Scott P Orr
Biographic Data
| ID | 4096053 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Scott P Orr |
| GIVEN NAMES | Scott P |
| FAMILY NAME | Orr |
| SIGNATURE | ORR S P |
| AFFILIATIONS | Harvard University |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 7 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 10 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 7 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1980 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2021 |
| H-INDEX | 2 |
Modulatory Effects of Actual and Imagined Acupuncture on the Functional Connectivity of the Periaqueductal Gray and Ventral Tegmental Area
OBJECTIVE: Both acupuncture and guided imagery hold promise for treating pain. The mechanisms underlying these alternative interventions remain unclear. The reported study aimed to comparatively investigate the modulation effect of actual and imagined acupuncture on the functional connectivity of descending pain modulation system and reward network. METHODS: Twenty-four healthy participants (mean [standard error], 25.21 [0.77] years of age; 66.67…
A psychobiocultural model of orthostatic panic among Cambodian refugees: Flashbacks, catastrophic cognitions, and reduced orthostatic blood-pressure response
This paper investigates cognitive and physiological precursors of orthostatic panic (OP), that is, panic upon standing, which is a key complaint among traumatized Cambodian refugees. Prior research links OP to hypotension (lower blood pressure) and catastrophic cognitions. A clinical sample of 102 Cambodian refugees were assessed for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), recent OP attacks, and anticipatory anxiety before engaging in an orthostati…
Physiologic Responses to Loud Tones in Individuals With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Objective: To determine if individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are characterized by larger eyeblink and/or autonomic responses to sudden, loud (startling) tones. Methods: Twenty participants with OCD and 21 mentally healthy control participants were presented with 15 consecutive 95-db, 500-msec, 1000-Hz tones with 0-msec rise and fall times at the same time orbicularis oculi electromyogram (EMG), heart rate (HR), and skin conduct…
Seeking the source of emotional Stroop interference effects in PTSD: A study of P3s to traumatic words
We investigated the source of emotional Stroop interference effects in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) by measuring reaction times and P3 latencies and amplitudes to personal traumatic, personal positive, and neutral words in a modified Stroop paradigm. Individuals with PTSD were slower to indicate word color, especially for traumatic words, thereby replicating emotional Stroop interference in PTSD. Individuals with PTSD also had significant…
Excitatory strength of expressive faces: Effects of happy and fear expressions and context on the extinction of a conditioned fear response
In a recent study, Orr and Lanzetta (1984) showed that the excitatory properties of fear facial expressions previously described (Lanzetta & Orr, 1981; Orr & Lanzetta, 1980) do not depend on associative mechanisms; even in the absence of reinforcement, fear faces intensify the emotional reaction to a previously conditioned stimulus and disrupt extinction of an acquired fear response. In conjunction with the findings on acquisition, the failure to…
Facial expressions of emotion as conditioned stimuli for human autonomic responses
This investigation tested the hypothesis that congruity of a facial affective expression with an aversive outcome as compared to incongruity of an expression and outcome would result in superior differential conditioning of an autonomic response (skin conductance) to the facial expression. Using a differential conditioning paradigm with slides of fear faces and happy faces as CS+ and CS- or CS- AND CS+, resepctively, the resultant findings are co…
Influence of facial expressions on the classical conditioning of fear
Previous research has demonstrated that particular facial expressions more readily acquire excitatory strength when paired with a congruent unconditioned stimulus than when paired with an incongruent outcome. The present study extends these findings on the excitatory and inhibitory role of facial expressions by demonstrating that particular facial expressions (fear and happy), when paired with a neutral cue (tone), can influence conditioning to t…
Influence of facial expressions on the classical conditioning of fear
Previous research has demonstrated that particular facial expressions more readily acquire excitatory strength when paired with a congruent unconditioned stimulus than when paired with an incongruent outcome. The present study extends these findings on the excitatory and inhibitory role of facial expressions by demonstrating that particular facial expressions (fear and happy), when paired with a neutral cue (tone), can influence conditioning to t…
Excitatory strength of expressive faces: Effects of happy and fear expressions and context on the extinction of a conditioned fear response
