Paul D Bliese
Biographic Data
| ID | 4030126 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Paul D Bliese |
| GIVEN NAMES | Paul D |
| FAMILY NAME | Bliese |
| SIGNATURE | BLIESE P D |
| AFFILIATIONS | Walter Reed Army Institute of Research |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-5384-8879 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 22 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 50 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 22 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1996 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
The Effect of a Mindfulness Training and Yoga Intervention on Unit Cohesion in the Military
Social cohesion is critical for personnel working on teams in high-stress occupational settings like the military. Building on recent findings, we examined the potential impact of a combined mindfulness training and yoga intervention on cohesion among soldiers in Basic Combat Training. In a group randomized trial, 40 military units ( n = 1,896) were randomly assigned to receive this intervention or training as usual. Surveys were administered at …
Intensive Longitudinal Models
Intensive longitudinal models (ILMs) allow researchers to analyze nested data collected through frequent measurements—typically 20 or more repeated occasions—over densely spaced durations. Rather than being a single statistical approach, ILMs encompass various models unified by their capability to handle densely collected longitudinal data. We briefly summarize the nature of intensive longitudinal designs and why such designs require the use of I…
Fairness uncertainty and pay information exchange
Having limited information regarding how pay is distributed in their organization, employees often find it difficult to assess the fairness of their pay. Uncertainty management theory (UMT) posits that fairness uncertainty is aversive and that individuals experiencing it search for information to reduce this uncertainty. Pay information exchange – the communication of one's pay‐related information to others in return for information from that oth…
Rethinking the Exploration of Dichotomous Data
The need to determine the correct dimensionality of theoretical constructs and generate valid measurement instruments when underlying items are categorical has generated a significant volume of research in the social sciences. This article presents two studies contrasting different categorical exploratory techniques. The first study compares Mokken scale analysis (MSA) and two-factor-based exploratory techniques for noncontinuous variables: item …
Back to Basics with Mixed-Effects Models
Conceptualising time as a level of analysis
Theory on trust development, dissolution, and restoration suggest that trust is a dynamic state that varies in predictable and often systematic ways. Empirical research, however, lags behind the theoretical development, particularly with respect to understanding the trajectory of trust. This article reviews theory on dynamics of trust and some of the limitations in empirical research on these theories. We then describe an established but underuti…
Stress and well-being at work
by tracking word frequencies from 606 abstracts of published articles in the journal. From these abstracts, we define 3 eras: a 50 year-era from 1917 to 1966, a 30-year era from 1967 to 1996, and a 20-year era from 1997 to the present. Each era is distinct in terms of the number of articles published and the general themes of the topic areas examined. We show that advances in theory are a major impetus underlying research topics and the number of…
Sexual Assault Victimization and Mental Health Treatment, Suicide Attempts, and Career Outcomes Among Women in the US Army
Objectives. To examine associations of administratively recorded sexual assault victimization during military service with subsequent mental health and negative career outcomes among US Army women controlling for nonrandom victimization exposure. Methods. We used data from the Army Study to Assess Risk and Resilience in Servicemembers to apply propensity score methods to match all 4238 female Regular Army soldiers with administratively recorded s…
OP20 A Comparative Analysis of Deployment Associated Mental Health Issues in United States and United Kingdom Armed Forces
Background There are several differences in health outcomes between UK and US military personnel who have deployed to the recent conflicts in Iraq or Afghanistan. Rates of survey-based posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) tend to be higher in US personnel, whilst self-reported rates of alcohol use tend to be higher in UK personnel. To explore potential reasons why mental health prevalence rates differ in the two countries a comparative analysis o…
The Power of Momentum
This study offers a new theoretical perspective on the unique nature and function of job satisfaction change, or systematic improvement or decline in job satisfaction over time. Using four diverse samples, we show that differences in the extent to which job satisfaction systematically improves or declines account for change in employees' “turnover intentions” left unexplained by absolute (average) levels of job satisfaction. Further, we show that…
The impact of predeployment functional impairment on mental health after combat
Bringing science to bear
This article outlines the U.S. Army's effort to empirically validate and assess the Comprehensive Soldier Fitness (CSF) program. The empirical assessment includes four major components. First, the CSF scientific staff is currently conducting a longitudinal study to determine if the Master Resilience Training program and the Comprehensive Resilience Modules lead to lasting resilience development in soldiers. Second, the CSF program has partnered w…
Testing the Stress‐Buffering Effects of Self Engagement Among Soldiers on a Military Operation
The present research examined whether self engagement moderated the stressor‐strain relationship in a sample of U.S. soldiers deployed on a peacekeeping mission to Bosnia. Given that individuals were nested within groups (Army companies), we examined the relationships of interest using multilevel random coefficient models. The results of these analyses revealed that self engagement interacted with three different stressors (lower amounts of sleep…
