C Fred T Andrus
Biographic Data
| ID | 4053662 |
|---|---|
| NAME | C Fred T Andrus |
| GIVEN NAMES | C Fred T |
| FAMILY NAME | Andrus |
| SIGNATURE | ANDRUS C F T |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Alabama |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-4075-8380 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 21 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 170 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 21 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2000 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 8 |
Stable Isotope Analysis and Chronology Building at the Hokfv-Mocvse Cultural Site, the Earliest Evidence for South Atlantic Shell-Ring Villages
Circular shell rings along the South Atlantic coast of the United States are vestiges of the earliest sedentary villages in North America, dating to 4500-3000 BP. However, little is known about when Indigenous communities began constructing these shell-ring villages. This article presents data from the Hokfv-Mocvse Shell Ring on Ossabaw Island, Georgia. Although shell rings are often associated with the earliest ceramics in North America, no cera…
Ritual schedule and worshippers’ origin at an ancient Maya ritual cave site, Las Cuevas, Belize: A pilot study of jute snail shell sclerochemistry
Of missions and marshes: Stable isotope analysis of Mission-Era Guale oyster harvesting on St. Catherines Island, Georgia
This article presents the results of oxygen stable isotope analysis on eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) samples (n = 25) from a Mission-Era (ca. AD 1565–1680) site, Pueblo Santa Catalina de Guale, on St. Catherines Island, GA. Stable isotope analysis was used to assess the seasonality of oyster harvesting on St. Catherines Island during the Mission Era to better understand how Spanish colonization and the Catholic mission system may have im…
Temporality of fishery taskscapes on the north-central Gulf of Mexico coast (USA) during the Middle/Late Woodland period (AD 325-1040)
This study examines the timing, tempo, and logic of fishery taskscapes at two Woodland villages (ca. AD 325–1040) on the north-central coast of the Gulf of Mexico (USA). A multi-proxy combination of zooarchaeological attributions, light stable isotope analyses, and related approaches reveals cyclical aspects of the temporality of taskscapes at these two non-farming communities, identifying which resources were collected when and where. Awareness …
Woodland-period fisheries on the north-central coast of the Gulf of Mexico
Despite the prevalence of Woodland-period middens on the Gulf of Mexico’s northern coast, Woodland fisheries remain poorly known. Vertebrate and invertebrate assemblages from Plash Island (1BA134; cal AD 325–640) and Bayou St. John (1BA21; cal AD 650–1040) suggest this period was more than a prelude to Mississippian farming. Much of the coastal Woodland economy centered on reliable, productive estuarine resources, particularly molluscs and fishes…
Refit and Oxygen Isotope Analysis of Freshwater Mussel Shells from the Tillar Farms Site (3DR30), Southeast Arkansas
We investigate the link between the consumption of foodstuffs, excavation of a large pit, and disposal of waste at the Tillar Farms site (3DR30), southeast Arkansas, using refit and oxygen isotope analyses of well-preserved freshwater mussel shells from Feature 1. Only 0.13% of 7,408 valves analyzed were unidentifiable to species.The refit analysis produced 460 refits across 23 species and strongly indicates that the shell midden represents a sin…
Where the Land Meets the Sea: Fourteen Millennia of Human History at Huaca Prieta, Peru
Exploring Oyster ( Crassostrea virginica ) Habitat Collection via Oxygen Isotope Geochemistry and its Implications for Ritual and Mound Construction at Crystal River and Roberts Island, Florida
Research at Crystal River and Roberts Island Shell Mound Complex, on the western coast of Florida, USA, offers a quantitative assessment of the temporality of shell deposit construction, Native subsistence practices, and mobility patterns through stable oxygen isotope data from eastern oyster (C. virginica). The δ18Owater values of oysters vary synchronously with salinity, assuming relatively constant δ18Owater/salinity gradients since the time o…
Assessing village life and monument construction (cal. AD 65–1070) along the central Gulf Coast of Florida through stable isotope geochemistry
Local water source variation and experimental Chicha de Maíz brewing: Implications for interpreting human hydroxyapatite δ18O values in the Andes
Sclerochronological Measures of Seasonality at a Late Woodland Mound on the Mississippi Gulf Coast
