Gilles Billen
Biographic Data
| ID | 4061867 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Gilles Billen |
| GIVEN NAMES | Gilles |
| FAMILY NAME | Billen |
| SIGNATURE | BILLEN G |
| AFFILIATIONS | Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-4413-4169 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 23 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 14 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 23 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2012 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 2 |
Toward sustainability of territorial agro-food systems in Europe: Indicators for assessing alternative scenarios
Describing territorial agro-food systems through nitrogen flows between agriculture, livestock farming, human consumption, and external trade represents a useful basis for assessing the environmental sustainability of these systems. The concepts of circularity and self-sufficiency are often put forward in assessments to complement indicators related to environmental impacts, such as nitrogen use efficiency, environmental N surplus, N losses. Here…
Comment vit l’autre moitié du monde ? Plaidoyer pour un monde sans engrais azotés de synthèse
Fondamentalement dépendante des engrais azotés de synthèse, l'agriculture intensive met en péril l'habitabilité de notre planète. Au contraire, les méthodes agroécologiques permettraient de préserver l'environnement, tout en assurant une productivité suffisante pour nourrir les 10 milliards d'êtres humains que comptera la Terre en 2050. Pour s'en convaincre, il faut aller regarder 'comment vit l'autre moitié du monde'
Fertilization strategies for abating N pollution at the scale of a highly vulnerable and diverse semi-arid agricultural region (Murcia, Spain)
Overuse of N fertilizers in crops has induced the disruption of the N cycle, triggering the release of reactive N (Nr) to the environment. Several EU policies have been developed to address this challenge, establishing targets to reduce agricultural Nr losses. Their achievement could be materialized through the introduction of fertilizing innovations such as incorporating fertilizer into soils, using urease inhibitors, or by adjusting N inputs to…
Pour penser la territorialisation alimentaire, intégrer les inter-territorialités
A partir de trois situations contrastées d’un grand quart nord-est de la France, nous questionnons la manière dont la territorialisation agri-alimentaire, en plus de renforcer une certaine reconnexion entre agriculture et alimentation, engage des liens multiples avec des territoires extérieurs plus ou moins proches.En analysant à la fois les dynamiques endogènes aux territoires, les formes d’articulation entre territoires et en envisageant l’enje…
Reshaping the European agro-food system and closing its nitrogen cycle: The potential of combining dietary change, agroecology, and circularity
Nitrogen dynamics in cropping systems under Mediterranean climate: A systemic analysis
Worldwide, Mediterranean cropping systems face the complex challenge of producing enough high-quality food while preserving the quantity and quality of scarce water for people and agriculture in the context of climate change. While good management of nitrogen (N) is paramount to achieving this objective, the efficient strategies developed for temperate systems are often not adapted to the specificities of Mediterranean systems. In this work, we c…
The phosphorus legacy offers opportunities for agro-ecological transition (France 1850–2075)
Management of the non-renewable resource phosphorus (P) is critical to agricultural sustainability. The global P cycle is currently disturbed beyond planetary boundaries, mostly due to large excess P use in the agriculture of industrialized countries, while P is lacking in the Global South. The trajectories of P management and their effects on future sustainable agriculture were investigated for the case of France from 1850 to 2015 based on empir…
Hydromorphology of coastal zone and structure of watershed agro-food system are main determinants of coastal eutrophication
For a number of well-documented watersheds and their adjacent coastal zones, a simplified, but generic approach was developed to explore current nutrient deliveries to their corresponding marine system, characterized by their flushing rate/residence time and morphology. An indicator of eutrophication was defined derived from both the C:N:P:Si stoichiometry of the riverine nutrient delivery and the physical features of the receiving marine bay (B_…
Approvisionnement alimentaire parisien du XVIII e au XXI e siècle: Les flux et leur gouvernance. Récit d’une trajectoire socioécologique
Le système qui assure l’approvisionnement alimentaire des villes actuelles n’a pas toujours été mondial et privé, mais a longtemps été une prérogative des pouvoirs publics. La privatisation du système alimentaire s’est faite à la faveur de bouleversements dans les domaines agricole, industriel et commercial. Cet article propose le récit de la trajectoire de l’approvisionnement alimentaire parisien de la fin de l’Ancien Régime au début du XXI e si…