The role of different levels of leadership in predicting self- and collective efficacy
This study identified potential discontinuities in the antecedents of efficacy beliefs across levels of analysis, with a particular focus on the role of leadership climate at different organizational levels. Random coefficient modeling analyses conducted on data collected from 2,585 soldiers in 86 combat units confirmed that soldiers' experience, role clarity, and psychological strain predicted self-efficacy to a greater extent than did leadershi…
Growth Modeling Using Random Coefficient Models
In this article, the authors illustrate how random coefficient modeling can be used to develop growth models for the analysis of longitudinal data. In contrast to previous discussions of random coefficient models, this article provides step-by-step guidance using a model comparison framework. By approaching the modeling this way, the authors are able to build off a regression foundation and progressively estimate and evaluate more complex models.…
Social support, group consensus and stressor–strain relationships
In this study, we examined the degree to which individuals' reactions to stressors were influenced by the quality of their shared social environments. Based on social support theory, we proposed that individuals in positive social environments would show lower levels of strain when exposed to stressors than would individuals in negative social environments. The quality of the shared social environment was assessed by measuring the degree of conse…
Efficacy beliefs as a moderator of the impact of work-related stressors
This study built on previous exploratory research (S. M. Jex & D. M. Gudanowski, 1992) that examined both self-efficacy and collective efficacy as moderators of stressor-strain relations. Based on survey data collected from 2,273 U.S. Army soldiers representing 36 companies, it was found that both self- and collective efficacy moderated the relationship between stressors and strains. Multilevel random coefficient model results revealed that respo…
Gender Composition and Group Cohesion in U.S. Army Units
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between gender composition and group cohesion in U.S. Army combat support and combat service support units. Five studies were compared in this analysis, including survey data obtained in the Persian Gulf during Operation Desert Storm; in Somalia during Operation Restore Hope; in Haiti during Operation Uphold Democracy; and in two garrison samples. A higher percentage of women in the unit w…
Group Size, ICC Values, and Group-Level Correlations
In the organizational literature, the impact of group size on the magnitude of the group-level correlation has not been explicitly delineated, despite the fact that group sizes vary considerably in organizational research. This article discusses the relationship between group size, ICC(J) values, and the magnitude of the group-level correlation, and shows that group size and ICC(I) values are important because they influence the reliability of th…
Stress and Psychological Readiness in Post-Cold War Operations
Determinants of Soldier Support for Operation Uphold Democracy
A substantial number of U.S. Army soldiers deployed to Haiti for Operation Uphold Democracy did not believe it was important that the U.S. military be involved in the operation (49%); did not believe that what the U.S. military was doing was important (38%); and did not believe in the overall value of the operation (43%). At the same time, a substantial number of soldiers had positive feelings about what they were doing in Haiti and the mission t…
Cohesion and Readiness in Gender-Integrated Combat Service Support Units
Cohesion, combat readiness and acceptance of women were examined among male and female junior enlisted soldiers and male noncommissioned officers (NCOs) in 19 combat service support companies. The proportion of junior enlisted females in each company was negatively correlated with mean cohesion and readiness scores for junior enlisted males. The proportion of NCO females was significantly correlated with the proportion of soldiers who said they d…
Social support, group consensus and stressor–strain relationships
In this study, we examined the degree to which individuals' reactions to stressors were influenced by the quality of their shared social environments. Based on social support theory, we proposed that individuals in positive social environments would show lower levels of strain when exposed to stressors than would individuals in negative social environments. The quality of the shared social environment was assessed by measuring the degree of conse…
Conceptualising time as a level of analysis
Theory on trust development, dissolution, and restoration suggest that trust is a dynamic state that varies in predictable and often systematic ways. Empirical research, however, lags behind the theoretical development, particularly with respect to understanding the trajectory of trust. This article reviews theory on dynamics of trust and some of the limitations in empirical research on these theories. We then describe an established but underuti…
Cohesion and Readiness in Gender-Integrated Combat Service Support Units
Cohesion, combat readiness and acceptance of women were examined among male and female junior enlisted soldiers and male noncommissioned officers (NCOs) in 19 combat service support companies. The proportion of junior enlisted females in each company was negatively correlated with mean cohesion and readiness scores for junior enlisted males. The proportion of NCO females was significantly correlated with the proportion of soldiers who said they d…
Gender Composition and Group Cohesion in U.S. Army Units
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between gender composition and group cohesion in U.S. Army combat support and combat service support units. Five studies were compared in this analysis, including survey data obtained in the Persian Gulf during Operation Desert Storm; in Somalia during Operation Restore Hope; in Haiti during Operation Uphold Democracy; and in two garrison samples. A higher percentage of women in the unit w…
