Maria A Pons
Biographic Data
| ID | 4071492 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Maria A Pons |
| GIVEN NAMES | Maria A |
| FAMILY NAME | Pons |
| SIGNATURE | PONS M A |
| AFFILIATIONS | Universitat de València |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-9092-5220 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 12 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 15 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 12 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2001 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 2 |
El Consejo Superior Bancario
La Ley de Ordenación Bancaria de 1921 estableció un marco de «autorregulación» y creó el Consejo Superior Bancario (CSB), una institución que actuaba como enlace entre la banca y las autoridades y que defendió sus intereses corporativos frente a otros agentes financieros. Tras la guerra civil, en un contexto de mayor intervencionismo estatal, el nuevo CSB pasó a ser un órgano consultivo del Ministerio de Hacienda en materia bancaria, aunque aumen…
Between State Control and Banking Power
This article analyzes the evolution of banking supervision in Spain under Franco’s regime (1939–1975), highlighting how political and economic factors shaped oversight in an authoritarian setting. Two phases emerge. In the 1940s–50s, supervision—lodged in the Ministry of Finance—was weak, poorly staffed, and focused on enforcing banks’ oligopolistic interest rate agreements, reflecting regulatory capture. Following the 1959 Stabilization Plan, ri…
Regulation is good but not enough
The aim of this paper is to analyse the early stages of banking supervision in Spain, implemented between the second half of the nineteenth century and the first third of the twentieth century. We provide empirical evidence about the main factors behind the emergence of supervision, the supervisory authority, who the supervisors were, the regularity of inspections and the main inspection activities. We show that Spain was an example of early impl…
Who determined the rules of the game in the Spanish financial reforms, 1970-1990
Capital Flow Bonanzas as a Fundamental Ingredient in Spain's Financial Crises, 1850-2015
This paper analyses the mechanisms through which capital flows produced financial instability in Spain over a 165-year period. We study why and how capital bonanzas make crises more likely and severe, and whether their incidence varies depending on types of crises (currency, banking and debt crises). We conclude that most of them occurred in different monetary policy regimes, but they were associated with capital bonanzas in a liberal regulatory …
How local conditions affect global banking
Este artículo explora por qué los bancos españoles se internacionalizan y por qué América Latina ha sido la región principal para la expansión internacional de BBVA y Santander. Se muestra que antes de 1986 la banca española tenía una presencia limitada en el exterior y se analizan los principales impulsores de esta expansión inicial (remesas y conexiones comerciales). Sin embargo, a partir de 1986 se produjo una confluencia de factores internos …
Two Great Banking Crises and Their Economic Impact Compared
The 1976/1977 crisis was the most severe in Spanish history, but the losses associated with the 2008 crisis are huge. This paper compares these two great banking crises and identifies the main parallels and differences between them. Is the current crisis as severe as that of 1976? What is the impact on the banking and financial sectors? We show that the 1976 crisis is being surpassed by the 2008 crisis in terms of the decline in GDP, industrial p…
Comparing past and present wage inequality in two globalisation periods
This paper compares past and present globalisation with an aim to highlighting the different factors that drove wage inequality then and those which are doing so now. We have constructed a ratio of wage inequality for 15 countries in the first period of globalisation (1870-1913) and the subsequent period of deglobalisation (1914-1930) and then compare this pattern to wage inequality in the 1980s and 1990s. We propose that the difference in wage i…
Financial Crises In Spain
Financial crises are not unique to current financial systems. Are crises alike? Have they become more frequent, longer lasting and more severe since the 20 th century? What does history tell us? The objective of this paper is to study the financial crises that have occurred in Spain over the last 150 years. We consider different types of crises (banking, currency and stock market crises), together with all their possible combinations, estimate th…
Labour market response to globalisation
Explaining UK wage inequality in the past globalisation period, 1880–1913
Oligopolio y tipos de interés en la Banca española, 1942–1975
El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la posible utilización por parte de los bancos españoles de acuerdos monopolistas destinados a fijar los tipos de interés en el período comprendido entre el final de la guerra civil española y 1975. El segundo aspecto que va a abordar este artículo es la búsqueda de indicadores cuantitativos y cualitativos del grado de efectividad de dichos acuerdos colusivos. La principal conclusión que se obtiene es que a…
Financial Crises In Spain
Financial crises are not unique to current financial systems. Are crises alike? Have they become more frequent, longer lasting and more severe since the 20 th century? What does history tell us? The objective of this paper is to study the financial crises that have occurred in Spain over the last 150 years. We consider different types of crises (banking, currency and stock market crises), together with all their possible combinations, estimate th…
Oligopolio y tipos de interés en la Banca española, 1942–1975