In a recent study, Orr and Lanzetta (1984) showed that the excitatory properties of fear facial expressions previously described (Lanzetta & Orr, 1981; Orr & Lanzetta, 1980) do not depend on associative mechanisms; even in the absence of reinforcement, fear faces intensify the emotional reaction to a previously conditioned stimulus and disrupt extinction of an acquired fear response. In conjunction with the findings on acquisition, the failure to…
Facial expressions of emotion as conditioned stimuli for human autonomic responses
This investigation tested the hypothesis that congruity of a facial affective expression with an aversive outcome as compared to incongruity of an expression and outcome would result in superior differential conditioning of an autonomic response (skin conductance) to the facial expression. Using a differential conditioning paradigm with slides of fear faces and happy faces as CS+ and CS- or CS- AND CS+, resepctively, the resultant findings are co…
Facial expressions of emotion as conditioned stimuli for human autonomic responses
This investigation tested the hypothesis that congruity of a facial affective expression with an aversive outcome as compared to incongruity of an expression and outcome would result in superior differential conditioning of an autonomic response (skin conductance) to the facial expression. Using a differential conditioning paradigm with slides of fear faces and happy faces as CS+ and CS- or CS- AND CS+, resepctively, the resultant findings are co…
Influence of facial expressions on the classical conditioning of fear
Previous research has demonstrated that particular facial expressions more readily acquire excitatory strength when paired with a congruent unconditioned stimulus than when paired with an incongruent outcome. The present study extends these findings on the excitatory and inhibitory role of facial expressions by demonstrating that particular facial expressions (fear and happy), when paired with a neutral cue (tone), can influence conditioning to t…
Excitatory strength of expressive faces: Effects of happy and fear expressions and context on the extinction of a conditioned fear response
In a recent study, Orr and Lanzetta (1984) showed that the excitatory properties of fear facial expressions previously described (Lanzetta & Orr, 1981; Orr & Lanzetta, 1980) do not depend on associative mechanisms; even in the absence of reinforcement, fear faces intensify the emotional reaction to a previously conditioned stimulus and disrupt extinction of an acquired fear response. In conjunction with the findings on acquisition, the failure to…
Seeking the source of emotional Stroop interference effects in PTSD: A study of P3s to traumatic words
We investigated the source of emotional Stroop interference effects in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) by measuring reaction times and P3 latencies and amplitudes to personal traumatic, personal positive, and neutral words in a modified Stroop paradigm. Individuals with PTSD were slower to indicate word color, especially for traumatic words, thereby replicating emotional Stroop interference in PTSD. Individuals with PTSD also had significant…
Physiologic Responses to Loud Tones in Individuals With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Objective: To determine if individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are characterized by larger eyeblink and/or autonomic responses to sudden, loud (startling) tones. Methods: Twenty participants with OCD and 21 mentally healthy control participants were presented with 15 consecutive 95-db, 500-msec, 1000-Hz tones with 0-msec rise and fall times at the same time orbicularis oculi electromyogram (EMG), heart rate (HR), and skin conduct…
A psychobiocultural model of orthostatic panic among Cambodian refugees: Flashbacks, catastrophic cognitions, and reduced orthostatic blood-pressure response
This paper investigates cognitive and physiological precursors of orthostatic panic (OP), that is, panic upon standing, which is a key complaint among traumatized Cambodian refugees. Prior research links OP to hypotension (lower blood pressure) and catastrophic cognitions. A clinical sample of 102 Cambodian refugees were assessed for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), recent OP attacks, and anticipatory anxiety before engaging in an orthostati…
Modulatory Effects of Actual and Imagined Acupuncture on the Functional Connectivity of the Periaqueductal Gray and Ventral Tegmental Area
OBJECTIVE: Both acupuncture and guided imagery hold promise for treating pain. The mechanisms underlying these alternative interventions remain unclear. The reported study aimed to comparatively investigate the modulation effect of actual and imagined acupuncture on the functional connectivity of descending pain modulation system and reward network. METHODS: Twenty-four healthy participants (mean [standard error], 25.21 [0.77] years of age; 66.67…
Psychology (6 works) · Neuroscience (4 works) · Amygdala (3 works) · Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes (3 works) · Audiology (3 works) · Classical conditioning (3 works) · Cognitive psychology (3 works) · Communication (3 works) · Conditioning (3 works) · Developmental psychology (3 works)