Drivers of long-term carbon dynamics in cropland: A bio-political history (France, 1852–2014)
Potential for recoupling production and consumption in peri-urban territories: The case-study of the Saclay plateau near Paris, France
Nitrogen use in the global food system: Past trends and future trajectories of agronomic performance, pollution, trade, and dietary demand
de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publis ou non, manant des tablissements d'enseignement et de recherche franais ou trangers, des laboratoires publics ou privs
Long-term water quality in the lower Seine: Lessons learned over 4 decades of monitoring
Reconnecting crop and cattle farming to reduce nitrogen losses to river water of an intensive agricultural catchment (Seine basin, France): Past, present and future
The role of water nitrogen retention in integrated nutrient management: Assessment in a large basin using different modelling approaches
The removal of excessive nitrogen (nitrogen retention) is an important service that the aquatic ecosystem provides to humans. Assessing the removal of nitrogen (temporal and permanent) in large river basins is complex due to the dependency on climate, hydrological and physical characteristics, and ecosystem functioning. Measurements are generally limited in number and do not represent the full integration of all processes contributing to nitrogen…
A vast range of opportunities for feeding the world in 2050: Trade-off between diet, N contamination and international trade
Impacts of European livestock production: Nitrogen, sulphur, phosphorus and greenhouse gas emissions, land-use, water eutrophication and biodiversity
Livestock production systems currently occupy around 28% of the land surface of the European Union (equivalent to 65% of the agricultural land). In conjunction with other human activities, livestock production systems affect water, air and soil quality, global climate and biodiversity, altering the biogeochemical cycles of nitrogen, phosphorus and carbon. Here, we quantify the contribution of European livestock production to these major impacts. …
Food and feed trade as a driver in the global nitrogen cycle: 50-Year Trends
Yield-scaled mitigation of ammonia emission from N fertilization: The Spanish case
Synthetic nitrogen (N) fertilizer and field application of livestock manure are the major sources of ammonia (NH3) volatilization. This N loss may decrease crop productivity and subsequent deposition promotes environmental problems associated with soil acidification and eutrophication. Mitigation measures may have associated side effects such as decreased crop productivity (e.g. if N fertilizer application is reduced), or the release of other rea…
Year Trends in Nitrogen Use Efficiency of World Cropping Systems: The relationship between yield and nitrogen input to cropland
Nitrogen (N) is crucial for crop productivity. However nowadays more than\nhalf of the N added to cropland is lost to the environment, wasting the\nresource, producing threats to air, water, soil and biodiversity, and\ngenerating greenhouse gas emissions. Based on FAO data, we have\nreconstructed the trajectory followed, in the past 50 years, by 124\ncountries in terms of crop yield and total nitrogen inputs to cropland\n(manure, synthetic fertil…
The contribution of food waste to global and European nitrogen pollution
Localising the nitrogen imprint of the Paris food supply: The potential of organic farming and changes in human diet
The Seine watershed has long been the food-supplying hinterland of Paris, providing most of the animal and vegetal protein consumed in the city. Nowadays, the shift from manure-based to synthetic nitrogen fertilisation, has made possible a strong land specialisation of agriculture in the Seine watershed: it still provides most of the cereal consumed by the Paris agglomeration, but exports 80% of its huge cereal production. On the other hand the m…
Grain, meat and vegetables to feed Paris: Where did and do they come from? Localising Paris food supply areas from the eighteenth to the twenty-first century
The food supply to a large metropolis such as Paris involves huge fluxes of goods, which considerably impact the surrounding rural territories. Here, we present an attempt to localise Paris food supply areas, over a period of two centuries (1786, 1886, 2006), based on the analysis of data from transportation and production statistics for cereals, animal products, and fruits and vegetables, all three categories being expressed in terms of their ni…
Potential for recoupling production and consumption in peri-urban territories: The case-study of the Saclay plateau near Paris, France
Drivers of long-term carbon dynamics in cropland: A bio-political history (France, 1852–2014)
Reconnecting crop and cattle farming to reduce nitrogen losses to river water of an intensive agricultural catchment (Seine basin, France): Past, present and future
The contribution of food waste to global and European nitrogen pollution