Sexual Assault Victimization and Mental Health Treatment, Suicide Attempts, and Career Outcomes Among Women in the US Army
Objectives. To examine associations of administratively recorded sexual assault victimization during military service with subsequent mental health and negative career outcomes among US Army women controlling for nonrandom victimization exposure. Methods. We used data from the Army Study to Assess Risk and Resilience in Servicemembers to apply propensity score methods to match all 4238 female Regular Army soldiers with administratively recorded s…
Determinants of Soldier Support for Operation Uphold Democracy
A substantial number of U.S. Army soldiers deployed to Haiti for Operation Uphold Democracy did not believe it was important that the U.S. military be involved in the operation (49%); did not believe that what the U.S. military was doing was important (38%); and did not believe in the overall value of the operation (43%). At the same time, a substantial number of soldiers had positive feelings about what they were doing in Haiti and the mission t…
Bringing science to bear
This article outlines the U.S. Army's effort to empirically validate and assess the Comprehensive Soldier Fitness (CSF) program. The empirical assessment includes four major components. First, the CSF scientific staff is currently conducting a longitudinal study to determine if the Master Resilience Training program and the Comprehensive Resilience Modules lead to lasting resilience development in soldiers. Second, the CSF program has partnered w…
Rethinking the Exploration of Dichotomous Data
The need to determine the correct dimensionality of theoretical constructs and generate valid measurement instruments when underlying items are categorical has generated a significant volume of research in the social sciences. This article presents two studies contrasting different categorical exploratory techniques. The first study compares Mokken scale analysis (MSA) and two-factor-based exploratory techniques for noncontinuous variables: item …
Stress and Psychological Readiness in Post-Cold War Operations
Determinants of Soldier Support for Operation Uphold Democracy
A substantial number of U.S. Army soldiers deployed to Haiti for Operation Uphold Democracy did not believe it was important that the U.S. military be involved in the operation (49%); did not believe that what the U.S. military was doing was important (38%); and did not believe in the overall value of the operation (43%). At the same time, a substantial number of soldiers had positive feelings about what they were doing in Haiti and the mission t…
Cohesion and Readiness in Gender-Integrated Combat Service Support Units
Cohesion, combat readiness and acceptance of women were examined among male and female junior enlisted soldiers and male noncommissioned officers (NCOs) in 19 combat service support companies. The proportion of junior enlisted females in each company was negatively correlated with mean cohesion and readiness scores for junior enlisted males. The proportion of NCO females was significantly correlated with the proportion of soldiers who said they d…
Group Size, ICC Values, and Group-Level Correlations
In the organizational literature, the impact of group size on the magnitude of the group-level correlation has not been explicitly delineated, despite the fact that group sizes vary considerably in organizational research. This article discusses the relationship between group size, ICC(J) values, and the magnitude of the group-level correlation, and shows that group size and ICC(I) values are important because they influence the reliability of th…
Efficacy beliefs as a moderator of the impact of work-related stressors
This study built on previous exploratory research (S. M. Jex & D. M. Gudanowski, 1992) that examined both self-efficacy and collective efficacy as moderators of stressor-strain relations. Based on survey data collected from 2,273 U.S. Army soldiers representing 36 companies, it was found that both self- and collective efficacy moderated the relationship between stressors and strains. Multilevel random coefficient model results revealed that respo…
Gender Composition and Group Cohesion in U.S. Army Units
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between gender composition and group cohesion in U.S. Army combat support and combat service support units. Five studies were compared in this analysis, including survey data obtained in the Persian Gulf during Operation Desert Storm; in Somalia during Operation Restore Hope; in Haiti during Operation Uphold Democracy; and in two garrison samples. A higher percentage of women in the unit w…
Social support, group consensus and stressor–strain relationships
In this study, we examined the degree to which individuals' reactions to stressors were influenced by the quality of their shared social environments. Based on social support theory, we proposed that individuals in positive social environments would show lower levels of strain when exposed to stressors than would individuals in negative social environments. The quality of the shared social environment was assessed by measuring the degree of conse…
The role of different levels of leadership in predicting self- and collective efficacy
This study identified potential discontinuities in the antecedents of efficacy beliefs across levels of analysis, with a particular focus on the role of leadership climate at different organizational levels. Random coefficient modeling analyses conducted on data collected from 2,585 soldiers in 86 combat units confirmed that soldiers' experience, role clarity, and psychological strain predicted self-efficacy to a greater extent than did leadershi…
Growth Modeling Using Random Coefficient Models
In this article, the authors illustrate how random coefficient modeling can be used to develop growth models for the analysis of longitudinal data. In contrast to previous discussions of random coefficient models, this article provides step-by-step guidance using a model comparison framework. By approaching the modeling this way, the authors are able to build off a regression foundation and progressively estimate and evaluate more complex models.…