Seasonality of site occupation has been an important issue in the archaeology of precolumbian coastal populations in the U.S. Southeast. Sclerochronological oxygen isotope measurements to estimate season of capture were performed on marsh clam (Rangia cuneata) and oyster (Crassostrea virginica) shells from a Late Woodland platform mound in coastal Mississippi. This study is the first oxygen isotope analysis of archaeological Rangia cuneata. The r…
Using Oxygen Isotope Sclerochronology to Evaluate the Role of Small Islands Among the Guale (AD 1325 to 1700) of the Georgia Coast, USA
In this article, we present the results of sequential oxygen isotope analysis performed on hard clam, Mercenaria spp. (n = 5) and eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica (n = 13) valves excavated from Pumpkin Hammock (9MC350). These data are used to evaluate Guale models of settlement and subsistence along the Georgia coast during the late pre-Contact and early Colonial eras (ca. AD 1325 to 1700). Season of collection data indicate shells were coll…
Shell midden sclerochronology
Determining the habitats of mollusk collection at the Sapelo Island shell ring complex, Georgia, USA using oxygen isotope sclerochronology
Evaluating Mobility, Monumentality, and Feasting at the Sapelo Island Shell Ring Complex
Two of the most salient anthropological questions regarding southeastern shell ring sites are related to the season(s) that they were occupied and whether or not the deposits represent monumental constructions and/or feasting remains. This paper addresses these questions through the analysis of growth band of clams (Mercenaria spp.) (N = 620) and stable oxygen isotope ratios of clam and oyster shells (Crassostrea virginica) (N = 58) at the Sapelo…
Centuries of Marine Radiocarbon Reservoir Age Variation Within Archaeological Mesodesma Donacium Shells from Southern Peru
Mollusk shells provide brief ( R ) and upwelling. We report 21 14 C ages and R calculations on small (∼2 mg) samples from 2 Mesodesma donacium (surf clam) shells. These shells were excavated from a semi-subterranean house floor stratum 14 C dated to 7625 ± 35 BP at site QJ-280, Quebrada Jaguay, southern Peru. The ranges in marine 14 C ages (and thus R ) from the 2 shells are 530 and 170 14 C yr; R from individual aragonite samples spans 130 ± 60 …
Upwelling signals in radiocarbon from early 20th-century Peruvian bay scallop ( Argopecten purpuratus ) shells
We quantified Δ 14 C, δ 18 O, and δ 13 C cycles along ontogeny within four bay scallop ( Argopecten purpuratus ) shells collected from Callao Bay, Salaverry, and Sechura Bay, Peru following the 1907–1908 non-El Niño years and the 1925–1926 El Niño. Δ 14 C and δ 13 C generally covary; Δ 14 C and δ 18 O vary inversely. Simultaneous decreases in Δ 14 C and increases in δ 18 O in non-El Niño shells are followed by constant Δ 14 C and gradually decrea…
Seasonal Variations in Peruvian Marine Reservoir Age from Pre-Bomb Argopecten Purpuratus Shell Carbonate
Marine upwelling along coastal Peru can be intense and variable, making radiocarbon dating marine and coastal systems complex. Historical and proxy records of upwelling along coastal Peru are few, and long-lived species such as corals do not grow in the cold coastal waters. Mollusk shell carbonate, however, can record both the magnitude of the local marine reservoir correction, ΔR, and of seasonal oscillations in the ventilation age of coastal wa…
Geoarchaeological evidence for multidecadal natural climatic variability and ancient Peruvian fisheries
Understanding the influence of natural climatic variability on modern fisheries is complicated by over a century of industrial fishing. Archaeological data provide unique opportunities for assessing precolonial and preindustrial fisheries. Records show that anchoveta-vs sardine-dominated fisheries correlate with 20th-century climate change in the Pacific Basin and are linked to multidecadal climatic variability. The “anchovy regime” is characteri…
Alteration of Otolith Aragonite: Effects of Prehistoric Cooking Methods on Otolith Chemistry
Geochemical Analysis of as a Method to Determine Season of Capture
Determining the habitats of mollusk collection at the Sapelo Island shell ring complex, Georgia, USA using oxygen isotope sclerochronology
Evaluating Mobility, Monumentality, and Feasting at the Sapelo Island Shell Ring Complex
Two of the most salient anthropological questions regarding southeastern shell ring sites are related to the season(s) that they were occupied and whether or not the deposits represent monumental constructions and/or feasting remains. This paper addresses these questions through the analysis of growth band of clams (Mercenaria spp.) (N = 620) and stable oxygen isotope ratios of clam and oyster shells (Crassostrea virginica) (N = 58) at the Sapelo…