Pour penser la territorialisation alimentaire, intégrer les inter-territorialités
A partir de trois situations contrastées d’un grand quart nord-est de la France, nous questionnons la manière dont la territorialisation agri-alimentaire, en plus de renforcer une certaine reconnexion entre agriculture et alimentation, engage des liens multiples avec des territoires extérieurs plus ou moins proches.En analysant à la fois les dynamiques endogènes aux territoires, les formes d’articulation entre territoires et en envisageant l’enje…
Long-term water quality in the lower Seine: Lessons learned over 4 decades of monitoring
Localising the nitrogen imprint of the Paris food supply: The potential of organic farming and changes in human diet
The Seine watershed has long been the food-supplying hinterland of Paris, providing most of the animal and vegetal protein consumed in the city. Nowadays, the shift from manure-based to synthetic nitrogen fertilisation, has made possible a strong land specialisation of agriculture in the Seine watershed: it still provides most of the cereal consumed by the Paris agglomeration, but exports 80% of its huge cereal production. On the other hand the m…
Grain, meat and vegetables to feed Paris: Where did and do they come from? Localising Paris food supply areas from the eighteenth to the twenty-first century
The food supply to a large metropolis such as Paris involves huge fluxes of goods, which considerably impact the surrounding rural territories. Here, we present an attempt to localise Paris food supply areas, over a period of two centuries (1786, 1886, 2006), based on the analysis of data from transportation and production statistics for cereals, animal products, and fruits and vegetables, all three categories being expressed in terms of their ni…
The contribution of food waste to global and European nitrogen pollution
Food and feed trade as a driver in the global nitrogen cycle: 50-Year Trends
Yield-scaled mitigation of ammonia emission from N fertilization: The Spanish case
Synthetic nitrogen (N) fertilizer and field application of livestock manure are the major sources of ammonia (NH3) volatilization. This N loss may decrease crop productivity and subsequent deposition promotes environmental problems associated with soil acidification and eutrophication. Mitigation measures may have associated side effects such as decreased crop productivity (e.g. if N fertilizer application is reduced), or the release of other rea…
Year Trends in Nitrogen Use Efficiency of World Cropping Systems: The relationship between yield and nitrogen input to cropland
Nitrogen (N) is crucial for crop productivity. However nowadays more than\nhalf of the N added to cropland is lost to the environment, wasting the\nresource, producing threats to air, water, soil and biodiversity, and\ngenerating greenhouse gas emissions. Based on FAO data, we have\nreconstructed the trajectory followed, in the past 50 years, by 124\ncountries in terms of crop yield and total nitrogen inputs to cropland\n(manure, synthetic fertil…
The role of water nitrogen retention in integrated nutrient management: Assessment in a large basin using different modelling approaches
The removal of excessive nitrogen (nitrogen retention) is an important service that the aquatic ecosystem provides to humans. Assessing the removal of nitrogen (temporal and permanent) in large river basins is complex due to the dependency on climate, hydrological and physical characteristics, and ecosystem functioning. Measurements are generally limited in number and do not represent the full integration of all processes contributing to nitrogen…
A vast range of opportunities for feeding the world in 2050: Trade-off between diet, N contamination and international trade
Impacts of European livestock production: Nitrogen, sulphur, phosphorus and greenhouse gas emissions, land-use, water eutrophication and biodiversity
Livestock production systems currently occupy around 28% of the land surface of the European Union (equivalent to 65% of the agricultural land). In conjunction with other human activities, livestock production systems affect water, air and soil quality, global climate and biodiversity, altering the biogeochemical cycles of nitrogen, phosphorus and carbon. Here, we quantify the contribution of European livestock production to these major impacts. …
Nitrogen use in the global food system: Past trends and future trajectories of agronomic performance, pollution, trade, and dietary demand
de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publis ou non, manant des tablissements d'enseignement et de recherche franais ou trangers, des laboratoires publics ou privs
Long-term water quality in the lower Seine: Lessons learned over 4 decades of monitoring
Reconnecting crop and cattle farming to reduce nitrogen losses to river water of an intensive agricultural catchment (Seine basin, France): Past, present and future
Potential for recoupling production and consumption in peri-urban territories: The case-study of the Saclay plateau near Paris, France
