Elaine Smith
Biographic Data
| ID | 4003365 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Elaine Smith |
| GIVEN NAMES | Elaine |
| FAMILY NAME | Smith |
| SIGNATURE | SMITH E |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Limerick |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-5017-9457 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 15 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 21 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 15 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1989 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 3 |
Attitude (In)congruence in Group Interactions Predicts Social Identification and Favouritism Behaviour
Addressing widespread polarisation requires understanding how attitudes relate to identification and ingroup favouritism. Two studies employ interactive paradigms to examine whether attitude congruence produces behavioural consequences in addition to identification. In Study 1, participants ( N = 375) responded to four novel attitude statements in groups of five and were randomised to either see the responses of the other participants, or to be b…
Shared Identity, Shared Experience, Social Mobilisation
Crises have the potential to transform social identities and foster collective action, yet little is known about how new identities emerge and how a sense of shared experience (SSE) sustains mobilisation beyond immediate group contexts. The present research investigated these processes among 495 displaced Ukrainians with 107 participants completing a follow‐up 3 years later. It focused on identification and SSE with war‐affected people and intent…
Mapping Anti-Refugee Attitude Networks in the Classroom
Social identity emergence in attitude interactions and the identity strengthening effects of cumulative attitude agreement
The social identity approach asserts that self‐categorization is fluid and created anew in context. Despite this, research often conceptualizes identities as being based on static categories. In this article, we assess: how attitudes may be relevant attributes used to categorize the self and others, and therefore have the potential to foster social identification; how such categories/identities can be updated with new attitudinal information; and…
A test of the maintenance of the effects of imagined contact framed with supportive social norms as a teacher-led field intervention
As the arrival of refugees and asylum seekers continues to increase, schools continue to become a vital center for children to develop positive intergroup attitudes. Teacher-led activities can become useful tools in sustainable prejudice reduction. A field intervention incorporated normative in-group influence with imagined intergroup contact to reduce children's anti-refugee bias. Ten primary school classes (N = 269, Mage = 10.69 years) were ran…
The imaginary friends of my friends
Fostering inclusive attitudes among children in host classrooms is key to integrating refugee children. A field experiment tests the prejudice reduction effects of a teacher-led activity integrating imagined intergroup contact and normative influence. To enhance the effectiveness of imagined contact, scenarios include supportive ingroup norms. In 29 classes, 545 children ( M age = 10.88, SD = 0.96) were randomly assigned to one of five conditions…
Comparing normative influence from multiple groups
Understanding Change in Social‐Movement Participation
Across the globe, collective action has been a notable driver of social change. Previous research has identified numerous psychological antecedents of collective action participation, such as group efficacy. The mobilizing influence of social norms, however, has been comparatively neglected. Among a nationally representative Chilean sample (N = 3328), a three‐wave longitudinal study tested the relationship between the perceived frequency of famil…
Gonorrhea and Chlamydia Infection Among Women Visiting Family Planning Clinics
CONTEXT: Black women are disproportionately infected with gonorrhea and chlamydia. Because of the potential impact of these infections on women's reproductive health, it is important to determine whether different factors are predictive of infection in women of different races. METHODS: Data from 31,762 women aged 15–24 who were tested for gonorrhea and chlamydia at Missouri family planning clinics in 2001 were used to calculate the prevalence of…
Gonorrhea and Chlamydia Infection Among Women Visiting Family Planning Clinics
The prevalence and predictors of gonorrhea and chlamydia infection differ significantly between blacks and whites. Until these disparities are better understood, it will be difficult to establish screening criteria for gonorrhea
Mary McLeod Bethune
Prevalence of Specific Language Impairment in Kindergarten Children