Testing the Stress‐Buffering Effects of Self Engagement Among Soldiers on a Military Operation
The present research examined whether self engagement moderated the stressor‐strain relationship in a sample of U.S. soldiers deployed on a peacekeeping mission to Bosnia. Given that individuals were nested within groups (Army companies), we examined the relationships of interest using multilevel random coefficient models. The results of these analyses revealed that self engagement interacted with three different stressors (lower amounts of sleep…
The Power of Momentum
This study offers a new theoretical perspective on the unique nature and function of job satisfaction change, or systematic improvement or decline in job satisfaction over time. Using four diverse samples, we show that differences in the extent to which job satisfaction systematically improves or declines account for change in employees' “turnover intentions” left unexplained by absolute (average) levels of job satisfaction. Further, we show that…
The impact of predeployment functional impairment on mental health after combat
Bringing science to bear
This article outlines the U.S. Army's effort to empirically validate and assess the Comprehensive Soldier Fitness (CSF) program. The empirical assessment includes four major components. First, the CSF scientific staff is currently conducting a longitudinal study to determine if the Master Resilience Training program and the Comprehensive Resilience Modules lead to lasting resilience development in soldiers. Second, the CSF program has partnered w…
OP20 A Comparative Analysis of Deployment Associated Mental Health Issues in United States and United Kingdom Armed Forces
Background There are several differences in health outcomes between UK and US military personnel who have deployed to the recent conflicts in Iraq or Afghanistan. Rates of survey-based posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) tend to be higher in US personnel, whilst self-reported rates of alcohol use tend to be higher in UK personnel. To explore potential reasons why mental health prevalence rates differ in the two countries a comparative analysis o…
Stress and well-being at work
by tracking word frequencies from 606 abstracts of published articles in the journal. From these abstracts, we define 3 eras: a 50 year-era from 1917 to 1966, a 30-year era from 1967 to 1996, and a 20-year era from 1997 to the present. Each era is distinct in terms of the number of articles published and the general themes of the topic areas examined. We show that advances in theory are a major impetus underlying research topics and the number of…
Sexual Assault Victimization and Mental Health Treatment, Suicide Attempts, and Career Outcomes Among Women in the US Army
Objectives. To examine associations of administratively recorded sexual assault victimization during military service with subsequent mental health and negative career outcomes among US Army women controlling for nonrandom victimization exposure. Methods. We used data from the Army Study to Assess Risk and Resilience in Servicemembers to apply propensity score methods to match all 4238 female Regular Army soldiers with administratively recorded s…
Back to Basics with Mixed-Effects Models
Conceptualising time as a level of analysis
Theory on trust development, dissolution, and restoration suggest that trust is a dynamic state that varies in predictable and often systematic ways. Empirical research, however, lags behind the theoretical development, particularly with respect to understanding the trajectory of trust. This article reviews theory on dynamics of trust and some of the limitations in empirical research on these theories. We then describe an established but underuti…
Rethinking the Exploration of Dichotomous Data
The need to determine the correct dimensionality of theoretical constructs and generate valid measurement instruments when underlying items are categorical has generated a significant volume of research in the social sciences. This article presents two studies contrasting different categorical exploratory techniques. The first study compares Mokken scale analysis (MSA) and two-factor-based exploratory techniques for noncontinuous variables: item …
Fairness uncertainty and pay information exchange
Having limited information regarding how pay is distributed in their organization, employees often find it difficult to assess the fairness of their pay. Uncertainty management theory (UMT) posits that fairness uncertainty is aversive and that individuals experiencing it search for information to reduce this uncertainty. Pay information exchange – the communication of one's pay‐related information to others in return for information from that oth…
Intensive Longitudinal Models
Intensive longitudinal models (ILMs) allow researchers to analyze nested data collected through frequent measurements—typically 20 or more repeated occasions—over densely spaced durations. Rather than being a single statistical approach, ILMs encompass various models unified by their capability to handle densely collected longitudinal data. We briefly summarize the nature of intensive longitudinal designs and why such designs require the use of I…
The Effect of a Mindfulness Training and Yoga Intervention on Unit Cohesion in the Military
Social cohesion is critical for personnel working on teams in high-stress occupational settings like the military. Building on recent findings, we examined the potential impact of a combined mindfulness training and yoga intervention on cohesion among soldiers in Basic Combat Training. In a group randomized trial, 40 military units ( n = 1,896) were randomly assigned to receive this intervention or training as usual. Surveys were administered at …
Psychology (15 works) · Social Psychology (12 works) · Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior (7 works) · Political science (7 works) · Computer Science (6 works) · Medicine (6 works) · Clinical Psychology (5 works) · Econometrics (5 works) · Multilevel model (5 works) · Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research (5 works)