Geochemical Analysis of as a Method to Determine Season of Capture
Seasonal Variations in Peruvian Marine Reservoir Age from Pre-Bomb Argopecten Purpuratus Shell Carbonate
Marine upwelling along coastal Peru can be intense and variable, making radiocarbon dating marine and coastal systems complex. Historical and proxy records of upwelling along coastal Peru are few, and long-lived species such as corals do not grow in the cold coastal waters. Mollusk shell carbonate, however, can record both the magnitude of the local marine reservoir correction, ΔR, and of seasonal oscillations in the ventilation age of coastal wa…
Alteration of Otolith Aragonite: Effects of Prehistoric Cooking Methods on Otolith Chemistry
Exploring Oyster ( Crassostrea virginica ) Habitat Collection via Oxygen Isotope Geochemistry and its Implications for Ritual and Mound Construction at Crystal River and Roberts Island, Florida
Research at Crystal River and Roberts Island Shell Mound Complex, on the western coast of Florida, USA, offers a quantitative assessment of the temporality of shell deposit construction, Native subsistence practices, and mobility patterns through stable oxygen isotope data from eastern oyster (C. virginica). The δ18Owater values of oysters vary synchronously with salinity, assuming relatively constant δ18Owater/salinity gradients since the time o…
Local water source variation and experimental Chicha de Maíz brewing: Implications for interpreting human hydroxyapatite δ18O values in the Andes
Using Oxygen Isotope Sclerochronology to Evaluate the Role of Small Islands Among the Guale (AD 1325 to 1700) of the Georgia Coast, USA
In this article, we present the results of sequential oxygen isotope analysis performed on hard clam, Mercenaria spp. (n = 5) and eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica (n = 13) valves excavated from Pumpkin Hammock (9MC350). These data are used to evaluate Guale models of settlement and subsistence along the Georgia coast during the late pre-Contact and early Colonial eras (ca. AD 1325 to 1700). Season of collection data indicate shells were coll…
Centuries of Marine Radiocarbon Reservoir Age Variation Within Archaeological Mesodesma Donacium Shells from Southern Peru
Mollusk shells provide brief ( R ) and upwelling. We report 21 14 C ages and R calculations on small (∼2 mg) samples from 2 Mesodesma donacium (surf clam) shells. These shells were excavated from a semi-subterranean house floor stratum 14 C dated to 7625 ± 35 BP at site QJ-280, Quebrada Jaguay, southern Peru. The ranges in marine 14 C ages (and thus R ) from the 2 shells are 530 and 170 14 C yr; R from individual aragonite samples spans 130 ± 60 …
Assessing village life and monument construction (cal. AD 65–1070) along the central Gulf Coast of Florida through stable isotope geochemistry
Sclerochronological Measures of Seasonality at a Late Woodland Mound on the Mississippi Gulf Coast
Seasonality of site occupation has been an important issue in the archaeology of precolumbian coastal populations in the U.S. Southeast. Sclerochronological oxygen isotope measurements to estimate season of capture were performed on marsh clam (Rangia cuneata) and oyster (Crassostrea virginica) shells from a Late Woodland platform mound in coastal Mississippi. This study is the first oxygen isotope analysis of archaeological Rangia cuneata. The r…
Woodland-period fisheries on the north-central coast of the Gulf of Mexico
Despite the prevalence of Woodland-period middens on the Gulf of Mexico’s northern coast, Woodland fisheries remain poorly known. Vertebrate and invertebrate assemblages from Plash Island (1BA134; cal AD 325–640) and Bayou St. John (1BA21; cal AD 650–1040) suggest this period was more than a prelude to Mississippian farming. Much of the coastal Woodland economy centered on reliable, productive estuarine resources, particularly molluscs and fishes…
Of missions and marshes: Stable isotope analysis of Mission-Era Guale oyster harvesting on St. Catherines Island, Georgia
This article presents the results of oxygen stable isotope analysis on eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) samples (n = 25) from a Mission-Era (ca. AD 1565–1680) site, Pueblo Santa Catalina de Guale, on St. Catherines Island, GA. Stable isotope analysis was used to assess the seasonality of oyster harvesting on St. Catherines Island during the Mission Era to better understand how Spanish colonization and the Catholic mission system may have im…
Temporality of fishery taskscapes on the north-central Gulf of Mexico coast (USA) during the Middle/Late Woodland period (AD 325-1040)