This epidemiologic study estimated the prevalence of specific language impairment (SLI) in monolingual English-speaking kindergarten children. From a stratified cluster sample in rural, urban, and suburban areas in the upper midwest, 7,218 children were screened. The language screening failure rate was 26.2%. Children who failed the screening and a similar number of controls were then administered a diagnostic battery ( n =2,084) that provided fo…
"Mary McLeod Bethune's "Last Will and Testament
An Exploratory Analysis of the Construct of Leavers versus Left as It Relates to Levinger's Social Exchange Theory of Attractions, Barriers, and Alternative Attractions
This study analyzed the construct of "leavers" versus "left" as it relates to Levinger's factors of attractions, barriers, and alternative attractions. Individuals who perceive themselves as the "leaver" were more positive in their attitudes toward divorce than the "left." Females were also more positive in their attitude toward divorce than were males. Although "leavers" and "left" did not differ in attractions to the marriage or in the number o…
The Impact of DRGs on Health Care Workers and Their Clients
Translation of hospital systems into an equation of dollars and\npathology by basing reimbursement on diagnosis related groups (DRGs) forces a\nreversal of professional priorities that places cost containment first,\nraising dilemmas of cutting care and inadequate community resources for\nproviders and clients. The impact of cost containment systems on health care\nprofessionals, particularly on social workers and nurses, includes the\nbenefits o…
"Mary McLeod Bethune's "Last Will and Testament
Comparing normative influence from multiple groups
Understanding Change in Social‐Movement Participation
Across the globe, collective action has been a notable driver of social change. Previous research has identified numerous psychological antecedents of collective action participation, such as group efficacy. The mobilizing influence of social norms, however, has been comparatively neglected. Among a nationally representative Chilean sample (N = 3328), a three‐wave longitudinal study tested the relationship between the perceived frequency of famil…
Social identity emergence in attitude interactions and the identity strengthening effects of cumulative attitude agreement
The social identity approach asserts that self‐categorization is fluid and created anew in context. Despite this, research often conceptualizes identities as being based on static categories. In this article, we assess: how attitudes may be relevant attributes used to categorize the self and others, and therefore have the potential to foster social identification; how such categories/identities can be updated with new attitudinal information; and…
The imaginary friends of my friends
Fostering inclusive attitudes among children in host classrooms is key to integrating refugee children. A field experiment tests the prejudice reduction effects of a teacher-led activity integrating imagined intergroup contact and normative influence. To enhance the effectiveness of imagined contact, scenarios include supportive ingroup norms. In 29 classes, 545 children ( M age = 10.88, SD = 0.96) were randomly assigned to one of five conditions…
Mapping Anti-Refugee Attitude Networks in the Classroom
Gonorrhea and Chlamydia Infection Among Women Visiting Family Planning Clinics
The prevalence and predictors of gonorrhea and chlamydia infection differ significantly between blacks and whites. Until these disparities are better understood, it will be difficult to establish screening criteria for gonorrhea
The Impact of DRGs on Health Care Workers and Their Clients
Translation of hospital systems into an equation of dollars and\npathology by basing reimbursement on diagnosis related groups (DRGs) forces a\nreversal of professional priorities that places cost containment first,\nraising dilemmas of cutting care and inadequate community resources for\nproviders and clients. The impact of cost containment systems on health care\nprofessionals, particularly on social workers and nurses, includes the\nbenefits o…
An Exploratory Analysis of the Construct of Leavers versus Left as It Relates to Levinger's Social Exchange Theory of Attractions, Barriers, and Alternative Attractions
This study analyzed the construct of "leavers" versus "left" as it relates to Levinger's factors of attractions, barriers, and alternative attractions. Individuals who perceive themselves as the "leaver" were more positive in their attitudes toward divorce than the "left." Females were also more positive in their attitude toward divorce than were males. Although "leavers" and "left" did not differ in attractions to the marriage or in the number o…
"Mary McLeod Bethune's "Last Will and Testament
Prevalence of Specific Language Impairment in Kindergarten Children
