganda
Senga (father's sister) is a traditional channel of communication about sexual behaviour for adolescent females in rural Uganda. We evaluated a modification of this approach as an intervention for HIV and STDs in a pilot study in two intervention villages and one control village over 12 months. Eleven adult women and three adolescent girls were chosen and trained to become sengas. Adolescent girls were encouraged to visit the sengas for sexual he…
Community sex education among adolescents in rural Uganda
Although adolescent girls in Uganda are particularly vulnerable to HIV infection, providing relevant sexual health education to them is problematic. The senga (father's sister), is the traditional channel for socializing adolescent girls into sex and marriage among many ethnic groups in Uganda. This paper discusses the implementation and community acceptability of 'modern' sengas who were trained to provide HIV-related counselling to adolescent g…
Money, men and markets
Market trading requires access to cash, independent decision-making, mobility and social interaction. This study sought to explore whether market work empowers women with respect to spending decisions and negotiation over sex and condom-use. A semi-structured questionnaire was administered to 212 market women; and 12 focus group discussions and 52 in-depths interviews were conducted among market women in southwestern Uganda. Market women reported…
Understanding sexual behaviour change in rural southwest Uganda
Studies report substantial sexual behaviour change in Africa in response to HIV/AIDS. Generally there seems to be an increase in condom use and a reduction in partners, with men reporting more change than women. However, it is not only important to know whether people are changing their sexual behaviour but also their reasons for changing and the consistency and extent of change. Between 1996 and 2000 a study involving 196 respondents was carried…
What if they ask how I got it?' Dilemmas of disclosing parental HIV status and testing children for HIV in Uganda
BACKGROUND: Limited research has been conducted outside Western settings on how HIV-positive parents decide to test and disclose their own HIV status to children. We conducted a qualitative study in 2001 and 2005 to assess parent attitudes and current counselling policy and practice regarding child testing and parental disclosure in Uganda prior to the roll-out of antiretroviral therapy. METHODS: Parent perspectives were obtained through extended…
Problem-based Learning Strategies for Teaching Military Social Work Practice Behaviors
This article outlines and evaluates a military social work course as it has been taught by three social work faculty members at two universities in the southeastern US. The authors highlight why these courses are needed within social work undergraduate and graduate programs. They report how CSWE-identified military practice behaviors are addressed within the course. They also describe how practice-based learning approaches appear to be ideally su…
Journalism after Snowden
Reconceptualizing the U.S. Military’s Transition Assistance Program
This article describes and proposes the Success in Transition Model as a guiding framework for a reconceptualized Transition Assistance Program (TAP) to support U.S. military members as they leave the service. Key groups of veterans have ongoing difficulties adjusting to civilian settings after their time in the service. Even with recent changes, the current TAP has a narrow focus of primarily aiding members to prepare for finding post-military e…
The English Press
BLACK, Jeremy – The English Press: A History. London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2019. Pp. 184 During the summer of 1966, when British Prime Minister Harold Wilson flew to Moscow to take part in peace talks over the Vietnam War and England’s football team won the World Cup, the Beatles claimed another number one record with Paperback Writer. The song’s lyrics mentioned its protagonist’s job on the Daily Mail, then selling around two million copies a da…
Attachment-Based Relationship Satisfaction in Deployed and Non-Deployed Military Veterans with Prevalent PTSD, Anxiety, and Depression
After almost two decades of war, unprecedented operational tempos have remained high for the American military. This has left those on the home front (non-deploying veterans) a little behind since scholarship has mostly focused on veterans who have deployed. This study used a voluntary treatment-seeking sample of veterans who have not deployed (n = 49) and veterans who have deployed (n = 68) to address this gap in the literature. This study exami…
Understanding Strategies for Matching Service Dogs to Military Veterans With PTSD
Using a multiple case study design, we sought to understand existing matching strategies used to pair service dogs with US military veterans dealing with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Three different US-based service dog agencies (one large, one midsize, and one small) participated, allowing the principal investigator to conduct in-depth interviews with agency staff and leaders to understand and observe their matching/pairing practices. P…
Medicine (16 works) · Psychology (13 works) · Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health (12 works) · Sociology (11 works) · Family medicine (10 works) · HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions (8 works) · Sex work and related issues (8 works) · Demography (7 works) · Political science (7 works) · Social Psychology (6 works)