Approvisionnement alimentaire parisien du XVIII e au XXI e siècle: Les flux et leur gouvernance. Récit d’une trajectoire socioécologique
Le système qui assure l’approvisionnement alimentaire des villes actuelles n’a pas toujours été mondial et privé, mais a longtemps été une prérogative des pouvoirs publics. La privatisation du système alimentaire s’est faite à la faveur de bouleversements dans les domaines agricole, industriel et commercial. Cet article propose le récit de la trajectoire de l’approvisionnement alimentaire parisien de la fin de l’Ancien Régime au début du XXI e si…
Drivers of long-term carbon dynamics in cropland: A bio-political history (France, 1852–2014)
The phosphorus legacy offers opportunities for agro-ecological transition (France 1850–2075)
Management of the non-renewable resource phosphorus (P) is critical to agricultural sustainability. The global P cycle is currently disturbed beyond planetary boundaries, mostly due to large excess P use in the agriculture of industrialized countries, while P is lacking in the Global South. The trajectories of P management and their effects on future sustainable agriculture were investigated for the case of France from 1850 to 2015 based on empir…
Hydromorphology of coastal zone and structure of watershed agro-food system are main determinants of coastal eutrophication
For a number of well-documented watersheds and their adjacent coastal zones, a simplified, but generic approach was developed to explore current nutrient deliveries to their corresponding marine system, characterized by their flushing rate/residence time and morphology. An indicator of eutrophication was defined derived from both the C:N:P:Si stoichiometry of the riverine nutrient delivery and the physical features of the receiving marine bay (B_…
Reshaping the European agro-food system and closing its nitrogen cycle: The potential of combining dietary change, agroecology, and circularity
Nitrogen dynamics in cropping systems under Mediterranean climate: A systemic analysis
Worldwide, Mediterranean cropping systems face the complex challenge of producing enough high-quality food while preserving the quantity and quality of scarce water for people and agriculture in the context of climate change. While good management of nitrogen (N) is paramount to achieving this objective, the efficient strategies developed for temperate systems are often not adapted to the specificities of Mediterranean systems. In this work, we c…
Pour penser la territorialisation alimentaire, intégrer les inter-territorialités
A partir de trois situations contrastées d’un grand quart nord-est de la France, nous questionnons la manière dont la territorialisation agri-alimentaire, en plus de renforcer une certaine reconnexion entre agriculture et alimentation, engage des liens multiples avec des territoires extérieurs plus ou moins proches.En analysant à la fois les dynamiques endogènes aux territoires, les formes d’articulation entre territoires et en envisageant l’enje…
Fertilization strategies for abating N pollution at the scale of a highly vulnerable and diverse semi-arid agricultural region (Murcia, Spain)
Overuse of N fertilizers in crops has induced the disruption of the N cycle, triggering the release of reactive N (Nr) to the environment. Several EU policies have been developed to address this challenge, establishing targets to reduce agricultural Nr losses. Their achievement could be materialized through the introduction of fertilizing innovations such as incorporating fertilizer into soils, using urease inhibitors, or by adjusting N inputs to…
Toward sustainability of territorial agro-food systems in Europe: Indicators for assessing alternative scenarios
Describing territorial agro-food systems through nitrogen flows between agriculture, livestock farming, human consumption, and external trade represents a useful basis for assessing the environmental sustainability of these systems. The concepts of circularity and self-sufficiency are often put forward in assessments to complement indicators related to environmental impacts, such as nitrogen use efficiency, environmental N surplus, N losses. Here…
Comment vit l’autre moitié du monde ? Plaidoyer pour un monde sans engrais azotés de synthèse
Fondamentalement dépendante des engrais azotés de synthèse, l'agriculture intensive met en péril l'habitabilité de notre planète. Au contraire, les méthodes agroécologiques permettraient de préserver l'environnement, tout en assurant une productivité suffisante pour nourrir les 10 milliards d'êtres humains que comptera la Terre en 2050. Pour s'en convaincre, il faut aller regarder 'comment vit l'autre moitié du monde'
Environmental Science (17 works) · Ecology (16 works) · Agriculture (15 works) · Biology (12 works) · Geography (12 works) · Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics (10 works) · Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact (9 works) · Economics (9 works) · Phosphorus and nutrient management (8 works) · Agronomy (6 works)