This epidemiologic study estimated the prevalence of specific language impairment (SLI) in monolingual English-speaking kindergarten children. From a stratified cluster sample in rural, urban, and suburban areas in the upper midwest, 7,218 children were screened. The language screening failure rate was 26.2%. Children who failed the screening and a similar number of controls were then administered a diagnostic battery ( n =2,084) that provided fo…
Mary McLeod Bethune
Gonorrhea and Chlamydia Infection Among Women Visiting Family Planning Clinics
CONTEXT: Black women are disproportionately infected with gonorrhea and chlamydia. Because of the potential impact of these infections on women's reproductive health, it is important to determine whether different factors are predictive of infection in women of different races. METHODS: Data from 31,762 women aged 15–24 who were tested for gonorrhea and chlamydia at Missouri family planning clinics in 2001 were used to calculate the prevalence of…
Gonorrhea and Chlamydia Infection Among Women Visiting Family Planning Clinics
The prevalence and predictors of gonorrhea and chlamydia infection differ significantly between blacks and whites. Until these disparities are better understood, it will be difficult to establish screening criteria for gonorrhea
The imaginary friends of my friends
Fostering inclusive attitudes among children in host classrooms is key to integrating refugee children. A field experiment tests the prejudice reduction effects of a teacher-led activity integrating imagined intergroup contact and normative influence. To enhance the effectiveness of imagined contact, scenarios include supportive ingroup norms. In 29 classes, 545 children ( M age = 10.88, SD = 0.96) were randomly assigned to one of five conditions…
Comparing normative influence from multiple groups
Understanding Change in Social‐Movement Participation
Across the globe, collective action has been a notable driver of social change. Previous research has identified numerous psychological antecedents of collective action participation, such as group efficacy. The mobilizing influence of social norms, however, has been comparatively neglected. Among a nationally representative Chilean sample (N = 3328), a three‐wave longitudinal study tested the relationship between the perceived frequency of famil…
A test of the maintenance of the effects of imagined contact framed with supportive social norms as a teacher-led field intervention
As the arrival of refugees and asylum seekers continues to increase, schools continue to become a vital center for children to develop positive intergroup attitudes. Teacher-led activities can become useful tools in sustainable prejudice reduction. A field intervention incorporated normative in-group influence with imagined intergroup contact to reduce children's anti-refugee bias. Ten primary school classes (N = 269, Mage = 10.69 years) were ran…
Social identity emergence in attitude interactions and the identity strengthening effects of cumulative attitude agreement
The social identity approach asserts that self‐categorization is fluid and created anew in context. Despite this, research often conceptualizes identities as being based on static categories. In this article, we assess: how attitudes may be relevant attributes used to categorize the self and others, and therefore have the potential to foster social identification; how such categories/identities can be updated with new attitudinal information; and…
Mapping Anti-Refugee Attitude Networks in the Classroom
Attitude (In)congruence in Group Interactions Predicts Social Identification and Favouritism Behaviour
Addressing widespread polarisation requires understanding how attitudes relate to identification and ingroup favouritism. Two studies employ interactive paradigms to examine whether attitude congruence produces behavioural consequences in addition to identification. In Study 1, participants ( N = 375) responded to four novel attitude statements in groups of five and were randomised to either see the responses of the other participants, or to be b…
Shared Identity, Shared Experience, Social Mobilisation
Crises have the potential to transform social identities and foster collective action, yet little is known about how new identities emerge and how a sense of shared experience (SSE) sustains mobilisation beyond immediate group contexts. The present research investigated these processes among 495 displaced Ukrainians with 107 participants completing a follow‐up 3 years later. It focused on identification and SSE with war‐affected people and intent…
Psychology (8 works) · Social and Intergroup Psychology (7 works) · Social Psychology (7 works) · Developmental psychology (5 works) · Political science (5 works) · Cultural Differences and Values (4 works) · Medicine (4 works) · Normative (4 works) · Refugee (4 works) · Social Psychology (4 works)