El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la posible utilización por parte de los bancos españoles de acuerdos monopolistas destinados a fijar los tipos de interés en el período comprendido entre el final de la guerra civil española y 1975. El segundo aspecto que va a abordar este artículo es la búsqueda de indicadores cuantitativos y cualitativos del grado de efectividad de dichos acuerdos colusivos. La principal conclusión que se obtiene es que a…
Capital Flow Bonanzas as a Fundamental Ingredient in Spain's Financial Crises, 1850-2015
This paper analyses the mechanisms through which capital flows produced financial instability in Spain over a 165-year period. We study why and how capital bonanzas make crises more likely and severe, and whether their incidence varies depending on types of crises (currency, banking and debt crises). We conclude that most of them occurred in different monetary policy regimes, but they were associated with capital bonanzas in a liberal regulatory …
Labour market response to globalisation
Oligopolio y tipos de interés en la Banca española, 1942–1975
El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la posible utilización por parte de los bancos españoles de acuerdos monopolistas destinados a fijar los tipos de interés en el período comprendido entre el final de la guerra civil española y 1975. El segundo aspecto que va a abordar este artículo es la búsqueda de indicadores cuantitativos y cualitativos del grado de efectividad de dichos acuerdos colusivos. La principal conclusión que se obtiene es que a…
Explaining UK wage inequality in the past globalisation period, 1880–1913
Labour market response to globalisation
Financial Crises In Spain
Financial crises are not unique to current financial systems. Are crises alike? Have they become more frequent, longer lasting and more severe since the 20 th century? What does history tell us? The objective of this paper is to study the financial crises that have occurred in Spain over the last 150 years. We consider different types of crises (banking, currency and stock market crises), together with all their possible combinations, estimate th…
Comparing past and present wage inequality in two globalisation periods
This paper compares past and present globalisation with an aim to highlighting the different factors that drove wage inequality then and those which are doing so now. We have constructed a ratio of wage inequality for 15 countries in the first period of globalisation (1870-1913) and the subsequent period of deglobalisation (1914-1930) and then compare this pattern to wage inequality in the 1980s and 1990s. We propose that the difference in wage i…
Two Great Banking Crises and Their Economic Impact Compared
The 1976/1977 crisis was the most severe in Spanish history, but the losses associated with the 2008 crisis are huge. This paper compares these two great banking crises and identifies the main parallels and differences between them. Is the current crisis as severe as that of 1976? What is the impact on the banking and financial sectors? We show that the 1976 crisis is being surpassed by the 2008 crisis in terms of the decline in GDP, industrial p…
How local conditions affect global banking
Este artículo explora por qué los bancos españoles se internacionalizan y por qué América Latina ha sido la región principal para la expansión internacional de BBVA y Santander. Se muestra que antes de 1986 la banca española tenía una presencia limitada en el exterior y se analizan los principales impulsores de esta expansión inicial (remesas y conexiones comerciales). Sin embargo, a partir de 1986 se produjo una confluencia de factores internos …
Capital Flow Bonanzas as a Fundamental Ingredient in Spain's Financial Crises, 1850-2015
This paper analyses the mechanisms through which capital flows produced financial instability in Spain over a 165-year period. We study why and how capital bonanzas make crises more likely and severe, and whether their incidence varies depending on types of crises (currency, banking and debt crises). We conclude that most of them occurred in different monetary policy regimes, but they were associated with capital bonanzas in a liberal regulatory …
Who determined the rules of the game in the Spanish financial reforms, 1970-1990
Between State Control and Banking Power
This article analyzes the evolution of banking supervision in Spain under Franco’s regime (1939–1975), highlighting how political and economic factors shaped oversight in an authoritarian setting. Two phases emerge. In the 1940s–50s, supervision—lodged in the Ministry of Finance—was weak, poorly staffed, and focused on enforcing banks’ oligopolistic interest rate agreements, reflecting regulatory capture. Following the 1959 Stabilization Plan, ri…
Regulation is good but not enough
The aim of this paper is to analyse the early stages of banking supervision in Spain, implemented between the second half of the nineteenth century and the first third of the twentieth century. We provide empirical evidence about the main factors behind the emergence of supervision, the supervisory authority, who the supervisors were, the regularity of inspections and the main inspection activities. We show that Spain was an example of early impl…
El Consejo Superior Bancario
La Ley de Ordenación Bancaria de 1921 estableció un marco de «autorregulación» y creó el Consejo Superior Bancario (CSB), una institución que actuaba como enlace entre la banca y las autoridades y que defendió sus intereses corporativos frente a otros agentes financieros. Tras la guerra civil, en un contexto de mayor intervencionismo estatal, el nuevo CSB pasó a ser un órgano consultivo del Ministerio de Hacienda en materia bancaria, aunque aumen…
Economics (10 works) · Banking stability, regulation, efficiency (7 works) · Market economy (5 works) · Business (4 works) · Financial system (4 works) · Political science (4 works) · Accounting (3 works) · Finance (3 works) · Financial crisis (3 works) · Geography (3 works)