This study examines the timing, tempo, and logic of fishery taskscapes at two Woodland villages (ca. AD 325–1040) on the north-central coast of the Gulf of Mexico (USA). A multi-proxy combination of zooarchaeological attributions, light stable isotope analyses, and related approaches reveals cyclical aspects of the temporality of taskscapes at these two non-farming communities, identifying which resources were collected when and where. Awareness …
Refit and Oxygen Isotope Analysis of Freshwater Mussel Shells from the Tillar Farms Site (3DR30), Southeast Arkansas
We investigate the link between the consumption of foodstuffs, excavation of a large pit, and disposal of waste at the Tillar Farms site (3DR30), southeast Arkansas, using refit and oxygen isotope analyses of well-preserved freshwater mussel shells from Feature 1. Only 0.13% of 7,408 valves analyzed were unidentifiable to species.The refit analysis produced 460 refits across 23 species and strongly indicates that the shell midden represents a sin…
Geochemical Analysis of as a Method to Determine Season of Capture
Alteration of Otolith Aragonite: Effects of Prehistoric Cooking Methods on Otolith Chemistry
Geoarchaeological evidence for multidecadal natural climatic variability and ancient Peruvian fisheries
Understanding the influence of natural climatic variability on modern fisheries is complicated by over a century of industrial fishing. Archaeological data provide unique opportunities for assessing precolonial and preindustrial fisheries. Records show that anchoveta-vs sardine-dominated fisheries correlate with 20th-century climate change in the Pacific Basin and are linked to multidecadal climatic variability. The “anchovy regime” is characteri…
Seasonal Variations in Peruvian Marine Reservoir Age from Pre-Bomb Argopecten Purpuratus Shell Carbonate
Marine upwelling along coastal Peru can be intense and variable, making radiocarbon dating marine and coastal systems complex. Historical and proxy records of upwelling along coastal Peru are few, and long-lived species such as corals do not grow in the cold coastal waters. Mollusk shell carbonate, however, can record both the magnitude of the local marine reservoir correction, ΔR, and of seasonal oscillations in the ventilation age of coastal wa…
Upwelling signals in radiocarbon from early 20th-century Peruvian bay scallop ( Argopecten purpuratus ) shells
We quantified Δ 14 C, δ 18 O, and δ 13 C cycles along ontogeny within four bay scallop ( Argopecten purpuratus ) shells collected from Callao Bay, Salaverry, and Sechura Bay, Peru following the 1907–1908 non-El Niño years and the 1925–1926 El Niño. Δ 14 C and δ 13 C generally covary; Δ 14 C and δ 18 O vary inversely. Simultaneous decreases in Δ 14 C and increases in δ 18 O in non-El Niño shells are followed by constant Δ 14 C and gradually decrea…
Centuries of Marine Radiocarbon Reservoir Age Variation Within Archaeological Mesodesma Donacium Shells from Southern Peru
Mollusk shells provide brief ( R ) and upwelling. We report 21 14 C ages and R calculations on small (∼2 mg) samples from 2 Mesodesma donacium (surf clam) shells. These shells were excavated from a semi-subterranean house floor stratum 14 C dated to 7625 ± 35 BP at site QJ-280, Quebrada Jaguay, southern Peru. The ranges in marine 14 C ages (and thus R ) from the 2 shells are 530 and 170 14 C yr; R from individual aragonite samples spans 130 ± 60 …
Shell midden sclerochronology
Determining the habitats of mollusk collection at the Sapelo Island shell ring complex, Georgia, USA using oxygen isotope sclerochronology
Evaluating Mobility, Monumentality, and Feasting at the Sapelo Island Shell Ring Complex
Two of the most salient anthropological questions regarding southeastern shell ring sites are related to the season(s) that they were occupied and whether or not the deposits represent monumental constructions and/or feasting remains. This paper addresses these questions through the analysis of growth band of clams (Mercenaria spp.) (N = 620) and stable oxygen isotope ratios of clam and oyster shells (Crassostrea virginica) (N = 58) at the Sapelo…
Using Oxygen Isotope Sclerochronology to Evaluate the Role of Small Islands Among the Guale (AD 1325 to 1700) of the Georgia Coast, USA
In this article, we present the results of sequential oxygen isotope analysis performed on hard clam, Mercenaria spp. (n = 5) and eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica (n = 13) valves excavated from Pumpkin Hammock (9MC350). These data are used to evaluate Guale models of settlement and subsistence along the Georgia coast during the late pre-Contact and early Colonial eras (ca. AD 1325 to 1700). Season of collection data indicate shells were coll…
Sclerochronological Measures of Seasonality at a Late Woodland Mound on the Mississippi Gulf Coast
Seasonality of site occupation has been an important issue in the archaeology of precolumbian coastal populations in the U.S. Southeast. Sclerochronological oxygen isotope measurements to estimate season of capture were performed on marsh clam (Rangia cuneata) and oyster (Crassostrea virginica) shells from a Late Woodland platform mound in coastal Mississippi. This study is the first oxygen isotope analysis of archaeological Rangia cuneata. The r…
Assessing village life and monument construction (cal. AD 65–1070) along the central Gulf Coast of Florida through stable isotope geochemistry
Local water source variation and experimental Chicha de Maíz brewing: Implications for interpreting human hydroxyapatite δ18O values in the Andes
Where the Land Meets the Sea: Fourteen Millennia of Human History at Huaca Prieta, Peru
Exploring Oyster ( Crassostrea virginica ) Habitat Collection via Oxygen Isotope Geochemistry and its Implications for Ritual and Mound Construction at Crystal River and Roberts Island, Florida
Research at Crystal River and Roberts Island Shell Mound Complex, on the western coast of Florida, USA, offers a quantitative assessment of the temporality of shell deposit construction, Native subsistence practices, and mobility patterns through stable oxygen isotope data from eastern oyster (C. virginica). The δ18Owater values of oysters vary synchronously with salinity, assuming relatively constant δ18Owater/salinity gradients since the time o…
Refit and Oxygen Isotope Analysis of Freshwater Mussel Shells from the Tillar Farms Site (3DR30), Southeast Arkansas
We investigate the link between the consumption of foodstuffs, excavation of a large pit, and disposal of waste at the Tillar Farms site (3DR30), southeast Arkansas, using refit and oxygen isotope analyses of well-preserved freshwater mussel shells from Feature 1. Only 0.13% of 7,408 valves analyzed were unidentifiable to species.The refit analysis produced 460 refits across 23 species and strongly indicates that the shell midden represents a sin…
Woodland-period fisheries on the north-central coast of the Gulf of Mexico
Despite the prevalence of Woodland-period middens on the Gulf of Mexico’s northern coast, Woodland fisheries remain poorly known. Vertebrate and invertebrate assemblages from Plash Island (1BA134; cal AD 325–640) and Bayou St. John (1BA21; cal AD 650–1040) suggest this period was more than a prelude to Mississippian farming. Much of the coastal Woodland economy centered on reliable, productive estuarine resources, particularly molluscs and fishes…
Temporality of fishery taskscapes on the north-central Gulf of Mexico coast (USA) during the Middle/Late Woodland period (AD 325-1040)
This study examines the timing, tempo, and logic of fishery taskscapes at two Woodland villages (ca. AD 325–1040) on the north-central coast of the Gulf of Mexico (USA). A multi-proxy combination of zooarchaeological attributions, light stable isotope analyses, and related approaches reveals cyclical aspects of the temporality of taskscapes at these two non-farming communities, identifying which resources were collected when and where. Awareness …
Ritual schedule and worshippers’ origin at an ancient Maya ritual cave site, Las Cuevas, Belize: A pilot study of jute snail shell sclerochemistry
Of missions and marshes: Stable isotope analysis of Mission-Era Guale oyster harvesting on St. Catherines Island, Georgia
This article presents the results of oxygen stable isotope analysis on eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) samples (n = 25) from a Mission-Era (ca. AD 1565–1680) site, Pueblo Santa Catalina de Guale, on St. Catherines Island, GA. Stable isotope analysis was used to assess the seasonality of oyster harvesting on St. Catherines Island during the Mission Era to better understand how Spanish colonization and the Catholic mission system may have im…
Stable Isotope Analysis and Chronology Building at the Hokfv-Mocvse Cultural Site, the Earliest Evidence for South Atlantic Shell-Ring Villages
Circular shell rings along the South Atlantic coast of the United States are vestiges of the earliest sedentary villages in North America, dating to 4500-3000 BP. However, little is known about when Indigenous communities began constructing these shell-ring villages. This article presents data from the Hokfv-Mocvse Shell Ring on Ossabaw Island, Georgia. Although shell rings are often associated with the earliest ceramics in North America, no cera…
Geography (16 works) · Geology (16 works) · Isotope Analysis in Ecology (15 works) · Archaeology (13 works) · Biology (12 works) · Oceanography (12 works) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (11 works) · Ecology (11 works) · Fishery (8 works) · Geology (8 works)